JPS63212432A - Automatic work fitting lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide possibility of automatic fitting/removal of works in different shapes on/from a lathe capable of complex processings by using a pallet for retaining a work at a work spindle on a spindle table, and by fitting/ removing the pallet on/from the work spindle. CONSTITUTION:At a working table 51 is work is fitted by hand on a pallet 4 for holding work. This pallet 4 is temporarily stored in a pallet magazine 71 and then fitted on a work spindle on a spindle table 3 from this pallet magazine 71, and it is possible to fit regardless of work configuration. At this time, pallets 4 are in the same construction, so that transfer devices 83, 92 to use for transfer of pallet 4 has simple construction. Further, meshing of the coupling surface at the end face of pallet 4 with the coupling surface at the tip of the work spindle is adopted for construction of mounting the pallet 4 on the work spindle, and the above-mentioned working table 51 is also furnished with a rotary shaft 57 equipped with a coupling surface, and the pallet 4 is retained at the coupling surface of this rotary shaft 57.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a lathe capable of complex machining, and particularly to a lathe that can automatically attach and detach different types of workpieces to and from a workpiece spindle.

[Conventional technology]

Recently, lathes have not only been used to perform turning processing, but also
Complex machining lathes that are capable of complex machining such as milling and drilling have been developed. In addition, automation of tool and workpiece changes is progressing, and the main spindle (workpiece spindle)
Robots and autoloaders have been developed as automatic workpiece loading/unloading devices.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, conventional robots and autoloaders for replacing workpieces are configured to attach the workpiece directly to the spindle, so they can only handle workpieces with simple shapes, and specifications must be changed each time the shape of the workpiece changes. However, there are problems such as requiring program changes and being uneconomical.

Since multi-tasking lathes often machine small quantities of different types of workpieces of various shapes, it is uneconomical to employ conventional robots and autoloaders, and the development of a new workpiece mounting device has been desired.

On the other hand, although it is not a lathe, the workpiece is mounted on a pallet.

A machining center is known that holds this pallet on a rotatable support shaft and performs various types of machining (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-1989-1).
189748), it is conceivable that by using this pallet in a lathe, various types of workpieces can be easily attached and detached from the workpiece spindle of the lathe. However, in a lathe, when a pallet holding a workpiece is mounted on a workpiece spindle, the workpiece must be accurately centered with respect to the axis of the workpiece spindle, but there is a problem that this centering cannot be performed.

In other words, when a workpiece is manually attached to a pallet at a position different from the workpiece spindle, even if the workpiece is aligned accurately with the center of the pallet, when the pallet is attached to the workpiece spindle, the pallet Since the center of the workpiece and the axis of the workpiece spindle do not necessarily coincide, the workpiece cannot be accurately centered with respect to the axis of the workpiece spindle.

The present invention has been made in view of the current situation.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a lathe having a function of easily and accurately centering and automatically attaching and detaching different types of workpieces and a small amount of workpieces to and from a workpiece spindle with a relatively simple structure.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention, which has been made to achieve the above object, provides a pallet for holding a workpiece that has a coupling surface on the back surface and an engagement groove parallel to the coupling surface, and a compression surface that engages with the compression surface of the pallet at the tip. a first clamp member that is located at the tip of the work spindle and includes a guide portion that engages with the engagement groove of the pallet and that is movable in the axial direction with respect to the work spindle; a headstock having a drive device for rotating the work spindle at high speed, a rotating shaft having a coupling surface at its tip that engages with the compacting surface of the pallet and being rotatable twice; and the rotating shaft. a workbench having a second clamp member located at the tip of the pallet and having a guide portion that engages with the engagement groove of the pallet and movable in the axial direction with respect to the rotating shaft; The present invention includes a pallet magazine which is disposed between the workbench and the platform and holds a large number of pallets, and a pallet transfer device which transfers the pallets between the workbench and the pallet magazine and between the pallet magazine and the headstock. The gist is a lathe that can automatically load workpieces.

[Effect]

As described above, the present invention uses a pallet that holds workpieces, so any workpiece is manually attached to this pallet on a workbench, the pallet is temporarily stored in a pallet magazine, and then the workpiece spindle is transferred from the pallet magazine. By attaching it to the workpiece spindle, it can be attached to the workpiece spindle regardless of the shape of the workpiece.

At this time, the pallets to be transferred from the two workbenches to the pallet magazine, and from the pallet magazine to the work spindle, or vice versa, have the same structure regardless of the shape of the held workpieces, so the pallets used for transferring the pallets The transfer device may have a simple structure, and therefore has a simpler structure than conventional robots and autoloaders.

Furthermore, the structure for attaching the pallet to the work spindle employs an engagement between the coupling surface on the end face of the pallet and the coupling surface on the tip of the work spindle.

On the other hand, like the work spindle, the first workbench is also provided with a rotary shaft equipped with a compression surface that engages with the compression surface of the end surface of the pallet. Since the pallet is held by meshing with the rotating shaft, if the pallet is attached to the rotating shaft and a workpiece is mounted on the pallet centered with respect to the axis of the rotating shaft, then when the pallet is mounted on the workpiece spindle, The workpiece is automatically centered accurately on the workpiece spindle.

In this way, by accurately mounting the workpiece on one workbench, it becomes possible to automatically and highly accurately attach the workpiece to the workpiece spindle.

〔Example〕

A preferred embodiment of the present invention shown in one drawing will be described below.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a bed placed in front of the machine, and has an inclined and horizontal guide surface IA extending in the Z-axis direction on the front surface, and a table 2 is slidably held on the guide surface IA. ing. A ZIIIv1 motion device (not shown) consisting of a two-axis servo motor and ball screw means for driving the table 2 in the Z-axis direction is attached to the table 2. Reference numeral 3 denotes a workpiece holding headstock held on the table 2, and is equipped with a workpiece spindle (details will be described later) having an axis extending in the Z-axis direction, and a workpiece (not shown) is attached to the tip of the workpiece spindle (details will be described later). The held pallet 4 is attached. The work spindle includes a drive device that rotates the work spindle at high speed for turning, and a drive device that indexes the work spindle to a predetermined angular position for milling the work, drilling holes, etc.
A fixed C-axis side ejecting mechanism is connected. 5 is a tailstock having a center 6 having the same axis as the work spindle of the headstock 3;

It is held slidably on the table 2 in the Z-axis direction.

With this configuration, the position of the tailstock 5 can be adjusted according to the size of the workpiece, and one end of the workpiece can be supported by the center 6. The tailstock 5 can swing in the direction shown by the arrow, and is configured to be retractable to avoid interference with tools during milling or drilling from the Z-axis direction. There is.

7 is a column provided perpendicular to the bed 1 and inclined with respect to the vertical. 8 is a tool stand held on this column 7 so as to be slidable in the X-axis direction perpendicular to the Z-axis;
It is connected to an X-axis drive (not shown) consisting of an axis servo motor and ball screw means. Reference numeral 9 denotes a Y-axis slide which is held slidably in the Y-axis direction perpendicular to the Y-axis and the Z-axis with respect to the tool stand 8, and a Y-axis drive device (Fig. (not shown) are connected. 10 is a tool spindle head held by the Y-axis slide 9;
It is held rotatably in the direction shown by arrow B around the shaft. A B-axis side-out mechanism (not shown) is connected to the tool spindle head 10 for indexing the tool spindle head IO to a predetermined angular position. Further, the tool spindle head 10 rotatably holds a tool spindle 11 having an axis extending perpendicularly to the Y axis.

The tool spindle 11 is configured to hold a tool 12. Reference numeral 13 is a motor spindle for rotating the tool spindle 11. Additionally, a locking mechanism is built into the sole spindle head 10 to stop the tool spindle 11 in order to use a fixed tool.

With the above configuration, the lathes of the two embodiments are capable of performing various complex machining operations on a workpiece. That is, by using a fixed tool such as a cutting tool as the tool 12 and rotating a work spindle holding a work at high speed.

By using a rotary tool as the tool 12 and indexing the work spindle to a predetermined position by the C-axis side-out mechanism, milling,
Drilling etc. can be performed. Furthermore, the workpiece can be moved in the Z-axis direction and taken out on the C-axis side.

Since the tool can move in the Y-axis and Y-axis directions, and can be moved to the B-axis side, processing of complex shapes can be easily performed.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 15 denotes a tool magazine provided above the column 7, and in this embodiment, the tool magazines are endless and stacked in two stages. The tool magazine 15 stores various tools such as an outer diameter cutting tool and a single rotation tool. The various tools used here are all equipped with the same tapered shank so that they can be mounted on a single tool spindle 11. 16 is tool magazine 15
17 is an automatic tool changer placed at a predetermined position of A.
It is a TC arm. This ATC arm 17 is rotatable around an axis parallel to the axis of the tool held in the tool magazine at the tool exchange position and movable in the axial direction, and the tool spindle head 17 is moved to the tool exchange position.
and a tool held in the tool magazine 15 at the same time.

Move forward, pull out both tools, turn 180 degrees, then move back and pull each tool out of the tool spindle head 1.
0 and a tool magazine to perform tool exchange.

In the lathe configured as described above, the tool stand 8 is raised along the column 7, positioned near the tool magazine 15, and the tool spindle head IO is indexed so that the tool spindle 11 is horizontal.

The tool spindle rad 10 becomes the tool changing position.

At this position, the tool in the tool magazine 15 can be replaced by the ATC arm, and any tool can be held on the tool spindle 11.

Next, a device for mounting a workpiece onto the headstock 3 will be described.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the inside of the headstock 3, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing the main parts thereof. In the figure, 20 is a headstock main body, and 21 is a work spindle rotatably held by this headstock main body 20. Work spindle 21
has a spindle body 22 and a coupling member 23 fixed to the tip thereof, and the tip surface of the coupling member 23 is a coupling surface 23A.

A clamp member 24 is held on the work spindle 21 so as to be movable in the axial direction but not rotatable.

It has a guide portion 24A located at the tip and a shaft portion 24B passing through the work spindle. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the shapes of the compiling surface 23A, the guide portion 24A, and the pallet 4. As shown in FIG. The pallet 4 has an annular coupling surface 4A and an engagement groove 4B parallel to the coupling surface 4A on the back side of the work mounting surface.
A plurality of (four in the embodiment) positioning V-grooves 4C are formed in the groove. The guide portion 24A of the clamp member 24 has a shape that engages with the engagement groove 4B of the pallet 4, and the coupling surface 23A of the coupling member 23 has a shape that engages with the coupling surface 4A of the pallet 48 surface. A positioning V protrusion 23C is provided at a position corresponding to the positioning V groove 4C. Thus, with the guide portion 24A of the clamp member 24 protruding forward from the work spindle 21, the pallet is moved in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the work spindle 21, and the engagement groove 4B of the pallet 4 is fitted into the guide portion 24A. Then, by retracting the clamp member 24 in the axial direction of the work spindle 21,
Coupling surface 4A of pallet 4 is work spindle 2
1, and the pallet 4 is fixed to the tip of the work spindle 21. Moreover, by this reverse operation, it is possible to remove the pallet 4 from the work spindle 21. Here, since a plurality of V grooves and V protrusions are provided on the annular surface as the compling surfaces that engage with each other, the engagement of the V grooves and V protrusions allows the burr 7) to be attached to the work spindle with extremely high precision. Can be fixed.

In FIGS. 2 and 3, 25 is a hydraulic cylinder for moving the clamp member 24 in the axial direction with respect to the work spindle 21, and 26 is a piston provided on the shaft portion 24B of the clamp member 24. 27 is a clamp member 24
This is a detection rod that is disposed movably in the axial direction inside the pallet 4, and is biased by a spring 28 so that its tip protrudes from the guide portion 24A, and when the pallet 4 is installed in a predetermined position, The tip is indentation 4D on the back of pallet 4 (
(See Figure 4). 29i detection rod 2
A limit switch 30.31 detects the position of the clamp member 24, and a limit switch 30.31 detects the position of the clamp member 24.

In FIG. 2, 33.34 is a gear provided on the work spindle 21, 35 is an intermediate shaft, and 36.37 is an intermediate shaft 3.
Gear movably provided at 5 (movement means not shown)
, 3B is a gear meshing with the gear 37, and 39 is a turning drive motor holding a gear 38. When either of the gears 36 and 37 is engaged with the gears 33 and 34, the work spindle 21 can be rotated at high speed for turning by the drive motor 39. 41 is a bevel gear provided on the work spindle 21, 42 is a gear that meshes with the bevel gear 41, 43 is a C-axis servo motor that drives the gear 42, 44 is a C-axis servo motor 43 holding gear 42, etc.;
a gearbox movable relative to the headstock body 20, 45;
is a hydraulic cylinder that moves the gearbox 44.

When the gear box is moved by this hydraulic cylinder 45 and the gear 42 is engaged with the bevel gear 41, the C-axis servo morph 43 is activated.

The work spindle 21 can be indexed and rotated at a predetermined angle. Note that 46 is an encoder for detecting the angular position of the work spindle 21.

In FIG. 1, 50 is a work table, and 51 is a work bench. The workbench 51 includes a tilting table 52 that can pivot about an axis that is perpendicular to and horizontal to the work spindle axis of the headstock 3, and an air cylinder 53 that rotates the tilting table 52.

The tilting table 52 is configured to pivot between a horizontal position where one surface 52A thereof is flush with the work table 50 and a vertical position where the tilting table 52 is vertical as shown in FIG. FIG. 5 shows a cross section of the tilting table 52, and FIG. 6 shows a front view of a part of the tilting table 52.
56 is a support shaft that rotatably holds the tilting table 52, and 56 is a piston rod of an air cylinder 53 that rotates the tilting table 52. 57 is
It is a rotating shaft rotatably held about an axis perpendicular to the surface 52A of the tilting table 52, and is provided with a coupling member 58 at the tip. This coupling member 58 is connected to the compression surface 23 of the work spindle 21.
It has a coupling surface 58A having the same shape as A, and a positioning V-groove 58C is formed in this coupling surface 58A. Reference numeral 60 denotes a clamp member, which includes a guide portion 60A that engages with the engagement groove of the pallet 4 and a shaft portion 6 that holds the guide portion 60A.
It consists of 0B. 61, the clamp member 6o is connected to the rotating shaft 5
7 in the axial direction.

In this workbench 51 as well, by engaging the engagement groove of the pallet 4 with the guide portion 60A of the clamp member 60 and pulling the clamp member 60 onto the rotating shaft 57 with the hydraulic cylinder 61, the coupling surface 4A of the pallet 4 and By engaging the coupling surface 58A of the rotating shaft 57, the pallet 4 can be accurately centered and held with respect to the rotating shaft 57.

In FIG. 5, 63 is a detection rod for detecting attachment of the two pallets 4, 64 is a riminotosinch for detecting the position of the detection rod 63, 65.66 is a limit switch for detecting the position of the clamp member 60, and 67 is a rotation A rotation stop pin that prevents rotation of the shaft 57; 68 is a hydraulic cylinder; 69 is a limit switch for detecting the position of the rotation stop pin 67;

In FIG. 1, 71 is a pallet magazine arranged between the headstock 3 and the workbench 51. As shown in FIG. 7, this pallet magazine 71 has a plurality of pallet holding plates 72 connected by an endless chain 73, each having a guide portion 72A that engages with the engagement groove of the pallet 4 and holds the barre 7). , this endless chain 73 is held by chain wheels 74 arranged above and below. The guide portion 72A of the pallet holding plate 72 has an endless chain 73.
5 Therefore, by engaging the pallet 4 laterally with the guide portion 72A, the pallet 4 is held, and by moving the pallet 4 laterally from the guide portion 72A, the pallet 7) can be removed. The position indicated by the symbol P in FIG. 7 is the pallet transfer position where the pallet is attached to and removed from the pallet holding plate 72. Behind the pallet holding plate 72 at that position, there are pins 75 for positioning the pallet holding plate 72 and A pin drive cylinder 76 is arranged.

Figure 8 shows 1 workbench 51. Pallet magazine 71. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of these as seen in the Z-axis direction to explain pallet transfer between the headstocks 3. FIG. A guide rail 80 is disposed between the second workbench 51 and the pallet magazine 71, and guides the pallet by engaging with the engagement groove of the pallet 4.
This guide rail is disposed between the pallet magazine 71 and the headstock 3, and engages with the engagement groove of the pallet 4 to guide the pallet. As can be clearly seen from Figure 8, 1 work 5
1 guide section 60 people, guide rail 80. Guide portion 72A of pallet magazine 71, guide rail 81. The guide portions 24A of the headstock 1 can be arranged horizontally and linearly, and by moving the pallet 4 horizontally in this state, the pallet can be transferred. Note that the guide rail 81 can be turned to a vertical state shown by a two-dot chain line alA so as not to interfere with movement of the headstock 3 in the Z-axis direction.

83 is a first pallet transfer device that transfers the pallet 4 between the second workbench 51 and the pallet magazine 71. The first pallet transfer device 83 includes a support shaft 84 that is rotatably provided nine times, a swing arm 85 attached to the support shaft 84, and a drive arm 86 fixed to the support shaft 84.
It has a first cylinder 87 connected to the drive arm 86 and a second cylinder 88 arranged so as to press the contact surface 86A of the drive arm 86. The first cylinder 87 acts to swing the swing arm 85 between positions 85A and 85B indicated by two-dot chain lines. Position 85A is the standby position and 2
The pallet 4 is held on the rotating shaft 57 of the workbench 51, and with the work mounted on the pallet 4, the rotating shaft is set horizontally.
This is a position that does not interfere with pallets or workpieces when rotating and checking dynamic balance. No. Niji Linda 88
acts to cause the drive arm 86 to pivot slightly to pivot the pivot arm 85 to the position shown by the solid line when the pivot arm 85 is in position 85A. As shown in FIG. 9, the swing arm 85 has a pin 89 at its tip, while the pallet 4 has hooks 90 at both ends. Therefore,
Swivel arm 8 with pin 89 engaged with hook 90
By rotating the pallet 5, the pallet 4 can be moved horizontally. In order to engage the pin 89 of the swing arm 85 with the hook 90 of the pallet 4, a cylinder (not shown) is provided that reciprocates the support shaft 84 supporting the swing arm 85 in the axial direction.

In FIG. 8, 92 is a second pallet transfer device that transfers a pallet between the pallet magazine 71 and the headstock 3. This second pallet transfer device 92 is a pallet 4
It has a two-stage cylinder 94 having a hook 93 that engages with a hook 90 of the cylinder. This two-stage cylinder 94 has the hook 93 in a standby position indicated by two points t)kvA93A, and a solid line and a two-dot chain! The pallet can be moved to the pallet transfer position shown by 93B. Figure 10 shows the hook 90 of pallet 4.
This shows the relationship between this and the hook 93 of the second pallet transfer device 92. By moving the pallet 4 from the state shown in FIG. 9, the hooks 93 and 90 can be engaged.

Next, the workpiece mounting operation in the above apparatus will be explained.

In FIG. 1, the tilting table 52 of a workbench 51 is set horizontally, and a workpiece is manually mounted on a pallet 4 held at the tip of a rotating shaft 57. At this time, while rotating the one-rotation shaft 57, the deflection of the attached workpiece is measured and the eccentricity is adjusted, thereby making it possible to accurately center the workpiece on the pallet 4 and attach it.

After the installation of the workpiece is completed, the tilting table 52 is vertically rotated, and the rotation axis 57 is horizontally rotated, so that the pallet 4
Let be vertical. If necessary, rotate the pallet 4 in this state and check the dynamic balance.

The rotation angle of the first rotation shaft 57 is adjusted so that the guide portion 60A engaged with the engagement groove 4B of the pallet 4 becomes horizontal as shown in FIG. Fix the shaft 57.

Next, the clamp member 60 is moved to the right in FIG. As a result, the pallet 4 is separated from the coupling surface 58A and is held only by the guide portion 60A of the clamp member 60. By sliding it horizontally, the pallet 4 can be removed. The swing arm 85 was waiting at the position indicated by the dotted chain line 85A.

Due to the operation of the second cylinder 88, the second cylinder 88 swings 9 to the position shown by the solid line, and then the support shaft 84 moves in the axial direction, causing the pin 89 at the tip of the swing arm 85 to engage with the hook 90 of the pallet 4. Thereafter, the first cylinder 87 operates to swing the swing arm 85 to the position shown by the two-dot chain line 85B, and move the pallet 4 horizontally to the right. As a result, the pallet 4 passes through the guide rail 80 into the pallet magazine 7.
It engages with the guide portion 72A of the pallet holding plate 72 of No. 1 and is held. After that, the endless chain 73 of the pallet magazine 71 moves to move the held pallet 4 upwards or downwards, so that the pallet with the workpiece attached can be mounted in the pallet magazine on the nine workbench 51.

Also, by performing two or more operations in reverse, the pallet holding the processed workpiece can be transferred from the pallet magazine to the workbench 51. By repeating one or more operations, the pallet holding the processed workpiece can be transferred from the pallet magazine to the workbench 51. are temporarily stored in the pallet magazine 71.

Next, a pallet transfer operation between the headstock 3 and the pallet magazine 71 will be explained. In FIG. 1, when the desired machining of the workpiece is completed, the table 2 is moved in two axial directions, the headstock 3 is returned to the reference position, and the guide portion 24A of the clamp member 24 is moved as shown in FIG. Index the work spindle 21 so that it is horizontal. Next, 2
The stage cylinder 94 is operated to move the hook 93 from the standby position 93A to the solid line position.

In this state, the clamp member 24 held on the work spindle 21 is moved forward in the right direction in FIG. This results in
The pallet 4 is the compacting surface 2 of the work spindle 21.
3A, and is held only by the guide portion 24A of the clamp member 24, and at the same time, the hook 90 of the pallet 4 engages with the hook 93. Thereafter, the guide rail 81 is turned from the two-dot chain line position 81A to the solid line position. As a result, the guide portion 24A holding the pallet 4
The guide rails 81 are arranged in a straight line.

In parallel with this, an empty pallet in the pallet magazine 71 -
By positioning the holding plate 72 at the pallet transfer position P, the guide portions 72A of the pallet holding plate 72 are also aligned in a straight line. Thereafter, the two-stage cylinder 94 operates to push the pallet 4 horizontally, so that the pallet 4 passes through the guide rail 8 and is held on the pallet holding plate 72 of the pallet magazine 71. Next, the hook 93 is removed from the hook 93 of the pallet 4 by rotating the chain wheel 74 of the pallet magazine 71 and moving the pallet holding plate up or down.

Next, to attach a new pallet 4 to the headstock 3,
With the hook 93 positioned at the position indicated by the two-dot M line 93B, the chain wheel 74 of the pallet magazine 71 is rotated to move the desired pallet 4 to the transfer position P. This action causes the hook 90 of the pallet 4 to
3. Thereafter, by moving the hook 93 to the right in FIG. 8 to the position shown by the solid line using the two-stage cylinder 94, the pallet 4 is held by the guide portion 24A of the clamp member 24 via the guide rail 81. After that, when the clamp member 24 is retracted from the work spindle 21, the pallet 4 is pressed toward the work spindle 21, and the clamping surface 4A on the back side of the pallet 4 is pressed against the work spindle 21.
Due to the engagement between the workpiece spindle 21 and the compressing surface 23A of the workpiece spindle 21, it is accurately centered and held on the workpiece spindle 21.

Thereafter, by retracting the hook 93 to the standby position shown by the two-dot chain line 93A, the workpiece mounting operation on the workpiece spindle 21 is completed.6 Thus, the workpieces mounted on the workpiece spindle 21 via the pallet.

It is centered very precisely with respect to the work spindle 21.

In the above embodiment, one workbench 51 is provided with a tilting table 52, and this tilting table 52 holds a rotating shaft 57, so that the pallet held by four rotating shafts 57 can be moved from a vertical position for pallet transfer. Although the present invention is configured to be in a horizontal state, the present invention is not necessarily limited to this configuration.9 When transferring a pallet in a vertical state as shown in FIG. Installed so that it is parallel to the

The workpiece may be attached to the pallet while the pallet is vertical. However, with the configuration of the first embodiment shown, it is sufficient to mount the workpieces on a horizontal pallet, which provides the advantage that the workpieces can be easily mounted.

In addition, in the above embodiment, as can be clearly seen from FIG.
At one position P of the pallet magazine 71.

Although it is possible to transfer a pallet to both the headstock 3 and the workbench 51, the configuration is not necessarily limited to this configuration. However, it may be configured differently.

If the pallet is transferred at the same position as in the illustrated embodiment, the pallet holding plate 7 in the pallet magazine
20. The advantage is that the positioning mechanism becomes simple and the overall space can be reduced.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the rotating arm 8 is used to transfer the pallet.
Although the five- and two-stage cylinders 94 are used, it goes without saying that these can be changed as appropriate.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, the lathe of the present invention adopts a pallet to hold a workpiece on the workpiece spindle of the headstock, so that regardless of the type of workpiece, a pallet of the same shape can be attached to and removed from the workpiece spindle. In addition, the mechanism for this purpose can be simplified, and works of various shapes can be easily and automatically attached and detached. Moreover, the workbench used to attach the workpiece to the pallet is equipped with a rotating shaft that holds the pallet in the same form as a workpiece spindle, so the pallet can be attached to this rotating shaft and centered accurately with respect to the rotational axis. By attaching the work so that the pallet comes out, when the pallet is attached to the work spindle,
The workpiece spindle is automatically and accurately centered, and the workpiece can be mounted while being accurately centered on the workpiece spindle.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a multi-tasking lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view of its headstock, Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the main parts of the headstock, and Fig. 4 is a headstock. 5 is a sectional view of the tilting table of the workbench, FIG. 6 is a front view of a part of the tilting table, FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of the pallet magazine, and FIG. The figure shows 2 workbenches 51. Z the pallet magazine 71 and headstock 3
Schematic diagrams viewed in the axial direction, FIG. 9 is a view taken along the line IX-IX in FIG. 8, and FIG. 10 is a view taken along the line xx--x in FIG. 8. 1... - Bed 2... Table 3... Headstock 4... Pallet 4A... Coupling surface 4B...
---Engagement groove 4C--V groove for positioning 5--Tailstock 7
-・Column 8・-Tool stand 9...-Y-axis slide 1
0... Tool spindle head 11-- Tool spindle 12-... Tool 15... Tool magazine 21
--- Work spindle 22 --- Work spindle body 23 --- Coupling member 23 A- Coupling surface 24 --- Clamp member 24A --- Guide portion 3
9...-Turning motor 43-...-C-axis servo motor 5
0-...Work table 51...Work table 52...-
Tilting table 57... Rotating shaft 58...
・Coupling member 58A...Coupling surface 6
0--Clamp member 60A--Guide portion 71--
・Pallet magazine 72...Pallet holding plate 72A
...-Guide part 73--Endless chain 74--Chain wheel 80--Guide rail 81--
・Guide rail 83-・First pallet transfer device 85-
・Swivel arm 90...-Hook 92--Second pallet transfer device 93...-Hook 94--Two-stage cylinder agent Patent attorney Kyo Matsu 33...-Raw glaze ZJ Fang 2 Figure 4--Barrette Figure 4 Procedural Dispute Manual (Spontaneous) April 7, 1986 Commissioner of the Patent Office Kuro 1) Akio Tono 1, Indication of the Case 1988 Patent Application No. 42824 2, Invention Name Lathe 3 that can automatically mount workpieces, relationship with the case of person making corrections Patent applicant address 1-18-16 Shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo Name Tsugami Co., Ltd. (Representative) Umeo Oyama 4; Agent ■116 6. Subject of amendment Column 7 of detailed explanation of the invention in the specification, Contents of amendment As shown in the attached sheet (1) "From hook 93 of pallet 4" on page 24, line 3 of the specification is changed to "from hook 93 of pallet 4" From the hook 90 of pallet 4.''

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A workpiece holding pallet with a coupling surface and an engagement groove parallel to the coupling surface on the back surface, a workpiece spindle with a coupling surface on the tip that engages with the coupling surface of the pallet, and the workpiece spindle. a clamping member located at the tip of the pallet, including a guide portion that engages with an engagement groove of the pallet, and movable in the axial direction with respect to the work spindle; and a drive device that rotates the work spindle at high speed for turning. a headstock having a headstock; a rotating shaft rotatably provided with a coupling surface that engages with the coupling surface of the pallet at its tip; and an engagement groove of the pallet located at the tip of the rotating shaft; a workbench comprising a guide portion that engages with the rotating shaft and a clamp member that is movable in the axial direction with respect to the rotating shaft; and a workbench that is disposed between the headstock and the workbench and holds a large number of pallets. A lathe that can automatically load a workpiece, and includes a pallet magazine and a pallet transfer device that transfers pallets between the workbench and the pallet magazine and between the pallet magazine and the headstock. (2) The rotation axis of the workbench is arranged parallel to the work spindle of the headstock, and the pallet magazine includes a plurality of pallet holding plates that engage with engagement grooves of the pallet and hold the pallet. Claim 1, characterized in that one of the pallet holding plates is located in a straight line between the guide part of the clamp member of the headstock and the guide part of the clamp member of the workbench. A lathe that can automatically mount a workpiece as described in section. (3) The workbench has a tilting table that rotatably holds the rotating shaft, and the tilting table is rotatable about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft. A lathe capable of automatically mounting a workpiece according to claim 1.