JPS63209532A - Creation of transfer constructed coral reef - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] This invention is a method for creating artificial coral reefs around beaches and promenades at seashores, marine parks, etc., developed as part of marine tourism projects. It is related to.

Among the leisure industries to be developed in the future, marine tourism is one that deserves particular attention, and there is growing interest in the development of beaches and marine parks, especially in areas adjacent to the ocean with clean water. . One of the challenges when developing marine facilities such as beaches and marine parks is that in order to provide a view of the coral reefs in the clear sea from the beaches and marine promenades where many people take walks, it is necessary to One possibility is to create artificial coral reefs.

[Conventional technology]

There are two types of coral: reef-building corals that form reefs, and deep-sea corals that live in the deep sea and are used as materials for decorative items.
Reef-building corals are targeted in marine tourism development. Corals are coelenterates closely related to sea anemones, and at night they use their tentacles to prey on underwater blanks, and during the day they replenish nutrients from algae that live symbiotically within their bodies. That is, the N species utilize coral excreta for photosynthesis using solar energy, and corals grow by absorbing oxygen and synthetic nutrients released by algae during photosynthetic activity. Therefore, reef-building corals are grown in waters that are oligotrophic and have low sunlight transmittance, that is, transparency, such as Okinawa in Japan and areas adjacent thereto.

One possible method for artificially propagating corals is to propagate floating coral larvae, which have been fertilized in the body or in the sea and then settled on solid rock. However, this method of artificially growing and multiplying corals from the larval stage is difficult to achieve in a very suitable natural environment, which is oligotrophic and transparent as described above, and has relatively strong waves and water currents. This can be said to be practically difficult as it requires management under the sea, which is blessed with a favorable environment.

On the other hand, in view of the difficulty of growing corals from the larval stage through artificial management, conventional efforts have been made to transplant corals that have grown to a certain extent onto bedrock on which other coral colonies have grown. being done.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, in this transplantation method, corals of the same type may coalesce and grow as a single coral colony, but most corals are genetically different, so even if you take the trouble to transplant them, it will not work. In many cases, corals do not adhere to each other, and especially when corals of different types are attacked, most of them die due to attacks from stronger types of corals. Therefore, this method also has the problem of not being very promising as a means of artificially propagating coral reefs.

For these reasons, the conventional challenge of trying to propagate corals has been to eliminate organisms that are harmful to their growth in areas where corals have died due to damage from natural enemies such as A. There is no concrete way to propagate corals other than by creating environmental conditions that allow corals to naturally proliferate, such as by preventing household and industrial wastewater from flowing into these waters. was the reality. Of course, under these circumstances, even if the development of a marine park were planned, it would be impossible to simply create an artificial coral reef in such a facility.

[Means for solving problems]

The present inventor aims to solve the conventional difficulty of coral proliferation and to find a way to artificially create coral reefs in facilities such as underwater parks that are developed as part of marine tourism projects. As a result of working on the question of whether this is possible, we found the following concrete solution.

In this solution, the proliferation of coral larvae from the epiphytic growth stage to the full growth stage on rocks etc. is carried out in a natural environment suitable for coral proliferation in deep offshore waters away from the coast. The premise is that coral reefs grown offshore will be relocated to marine park facilities adjacent to the coast.

In order to make the relocation of coral reefs as easy as possible, the present invention first lays a large number of fixed reef blocks in the sea under an environment favorable for coral growth, and then places coral reefs on the outside. A block-shaped movable reef has a slope suitable for the larvae to settle and grow, and has a recess on the inside that is removably fitted into the fixed magnetic soil. In addition, after corals are grown and cultivated on the surface of each of these mobile reefs, the mobile reefs on which the corals have grown are removed from the fixed reefs and relocated to the sea in various underwater scenery facilities for tourism and other facilities to create artificial artificial reefs. It is characterized by the construction of coral reefs.

In addition, in this invention, it is preferable to use an umbrella-shaped concrete block with a hollow interior and a hanging hook protruding from the top end as a mobile reef for growing coral. In addition, fixed reefs to be laid in advance in the sea include wave-dissipating reefs or shore protection reefs with leg-like protrusions that can hold the above-mentioned umbrella-shaped movable reefs stably in the sea when fitted. It is recommended to use concrete blocks.

[Effect]

Coral is already breeding on the seabed, and a large number of fixed reefs are installed in the sea where it is thought to be suitable for coral proliferation.
A movable reef is fitted to these fixed magnetic soils. By fitting the movable reef to the fixed magnetic soil in this manner, it is possible to install the movable reef so that it will not easily fall over or move due to the flow of seawater.

Coral larvae settle stably on the sloping surface of each mobile reef, and when these corals have grown sufficiently after a predetermined period of time, these mobile reefs are lifted one by one onto a ship from the sea. The hoisted mobile reef will be transported by ship to a designated underwater landscape facility and placed in the sea, such as around a marine promenade, to construct an artificial coral reef.

This mobile reef has an umbrella-shaped interior, so it is lightweight as a whole, and can be easily lowered into the sea, lifted onto a ship, or installed at an underwater scenic facility.

If corals on a mobile reef placed in an underwater landscape facility become weakened due to being placed in a different seawater environment, the mobile reef will be brought back on board and returned to the sea in the original cultivation area. Try to revitalize.

〔Example〕

Next, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. Fig. 1 shows a concrete wave-dissipating block commonly called Tetrabod (registered trademark) having a plurality of leg-like protrusions 2 as a fixed reef l. An example is shown in which a movable reef 3 is placed on the fixed reef 1. It is desirable that the movable fR3 to be installed on the fixed reef l satisfies the following conditions.

(1) The external shape is similar to that of a natural coral reef.

(2) It can be easily attached and detached from the fixed reef 1, and it can maintain a stable posture by waves and seawater currents while attached to the fixed reef l.

(3) The surface must have an inclination that allows coral larvae floating in the sea to easily settle on it, and that it is difficult for them to separate during the growth stage after settling, and to efficiently receive the sunlight that passes through it.

(4) Overall, it should not be very heavy compared to its size, be easily movable, and have enough strength that it will not break even if it is moved repeatedly.

A specific shape of the mobile reef 3 that satisfies these conditions is, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, it has a conical inclined surface 4 on the outside and a fixed reef l on the inside. An umbrella-shaped concrete block is preferably provided with a recess 5 that fits into the leg-like protrusion 2 of the block and has a flat top end 6 at the top.

In addition, the sloping outer circumferential surface 4 of the mobile reef 3 is designed to prevent coral larvae floating in the sea from easily slipping off even if they settle on the surface.
It is desirable that the surface be a rough surface resembling a natural rock surface with continuous small uneven surfaces, or that a large number of horizontal grooves 9 be carved on the surface as shown in FIG.

Furthermore, one or more hanging hooks 7 are attached to the top end 6 in advance. Further, the height 11 of the movable reef 3 is set to such a length that the length h of one leg-shaped protrusion 2 on the fixed reef 1 is inserted sufficiently deeply into the interior.

The size of the movable reef 3 also varies depending on the size of the fixed reef 1, but by the way, the size of the movable reef 3 is the same as the movable fa3 that should be prepared when a 32-type tetrabod wave-dissipating block is used as the fixed reef 1.
As for the size, the length h of the leg-like protrusion 2 in the fixed reef block is 1720 mm, the height H of the movement @ 3 is about 2200 mm, the diameter of the upper end is about 3200 mm,
The diameter of the top end D2 is approximately 1l10Os, and the weight is approximately 100 kg.

The size of the mobile reef 3 is determined as described above, taking into account the stability when installed in the sea, the working conditions for movement, and the landscape when placed in an underwater landscape facility. Preferably, it has a certain size and weight.

In the above embodiments, the mobile reef is made of concrete, but it is not necessarily limited to concrete, and may be made of synthetic resin such as FRP.

The use of a concrete wave-dissipating block having leg-like protrusions 2 as described above as the fixed reef 1 provides good stability against waves in the sea, and the use of an umbrella-shaped hollow movable reef 3
It is convenient for holding the 7 removably and stably.

To propagate coral, C first places a fixed reef l in the sea with conditions suitable for coral growth. The seawater conditions conducive to the growth and cultivation of corals are, first of all, the presence of natural corals living nearby. That is, in order for corals to proliferate, natural corals need to be able to inhabit plankton that is easy to capture, and coral larvae born from grown corals need to be able to move easily with water currents. Therefore, for such a place, the water temperature is approximately 18 to 36 °ζ, the sea water is flowing at a speed of about 20 to 30 c111/sec, it is a sea area with relatively high waves, and the convergence of waves causes the sea water to The condition is that the sea area is easily disturbed. In addition, such a location is suitable for coral growth because it is an environment that is not preferred by crown-of-thorns starfish, which is a natural enemy of coral.

Furthermore, in order for 41-coral to grow, algae that coexist with the coral must be able to carry out photosynthetic activity, so the light transmittance of seawater, that is, the transparency of seawater, is also an important environmental factor.

The deeper the coral habitat, the greater the need for transparency, but it is generally said that a transparency of 25 meters or more is required.

After the fixed reefs 1 as described above are laid in the sea with such environmental conditions, the movable reefs 3 are suspended from the ship and installed on the leg-like protrusions 21 of each fixed reef 1. The installed mobile reef 3 is firmly and stably held on the fixed reef 1 via the inner recess 5, so it will not separate from the fixed reef 1 unless it is subjected to an extremely strong water current.

In this way, if coral larvae are attached and grown on the moving reef 3 and left to reach 2 to 4 culms, corals 8 that have grown on the surface of the moving reef 3 can be cultivated as shown in Fig. 5. . When the corals 8 on the mobile reefs 3 have grown, each mobile reef 3 is lifted onto Qi), and transported without damaging the corals to a facility installed in an existing marine park, where they can be placed on the shore or on a marine promenade. around it, as if there were a natural coral reef. Since sea areas adjacent to such coasts are often not originally suitable for coral growth, corals may weaken from the placed mobile reefs 3. Therefore, we constantly observe the underwater world to check the living conditions of corals, and if there are any corals that have weakened, we pull up the mobile reef 3 in that area and return it to the cultivation area where the fixed reef 1 was installed. Aim to revitalize corals.

By periodically moving the mobile reef 3 between the coral cultivation area and the underwater landscape facility in this manner, it becomes possible to create an artificial coral reef in such a facility.

In the embodiment described above, a wave-dissipating block is used as the fixed reef 1, and the movable reef 3 is conical. However, according to the spirit of the present invention, the movable reef does not necessarily have to be conical. Furthermore, the fixed reef 1 is not limited to having the leg-shaped protrusion 2 that always faces upward. FIGS. 6 to 8 show such other embodiments.

In this other embodiment, the fixed reef 11 is a planar foot protection block that does not have an L-oriented leg-like protrusion, while the movable reef 13 is a fixed reef block with this flat shape fixed to the inner four parts 15. It has a shape that envelops the entirety of Reef 11.

In addition, in this embodiment, the shape of the fixed reef 11 is the eighth.
As shown in the figure, since the four protrusions 12 are horizontally protruded from the center, it is convenient for the movable reef 13 to have the slope 14 wrap around the entire fixed reef 11. The entire structure is shaped like a pyramid. The moving reef 13 in this case also has a flat top end 16 with a hook 17 at the top.

In the movable reef 13 of this embodiment, a gap 19 is formed between the upper part of the inner four parts 15 and the fixed reef 11, and a large amount of seawater enters this part, and in the case of a rapid current, the fixed reef 11 is moved by the -L lifting force. Since there is a risk of drainage coming out, it is desirable to provide a drainage hole 20 in the top end 16.

〔effect〕

As described above, according to the present invention, coral reefs, which were originally thought to be impossible to grow and cultivate in sea areas adjacent to the coast, can be moved into marine parks where many people gather by using mobile reefs. It can be easily relocated and rebuilt, and coral reefs that can normally only be seen offshore can be viewed up close from the coast, making it possible to provide high-value-added facilities as part of marine tourism development projects. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a moving reef used in the coral reef construction method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view thereof, and FIG.
The figure is a cross-sectional view of a moving reef placed on fixed magnetic soil.
FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the surface of the moving reef, FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the moving reef with coral grown on its surface, FIG. 6 is a plan view of the moving reef in another embodiment, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a sectional view thereof, and FIG. 8 is a plan view of a fixed reef for holding this mobile reef. 1.11: Fixed reef, 2: Leg-like protrusion, 3, +3: Mobile reef, 4. +4: Inclined surface, 5.15: Recessed part,
6.16: Top, 7.17: Hook, 8: Coral.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A large number of block-shaped fixed reefs are laid in the sea in an environment favorable for coral growth, and the outside has a slope suitable for coral larvae to settle and grow, and the inside has a slope suitable for coral larvae to settle and grow. block-shaped movable reefs having recesses that are removably fitted onto the reefs are fitted and arranged on the fixed reefs, respectively;
After growing and cultivating coral on the surface of each mobile reef, the mobile reef on which the corals have grown is removed from the fixed reef,
A method for creating a relocated coral reef, which is characterized by relocating various underwater landscape facilities for tourism into the sea. (2) The method for creating a relocated coral reef according to claim 1, which uses an umbrella-shaped concrete block with a hook protruding from the top end as the mobile reef. (3) A method for creating a relocated coral reef according to claim 1, which uses a wave-dissipating block as a fixed reef.