JPS6320029A - Reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enlarge the allowable range of space velocity in a contact catalystic reaction by flowing a gas from the upper position to the downward through catalyst layer to carry out exothermic reaction and by bringing the outer periphery of a reaction pipe and the inner periphery of a center pipe into contact with pressurized water of saturated temperature. CONSTITUTION:The water flowing upward through the center pipe 2 from a water room 4 is heated to generate water vapor by the heat which is generated by the contact catalystic reaction carried out in the outside periphery of the center pipe and transfered through the pipe wall, and flowed out in a mixed flow of water and vapor from a nozzle 6 of the top end of the center pipe 2. the outer periphery of the reaction pipe 1 is also brought into contact with water, and the vapor is generated by the reaction heat transfered through the pipe wall of the reaction pipe 1. This reaction pipe 1 has a high heat transfer coefficient and the generated heat is changed to the latent heat of evaporation and the temp. is kept constant thereby, and the temp. difference DELTAT between the reaction temp. of catalyst layer and the fluid temp. of the center pipe id kept in a specific condition.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a double tube reactor, particularly a double tube reactor for methanol synthesis.

[Conventional technology]

The present inventors have previously proposed a double tube type exothermic reactor in Japanese Patent Application No. 59-080053 and others, and the present invention provides a reactor that is further improved.

In the double-tube exothermic reactor already proposed by the present inventors, the center tube is located inside the reaction tube, and the space composed of the inner circumference of the reaction tube and the outer circumference of the center tube is filled with catalyst in an annular column shape, and the reaction takes place. Pressurized water at saturated temperature is placed on the outer circumference of the tube, and unreacted gas is placed on the inner circumference of the center tube, and reaction heat is transferred to the water side and unreacted gas side through the tube wall to keep the reaction temperature within the appropriate condition range. It consists of a maintained configuration. In other words, the heat of reaction is transferred to the water outside the reaction tube to provide latent heat of vaporization, thereby generating water vapor, which is used as a power source, etc., and also imparts a portion of the heat of reaction to the unreacted gas in the center tube. The temperature of the gas is raised to conditions suitable for the catalytic reaction.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, the amount of steam consumed in a methanol synthesis plant is large, and although several waste heat boilers are installed, if the amount of steam required is greater than the amount of by-product steam, steam must be supplied from a boiler outside the plant. The problem is that it does not give the desired results.

〔the purpose〕

The object of the present invention is to provide a reactor that solves the above problems, and specifically, the present invention provides a reactor that meets the same conditions as that in the center tube of a double tube exothermic reactor and in contact with the outer periphery of the reaction tube. The present invention aims to provide a reactor in which the amount of plant by-product steam is increased by placing pressurized water at a saturation temperature and generating steam even in the central tube.

[Means for solving problems]

That is, in the present invention, a central tube is located at the center of a plurality of reaction tubes, an annular space surrounded by the reaction tubes and the central tube is used as a particulate catalyst filling part, and gas is caused to flow through the catalyst layer from above to below. A reactor characterized in that the outer periphery of the reaction tube and the inner periphery of the center tube are brought into contact with pressurized water at a saturated temperature, and the heat of reaction is used as the latent heat of vaporization of water to generate water vapor. be.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged detailed view of the upper part of the center tube in FIG.

The reactor of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2,
A central tube 2 is located at the center of the reaction tube 1, and a space formed by the reaction tube 1 and the central tube 2 is filled with granular catalyst 3. A water chamber 4 is located at the bottom of the reactor, and the water chamber 4 and the central tube 2 are connected by a connecting tube 5, and a nozzle 6 provided at the upper end of the central tube 2 is inserted through a hole in the wall of the reaction tube 1. and connect it inside the shelf.

The water rising from the water chamber 4 rises in the center tube 2 and generates water vapor by the contact reaction heat on the outer periphery of the center tube 2, which is caused by heat transfer through the tube wall of the center tube 2, and mixes water and steam. The water flows out from a nozzle 6 at the upper end of the central tube 2.

Furthermore, water is also brought into contact with the outer periphery of the reaction tube 1, and water vapor is generated by reaction heat through heat transfer through the tube wall of the reaction tube 1. The flow of this water is shown by dotted arrows. Note that the flow of unreacted gas is indicated by solid arrows. Further, in FIGS. 1 and 2, 8 indicates an end cover of the center tube 2, 9 is an upper tube sheet, 10 is a lower tube sheet, and 11 is an ice chamber tube sheet.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The above-mentioned reactor previously proposed by the present inventors is of a type in which unreacted gas flows through the center tube. Transfer coefficient is 1,000~! , OOOKcal/m”h
'C, IQ of boiling heat transfer of water, OOOKca
l/m"h It is small compared to ℃, and the gas temperature in the central tube rises in proportion to the amount of heat flow, so the temperature difference ΔT from the reaction temperature becomes small, and the amount of heat transfer (cooling capacity) becomes large. I don't get it.

In contrast, in the reactor of the present invention, pressurized water at saturated temperature is moved into the central tube, so the heat transfer coefficient is large, and the heat input is converted into latent heat of vaporization, so the temperature is constant and the temperature is constant. Since the temperature does not rise, the difference ΔT between the reaction temperature of the catalyst layer and the temperature of the fluid in the central tube can be maintained under a constant condition. the result,
The present invention has the effect of widening the permissible range of the wall velocity of the catalytic reaction, and also has the remarkable effect of increasing the amount of plant by-product steam.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a reactor which is an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 2 is an enlarged detailed view of the upper part of the central tube in FIG. M1. Sub-Agents 1) Meifuku Agent Ryo Hagiwara − Sub-Agent Atsuo Anzai

Claims (1)

[Claims] A central tube is located in the center of a plurality of reaction tubes, an annular space surrounded by the reaction tubes and the central tube is used as a granular catalyst-packed part, and gas is caused to flow from above to below through the catalyst layer to perform an exothermic reaction. A reactor characterized in that the outer periphery of the reaction tube and the inner periphery of the center tube are brought into contact with pressurized water at a saturated temperature, and water vapor is generated by using reaction heat as latent heat of vaporization of water.