JPS63186531A - Transmission and distribution line simulater - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] This invention relates to a power transmission and distribution line simulating device for easily performing analysis necessary for studying basic operations in system planning, construction, operation, etc. .

[Conventional technology]

As is well known, as power systems become higher in voltage and capacity, the behavior of this type of power transmission/distribution line simulator becomes more complex, requiring more detailed and thorough analysis than ever before. Became.

Conventional power transmission and distribution line simulators are widely used to assume a relatively simple system, create scale models of the various devices that make up the system, connect them to each other, operate them, and measure their behavior. I came.

However, with such power transmission and distribution line simulators, the proportional reduction side does not necessarily hold true accurately, so there is a limit to the accuracy of the simulation, and it is uneconomical to faithfully simulate large-scale current systems. For phenomena that can be formulated, simulations using digital computers are exclusively used.

On the other hand, although it is possible to grasp the calculation accuracy with digital simulation, it cannot be said that the accuracy of the underlying model, the time interval of simulation calculations, etc. are necessarily sufficient. Both methods are used for detailed, in-depth analysis of power systems.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

Conventional power transmission and distribution line simulators are configured as described above, so that the constants for each voltage class of the power system can be easily changed over a relatively wide range of values of the characteristic constants to be simulated. In addition to being able to cover a wide range of voltages, the system configuration and connections for each voltage class are mixed with mesh or radial, and are used differently for each voltage class. The problem was that changing it would require quite large-scale and complicated work.

In particular, in Japan's power system, the high-voltage system is network-like and the low-voltage system is radial, but these two types of systems are used differently depending on the voltage class, and the system, especially the line constant, is known to be within the standard range.

Therefore, in order to change the contents of a system configured to simulate such a system, the difficulty of changing the constants, as well as changing the connections, greatly influences the difficulty of the change.

In particular, the basic configuration of the power system is almost fixed for each company, and there are almost no changes to the basic configuration, and the design of equipment is also moving toward standardization, so it is generally impossible to make wide-ranging changes. However, changing the contents requires preparing multiple devices with fixed circuit constants, and requires complicated work such as changing the connections between them and complicated connection methods. The problem is that it is extremely difficult to do so.

This invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and in particular, the present invention is prone to change due to system operation.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a power transmission and distribution line simulating device that allows efficient setting operations for power transmission line simulating means that are easily subject to simplification, and that allows constant settings to be easily varied.

[Means for solving problems]

The power transmission and distribution line simulating device according to the present invention realizes line constant values having a predetermined range of variation based on the electric circuit constant per unit length determined from the dimensions of the conductor constituting the power transmission and distribution line and the structure of the support. The resistance, self-inductance, capacitance, and
It consists of a passive circuit element that simulates mutual inductance between conductors and capacitance between conductors, an input transformer for impedance conversion, and a control circuit that performs constant setting operations for the passive circuit element and input transformer. It is something.

[For production]

The power transmission and distribution line simulator according to the present invention adjusts the constants of the input transformer and passive circuit elements to set values in response to external commands, and performs system planning.

The analysis required for studying basic operations in construction, operation, etc. can be easily performed.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. First, the principle of this invention will be explained.

FIG. 3 is a system diagram showing the minimum configuration of the system to which the present invention is applied. In the diagram, 1 is a power supply system, 2 is a transformer, and 3
is the busbar on the power supply side, 4 is the circuit breaker on the power supply side, 5 is the two-line transmission line, 6 is the circuit breaker on the load side, 7 is the busbar on the load side, 8 is the transformer on the load side, and 9 is the load system. be.

Generally, the power system is the above power system 1. Power supply side transformer 2.
Power transmission line 5. It is composed of equipment such as a load side transformer 8 and a load system 9, and depending on its operation, a power supply side transformer 2. The combination of the power transmission line 5 and the load-side transformer 8 is changed, and there is usually no major change in the number of equipment.

That is, power supply system 1, power supply side transformer 2. If the ratio of the power transmission line 5° load-side transformer 8 and load system 9 to the standard value is within a certain range, there will be no shortage of simulated tanks by preparing a predetermined number of elements that cover that range. It can be said that there is no.

Furthermore, since there is usually no major relocation or relocation of power equipment, it can be considered that the connection is semi-fixed as the layout is fixed. Therefore, changes occur in the number of transformers operating in parallel, the number of lines connected to the power transmission line, and interconnection routes, and the main changes occur in the constants of the transformers and power transmission lines.

Among these, the method of changing the line constant will be explained here. By preparing a means that can cover the fluctuations of line constants depending on the line specifications, satisfying the required simulation accuracy of line constants, and minimizing constant settings due to connection changes, changes in simulated constants can be made easier. It is possible to reduce the number of steps involved.

Hereinafter, improving the accuracy of the settings of the target power transmission line will be briefly explained using FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b)'e. Normally, power transmission lines in Japan are 3-phase transmission lines with 2
Lines are often mounted on a single tower. Therefore, in addition to the resistance per line, the self-inductance L, and the self-to-ground capacitance C, there is also the coupled inductance M and capacitance C induced by the current and voltage of the other phase (gold wire) of the own line, and the capacitance C of the adjacent line. It has a coupled inductance M and capacitance C induced by current and voltage.

The resistance ratio, self-inductance L, coupled inductance M, and capacitance C depend on the conductor dimensions of the line and the conductor arrangement determined by the structure of the support, but there is a general range of conductor arrangement depending on the voltage class used. Since the conductor dimensions are distributed within a certain range depending on the capacitance and current, the resistance R2, the self-inductance L, the coupled inductance M, and the capacitance C fall within a certain range.

Further, although the length of a power transmission line can take various values, this length also has a certain correlation with power transmission capacity and power transmission voltage class.

Therefore, the circuits of the power transmission line to be considered in this invention are as shown in FIGS. 4(a) and 4(fb).

Figure 1 shows the resistance R, self-inductance L, and ground capacitance C of each three-phase two-line transmission line (including ground wire).
The simulated circuit diagram in Figure 2 shows the same 3-phase 2-line transmission 11L line, and the other phase of the own line.

Mutual inductance M and capacitance C caused by the current flowing in each phase of the adjacent line and the ground wire and the voltage generated
2 is a simulated circuit diagram showing the circuits of FIGS. 1 and 2 in a cascaded polyphase connection. In Figure 1, 10
．． 11 is the input/output side terminal of the 4-terminal circuit network, 12, 22.3
2.42 is an input transformer for constant setting circuit, 13.23.
33.43 is a variable gain amplifier that adjusts the load impedance to the input transformer 12.22.32.42;
14.24.34.44 is a passive circuit element for simulating the resistance, self-inductance L, and capacitance C of the power transmission line. Circuit element 34.
44 simulates the capacitance.

Next, reference numeral 15 is a control circuit that controls operations for setting constants of the simulated circuit.) This control circuit 15 includes logic and settings for interpreting commands from the outside and adjusting necessary constants to set values. It incorporates a measurement switching circuit 16 for measuring the constant value and logic for selecting and controlling a measuring instrument. Reference numeral 16 denotes a measurement switching circuit for measuring circuit constants after the constants have been set, and selects the quantity to be measured in response to a command from the control circuit 15.

Reference numeral 30 denotes an encoding circuit having a function of receiving the voltage from the measurement target selected by the measurement switching circuit 16, measuring the value, encoding it, and transmitting it to the outside.

These control circuits 15. The measurement switching circuit 16 and the encoding circuit 30 can be easily realized by automated measuring equipment using a microprocessor, etc., and the means for transmitting information between automated measuring equipment also follows standardized procedures by IggE, etc. have a method.

Based on the above, the method and principle of changing and adjusting the line resistance R2, self-inductance L, and capacitance C will be explained below. First, the resistor 1 (,) is realized by the passive circuit element 14, but in order to make this value variable, a variable resistor is used, such as by using a sliding resistance as the resistance of the line.

Next, the variable gain amplifier 13, 23.33° 43 is
It is a combination of a so-called programmable gain amplifier and a power amplification amplifier, and if a constant value is given as a digital signal from the outside, the apparent gain can be changed, and the input transformer 1
2.22.32.42 load can be changed. That is, by adjusting the input to the amplifier, the apparent resistance value of the load can be changed upward.

Finally, the input/output characteristics of the input (impedance conversion) transformer 12 can be changed by switching the number of turns.
When changing the number of turns by tapping, the characteristics change in stages, so fine adjustment is not possible.

Therefore, it is not possible to make minute adjustments to the desired set value, making it difficult to improve the setting accuracy. Therefore, in order to perform even more fine adjustment, a transformer having a structure as shown in FIG. 5 is used, and its control signal is applied to the control circuit 15, thereby making it possible to make finer adjustment. The details will be described later.

Next, FIG. 2 will be explained. In FIG. 2, the same components as in FIG. 3 are given the same reference numerals.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a switching circuit, and this switching circuit 20 is used to simulate electromagnetic and electrostatic inductive coupling due to currents and voltages of other phases of the own line (gold wire) and each phase of other lines for each simulated circuit unit. Each of the above currents or voltages is introduced and connections are switched. A switching circuit 20 is used to simulate electromagnetic induction.
A connection circuit is formed inside the switching circuit 20 so that a current can be applied from a simulation circuit unit other than the self-simulation circuit unit through the switching circuit 20. Further, in order to simulate electrostatic induction, a connection circuit is formed inside the switching circuit 20 so that voltages can be similarly applied in units of other simulation circuits.

12.22.32.42.52.62 will be described in detail later, but it is a transformer with a special structure that allows the primary-secondary input/output characteristics to be changed from a distance from the outside (see Figure 5). Input impedance/input current adjustment circuit 18.28.38
．． In combination with 48, 58, and 68, the above-mentioned induced voltages generated secondary can be changed to desired values.

That is, the input impedance/current adjustment circuit 18.2
8.

38, 48, 58, 68 are currents from the switching circuit 16.

After introducing the voltage, input transformer 12.22.32°42
．． 52. In conjunction with 62, electromagnetic or electrostatic inductive coupling adjusts the input impedance/current to a predetermined value, and in a simple configuration, shunt/min by resistance, inductance, and capacitance. This can be achieved using a pressure circuit.

In particular, in order to realize inductive coupling, other phases including the switching circuit 16,
If the intermediate loss is large when introducing current or voltage from another line, it may be possible to insert an amplifier or the like to easily adjust the input current/input impedance.

19.29.39.49.59, 69 is a voltage adjustment circuit using inductance or capacitance to adjust the voltage resulting from mutual induction. uses capacitance, and the above input transformers 12, 22.3
2.42.52.62 and input impedance/current adjustment circuit 18, 28°38.48.58.68 are combined,
The desired mutual inductive coupling is simulated.

The voltages generated as a result of this simulation are introduced into the measurement switching circuit 16, and the connections are switched between serial and parallel, as shown in FIG. 4(a).

The connection relationship in (b) can be realized.

That is, in the case of electromagnetic induction simulation, the voltage adjustment circuit 19°29
．． The outputs of 39, 49, 59, and 69 are switched to be connected in series in the longitudinal direction from terminal 1 to terminal 2. In addition, in the case of static induction simulation, the voltage adjustment circuit 19.29.39.49.59 uses the return wire directly connecting between 1 and 2 as a reference potential line.
．． They are connected in parallel within the measurement switching circuit 16 so that the voltages generated at the terminals 69 satisfy the same relationship as shown in FIG. 4(b).

The operation of FIG. 2 having the above configuration will be explained. The circuit part in Figure 2 is equivalent to 92 l for 3 sets of 2-circuit power transmission lines.
Prepare the group. The first set simulates electromagnetic inductive coupling. When a setting command is given from a distant command operation terminal, the control circuit 15 decodes the contents and changes the switching circuit 20 to the adjacent phase (including the ground wire) 3 so as to satisfy the command.
Aibu.

It is configured so that the circulation of each phase (three phases) of the other circuits is conducted. The current introduced through the switching circuit 20 flows through the input impedance/current adjustment circuits 18, 28, 38°48.58.
68 and input transformer 12, 22° 32.42.52.
62 to an appropriate value and phase, and applied to the inductance of the voltage adjustment circuit 19, 29.39°49.59.69.

At this time, voltage adjustment circuits 19, 29, 39, 49°59.
The problem is the voltage generated across the input transformer 12 and the impedance seen from the voltage adjustment circuit 19.
22.32, 42.52, 62, input impedance/current regulator 18.28, 38°4B, 58.68
and voltage adjustment circuit 19.29°39.49,59.6
Each variable part of 9 is appropriately combined and changed to a satisfactory value. Voltage adjustment circuit 19.29.39.49.59.69
The voltage generated across the terminals is applied to the measurement switching circuit 16, which is connected in series so as to be added to each voltage generated across the voltage adjustment circuits 29, 39, 49, 59, and 69. A voltage difference corresponding to the amount induced between the two is obtained.

The six sets of voltages generated here are switched so as to be measurable by the measurement switching circuit 16 and applied to the encoding circuit 30, converted and encoded in the same manner as in FIG. 2, and transmitted to the remote operation end.

That is, in order to confirm whether the constants of each simulated part of the input transformer, input impedance/current adjustment circuit, and voltage adjustment circuit set by the constant setting command given to the control circuit 15 are as desired values, the constants of each simulated part are set as desired values. Current and voltage are measured within this circuit, mutual inductance M and capacitance C are calculated, converted into numerical (binary) information, and transmitted to a remote control end.

As described above, the own line is connected to other phases using the same method as shown in Fig. 1.

It is possible to simulate coupling due to electromagnetic induction from each phase of other lines and the ground wire, and to adjust the coupling coefficient to a desired value at a distance.

Therefore, as in Fig. 1, there is no need to directly manually manipulate the simulated circuit or structure so that the electromagnetic induction coefficient matches the desired value; rather, a digital signal is emitted from a distance, and precise adjustments are made by setting numerical values and increasing/decreasing them. This provides the advantage of being able to repeatedly turn on and off settings.

The next set simulates electrostatic inductive coupling. When a setting command is given from a remote command operation end, a switching circuit 20 is configured by the control circuit 15, and voltages for two adjacent phases and each phase of other lines are applied to this element. Switching circuit 20
Each voltage introduced through an input transformer 12. Voltage adjustment circuit 19 via input impedance/current adjustment circuit 18
generates a voltage drop across the Input transformers 22.32.42.52.62, input impedance/current adjustment circuits 28.38.48.58.68, and voltage adjustment circuits 29.39.49.59.69 for other phases and lines are also combined. Similarly, a voltage drop occurs. At this time, voltage adjustment circuit 1
The voltage generated across the terminals 9 is applied to the measurement switching circuit 16, but the voltage generated in the voltage adjustment circuit 29, 39, 49, 59 is applied to the corresponding phase with appropriate polarity to the common return wire that directly connects the terminals 1 and 2. to generate an inductively coupled voltage equivalent to .

Each voltage generated here is switched so as to be measurable by the switching circuit 16 and applied to the encoding circuit 30,
The conversion encoding as in FIG. 1 is the same as in the case of simulating electromagnetic inductive coupling.

This operation enables remote settings that simulate the electrostatic inductive coupling phenomenon from other phases of the own line and each phase of other lines, and adjust the coefficient to the desired value, so that the electrostatic induction coefficient reaches the desired value. The effect is that constants can be set remotely to match the values.

Input transformers 12.22.32.42.52 with finely variable input/output characteristics are required in FIGS. 1 and 2 described as an embodiment of the present invention.

62 will be explained.

A concrete example of the structure of the personal power transformer is shown in FIG. Fig. 5 is a side view showing the input transformer, and the transformer in Fig. 5 is a plan to change the reluctance of the magnetic path by drilling holes in the outer legs of the transformer with an outer iron structure. jar top and bottom 2
It also has solenoid coils installed above and below the iron core to change this position. In FIG. 5, 70 is the iron core of the transformer, 71 is the coil wound around the inner leg of this transformer, and 7
2a.

72b is a lead wire of this coil 71.

At least l (2 or more holes 73 are drilled in the outer leg portion of the iron core TO), and a plunger 74 made of a combination of magnetic/non-magnetic materials and having an appropriate gap is slidably installed in the hole 73. The plunger 74 has two upper and lower parts 74a to facilitate changing the gap in the magnetic path by changing their mutual positions.

It is divided into 74b. The solenoid coils 75 and 76 for adjusting the vertical position of the plunger 74 are iron core TO
are placed at appropriate positions above and below, and the sunrise wire is connected to terminal 4a,
4b and 4c (in this figure, they are placed close together for convenience of illustration). A stopper 77 stops the movement of the upper part of the plunger 74, and a spring 78 is provided to set the position of the granger 74 as a reference. Further, a weight is formed in the lower part 74b of the plunger 74 to give the spring 78 a reference length. Numeral 79 is a leg for holding and fixing the transformer.

Therefore, if the current applied to the upper and lower solenoid coils 75.76 from the terminals 4a, 4b, and 4c is appropriately adjusted, electromagnetic force will be applied to the shiblunger 74 due to the magnetic flux in the vertical axis direction generated by the solenoid coils 75.76. Works and fixes in appropriate position. Since the plunger 74 includes a non-magnetic portion, a gap is partially formed in the magnetic flux path of the iron core 70. The size of this air gap depends on the position of the plunger 74, which position itself is related to the electromagnetic force produced by the solenoid coils 75, 76. Since the electromagnetic force of the solenoid coils 75 and 76 is adjusted by the current flowing through the coil 71, by finely adjusting this current, the reluctance of the magnetic path of the transformer can be adjusted more precisely.

In short, the idea is to provide an air gap in the transformer whose length can be changed from the outside, and change this air gap electrically to change the reluctance (vergeance) of the magnetic path and change the input/output characteristics of the transformer. be.

In addition to these, the input transformer 12 shown in FIGS.
．． 22.32, 42.52.62 primary-secondary current/
The voltage characteristics can now be adjusted more finely within a certain range, and together with the same characteristics being changed in stages by switching the taps between the primary and secondary windings, it is possible to have a wide range of changes. .

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the power transmission and distribution line simulator is a circuit that can electrically change the resistance, self-inductance, capacitance, mutual inductance between conductors, and capacitance of one or more power transmission and distribution lines over a wide range. By connecting an appropriate number of circuits in series (in some cases, in parallel), the desired circuit constant values can be electrically adjusted with relatively simple operations without complicated switching and changing the connections between each circuit. Therefore, unlike conventional devices, multiple devices with fixed circuit constants are prepared.
There is no need for complicated work or complicated connection means such as changing connections between them.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a self-phase loss simulating circuit of a power transmission and distribution line simulating device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. Figure 4 is a circuit diagram showing a system to which this invention applies, Figure 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of electromagnetic coupling and capacitive coupling of a power transmission/distribution line simulator according to an embodiment of this invention, and Figure 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a power transmission/distribution line simulator according to an embodiment of this invention. FIG. 3 is a side view showing the input transformer used. 12.22.32.42.52.62 is input transformer, 1
4 is a passive circuit element, and 15 is a control circuit. In addition, in the figures, the same reference numerals indicate the same or equivalent parts. Patent applicant: Mitsubishi Electric Corporation - 1゛ (2 others)

Claims (1)

[Claims] One or more power transmission and distribution lines to realize line constant values with a predetermined range of variation based on the dimensions of the conductors that make up the power transmission and distribution lines and the electric circuit constant per unit length determined from the structure of the support. A passive circuit element that simulates resistance per line, self-inductance, capacitance, mutual inductance between conductors, and capacitance between conductors, an input transformer used for setting the constants of the power transmission line simulated by this passive circuit element, and the necessary A power transmission/distribution line simulator comprising a control circuit that has logic for adjusting a constant to a set value and performs a constant setting operation for the passive circuit element and the input transformer.