JPS6317674B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a harbor buoy, a ship mooring buoy,
Generally, it relates to block structures mainly made of concrete, which are used for fixed mooring of boat platforms and various fishing facilities.

Most of these are sunk with the weight effect of a simple rectangular block frame, and the gravity is effective in the vertical direction, but as the mooring is diagonal or approaches the lateral/horizontal direction, the acting force increases. There are defects that reduce. When this can be limited to one direction and can be used, by changing the shape of this block body, it is possible to obtain a locking force several times that of the conventional one, producing an extremely practical effect with the same amount and quality, and from an economical point of view. is also advantageous.

This newly developed block body, when configured as a real weight, has a specific gravity of about 2.3 for average concrete, and its weight in water is calculated by subtracting the same amount of water weight from the volume of the structure. So the weight in the air is about
The weight is reduced to 0.56%, and a block weighing 1 ton changes to approximately 560 kg in water. Furthermore, when this is towed horizontally from side to side on the sea bed, the frictional resistance between the bottom of the structure and the soil surface layer depends on the state of contact between the two, but it is said to be approximately half the vertical weight, and the upper limit exceeds 300 kg. It doesn't become something.

However, those that have been developed by improving the shape of such blocks have significantly improved performance, and can be moved over a short towing distance or, after being submerged, due to the synergistic effect of self-mass and tensile force. By utilizing the resisting earth pressure from the sand and mud mass that immerses into the sea bed soil and makes up the soil layer, it exhibits a high level of holding and mooring force that cannot be obtained by the weight of a simple square block, etc. For example, when using a conventional rectangular block to obtain a mooring force of 3 tons in the transverse direction, a weight of approximately 10 tons is required. In contrast, the block body of the present invention has the effect of becoming about three times its own weight by penetrating into the seabed soil, and requires only one tonne. In this way, if we use concrete of the same quality and compare the two, we can obtain the same force at a weight ratio of 10/1.

Another important feature is that even the largest steel anchors currently in use are difficult to manufacture if they exceed 30 tons. However, construction using the concrete construction method has the advantage that it can be used anywhere, and without the need for a furnace or factory to melt iron, it can manufacture extremely large objects, and the size of floating structures on the ocean has finally reached the size of steel anchors. When the mooring limit of the old block body is exceeded, it is possible to supply a mooring body that does not unnecessarily increase the weight, saves materials, is easy to handle, and has advanced performance and construction advantages.

The block anchor of the present invention is constructed as a block body with the above-mentioned characteristics, but is required to have a holding force and stability comparable to steel anchors, and is capable of mooring with a larger capacity.

To explain this configuration according to the drawings, Fig. 1 is an overall perspective view of the block anchor. A central part of the block with a cutting blade 4 at the tip is made on the palm slope 3 and the lower side of this surface, and an elbow part 6 having a slope 5 which also becomes the anchor palm part and connects to both the left and right anchor palm slopes is protruded and integrated. The elbow bottom surface 7 is oriented obliquely upward toward the ends of both elbows from the upper side of the side surface 9 that rises perpendicularly from both sides of the bottom surface 8 of the main body block, and the lower edges of both slopes of the anchor palm portion are extended and cut. Tie through the upper edge of the blade to form a V-shape.

Further, a hanging ring 10 is provided at the center of gravity on the upper surface of the body, and a pull ring 11 is provided on the front side of the block body. The attachment position of the ring is said to be directed vertically and laterally toward the building structure as the cutting blade digs into the soil and the resistance due to soil pressure increases, causing an element of instability in the posture. The uneven distribution of force is handled by the cutting blade that first enters the soil and receives strong resistance, and as it sinks in, the slope pressure-receiving parts of both the upper part of the structure and the elbow of the anchor balance with the soil pressure, and this acting force is reduced. A pull ring is provided at the center point, and the lateral stability is provided by the elbow part and the bottom part, which is oriented obliquely upward and forms a V-shape at the lower edge of both elbows and palms, via the upper edge of the cutting blade. , the external force is passed through the pull ring to maintain the overall balance.

The block is guided by the cutting blade that bites into the soil, which functions as an anchor, and the synergistic effect of the weight effect of the frame and the tensile force is produced at the tip of the block, making it easy to sink into the block. It behaves with an anchor palm action similar to that of a surface and obtains a gripping force. The pull ring is used by connecting a chain or wire from a floating structure on the ocean.

Fig. 2 shows a front view of the block structure in Fig. A, in which the main body 1 and the elbow part 6 are arranged symmetrically as described above, and in Fig. B showing a side view, the elbow part and the palm part. A line 12 is placed parallel to the bottom surface 8 of the main body block from the lower side of the slope 5 toward the rear, and a line 12 is cut up slightly diagonally from the line starting from the lower side of the slope to form the bottom surface 7 of the elbow part having an angle Q. When it enters the soil, it creates a lifting force that acts upward on this plane, and the mooring effect is eliminated from damage prevention.

In Figure 3, this block is immersed in the soil layer in the lateral and horizontal directions as shown in Figure A from the front. The pressure-receiving surface consisting of the slope 3 and the elbow slope 5 partially absorbs the pressure, penetrates the deepest into the soil layer, and applies strong resistance to the cutting blade 4, but an equivalent force to balance this is applied to the pull ring. The explanation given above is shown. At this time, a supporting force acting perpendicularly to the bottom surface of the elbow from both sides, which forms the V-shaped bottom surface, acts as shown by the arrows due to the soil quality. In this way, the block has a balance in the front and back direction, and even when maintaining a horizontal lateral posture, the block balances its own mass and the pressure component force from the front, and the force generated between this and the soil quality at the bottom surface 7 of the elbow part. It is loaded with functions.

Furthermore, in Figure B, which also shows the front view, when this is tilted within the soil layer, the left elbow bottom surface 7 enters deeper into the layer than the right side bottom surface due to the inclination of the structure, and the soil acting force increases the depth. For this reason, the force acting on the bottom surface of the left elbow in the figure becomes stronger as the body approaches the horizontal plane, contrary to the inclination of the body, and the supporting force to the bottom surface increases. At this time, the slope of the right bottom surface becomes even greater, creating a significant imbalance between the two bottom surfaces.
The bottom surface 8 of the main body block also tilts and is pushed by the support force from the direction of the arrow, and slides due to its own mass and the pressure component from the front, which is divided into forces in two directions as shown by the arrow, and as a result, the main body moves the left elbow. This causes the behavior of pushing up and restoring to the horizontal, and the acting force is always maintained in a stable position.

The practical advantage of this method is that it is more suitable than conventional square blocks, weights made of natural stones wrapped in nets, fixed nets on the coast, small and large dohyo rings sunk for fixing port facilities, iron anchors, etc. It has a great effect and is especially advantageous for large moorings that require large capacity.
Significantly reduce fixed costs. The present invention is thus applicable to a wide range of applications, from marine structures other than ships to coastal ports and fisheries, and is more reliable in that it combines the effect of its own weight with the performance of the soil.
This will contribute to the advancement of ocean mooring technology, including on continental shelves, in the future.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective explanatory view of the block anchor of the present invention. In Fig. 2, Fig. A shows a front view and Fig. B shows a side view, and the configuration of the elbow portion and the angles of each surface will be explained. Figure A in Figure 3 shows the block in its normal position in the soil, and Figure B shows the relationship between the tilted structure and the soil and the direction of the acting force with the arrows.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A rearwardly inclined ridge 2 is provided at the center of the front surface of the main body 1, an anchor palm slope 3 having a symmetrical receding angle is formed on the left and right sides, and an inverted V-shaped cutting edge 4 is formed on the lower side of the surface. Anchor palm slope 5 that connects and integrates with the slopes on both sides of the ridge
The bottom surface 7 of the elbow portion 6 rises in parallel from both sides 9 of the bottom surface 8 of the body structure, and extends diagonally upward from the upper side toward the left and right ends of each side, and also protrudes rearward with a slight upward inclination, and is located at the center of gravity of the top surface of the body structure. is equipped with a hanging ring 10, which balances the acting force applied to the top and bottom of the ridge through the mooring force between the anchor palms on both left and right slopes, which contact the seabed soil and serve as resistance surfaces, and the cutting edge on the lower side. This block anchor is characterized in that a pull ring 11 is attached at a location where the block anchor is attached.