JPS63173915A - Three-dimensional measuring apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To form a drawing within a short time, by forming the drawing data corresponding to a photograph taken inclusive of a surveying range from the taken photograph and the three-dimensional coordinates data stored in a surveying means. CONSTITUTION:A total station 11 is a range finder-goniometer equipped with a data collector 21 and the data of a measured mark point is inputted to the first personal computer 13. The area to be surveyed containing the mark point is photographed and the taken photograph is inputted to an analytical drawing machine 19 and the code data necessary for forming said photograph into a drawing is outputted to the second personal computer 20. At this time, the data of the mark point necessary for analytical drawing is inputted to the analytical drawing machine 19 from the first personal computer 13. In the personal computer 20, data is displayed on a display device 23 and an operator edits this figure using a keyboard 22. The edited figure is formed into a drawing by an XY plotter 25.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a three-dimensional measuring device using, for example, photogrammetry.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, for example, when conducting a survey survey of excavated ruins, the ruins are photographed, the ruins are surveyed, the photographed photographs are set in an analysis plotting machine, and the information obtained by the survey is taken. The system supplies the reference coordinate information to the analytical plotting machine, and based on this information, it creates a drawing that corresponds to the photograph.

By the way, since the above-mentioned survey is a flat plate survey, it takes a lot of time to conduct the survey and organize the survey results. For this reason, it takes a long time to complete the process from photographing and surveying to plotting using an analytical plotting machine, which is one of the causes of delays in excavation surveys of ruins.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) This invention solves the problems in creating drawings based on photographed photographs and actually full coordinate information, and its purpose is to The object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional measuring device that can create drawings in a short time by taking photographs, and surveying.

[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention includes a surveying means for surveying a required surveying range and storing the survey results as three-dimensional coordinate information, and a surveying means for surveying a required surveying range and storing the survey results as three-dimensional coordinate information; and analysis plotting means that generates plotting information corresponding to the photographed photograph from the photograph taken and the three-dimensional coordinate information stored in the surveying means.

(Function) This invention measures a required survey range by a surveying means, stores the survey results as three-dimensional coordinate information, and uses the three-dimensional coordinate information stored in the surveying means and the survey result by an analysis plotting means. Drawing information corresponding to the photographed photograph is generated from photographs taken including the range.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

The first factor indicates a three-dimensional measuring device.

A total station (a rangefinder and goniometer with a recording device (data collector 12)) 11 as a surveying means measures the horizontal angle,
It measures information consisting of vertical angle and oblique distance, and the information measured by this total station 11 is transmitted to a data collector 12 having a keyboard and memory.
is memorized.

This data collector 12 is connectable to the arithmetic control unit 14 that constitutes the first personal computer 13, and in this connected state, the measurement data stored in the data collector 12 is transferred to the arithmetic control unit 14. It is considered possible. The arithmetic control unit 14 includes a keyboard 15 for inputting various command information, a display device @16 for displaying arithmetic results, etc., and a magnetic disk device in which programs and various information for controlling the operation of the arithmetic control unit 14 are stored. 17,
Also connected are a printer 18 and an XY plotter 25 that print out various information.

Further, the arithmetic control unit 14 includes a portaple type analysis plotting machine (MACO35/70: manufactured by Zenzabro Nirikisha) 19
The arithmetic control unit 14 can supply reference position information necessary for photo analysis to the analysis plotter 19. Based on the set photograph, the analysis plotter 19 outputs point code information necessary for plotting the photograph. This point code information includes, for example, the xl, y, and z coordinates of the point, the type of line (solid line, dotted line, etc.), line attributes (dwelling site, the end of the roof of a Jomon-style dwelling, etc.), the top and bottom of the XY plotter's pen, etc. It consists of

The point code information output from the analysis plotter 19 is supplied to an arithmetic control section 21 that constitutes a second personal computer 20 .

This arithmetic control section 21 includes a keyboard 22 for inputting various information, a display device [23] for displaying arithmetic results, figures, etc., and a magnetic disk device in which programs and various information for controlling the operation of the arithmetic control section 21 are stored. 24, the printer 18, and the XY plotter 25 are connected.

The arithmetic control unit 21 displays a figure on the display device 23 based on the point code information supplied from the analysis plotter 19, and edits the displayed figure by operating the keyboard 22, for example. It is. here,
Editing a shape includes smoothing the lines of the displayed shape,
This is the process of adding necessary information such as displaying excavated artifacts.

FIG. 2 shows a three-dimensional spatial digitizer for measuring the shape of excavated items such as earthenware.

This three-dimensional space digitizer 30 applies magnetic conversion technology developed by McDonnell Douglas Company.
The shape of a three-dimensional cube is measured as a set of three-dimensional coordinates.

That is, the arithmetic control section 32 constituting the third personal computer 31 performs overall control. A display device 34 for displaying images, a magnetic disk device 35 storing programs and various information for controlling the operations of the arithmetic control section 32, and an X
A Y plotter 36 is connected.

Furthermore, a drive circuit 37 is connected to the calculation control section 32 . This drive circuit 37 includes a source coil (orthogonal coil)
38 to generate a magnetic field. When a sensor coil (orthogonal coil) 39 is inserted into this magnetic field, a current is induced in this sensor coil 39 according to its position within the magnetic field. This induced current is transmitted to the detection circuit 4
0, and this detection circuit 40 detects the coordinate information of the sensor coil 39 within the magnetic field. This coordinate information is supplied to the arithmetic control section 32, and the arithmetic control section 32 displays, for example, a figure on the screen of the display device 34 based on the input coordinate information.

Therefore, when the object to be measured 41, such as earthenware, is placed in the magnetic field generated by the source coil 38, the surface of the object to be measured 41 is pointed by the sensor coil 39. The three-dimensional coordinates of the object 41 can be measured, and the shape of the object 41 can be displayed on the display device [34] based on this.

Figure 3 shows how to use the equipment shown in Figures 1 and 2 at a survey rate of 50.
The figure shows the state in which it is installed in the machine, and the same parts as in Figs. 1 and 2 are given the same reference numerals.

Inside the survey survey rate 50, there is an operation room 51 where various equipment is installed, a darkroom 52 where photographs can be developed, and a storage room 53 where measurement cameras for various types of photography and equipment such as balloons are housed. It is provided.

A table 54 is provided in the operation room 51. As shown in FIG. 4, this table 51 has a double structure consisting of a first table 54a1 and a second table 54b. A vibration isolating member 55 is interposed. Then, on the first table 54a, the analysis plotting machine 19,
A personal computer 13.20 and a printer 18 are mounted, and these are fixed to the first table 54a by a belt (not shown). In addition, the XY plotter 25 is
It is shared by the three-dimensional space digitizer 30 and the first and second personal computers 13.20.

In the above configuration, a case where three-dimensional measurement of excavated ruins is performed will be explained according to the work procedure shown in FIG. 5.

The above analysis plotting machine 19 and personal computer 13.2
0 etc. are transported to the excavation site at a survey rate of 50.

If the excavated ruins are as shown in FIG. 6, for example, a marker 1isa-8G is set at a required position (step 5T1). In this state, the imaging area Ea is centered around the imaging point pa%Pb.

Eb is photographed by the measurement camera, and photographing areas Ec and Ed are photographed by the measurement camera, centering on the photographing points Pc and Pd (step 5T2). The imaging areas Ea%Eb1, Ec, and Ed each overlap by 60%. This photograph is developed in the dark sky 52 inside the survey mold 50 (step 5T3), and can be checked immediately.

Meanwhile, along with the above photo shoot, Total Station 11
The control points (marks *Sa to SQ) are surveyed by the following, and the survey results are stored in the data collector 12 (step 5T4). The survey results stored in this data collector 12 are transferred to the first personal computer 13 by connecting the data collector 12 to the first personal computer 13 provided in the survey survey mold 50, and are transferred to this personal computer 13. 13, the control point is calculated (step 5T5). The result of this calculation is,
The three-dimensional coordinate values are printed out to the printer 18, for example.

In addition, the developed photograph is set in an analytical plotting machine 8119 installed in the WIT research vehicle, and the three-dimensional coordinate value calculated by the first personal computer 13 is stored in this analytical plotting machine 19. Of these, 111 were analyzed and plotted.
The three-dimensional coordinate values of an arbitrary reference point (orientation point) on the photograph set at 9 are input from an operation unit (not shown). The analysis plotter 19 generates point code information for each part of the photograph from the input three-dimensional coordinate values of the reference point and the set photograph (step 5T6). This generated point code information is supplied to the second personal computer 20, and a figure corresponding to the point code information inputted by this personal computer 20 is displayed on the display device @.
23 is displayed on the screen. In this display state, for example, by operating the keyboard 22, necessary editing processing such as smoothing the lines of the displayed figure can be performed using well-known techniques (step 5T7). The edited figure is drawn on the paper by the XY plotter 25 (step 5T8).

The seventh factor is the figure of the ruins drawn by the xY plotter 25, which shows a plan view of the ruins.

Using the point code information, it is also possible to draw a desired cross-sectional view of the ruins using the XY plotter 25.

In step ST7, the displayed figure is edited and then drawn by the XY plotter 25, but it goes without saying that the figure can be drawn directly by the XY plotter 25 without being edited.

In addition, in step ST7, it is also possible to display an excavation display on the displayed figure, for example, at the excavation position of a pottery or the like.

Next, the mapping of the remains using the total station 11 will be explained using the eighth factor.

For example, as shown in Figure 9, when the ruins GR are excavated,
At reference point 3h-8q around this ruins GR, polygon,
The level is measured, and the radius from the center of the buried trace of a pillar is measured, and the measurement result is stored in the data collector 12 (step ST10). Additionally, if earthenware or stone tools have been unearthed, their types and unearthed positions are stored in the data collector 12 (step ST11).

The various types of information stored in the data collector 12 in this manner are transferred to the personal computer 13 by connecting the data collector 12 to the first personal computer 13 (step ST12). In this personal computer 13, based on the input information,
The coordinates of the remains GR are calculated, and the results of this calculation are output to the printer 18 (step 5T13). Furthermore, the figure of the ruins GR is displayed on the screen of the display device 16 based on the calculation result, and in this display state, information such as point code information, line attributes, and upper and lower positions of the pen of the XY plotter of the displayed figure is displayed. It is now possible to edit (step 5T14). This edited figure is drawn on the paper by the XY plotter 25 (step 5T
15).

Next, the mapping of relics using the three-dimensional space digitizer 30 will be explained using FIG. 10.

First, as shown in FIG. 11, earthenware M as a relic is placed on a mounting table T. The source coil 38 is provided inside this mounting table T, and the earthenware M is positioned inside the magnetic field generated from this source coil 38. In this state, the coordinate axes for measurement are determined by the sensor coil 39. This coordinate axis is earthenware M
For example, if you specify the measurement origin PI of the mounting table T and then specify an arbitrary measurement range instruction point P2, a cube (indicated by a dotted line) with these PH and P2 as diagonal points will be created. is defined (step 5T2
0). Here, arrow Y indicates a side view viewpoint, and Z indicates a top view viewpoint.

With the measurement coordinate axes determined in this way,
When the sensor coil 39 indicates the side surface of the earthenware M as shown by the arrow P3, the coordinate information of the indicated position is detected by the detection circuit 40, and this coordinate information is
is supplied to the personal computer 20 of. In this personal computer 20, the figure of the earthenware M projected onto the x-2 plane is displayed on the display device 34 based on the input coordinate information (step 5T2).
1). The projection plane of this display can be changed arbitrarily.

The figure thus displayed on the screen of the display device 23 is drawn on a sheet of paper using the XY plotter 25 (step 5T22).

The drawing drawn by the XY printer 25 is a predisposition as shown in FIG. 12(a), and this predisposition is corrected by hand. For example, the thickness of the earthenware M is measured by a so-called caliper that measures the thickness of the object, and based on this measurement value, the thickness of the earthenware is added to some of the predispositions, as shown in FIG. 12(b).

Further, the external shape of the earthenware M is actually measured by a so-called mako. This mako is used to copy the external shape of an object, and a plurality of bamboo strips are movably held through a holding member. Then, this mako is pressed against the side of the earthenware M to copy the outline of the earthenware M, and based on this copied outline, the outline of the predisposition is corrected by hand (Step 5T23.24)
). Finally, this modified drawing is traced (step 5T27).

On the other hand, it is also possible to modify the drawings on the screen of the display device 23. In this case, the figure is displayed on the screen of the display device @ 23, and in this display state, for example, by operating the keyboard 22, you can smooth the lines, or change the external shape of the pottery from the pottery M using the above-mentioned Caliber or Mako. Corrections are made based on the values measured. Then, this modified figure is displayed on the XY plotter 25.
is drawn on the paper (step 5T26), and then this figure is traced as described above (step 5T27).

According to the above embodiment, the excavated ruins are measured by the total station 11, this measured data is stored in the data collector 12, the stored data is processed by the first personal computer 13, and the processing results are Based on this, photographs of the ruins are plotted using an analysis plotting machine 19. Therefore, by using the total station 11, the data collector 12, and the first personal computer 13, survey data can be processed more quickly than in conventional flat surveying, so the time required for plotting photographs can be reduced compared to conventional flat surveying. It is possible to significantly shorten the time compared to .

Moreover, since the ruins can be mapped in a short time, it is possible to dig into the ruins in a short time after taking photographs and measuring with the total station, making it possible to dig into the ruins in a short time. II inspection can be carried out efficiently.

Furthermore, all excavation data of the ruins, including the excavated locations of remains and pottery, is managed by the first, second, and third personal computers 13.20.31, so the total database of excavated ruins can be It is possible to construct.

In addition, the first and second personal computers 13.20
, analysis plotter 19, printer 18, XY plotter 25,
Equipment such as three-dimensional space digitizer 30, and dark solstice 52
is mounted on a surveying survey rate 50 and transported to the excavation site, where it is possible to develop and map the photographs.

Therefore, compared to the conventional case where photographed film is sent to a photo lab and developed, it is possible to significantly shorten the time required from photographing to plotting. Furthermore, since the photographed photographs can be checked on-site, the photographs can be inspected immediately, and work such as retaking the photographs can be carried out quickly, thereby improving work efficiency.

Furthermore, the first, second, and third personal computers 1
3.20 and 31 are included in the survey survey rate, so it is possible to quickly create a database of ruins on site.

Further, the table 54 on which the analysis plotting machine 19, the first and second personal computers 13, 20, etc. are placed is the first
, a second table 54a154b, and a plurality of vibration isolating members 55 are interposed between the first and second tables 54a and 54b. Therefore, it is possible to protect precision instruments such as the analysis plotter 19 from vibrations during transportation.

Incidentally, in the above embodiment, a case has been described in which this device is used for an excavation survey of ruins, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, it is also possible to use this invention for other surveys.

It goes without saying that various other modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the invention.

[Effects of the Invention] As described in detail above, according to the present invention, a required surveying range is surveyed by a surveying means, the survey results are stored as three-dimensional coordinate information, and the analytical plotting means is used to store the surveying results in the surveying means. By generating drawing information corresponding to the photographed photograph from the stored three-dimensional coordinate information and the photograph taken encompassing the measurement range, drawings can be created in a short time from photographing and surveying. It is possible to provide a three-dimensional measuring device that can perform

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a three-dimensional measuring device according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing a three-dimensional space digitizer, Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of a survey survey rate, and Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the structure of the table provided for the survey survey rate, Figures 5 to 7 are diagrams each shown to explain the mapping work of ruins, and Figures 8 and 9 are diagrams each showing the mapping work of ruins. Figures 10 to 12 are diagrams shown to explain the mapping work of excavated items, respectively. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11... Total station, 12... Data collector, 13.20.31... First, second, and third personal computers, 18... Printer, 19...
Analytical plotting machine, 30...Three-dimensional space digitizer, 50
...Measuring l survey vehicle, 52...Dark room, 54...Table, 54a, 54b...First and second table, 55
...Vibration isolation member. Applicant's Representative Patent Attorney Takehiko Suzue Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 9 Figure 8 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 (b) Figure

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Surveying means for surveying a required surveying range and storing the survey results as three-dimensional coordinate information, photographs taken encompassing the surveying range, and three-dimensional coordinate information stored in the surveying means. A three-dimensional measuring device comprising: an analysis plotting means for generating plotting information corresponding to the photographed photograph. (2) The three-dimensional measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the surveying means comprises a total station and a data collector.