JPS63142124A - Leveler for rubble foundation in water - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce the number of staff member as well as raise the efficiency of operation by a method in which on the basis of the results of measurement from a water pressure meter and a beam-irradiation position sensor, the leveling height of rubble foundation under water is obtained. CONSTITUTION:During the rough and main leveling operations, detected data from a light position sensor 62 receiving horizontal beam from a light projector 54 are received by the transmitter-receiver 46 of a crane chamber 32. Detected data from a water pressure gauge 52 are also received by the transmitter- receiver 46. On the basis of these detected data, the leveling height of rubble foundation in water is obtained by an arithmetic unit 50 and displayed on a displayer 44. A winder 34 is controlled by a control board 36 and the weight is dropped.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an underwater rubble foundation leveling device that can roughly level and final level a rubble foundation to a predetermined height underwater.

[Prior Art] In order to form an underwater rubble foundation, stones (rubble) are first dropped onto the bottom of the water and piled up.

Then, a weight is repeatedly dropped onto the top surface of the piled rubble, thereby roughly leveling the top surface to be approximately flat.

Furthermore, the weight is repeatedly dropped until the top surface of the rubble becomes flat at the planned height, and the top surface is leveled.

Once the underwater rubble foundation has been formed in this way, caissons are installed on it, for example to build a breakwater.

Here, the work of leveling the upper surface of the rubble piled up in the water is performed by adjusting the falling height of the weight according to the height of the upper surface of the rubble.

For this reason, conventionally, the height of the top surface of the rubble has been confirmed in the following manner during the leveling work of the top surface of the rubble.

First, a tower with its upper end protruding above the water is erected on a weight, and the weight is suspended from the tower.

Marks are placed on the tower's above-water protrusion, and based on the mark, the degree to which the above-water protrusion sinks is measured using a measuring device installed at a fixed point such as an existing breakwater.

The measurement results are sequentially reported from the operator of the measuring device to the operator of the crane for lifting the weight using a transmitter/receiver, and the leveling height of the top surface of the rubble is determined from the measurement results.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the past, there was a problem in that a measuring instrument operator in addition to the crane operator was required to measure the height of the top surface of the rubble.

In addition, it takes a long time to measure the height of the top surface of the rubble, and communication via a transmitter/receiver is required each time the height of the falling weight is adjusted, resulting in a reduction in work efficiency.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems,
The purpose is to provide an underwater rubble foundation leveling device that can reduce the number of personnel and improve work efficiency.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has a reference water pressure gauge dropped to the water bottom at a predetermined depth, and a top surface of rubble piled on the water bottom that is repeatedly dropped. A comparative water pressure gauge with an aUG attached to a leveling weight, an interlock that moves up and down on the water in conjunction with the weight, and a floodlight that irradiates a horizontal beam toward the interlock that serves as a height measurement standard. , a beam irradiation position detector provided on the interlocking element to detect the irradiation position of the beam, and leveling of the underwater rubble foundation based on the measurement results from the water pressure gauge and the measurement results detected by the beam irradiation position detector. and a measuring device for determining the height.

[Function] In the leveling device according to the present invention, the leveling height of the underwater rubble foundation is automatically measured, and the measurement result can be obtained on the operating side of the weight.

[Effects] According to the present invention, there is no need for personnel to measure the height of the top surface of the rubble, so it is possible to efficiently use the personnel required to form the underwater rubble foundation.

Further, according to the present invention, the measurement is automatically carried out in a short period of time, and there is no communication between the operators when adjusting the weight fall height, so that work efficiency can be significantly improved.

[Example code] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the device according to the present invention will be described.

First, an outline of the leveling construction method for a rubble foundation, which is the premise of the present invention, will be explained.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, a caisson 10 for constructing a breakwater is installed on the seabed 12.

The rubble stones 14 forming the foundation of the caisson 10 are dropped onto the seabed 12 as shown in FIG. 2 (A>) and stacked as shown in FIG. 2 (B).

At that time, rubble stones are piled up to a height Hl that exceeds the foundation height HO by a predetermined amount, and flagpoles 16 are erected on both sides of the rubble stones as shown in FIG.

In addition, the tops of these flagpoles 16 protrude from the sea surface,
A flag is attached to its tip.

Roughly, as the weight 18 shown in FIG. 3 is repeatedly dropped, the upper surface of the rubble 14 on the seabed 12 becomes
As shown in Figure (C), it is roughly leveled and made substantially flat.

This rough leveling is carried out to the extent that the weight 18 does not extremely lose its horizontal position when it lands on the bottom, and the position is such that the tower 1, which is erected on the upper surface of the weight 18, has a part that protrudes above the sea, as shown in Figure 3. If there is, it is judged from its slope.

Incidentally, the inclination of the portion of the tower 1 that projects above the sea corresponds to the direction of the unevenness of the upper surface of the rubble 14, and the amount of seaward projection of the tower 1 corresponds to the height of the upper surface of the rubble 14.

As shown in Figure 3, the tower 1 is constructed by arranging beams 5 and reinforcement members 6 at appropriate intervals on four pillars 4 that are planted on the top surface of a weight 18. A metal fitting 9 for wire hooking is provided at the upper end portion.

The main body of the rough weight 18 is made of a rectangular extra-thick steel plate 20, and steel protrusions for compacting the rubble 14 may be arranged at equal intervals on the lower surface of the main body.

In addition, drain holes 24 are formed in the main body, which reduce the falling resistance of the weight 18 and prevent scattering of small rubble stones 14 that are formed when the weight 18 lands on the bottom.

Towers 1 are installed at the four corners of the top surface of the extra-thick steel plate 20.
Metal fittings 26 .

On the other hand, Figure 4 (A) omits the tower 1 in Figure 3.
It is also possible to suspend the weight 18 directly by the wire 28 as shown in FIG.

It should be noted that a protruding member made of a substantially cylindrical steel pipe may be formed on the weight 18 by extending it inside the tower 1, or the protruding member made of a substantially cylindrical steel pipe may be used instead of the tower 1. may be placed upright on the weight 18.

When the upper surface of the rubble 14 is roughly leveled as described above, the weight 18 is repeatedly dropped until the upper surface becomes flat at the planned height Ho.

At this time, the height of the upper surface of the rubble 14 is determined from the point at which the tower 1 protrudes into the sea, and the height at which the weight 18 falls is adjusted according to the determined height.

When the final leveling of the upper surface of the rubble 14 is completed and the underwater rubble foundation is completed, the caisson 10 is installed on top of it as described above.

In this way, the process of leveling the rubble foundation underwater proceeds in the order of throwing rubble, rough leveling, and main leveling.

Next, to explain the equipment on board the ship, the winding of the wire 28 is carried out by a winder 34 mounted in the crane room 32 of the work boat 30 as shown in FIG.
4 is controlled by a control panel 36 provided in the crane room 32 as shown in FIG.

The load on the winding machine 34 is detected by a load cell 38 (for detecting the bottoming of the weight 18), and the detection signal, that is, the bottoming detection signal of the weight 18 is supplied to the control panel 36.

Note that a gauge 82 is attached to the boom 80, and the load on the winding machine 34 for detecting the bottoming of the weight 18 is determined by the gauge 82.
It is also possible to measure the amount of deflection of the boom 80 and extract the bottoming detection signal.

Roughly speaking, control commands are given to the control panel 36 from an arithmetic unit 40 composed of a computer, and the arithmetic unit 4
0 is connected to a keyboard 42 and a display 44 such as a CRT.

A transmitter/receiver 46 configured by wire or wireless is also connected to the arithmetic device 40, and communication is performed between the transmitter/receiver 46 and the transmitter/receiver 48.

A measuring device 50 is connected to this transmitter/receiver 48,
A water pressure gauge 52 and a floodlight 54 are connected to the measuring device 50.

The transmitter/receiver 48, the measuring device 50, the water pressure gauge 52, and the floodlight 54 are installed on the side of the monitoring stand 70 set up on the water. There is.

Note that this water pressure gauge 52 may be installed on the top surface of rubble thrown into the water near the existing caisson 10.

The projector 54 includes a laser oscillator 56 that emits a laser beam horizontally, a drive mechanism 58 that rotationally drives the laser oscillator 56, and a control device 60 for the same.

The laser beam from the projector 54 is applied to, for example, two optical position detectors 62 shown in FIG. 1, which detect the incident position of the laser beam.

For this reason, a photodiode, a photo 1 to transistor array, or a PSD is used as the light receiving element of each optical position detector 62.

Note that each optical position detector 62 may be a mechanism capable of rotationally driving a light receiving element so that the incident position of the laser beam can be detected at a wide angle.

It is also preferable to use a static scanning type.

These optical position detectors 62 are, for example, the pillars 4 of the tower 1...
. . . are necessarily attached to the exposed portion above the water (or the connecting member 19a in FIG. 4) so as to extend in the vertical direction.

Further, a transmitter/receiver 66 is attached to the upper end of the tower 1, and each optical position detector 62 is connected to this transmitter/receiver 66.

Communication is also carried out between the transmitter/receiver 66 and the transmitter/receiver 46, and the height of the top surface of the rubble 14 is determined in the arithmetic unit 40 based on data given via the transmitter/receiver 66.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, water pressure gauges 68 are provided at each of the four corners of the upper surface of the weight 18, and the water pressure gauges 68 are also connected to the transmitter/receiver 6.
6.

The present embodiment thus has the above-mentioned configuration, and its operation will be explained below based on the flowchart of FIG. 7.

When the dropping of rubble onto the seabed 12 is completed, the power is turned on to the arithmetic unit 40.

As a result, an operation start command is given to the measuring device 50 via the transmitter/receiver 1146.48 (step 100).

In this measuring device 50, a calculation operation is started to determine the top surface height of the rubble 14 which has been leveled from the output signal of the water pressure gauge 52, and the calculation result is transmitted to the transmitter/receiver 48.
46 to the arithmetic unit 40 and displayed on the display 44 (step 102>).

Next, when data such as the rough leveling height Hl and the main leveling height 1-1o of the rubble stone 14 that will serve as the foundation are input from the keyboard 42 (step 104), the weight is moved at the position where rough leveling is to be started. 18 is once dropped (step 106).

Further, the water pressure value detected by the water pressure gauge 68 provided on the weight 18 and given through the transmission/reception 1466.46 is taken into the calculation device 40, and based on this, the top surface height of the rubble 14 is determined. The display is performed (
Step 108).

When the start of rough leveling work is commanded from the keyboard 42 (step 110 YES), the weight 18 is first raised to a height determined by the height of the top surface of the rubble 14 that was required at that time, and then it is dropped. (Step 11
2).

At that time, the bottoming posture of the weight 8 is determined based on the water pressure value detected by each water pressure gauge 68, and the posture is displayed. At the same time, the amount of sinking due to the fall of one weight (including the error of 1) is displayed (step 114).
.

Roughly speaking, when the falling height of the weight 18 is determined and displayed based on the current height one weight sinking amount based on the water pressure value detected by the water pressure gauge 68 (step 116), the arithmetic unit 40 In step 118, it is determined whether rough leveling of the top surface of the rubble has been completed.

If the rough leveling of the top surface of the rubble is not completed, the above operation is repeated, and during this time, the direction of unevenness and the amount of inclination of the top surface of the rubble can be visually confirmed quantitatively from the display of the landing position of the weight 18. The falling position of No. 18 is accurately determined.

Thereafter, when the rough leveling of the top surface of the rubble is completed and a notification to that effect is given from the keyboard 42 to the arithmetic unit 40 (step 11
8), a command to start operation is given from the arithmetic device 40 to the control device 60 of the projector 54 via the transceivers 46, 48 and the measuring device 50 (step 120).

This starts the laser oscillation operation and rotational drive of the laser oscillator 56, and the laser beam of the laser oscillator 56 is emitted at a wide angle in the horizontal direction.

This laser beam is repeatedly turned on and off in a predetermined pattern, and the optical position detector 62 of tower 1...
The light is received by

When the rough leveling is completed, the top surface of the rubble is almost flat, and the laser beam from the laser oscillator 56 is emitted horizontally in a wide angle direction, so the weight 18 is used to control the rough leveling completed range. No matter which position the weight 18 moves to, when the weight 18 touches the bottom, the laser beam emitted from the chisel 56 is always received by all the optical position detectors 62 .

Also, the laser beam is turned on in a predetermined pattern.

Since they are repeatedly turned off, the optical position detector 62 reliably distinguishes the laser beam incident on them from ambient light.

The incident positions of the laser beams detected by these optical position detectors 62... Based on this, the attitude of the weight 18 (that is, the direction of the unevenness of the top surface of the rubble) at the height of the top surface of the rubble while the weight 18 is landing on the bottom can be determined with extremely high accuracy.

While waiting until the actual leveling starts (step 122 No), the planned height Ho of the top surface of the rubble is displayed together with the attitude of the weight 18 (step 1
24).

After that, when the keyboard 42 issues a command to the arithmetic unit 40 to start the main leveling work (step 122 YES), the weight 18 is first raised to a height determined by the top surface height of the rubble 14 that was required at that time. , then the weight 1
8 is dropped (step 126).

At that time, the bottoming posture of the weight 18 is determined based on the incident position of the laser beam detected by each optical position detector 62, and the posture is displayed, and the planned height HO of the rubble 14 and the current At the same time, the amount of sinking due to the drop of one weight from the height is also displayed (step 128).

Planned height HO and current height of Zaraani rubble stone 14.

When the falling height of the weight 18 is accurately determined based on the amount of sinking due to the falling weight and is displayed (step 130), the arithmetic unit 40 determines whether the main leveling of the top surface of the rubble has been completed or not. It is determined whether (step 132).

If the main leveling of the top surface of the rubble is not completed, the above operation is repeated, and during this time, the direction and inclination of the unevenness of the top surface of the rubble can be visually confirmed quantitatively from the display of the bottoming position of the weight 18, The falling position of No. 18 is accurately determined.

Thereafter, when the main leveling of the top surface of the rubble is completed, a notification to that effect is sent from the keyboard 42 to the arithmetic unit 40.Step 13
2 YES), an operation end command is output from the arithmetic device 40 via the transceivers 46, 48 and the measuring device 50 (step 134).

As can be understood from the above explanation, during rough leveling, the current height of the top surface of the rubble is determined from the water pressure, and the falling height of the weight 18 is roughly determined based on the current height and the sinking amount of the weight. is automatically requested and displayed.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, even an unskilled person can operate the crane easily and accurately.

Further, since the attitude of the weight 18 that has landed on the bottom during rough leveling is displayed, the direction of the unevenness of the top surface of the rubble can be accurately confirmed from the display and the attitude of the tower 1.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, even an unskilled person can easily and accurately operate the crane to move the weight 18 to the position where it should fall.

Since the crane operation can be performed easily and accurately in this way, rough leveling work on the top surface of the rubble can be performed in a short time.

During this time, the falling height of the weight 18 is automatically determined, so there is no need for personnel to measure it.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, the number of personnel for the rough leveling work can be reduced, and as a result, the efficiency of the rough leveling work can be greatly improved.

Further, during the main leveling work that is performed following the rough leveling, the current height of the top surface of the rubble is automatically determined by the arithmetic unit 40 using the light projector 54 and the optical position detector 62.

Furthermore, the planned height Ho and the current height of the rubble stone 14.

The falling height of the weight 18 is automatically calculated and displayed based on the sinkage caused by the weight falling.

Therefore, from this point of view as well, it becomes possible to operate the crane easily and accurately.

Further, since the attitude of the weight 18 that has landed on the bottom during the main leveling is displayed, the direction of the unevenness of the top surface of the rubble can be accurately confirmed from the display and the attitude of the tower 1.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, it is possible to easily and accurately perform the crane operation to move the weight 18 to the position where it is to be dropped.

Since the crane operation can be performed easily and accurately in this way, it is possible to perform the actual leveling work of the top surface of the rubble in a short time.

Even during this time, the falling height of the weight 18 is automatically determined, so there is no need for personnel to perform the measurement.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, the number of personnel for the final leveling work can be reduced, and as a result, the efficiency of the final leveling work can be greatly improved.

Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the measuring device 50. Water pressure gauge 52.
Transmitter/receiver 48. By arranging and connecting the floodlight 54, work can be started immediately from rough leveling, and therefore the underwater rubble foundation can be completed in a shorter period of time.

Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the laser oscillator 56 is rotationally driven and the laser beam is emitted in a wide angle direction.
There is no need to direct this toward the direction of the tower 1, and therefore the work of installing the floodlight 54 is facilitated.

According to this embodiment, the laser beam of the light projector 54 is repeatedly turned on and off in a predetermined pattern, and the laser beam is reliably distinguished from ambient light by the optical position detector 62. It becomes possible to always measure the direction of the unevenness without error.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is an explanatory diagram of the overall configuration of the measurement system, Figure 2 (A)
, (B), (C), (D) are explanatory diagrams of the work procedure,
Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram of the structure of the tower, Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram of the structure of the weight, Figure 5 is an explanatory diagram of the onboard equipment, Figure 6 is an illustration of the rubble dropping position, and Figure 7 is the operation of the measurement system. It is a flow chart explaining. 1... Tower 10... Caisson 12... Seabed 14... Rubble 18... Weight 28... Wire 34... Winder 36... Control panel 38... Load cell 40 . . . Arithmetic device 42 . ...Connecting member 66...Transmitter/receiver 68...Water pressure gauge 70...Monitoring stand

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A reference water pressure gauge dropped to the bottom of the water at a predetermined depth, a comparison water pressure gauge installed on a weight that levels the top surface of rubble stacked on the water bottom by repeated falls, and the weight an interlocking element that moves up and down on the water in conjunction with the interlocking element; a floodlight that irradiates the interlocking element with a horizontal beam that serves as a reference for height measurement; and a beam irradiator that is installed on the interlocking element and detects the irradiation position of the beam. It is characterized by comprising a position detector, and a measuring device that determines the leveled height of the underwater rubble foundation based on the measurement results from the water pressure gauge and the measurement results detected by the beam irradiation position detector. A leveling device for underwater rubble foundations.