JPS63139102A - Seed coating agent - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an inexpensive and readily practicable plant seed coating agent capable of promoting growth of individual plants by a simple method for coating seeds several times, shortening number of days required for germination and increasing yield, by using chitosan, etc., as a solution. CONSTITUTION:A plant seed coating agent obtained by treating chitosan or chitosan preparable by treating chitin commercially available as a flocculant for water treatment with a concentrated alkali or treating the chitosan with hydrochloric acid to provide low-molecular colloidal chitosan, diluting the chitosan or low-molecular colloidal chitosan with a diluting aqueous solution and using as the diluted solution in 0.01-2.0%, preferably 0.05-1.0wt% concentration. Lactic acid, ascorbic acid, hydrochloric acid, etc., in 0.1-0.4%, preferably 0.20-0.30% concentration are cited as the above-mentioned diluting aqueous solution. Plant seeds of non-seasonal variety of GOSUN NINJIN [(carrot having about 15.2cm length) Daucus carota L.], soybean, etc., are preferably coated therewith several times by wet-on-wet coating.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention "Field of Industrial Application" The present invention relates to a plant seed coating agent containing chitosan, which is a natural basic polysaccharide, and more specifically to a seed coating agent for increasing plant yield. It is.

"Prior Art" Chitin is a linear polysaccharide that forms the supporting tissue of crustaceans, fungi, etc., and is an unused organic resource that is estimated to be biologically produced at an annual rate of 1011 tons on the entire earth. It is the biggest one.

Chitosan is a deacetylated product of chitin, and while chitin is poorly soluble in solvents, it is a cationic polymer that is soluble in dilute acids. Industrially, chitosan is hardly used other than as a commercially available flocculant for water treatment, and its effective use is being investigated in various fields.

Regarding seed coating to increase plant yield,
There are various reports, but all of them are complicated and involve increasing the strength of the seeds to prevent a decline in germination rate (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1983-1983).
102) and increasing the germination rate by suppressing the infection of harmful bacteria in the soil (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 146503/1983), there were many indirect methods that canceled out negative factors.

"Problems to be Solved by the Invention" As a result of extensive research aimed at directly increasing yields, the inventor of the present invention has found that a simple method of making chitosan into a solution and coating seeds several times will promote the growth of plants themselves, as well as It was found that the yield was increased.

Means for Solving Problems J The present invention provides a seed coating agent characterized by dissolving chitosan or colloidal chitosan in a dilute aqueous acid solution. Chitosan can be prepared by treating chitin with a concentrated alkali, and colloidal chitosan is obtained by reducing the molecular weight of chitosan by treating it with hydrochloric acid. Types of acids that dissolve chitosan or colloidal chitosan include lactic acid, acetic acid, ascorbic acid, hydrochloric acid, etc., and the concentration thereof is 0.1 to 0.4χ, preferably 0.20
~0.30χ is good. The concentration of chitosan and colloidal chitosan is 0.01 to 2. Ox preferably 0.05-1
．． 0χ is good. As a coating method, it is preferable to apply several coats. EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically explained below with reference to Examples.

Example] Chitosan and colloidal chitosan were added to ginseng seeds at 1.0% each. The seeds were coated five times with a solution dissolved in a 0.25X lactic acid aqueous solution (pH 5, 4) to give a concentration of 5.0 oz, and 50 pieces of each were sown in soil (sown in bulk, without transplanting).

After 92 days, the noodles were harvested, the length of the noodles and the weight of the roots were measured, and the average value was determined. The results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Note) The ratio is expressed with the untreated area as 100χ.

Example 2 After sorting soybean seeds (Oumi Mitori), 50 seeds each were treated with 1. The seeds were coated five times with a solution (pH 5,57) dissolved in an aqueous lactic acid solution (pH 5,57) to give OX, and germinated on a moist filter paper in a room at constant temperature (22°C) and constant humidity (45χ or 70χ). The results are shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Note: A = (Σ (number of germination days x number of germinated seeds)) ÷ total number of germinated seeds.
Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, by coating plant seeds with chitosan or colloidal chitosan, it is expected that the number of germination days will be shortened and the yield will be increased due to the growth promoting effect. Furthermore, since it is inexpensive and simple, it is easy to put it into practical use.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) Seed coating agent characterized by using chitosan or colloidal chitosan as a solution (2) The concentration of chitosan or colloidal chitosan is 0
．． 01 to 2.0% of the coating agent according to claim (1). (3) The coating agent according to claim (1), characterized in that a dilute acid aqueous solution is used as a solvent.