JPS63132755A - Nozzle for continuous casting - Google Patents
Nozzle for continuous castingInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63132755A JPS63132755A JP28135886A JP28135886A JPS63132755A JP S63132755 A JPS63132755 A JP S63132755A JP 28135886 A JP28135886 A JP 28135886A JP 28135886 A JP28135886 A JP 28135886A JP S63132755 A JPS63132755 A JP S63132755A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- nozzle
- molten steel
- inner hole
- cao
- hole wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910000655 Killed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000031872 Body Remains Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003799 water insoluble solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
- B22D41/52—Manufacturing or repairing thereof
- B22D41/54—Manufacturing or repairing thereof characterised by the materials used therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
連続鋳造では、取鍋からタンディツシュへ、或いはタン
ディツシュからモールドへ溶鋼をノズル(ロングノズル
、タンディツシュノズル或いは浸漬ノズル)を介して、
順次移送するようになっており、このノズルにはアルミ
ナ−黒鉛質耐火物が使用されている。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] In continuous casting, molten steel is passed from a ladle to a tundish or from a tundish to a mold through a nozzle (long nozzle, tundish nozzle, or immersion nozzle).
The nozzle is designed to be transferred sequentially, and an alumina-graphite refractory is used for this nozzle.
このアルミナ−黒鉛質耐火物は耐食性、耐スポーリング
性に優れてはいるが、溶鋼から析出するアルミナの付着
によるノズル閉塞を起こし易いという欠点がある。特に
アルミキルド鋼の場合には溶鋼中の脱酸生成物であるA
jlgOs等の非金属介在物が存在し、これ等の物質が
ノズルの内孔壁或いは吐出口に付着し、次第に成長して
遂には閉塞してしまうといった事態を生じさせる。Although this alumina-graphite refractory has excellent corrosion resistance and spalling resistance, it has the disadvantage that nozzle clogging is likely to occur due to adhesion of alumina precipitated from molten steel. Especially in the case of aluminum killed steel, A is a deoxidation product in molten steel.
Nonmetallic inclusions such as jlgOs are present, and these substances adhere to the inner hole wall or discharge port of the nozzle, gradually grow, and eventually become clogged.
また、溶鋼中の上記非金属介在物のクラスター或いは閉
塞物が鋳型品中に捕捉されると、製品の欠陥となる。Furthermore, if clusters or blockages of the non-metallic inclusions in the molten steel are captured in the molded product, it will result in defects in the product.
このような欠点を解決するために、ノズル内周面に不活
性ガスを吹き込み、A l t Os等の非金属介在物
の付着を防止する方法が知られているが、この方法を用
いても連続鋳造を重ねていくと、ノズル吐出口内で上記
非金属介在物が成長し、閉塞されることがあり、安定し
た閉塞防止効果が得られない。In order to solve these drawbacks, a method is known in which inert gas is blown into the inner circumferential surface of the nozzle to prevent non-metallic inclusions such as Al t Os from adhering. When continuous casting is repeated, the non-metallic inclusions may grow inside the nozzle discharge port and cause blockage, making it impossible to obtain a stable blockage prevention effect.
また、タンディツシュ内或いはノズル内孔に、A 41
t Os質材酸いはCaO質材のフィルターを配する
ことにより、脱酸生成物の吸着、濾過を行う方法も知ら
れているが、フィルターが脱酸生成物によって詰まって
しまった場合には、フィルターの取り替えに手数がかか
り、操業に支障を来していたのである。In addition, A41 inside the tundish or nozzle inner hole.
It is also known to adsorb and filter deoxidized products by arranging a filter made of Os-based material or CaO-based material, but if the filter becomes clogged with deoxidized products, However, replacing filters was time consuming and hindered operations.
この発明は、上記従来の事情に鑑みて提案されたもので
あって、ノズル本体のアルミナ−黒鉛質の特性を活かし
ながら、且つノズル内孔壁や吐出口に非金属介在物が付
着しない連続鋳造用ノズルを提供することを目的とする
ものである。This invention has been proposed in view of the above-mentioned conventional circumstances, and is a continuous casting method that takes advantage of the alumina-graphite properties of the nozzle body and prevents non-metallic inclusions from adhering to the nozzle inner hole wall or discharge port. The purpose is to provide a nozzle for
上記目的を達成するために、この発明は以下のような手
段を採用している。即ち、ノズル本体のノズル内孔壁及
び/或いは吐出口に、CaOを50〜100重量%を含
有する石灰質材で所定厚さのコーティング層を形成した
ものである。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs the following means. That is, a coating layer of a predetermined thickness is formed on the nozzle inner hole wall and/or the discharge port of the nozzle body using a calcareous material containing 50 to 100% by weight of CaO.
これにより、石灰質材コーティング層のCaOと溶鋼中
の非金属介在物であるA If t Osとが反応し、
12CaO+ IAlzOs、3 CaO・Altos
等の低融点且つ低比重の組成物を生成して、非金属介在
物を除去すると共に、上記低融点組成物は、ノズル吐出
口から流出してモールド内で浮上し、縫製品の中には混
入しないのである。As a result, CaO in the calcareous material coating layer reacts with A If t Os, which is a nonmetallic inclusion in the molten steel,
12CaO+ IAlzOs, 3CaO・Altos
A composition with a low melting point and a low specific gravity such as It does not mix.
コーティング層は、溶損によって徐々に薄くなるが、無
くなってしまったときにはノズル交換をすればよい。The coating layer gradually becomes thinner due to erosion, but when it disappears, the nozzle can be replaced.
上記石灰質材としては、ライムタリンカー、ドロマイト
クリンカ−、マグネシアライムクリンカー等が用いられ
、その組成は、CaOを50〜100重量%を含有して
いるのが好ましく、50重量%以下では上記効果が低下
する。As the above-mentioned calcareous material, lime talinker, dolomite clinker, magnesia lime clinker, etc. are used, and the composition thereof preferably contains 50 to 100% by weight of CaO, and if it is less than 50% by weight, the above effects are not achieved. descend.
コーティング層の厚さは、ノズル本体の寿命に対応する
厚さ、即ち5〜Lowが好ましく、5鶴以下では溶損が
早くなり、ノズル本体の寿命が残っている間にノズル交
換をしなければならず、逆にlO鶴以上であると、ノズ
ル本体の寿命が尽きてもコーティング層だけが残ること
になり、不経済である。The thickness of the coating layer is preferably a thickness that corresponds to the lifespan of the nozzle body, that is, 5~Low.If it is less than 5cm, it will melt quickly and the nozzle must be replaced while the lifespan of the nozzle body remains. On the other hand, if it is more than 1O, only the coating layer will remain even after the life of the nozzle body ends, which is uneconomical.
上記コーティング層は、ノズル本体を形成するとき同時
に一体成形してもよいし、また、ノズル本体とコーティ
ング層を別々に成形し、後にノズル本体にコーティング
層を嵌入するようにしてもよい、更に、ノズル本体を成
形した後、コーティング層を鋳込み等の方法によって形
成してもよい。The coating layer may be integrally molded at the same time as forming the nozzle body, or the nozzle body and the coating layer may be molded separately, and the coating layer may be fitted into the nozzle body later. After molding the nozzle body, the coating layer may be formed by a method such as casting.
尚、ノズル本体は、従来と同様に、黒鉛10〜50重量
%含有する耐火物で構成され、黒鉛以外の耐火原料とし
ては、アルミナ、シリカ、ジルコニア、炭化珪素、ジル
コン、シリコン等が挙げられる。黒鉛が10重量%より
少ないと耐熱衝撃性が劣り、50重量%を超えると耐酸
化性、耐溶鋼性が低下する。The nozzle body is made of a refractory containing 10 to 50% by weight of graphite, as in the past, and examples of refractory raw materials other than graphite include alumina, silica, zirconia, silicon carbide, zircon, and silicon. If graphite is less than 10% by weight, thermal shock resistance will be poor, and if it exceeds 50% by weight, oxidation resistance and molten steel resistance will be reduced.
ライムクリンカー80重量%、マグネシアクリンカ−2
0重量%、粉末レジンバインダー外掛で10重量%、非
水溶性溶媒外掛で10重量%を混練し、アルミナ−黒鉛
質ノズル(黒鉛25重量%)の内孔壁に厚み10flで
鋳込み成形した。Lime clinker 80% by weight, magnesia clinker-2
0% by weight, 10% by weight with a powder resin binder outer layer, and 10% by weight with a water-insoluble solvent outer layer, and cast into the inner hole wall of an alumina-graphite nozzle (graphite 25% by weight) to a thickness of 10 fl.
上記実施例Iのライムタリンカーに代えてドロマイトク
リンカ−を使用し、他は上記実施例Iと同様にして、ノ
ズルを成形した。A nozzle was molded in the same manner as in Example I except that dolomite clinker was used in place of the lime tarlinker in Example I above.
尚、実施例1.uとも第1図(a)に示すように、ノズ
ル本体1の吐出口3と内孔壁4の全体にコーティング層
2を形成したが、第1図(b)に示すように、吐出口3
と内孔壁4の下半部にコーティング層2を形成してもよ
い。In addition, Example 1. As shown in FIG. 1(a), a coating layer 2 was formed on the entire discharge port 3 and inner hole wall 4 of the nozzle body 1, but as shown in FIG.
A coating layer 2 may be formed on the lower half of the inner hole wall 4.
更に、上記実施例1.Ifに対する比較例として、従来
より実施されている、石灰質材のコーティング層を形成
しない通常のア、ルミナー黒鉛質ノズルを用いた。Furthermore, the above Example 1. As a comparative example for If, a conventional aluminar graphite nozzle that does not form a coating layer of calcareous material was used.
第1表は、上記2つの実施例1.IIの比較例のノズル
に対して、アルミキルド鋼(溶鋼温度1550〜157
0℃)の鋳込みを180分連続して行った後の、ノズル
内孔壁4の付着物、ノズル内孔壁4及び吐出口3の溶損
量、モールド内溶鋼中の大型介在物数を示したものであ
る。Table 1 shows the above two embodiments 1. For the nozzle of Comparative Example II, aluminum killed steel (molten steel temperature 1550-157
Shows the deposits on the nozzle inner hole wall 4, the amount of erosion on the nozzle inner hole wall 4 and the discharge port 3, and the number of large inclusions in the molten steel in the mold after 180 minutes of continuous casting at 0°C). It is something that
この第1表からも明らかなように、実施例I。As is clear from Table 1, Example I.
■とも上記4つの項目の全てに対して、従来より良好な
結果を示している。Both (3) and (3) show better results than the conventional method for all of the above four items.
(以下余白)
第1表
〔発明の効果〕
以上説明したように、この発明は、ノズル内孔壁及び/
或いは吐出口に、形成したCaOのコーティング層でア
ルミナ等の非金属介在物を除去するようにしているので
、ノズル内孔や吐出口に、それ等非金属介在物が付着成
長することがなく、況んや閉塞現象は生じない、更に、
モールド内に上記非金属介在物が流入して鋳型品に混入
するおそれもないのである。(Margins below) Table 1 [Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the present invention provides a nozzle inner hole wall and/or
Alternatively, since non-metallic inclusions such as alumina are removed by the CaO coating layer formed on the discharge port, non-metallic inclusions such as alumina will not adhere and grow in the nozzle inner hole or discharge port. No situation or blockage phenomenon will occur.Furthermore,
There is no fear that the non-metallic inclusions will flow into the mold and mix into the molded product.
第1図(a)、 (b)はこの発明に係る浸漬ノズルの
一例を示す断面図である。
図中、
1・・・ノズル本体、
2・・・コーティング層、
3・・・吐出口、
4・・・ノズル内孔壁。
第1
(a)
ムFIGS. 1(a) and 1(b) are cross-sectional views showing an example of a submerged nozzle according to the present invention. In the figure, 1... Nozzle body, 2... Coating layer, 3... Discharge port, 4... Nozzle inner hole wall. Section 1 (a)
Claims (1)
00重量%含有する石灰質材で所定の厚さのコーティン
グ層を形成したことを特徴とする連続鋳造用ノズル。Add 50 to 1% CaO to the inner hole wall and/or outlet of the main body.
1. A nozzle for continuous casting, characterized in that a coating layer of a predetermined thickness is formed with a calcareous material containing 0.00% by weight.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP28135886A JPS63132755A (en) | 1986-11-25 | 1986-11-25 | Nozzle for continuous casting |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP28135886A JPS63132755A (en) | 1986-11-25 | 1986-11-25 | Nozzle for continuous casting |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS63132755A true JPS63132755A (en) | 1988-06-04 |
Family
ID=17637996
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP28135886A Pending JPS63132755A (en) | 1986-11-25 | 1986-11-25 | Nozzle for continuous casting |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS63132755A (en) |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2633611A1 (en) * | 1988-07-01 | 1990-01-05 | Vesuvius France Sa | MATERIAL FOR CASTING BODY COMPOUND |
US5259439A (en) * | 1990-04-04 | 1993-11-09 | Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Company Limited | Strip casting |
JPH06599A (en) * | 1992-06-22 | 1994-01-11 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Method for continuously casting aluminum-killed steel for cold rolling |
AU645296B2 (en) * | 1990-04-04 | 1994-01-13 | Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Company Limited | Improvements in and relating to strip casting |
WO1994019131A1 (en) * | 1993-02-19 | 1994-09-01 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Liner for submerged entry nozzle |
JP2004136367A (en) * | 2002-09-27 | 2004-05-13 | Kurosaki Harima Corp | JOINT STRUCTURE FOR CONTINUOUS CASTING NOZZLE HAVING CARBON CONTAINING CaO BASED REFRACTORY LAYER |
JP2005060128A (en) * | 2003-08-19 | 2005-03-10 | Nippon Steel Corp | Refractory |
EP1593446A1 (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2005-11-09 | Krosakiharima Corporation | Method for manufacturing immersion nozzle less susceptible to deposition of alumina for use in continuous casting |
JP2006239756A (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2006-09-14 | Kurosaki Harima Corp | Continuous casting nozzle and continuous casting method |
JP2008173667A (en) * | 2007-01-18 | 2008-07-31 | Nippon Steel Corp | Continuous casting method of steel |
JP2008173660A (en) * | 2007-01-17 | 2008-07-31 | Nippon Steel Corp | Continuous casting method of steel |
US7591976B2 (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2009-09-22 | Krosakiharima Corporation | Nozzle for use in continuous casting |
US8354354B2 (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2013-01-15 | Krosakiharima Corporation | Anti-alumina-buildup refractories for casting nozzles |
CN110918970A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-03-27 | 中天钢铁集团有限公司 | Submerged nozzle lining material for reducing wire breakage rate in silicon-deoxidized steel processing process |
-
1986
- 1986-11-25 JP JP28135886A patent/JPS63132755A/en active Pending
Cited By (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2633611A1 (en) * | 1988-07-01 | 1990-01-05 | Vesuvius France Sa | MATERIAL FOR CASTING BODY COMPOUND |
US5259439A (en) * | 1990-04-04 | 1993-11-09 | Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Company Limited | Strip casting |
AU645296B2 (en) * | 1990-04-04 | 1994-01-13 | Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Company Limited | Improvements in and relating to strip casting |
JPH06599A (en) * | 1992-06-22 | 1994-01-11 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Method for continuously casting aluminum-killed steel for cold rolling |
WO1994019131A1 (en) * | 1993-02-19 | 1994-09-01 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Liner for submerged entry nozzle |
EP1593446A4 (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2006-05-24 | Krosakiharima Corp | Method for manufacturing immersion nozzle less susceptible to deposition of alumina for use in continuous casting |
EP1593446A1 (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2005-11-09 | Krosakiharima Corporation | Method for manufacturing immersion nozzle less susceptible to deposition of alumina for use in continuous casting |
US8354354B2 (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2013-01-15 | Krosakiharima Corporation | Anti-alumina-buildup refractories for casting nozzles |
JP2004136367A (en) * | 2002-09-27 | 2004-05-13 | Kurosaki Harima Corp | JOINT STRUCTURE FOR CONTINUOUS CASTING NOZZLE HAVING CARBON CONTAINING CaO BASED REFRACTORY LAYER |
JP4547556B2 (en) * | 2002-09-27 | 2010-09-22 | 黒崎播磨株式会社 | Immersion nozzle for continuous casting |
JP2005060128A (en) * | 2003-08-19 | 2005-03-10 | Nippon Steel Corp | Refractory |
JP4580155B2 (en) * | 2003-08-19 | 2010-11-10 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Continuous casting nozzle |
US7591976B2 (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2009-09-22 | Krosakiharima Corporation | Nozzle for use in continuous casting |
JP2006239756A (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2006-09-14 | Kurosaki Harima Corp | Continuous casting nozzle and continuous casting method |
JP4589151B2 (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2010-12-01 | 黒崎播磨株式会社 | Nozzle for continuous casting and continuous casting method |
JP2008173660A (en) * | 2007-01-17 | 2008-07-31 | Nippon Steel Corp | Continuous casting method of steel |
JP2008173667A (en) * | 2007-01-18 | 2008-07-31 | Nippon Steel Corp | Continuous casting method of steel |
CN110918970A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-03-27 | 中天钢铁集团有限公司 | Submerged nozzle lining material for reducing wire breakage rate in silicon-deoxidized steel processing process |
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