JPS63123430A - Emulsifying agent for emulsion and its production - Google Patents
Emulsifying agent for emulsion and its productionInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63123430A JPS63123430A JP61268316A JP26831686A JPS63123430A JP S63123430 A JPS63123430 A JP S63123430A JP 61268316 A JP61268316 A JP 61268316A JP 26831686 A JP26831686 A JP 26831686A JP S63123430 A JPS63123430 A JP S63123430A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- emulsion
- water
- heavy oil
- mixture
- emulsifying agent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229940043430 calcium compound Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001674 calcium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 abstract 1
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000003278 egg shell Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 Ca++ ion Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000208365 Celastraceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000000336 Solanum dulcamara Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004424 carbon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007762 w/o emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、エマルジ冒ン用の乳化剤及びその製造方法に
関するもので、特に、カルシウム化合物の粉末と炭素粉
末を混合し、その混合物を加水することによって得られ
るエマルジ璽ン用の乳化剤とその製造方法に関するもの
である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an emulsifier for emulsion and a method for producing the same, and in particular, the present invention relates to an emulsifier for emulsion and a method for producing the same. The present invention relates to an emulsifier for emulsifiers obtained by this method and a method for producing the same.
（従来の技術及びその問題点）
油に水を混入してエマルジ璽ン化し、燃焼させることは
、燃料の節約あるいは燃焼効率の増大等、多大な効果を
有するため広（研究され、これに関する装置等も開発さ
れていた。(Prior art and its problems) Mixing water with oil to form an emulsion and combusting it has great effects such as saving fuel and increasing combustion efficiency. etc. were also developed.
例えば、エマルジョン乳化剤として、各種の界面活性剤
を用いていたが、これら従来の乳化剤は、コストが嵩む
上に、加水率が低い等の問題点を有し、かつ燃焼後もボ
イラー内に残存する等、装置の寿命を短くしていた。For example, various surfactants have been used as emulsifiers, but these conventional emulsifiers are expensive, have problems such as low water addition rates, and remain in the boiler even after combustion. etc., shortened the life of the device.
また、乳化剤を用いずに油滴の中に水を噴射して、油中
水型エマルジアンを得る装置も開発された。この装置に
よれば、ノズルより水を強力に噴射し、油滴中に水滴を
含有させるものであるが、この方法では、装置が大掛り
となるばかりでなく、加水率も限定され、かつノズルの
構造、性能に左右されることが多く、また故障しやすい
などの欠点があり、均一なエマルジ璽ンが常に得られる
とは限らなかった。Additionally, a device has been developed to obtain a water-in-oil emulsion by injecting water into oil droplets without using an emulsifier. According to this device, water is powerfully injected from a nozzle to incorporate water droplets into oil droplets, but this method not only requires a large-scale device, but also limits the rate of water addition, and the nozzle It often depends on the structure and performance of the emulsion, and has drawbacks such as being prone to failure, and it is not always possible to obtain a uniform emulsion seal.
本発明は上記のような従来例に鑑みてなされたもので、
簡易な方法で加水率の大きい均一した工マルジョン燃料
を得ることを目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional examples, and
The purpose is to obtain a uniform engineered emulsion fuel with a high water addition rate using a simple method.
（問題点を解決するための手段）
上記目的を達成するために、本発明はカルシウム化合物
の粉末と炭素粉末の混合物に水を加えて成るエマルジョ
ン用の乳化剤及びカルシウム化合物の粉末及びこれと同
量の炭素粉末を攪拌し、その後この混合物を２０ｇにつ
き２０１を加えた混合液を構成し、該混合液を３００倍
に稀釈するエマルジョン用の乳化剤の製造方法よりなる
。(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an emulsifier for an emulsion made by adding water to a mixture of a calcium compound powder and a carbon powder, and a calcium compound powder and an equivalent amount thereof. The method for producing an emulsifier for emulsions consists of stirring carbon powder, then adding 201 to 20 g of this mixture to form a mixed solution, and diluting the mixed solution 300 times.
（実施例）
本発明を実施例に基づいて説明する。まず製造方法の実
施例について述べる。(Example) The present invention will be described based on an example. First, an example of the manufacturing method will be described.
カルシウム化合物たる鶏卵等の卵のカラを砕き、５００
メツシュ以上の微粉末とし、この微粉末をＳＯＯ℃〜９
００℃の高温で約５時間以上焼成する。この焼成過程中
にカルシウムが酸化カルシウムとなる。Crush the shells of eggs such as chicken eggs, which are calcium compounds, and add 500
The fine powder is made into a fine powder of mesh size or higher, and this fine powder is SOO℃~9
Bake at a high temperature of 00°C for about 5 hours or more. During this firing process, calcium becomes calcium oxide.
その後このカルシウム化合物の焼成物と同量の炭素粉末
を混入し攪拌する。また、この場合、前記焼成温度を約
７５０℃とすれば、焼成後に炭素が生成されるから、前
述の炭素粉末の混入量を減らすことができる。Thereafter, the same amount of carbon powder as the calcined product of the calcium compound is mixed and stirred. Further, in this case, if the firing temperature is set to about 750° C., carbon is generated after firing, so that the amount of the carbon powder mixed in can be reduced.
そして、この混合物に対し、混合物２０ｇに対して水２
０１の割合で加水し、混合液を作る。このようにして得
られた混合液を３００倍の水で稀釈することによりエマ
ルジアン用の乳化剤が得られる。なお、これらの水を加
える場合に、磁界を通過させた水を用いれば、カルシウ
ム化合物等のイオン化がより促進される。Then, for this mixture, add 20g of water to 20g of the mixture.
Add water at a ratio of 0.01 to make a mixed solution. An emulsifier for emulsion can be obtained by diluting the mixture thus obtained with 300 times more water. In addition, when adding these waters, if water that has been passed through a magnetic field is used, ionization of calcium compounds and the like is further promoted.
このようにして得られたエマルジアン用の乳化剤は、石
灰（Ｃａｂ）６９．８％、無水炭酸（Ｃ０２）１４．１
％を主成分とし、その他に苦±（Ｍｇｏ）、ナトリウム
（Ｎａ、０３等を含む。The thus obtained emulsifier for emulsion contained 69.8% lime (Cab) and 14.1% carbonic anhydride (C02).
% as the main component, and also contains bittersweet (Mgo), sodium (Na, 03, etc.).
そして、カルシウム（Ｃａ）が水に溶は水酸化カルシウ
ム（Ｃａ （ＯＨ）、）となり、この水酸化カルシウム
がイオン化して、Ｃａ＋＋イオンと２個のＯＨ−イオン
に分離する。また乳化剤中の水もイオン化して、Ｈ２Ｏ
がＨ＋イオンとＯＨ−イオンとに分離する。When calcium (Ca) dissolves in water, it becomes calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)), and this calcium hydroxide is ionized and separated into a Ca++ ion and two OH- ions. Also, the water in the emulsifier is ionized and H2O
is separated into H+ ions and OH- ions.
この乳化剤を、Ｂ重油あるいはＣ重油８０％に対し２０
％の割合で、またＡ重油の場合は、Ａ重油７０％に対し
３０％の割合で混入しエマルジアン用を製造する。重油
は炭化水素が主成分であるから上述のＣａ”イオンが、
この炭化水素と結合して重油のエマルジアン化を促進す
るものと考えられる。Add this emulsifier to 80% of B heavy oil or C heavy oil at 20%
%, and in the case of A heavy oil, it is mixed at a ratio of 30% to 70% of A heavy oil to produce an emulsion product. Since heavy oil is mainly composed of hydrocarbons, the above-mentioned Ca" ions,
It is thought that it combines with this hydrocarbon and promotes emulsification of heavy oil.
また、炭素は、仲介物質として、重油、水、カルシウム
等の分子結合を促進させ、エマルジアン化させるもので
ある。更に前記カルシウムは、エマルジアン化した油滴
の安定剤としての働きをなし、隣りあった各油滴の衝突
・結合を防止し、油滴の分散を図る。Further, carbon acts as an intermediary substance and promotes molecular bonding of heavy oil, water, calcium, etc., and causes emulsification. Furthermore, the calcium acts as a stabilizer for the emulsified oil droplets, preventing collisions and combinations of adjacent oil droplets and dispersing the oil droplets.
上述のように本実施例のエマルジアン用の乳化剤の製造
方法によれば、製造工程や手段が簡易であると共に製造
コストも安価である等の長所がある。As described above, the method for manufacturing an emulsifier for emulsifiers of this embodiment has advantages such as simple manufacturing process and means and low manufacturing cost.
本実施例の製造方法で製造されたエマルジアン用の乳化
剤を用いた場合は、長期間安定したエマルジョン燃料が
でき、９０℃以上加温しても水と燃料が分離しない。従
って従来のバーナー直前混合方式ではなく、サービスタ
ンク供給方式が採用できると共にタンクローリ−車での
供給も可能である。更に、従来のような重質油だけでな
く、灯油、特Ａ重油、Ａ重油でも安定したエマルジアン
用が得られるのである。When the emulsifier for emulsifier produced by the production method of this example is used, an emulsion fuel that is stable for a long period of time can be obtained, and water and fuel will not separate even when heated to 90° C. or higher. Therefore, instead of the conventional mixing method immediately before the burner, a service tank supply method can be adopted, and supply by a tank lorry is also possible. Furthermore, stable emulsion products can be obtained not only with conventional heavy oils but also with kerosene, special A heavy oil, and A heavy oil.
また、この燃料をタンクからバーナーに供給すル場合、
バーナー直前で磁界を通過させることによ咋、エマルジ
アン用料が更にイオン化され、燃料がガス化してバーナ
ーに供給される。Also, if this fuel is supplied from the tank to the burner,
By passing a magnetic field just in front of the burner, the emulsian feedstock is further ionized and the fuel is gasified and fed to the burner.
更にこのエマルジアン用の乳化剤は、次のような効果を
有している。Furthermore, this emulsifier for emulsion has the following effects.
［１１焼成効率が非常に高く、ばいじん量は［０゜１０
ｇ／Ｎｍｌ以下、また供給空気量の低減等によりＮＯｘ
は１５０ｐｐｍ以下、ＳＯｘはサルファー度１．５程度
の重質油でも５００ｐｐｍ前後と公害実測値を著しく低
減でき、従って公害対策費用も削減できる。[11 The firing efficiency is very high, and the amount of soot and dust is [0°10
g/Nml or less, and by reducing the amount of supplied air, etc.
The actual pollution value can be significantly reduced to 150 ppm or less, and SOx is around 500 ppm even with heavy oil with a sulfur degree of about 1.5, and the cost of pollution countermeasures can also be reduced.
（２）水と燃料の混合攪拌が簡単で、エマルジアン用置
が安価ですむと共に、空気量が少なくてすむ（０，１，
０％前後）ので、送風機の電気料を削減できる。(2) It is easy to mix and stir water and fuel, it is inexpensive to install an emulsion, and the amount of air is small (0, 1,
(around 0%), so you can reduce the electricity bill for the blower.
（３）炉内の残留炭素の完全燃焼によりボイラーの保守
が簡単になる。(3) Complete combustion of residual carbon in the furnace simplifies boiler maintenance.
（４）燃料費が乳化剤の費用を差し引いた実質で３％〜
２０％節約でき、また、水混合重分だけ高いサルファー
度の燃料が使用でき、その分だけ燃料費が節約できる。(4) Fuel cost is 3% in real terms after deducting the cost of emulsifier
It can save 20%, and it also allows the use of fuel with a higher sulfur content by the amount of water mixed with it, which can save fuel costs by that much.
次に本発明によるエマルジョン用の乳化剤を用いた重油
の燃焼テスト結果を掲げる。Next, the results of a heavy oil combustion test using the emulsifier for emulsions according to the present invention are listed.
■ 表１と表２のＣ重油を同量混合したＣ１ｉ油９０％
と、再生Ｂ重油１０％よりなる混合油の燃焼データーを
表３で示し、かつこの混合油の燃焼時のばいじん等の計
量測定結果を表４で示す。■ 90% C1i oil mixed with the same amount of C heavy oil in Tables 1 and 2
Table 3 shows the combustion data of a mixed oil consisting of 10% recycled B heavy oil, and Table 4 shows the measurement results of soot and dust during combustion of this mixed oil.
（表１）
（表２）
（表３）
■ 次に、本発明のエマルジアン用の乳化剤を加えた燃
料（表５）の燃焼データーを表６に示し、また同燃料の
ばいじん等の計量測定結果を表７で示す。(Table 1) (Table 2) (Table 3) ■ Next, Table 6 shows the combustion data of the fuel (Table 5) to which the emulsifier for the emulsifier of the present invention has been added, and also the measurement results of soot and dust of the same fuel. are shown in Table 7.
（表５）
１表６）
上記のテスト結果より、燃料節約効果は次の通り、１２
．５７％となる。(Table 5) 1Table 6) From the above test results, the fuel saving effect is as follows: 12
．． This will be 57%.
燃料節約効果＝正味 倍 −専 倍正味蒸発倍数
＝１７．５−１５．３＝１２．５７％
１７．５
（発明の効果）
上述の如く、本発明によれば、容易かつ安価に安定した
エマルジアン用の乳化剤を製造することができ、このエ
マルジアン燃料剤は、安定したエマルジアン燃料を安価
に供給することができるため燃焼装置のランニングコス
トを節約する等、経済性にもすぐれ、さらには公害防止
の観点からも多大な効果を奏する。Fuel saving effect = Net times - Special times Net evaporation multiple = 17.5 - 15.3 = 12.57% 17.5 (Effect of the invention) As described above, according to the present invention, the emulsion can be easily and inexpensively stabilized. This emulsifier fuel agent can supply stable emulsian fuel at low cost, saving running costs for combustion equipment, and is highly economical, as well as contributing to pollution prevention. It has great effects from this point of view.
Claims (2)
を加えたことを特徴とするエマルジョン用の乳化剤。(1) An emulsifier for emulsion characterized by adding water to a mixture of calcium compound powder and carbon powder.
末を撹拌し、その後この混合物２０ｇにつき水２０ｌを
加えた混合液を構成し、この混合液を３００倍に稀釈す
ることを特徴とするエマルジョン用の乳化剤の製造方法
。(2) An emulsion characterized by stirring calcium compound powder and the same amount of carbon powder, then adding 20 liters of water per 20 g of this mixture to form a mixed solution, and diluting this mixed solution 300 times. Method for producing emulsifier for use.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61268316A JPH0631358B2 (en) | 1986-11-11 | 1986-11-11 | Method for producing emulsion fuel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61268316A JPH0631358B2 (en) | 1986-11-11 | 1986-11-11 | Method for producing emulsion fuel |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63123430A true JPS63123430A (en) | 1988-05-27 |
| JPH0631358B2 JPH0631358B2 (en) | 1994-04-27 |
Family
ID=17456839
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP61268316A Expired - Fee Related JPH0631358B2 (en) | 1986-11-11 | 1986-11-11 | Method for producing emulsion fuel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0631358B2 (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5166302A (en) * | 1974-10-29 | 1976-06-08 | Convair Investments Ltd | |
| JPS5310610A (en) * | 1976-06-15 | 1978-01-31 | Convair Investments Ltd | Method of making fuel consisting of fine coal and water and oil dispersion |
-
1986
- 1986-11-11 JP JP61268316A patent/JPH0631358B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5166302A (en) * | 1974-10-29 | 1976-06-08 | Convair Investments Ltd | |
| JPS5310610A (en) * | 1976-06-15 | 1978-01-31 | Convair Investments Ltd | Method of making fuel consisting of fine coal and water and oil dispersion |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0631358B2 (en) | 1994-04-27 |
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