JPS631142B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to a device for swaging and forging rods and tubes, and particularly to a forging device that has a simple structure and utilizes a conventional press machine.

[Prior art]

A conventional device for swaging and forging rods and tubes is shown in FIG. In the figure, 1 is a housing, 2 is an inside ring, 3 is a spindle, 4 is a hammer roller, 5 is a backer, and 6 is a die. 1st
The device shown in the figure consists of a 1
The paired die 6 and bucker 5 rotate in the direction of the arrow, and the protrusions of the hammer roller 4 and bucker 5 come into contact, thereby striking the rod and tube through the die 6 and swaging forging. ing. Etching forging is a type of compression processing in which the material is compressed between dies to reduce its height and spread it laterally. Of these, the subject of this application is swaging. Swaging is a type of swaging forging, and refers to the process of compression-forming workpieces such as wire, tubes, and bars between dies. (Refer to page 163, published March 30, 1949). This device has a fast forging speed, but
It has the disadvantage that it cannot swab forge large-diameter rods and tubes (70 mm or more in outer diameter). Another problem is that the noise during processing is high. Therefore, for swaging forging of large-diameter rods and tubes, a step forming machine that reciprocates a pair of dies using a link mechanism or a crankshaft-driven forging machine are used. However, this forging machine has a drawback that the equipment cost is enormous due to its complicated structure.

[Purpose of the invention]

An object of the present invention is to provide a device for swaging and forging rods and tubes with a simple structure and low equipment cost.

[Summary of the invention]

The present invention utilizes the inclined surface of a piston and the inclined surface of a die set that are vibrated in the vertical direction by a press machine to simultaneously vibrate two pairs of dies, and swage and forge a workpiece with a uniform load. be. Furthermore, by utilizing the wedge effect on the inclined surface of the piston, it has become possible to forge large-diameter or high-strength workpieces with a small-capacity press machine.

That is, the present invention provides a piston 7 which is vibrated in the vertical direction by a pressure means and is provided with an inclined surface 16 that expands downwardly and inwardly, and a piston 7 that is vibrated in the vertical direction by a pressurizing means and is provided with an inclined surface 16 that expands downwardly and inwardly. A pair of die sets 8 which convert this vertical vibration into horizontal vibrations by sliding and are provided with inclined surfaces 17 and 18 on the upper and lower inside sides, and a die set 8 disposed within this die set 8, It consists of two or more pairs of dies 6 that are vibrated against the workpiece as they are vibrated in the horizontal direction. The die 6 includes a pair of dies 6a and 6b which are vibrated in the horizontal direction as the die set 8 is vibrated in the horizontal direction, and upper and lower inclined surfaces 17 and 18 inside the die set 8.
Dice 6c, 6d are vibrated vertically along
The die set 8 is characterized in that a die group including these die pairs is arranged in a ring shape in the die set 8 so as to surround the workpiece 19.

[Embodiments of the invention]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5. FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show the forging machine of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the forging machine includes a piston 7 that is connected to a press machine (not shown) by a pin 15 and vibrates in the vertical direction, and a pair of die sets that are in contact with an inclined surface 16 of the piston. 8 and
a die holder 9 disposed within the die set;
Two pairs of dice 6 attached to the die holder
(A pair of dice 6a and 6b that can be vibrated in the horizontal direction,
A pair of dice 6c and 6d that can be vibrated in the vertical direction)
, springs 10 and 11 for returning the die set and the die holder, a base plate 12 for supporting the die set, a slider 13, and a guide 14 for guiding the piston attached to the base plate. Further, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the forging machine of the present invention, and the die 6 has an inclined surface at the portion facing the workpiece 18 as shown in the figure.

The method for swaging and forging rods and tubes using such equipment is as follows. FIG. 4 schematically shows the vibration mechanism of the forging machine of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the piston 7 is vibrated vertically with a displacement δ ₀ by a press machine, and the die set 8 is vibrated with a horizontal displacement δ _r as shown by equation (1) using the inclined surface 16 of the piston. Excite with .

δ _r = tan α × δ ₀ ...(1) where α: Angle of the inclined surface 16 (°) Furthermore, the die set and the die 6 are in contact with each other.
The 45° inclined surfaces 17 and 18 are used to vibrate the dice 6c and 6d in the vertical direction, and thus the dice 6a
This is a mechanism that performs forging by simultaneously exciting 6d with a displacement δ _r . Therefore, the workpiece 19 inserted through the insertion hole of the piston is struck by the die 6 and swaged along the inner slope of the die (see FIG. 3) for forging. Further, after striking the workpiece with the die, the load is unloaded and the die is returned to its original position using springs 10 and 11.

On the other hand, the load during forging is transmitted as schematically shown in FIG. The vertical load P applied by the press machine is converted into a horizontal load F as shown by equation (2) due to the wedge effect of the contact surface between the piston 7 and the die set 8.

F=P/2 {1/tan(α+φ)+sinαcosα}……(
2) Here, φ: Friction angle This horizontal load F is distributed to a pair of left and right dies 6a, 6b arranged inside the die set, and a pair of upper and lower dies 6c, 6d that are in contact with the die set on an inclined surface. . In other words, during forging, the work area is upper and lower,
Assuming that the left and right dies are struck with an equal load, the load F ₀ applied by the left and right dies 6a, 6b and the upper and lower dies 6c, as shown in equation (3),
The load F ₀ ' added at 6d has the same value.

F ₀ ′=2×w(sin45゜−μcos45゜)cos45゜……(3) where w: Load distributed to the upper and lower dies (tf) μ: Friction coefficient Now, the friction of the contact surface between the die set and the die When the coefficient μ is 0.1, the impact loads of the die F ₀ and F ₀ ' are 0,
It will be 32F. For example, if the angle of inclination of the contact surface between the piston and the die set is 10 degrees and the coefficient of friction (tanφ) is 0.1, F will be 1.87P, and the forging load F _f will be as shown in equation (4) F _f = 4 x 0.32 F=4×0.32×1.87P =2.4P ……(4) This means that the load P applied by the press machine is approximately
It shows that the workpiece can be forged at 2.4 times,
This means that large-diameter or high-strength workpieces can be forged with a small-capacity press machine.

In addition, the forging machine of the present invention has an excitation displacement δ ₀ of the piston.
By changing , the striking displacement of the die can be adjusted as shown in equation (1). Therefore,
When rough forging a workpiece, the impact displacement can be increased to improve forging efficiency, and when precision forging, the impact displacement can be reduced.

Incidentally, since the die of the forging machine of the present invention is attached to the die set with bolts, it is possible to forge workpieces of various diameters by replacing the dies according to the diameter of the workpiece.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the two pairs of dies are vibrated using a conventional press machine, and the workpiece can be uniformly swaged and forged.
Furthermore, the wedge effect allows a small-capacity press machine to forge a large-diameter or high-strength workpiece. Furthermore, the impact displacement of the die can be adjusted according to the forging accuracy of the workpiece, thereby improving forging efficiency.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, by vibrating the piston in the vertical direction, it is possible to vibrate the two pairs of dies and perform swaging forging, thereby making it possible to obtain a uniform forged product. Moreover, since the structure is simple and a conventional press machine can be used, it is possible to provide an inexpensive forging machine.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a front view of a conventional forging machine, Figures 2 and 3 are
The figure is a longitudinal sectional view of a forging machine according to an embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the vibration mechanism of the forging machine of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the load transmission mechanism of the forging machine of the present invention. 6...Dice, 7...Piston, 8...Die set, 10, 11...Spring.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a forging machine equipped with one or more pairs of dies and a pressurizing means for applying a load to the dies, the forging machine is vibrated in a vertical direction by the pressurizing means and directed downwardly and inwardly. A piston is provided with an inclined surface that spreads out, and when the piston is excited in the vertical direction, the piston slides on the inclined surface to convert the vertical vibration into horizontal vibration and moves upward and downward inside. A pair of die sets each having an inclined surface, a pair of dies placed within the die set and vibrated in the horizontal direction as the die set is vibrated in the horizontal direction, and a pair of dies that are also placed within the die set and are vibrated in the horizontal direction as the die set is vibrated in the horizontal direction. It has a pair of dies that are vibrated in the vertical direction along the inclined surfaces on the upper and lower sides of the inside of the die set as the die set is vibrated in the direction, and these pairs of dies are arranged in a ring shape in the die set so as to surround the workpiece. A forging machine that is characterized by: 2. The forging machine according to claim 1, wherein after striking the workpiece with the die, the die is returned to its original position by a spring provided in the die set.