JPS63112749A - Three-dimensional weaving method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a method for weaving a three-dimensionally woven fibrous structure.

[Prior art]

Carbon fibers, glass fibers, metal fibers, etc. are used as reinforcing means for plastic or metal molded bodies. This conventional reinforcing means involves embedding so-called prepreg, in which reinforcing fibers are laminated in a flat plate, into a reinforcing material, such as a plastic material. However, with this structure, the fibers cannot be arranged three-dimensionally, so a large amount of reinforcing fibers cannot be used, and the shear strength between the eyebrows of the fibers arranged in a flat plate is low, resulting in the strength of the molded product. There was a problem that the improvement was not sufficient. Therefore, it has been proposed to use a braided cord or a braided structure obtained by expanding the same, that is, a "three-dimensional fiber structure" to reinforce the molded body.

A weaving method for forming this three-dimensional fiber structure has already been disclosed in US Pat. No. 4,312,261, and this weaving method is one of the methods called the torsion lace method.

This weaving method involves arranging a large number of carriers on which bobbins are mounted in a fixed array within a limited plane, and moving the carriers vertically or Three-dimensionalization (large-scale braiding) is achieved by intertwining the threads by changing the positions of the bobbins while moving part of the carriers arranged in a horizontal row.

Although the weaving method described in the above-mentioned US patent is an excellent method, the contact resistance during movement of the carriers is large, the driving means is not suitable for high speeds, and the weaving method is difficult to drive when a large number of carriers are used. Although there are problems such as difficulty in weaving, it is noteworthy that it proposes a practical structure for a weaving device for three-dimensional fiber structures.

Therefore, the present inventor took advantage of the advantages of this three-dimensional weaving method and developed a technology to industrially manufacture even larger three-dimensional fiber structures at high speed, and the resulting invention was filed in Japanese Patent Application No. 61-198.
The application was filed as No. 2085.

The outline of the invention is as follows.

"In a weaving device that forms a three-dimensional fiber structure by moving a plurality of carriers carrying bobbins in biaxial directions, a slider is attached to each bobbin carrier, and the slider is moved oppositely to the slider. A three-dimensional weaving device characterized in that a linear motor is constituted by a stator to be driven, and the linear motor is arranged in two axial directions.

” [Problems to be solved by the invention] The three-dimensional fiber structure proposed in the above US patent etc.
A large number of yarns (reinforcing fibers) of one type are prepared and braided to produce one three-dimensional fiber structure, and only one type of fiber is used.

For example, (a) one in which glass fiber is used for the outer layer and carbon fiber in the inner layer; (b) one in which each layer has different conditions such as weaving angle, fiber volume content (vr), and weaving form. Because it is not possible to weave a structure that matches the object to be reinforced by combining them, it is difficult to arrange the fibers in a manner suitable for the structure to be reinforced. Therefore, there are problems in that it is difficult to reinforce large products, and reinforcing fibers cannot be arranged in accordance with the stress distribution of the product.

[Purpose of the invention]

An object of the present invention is to solve various problems of the conventional three-dimensional fiber structures, and to arrange reinforcing fibers in accordance with the shape and stress characteristics of the object to be reinforced. The object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional fiber structure that can be produced.

More specifically, the three-dimensional fiber structure uses different reinforcing fibers for the outer and inner layers, and the weaving angle and fiber volume content (
(f) Furthermore, the present invention provides a weaving method for obtaining a three-dimensional fiber structure that can strengthen a product with an optimal fiber arrangement under various conditions such as weaving form.

[Summary of the invention]

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for weaving a three-dimensional fiber structure by moving a plurality of bobbin carriers loaded with bobbins in biaxial directions, which includes weaving separated into at least two layers, This is a three-dimensional weaving method characterized by interweaving at least part of each layer at the boundary between the layers.

That is, the three-dimensional fiber structure woven according to the present invention is a development of the single-layer three-dimensional fiber structure woven using the torsion lace weaving principle proposed in the above-mentioned U.S. patent. A composite three-dimensional fiber structure in which at least one outer layer is formed on at least a part of the outer layer, and at least a part of the boundary surface of each layer is interwoven, or one three-dimensional fiber structure has other different characteristics or Three-dimensional fiber structures having the same characteristics are adjacent to each other, and at least a portion of both three-dimensional fiber structures are interwoven within the tissue of the other at the interface, and furthermore, the present invention of the three-dimensional fiber structure described above It is an extension within the scope of technical thought.

The cross-sectional shape of the composite three-dimensional fiber structure of the present invention is, for example, L
Examples include shapes that are the same as or similar to copper, such as H-shape, ■-shape, and square shape, and round bar-like shapes with multiple circles.

Figures 1 and 2 show an example of a composite three-dimensional fiber structure, and Figure 1 shows layers B1 and 82 having different characteristics scattered in an island shape inside layer A. It shows a fiber structure also known as ``sea/island type.'' and the second
The figure shows a ``side-pie-side type'' structure in which a similarly U-shaped B layer is arranged inside a U-shaped A layer. Although the present invention is not limited to this, it is possible to obtain a "composite three-dimensional fiber structure" having a further expanded cross-sectional shape based on these.

The device for weaving the composite three-dimensional fiber structure of the present invention is a torsion lace method in which a bobbin carrier carrying a bobbin is moved in two axial directions for weaving.In the weaving device, each bobbin carrier is independently driven (moved). Various devices can be used as long as they are possible.

Specifically, the device proposed by the inventor described above can be used.

[Effect]

Therefore, in the composite three-dimensional weaving method of the present invention, a plurality of three-dimensional fiber structures are separated, some or all of their surfaces face each other, and at least a portion of each layer is interwoven with each other at the boundary surface of each layer. By compositing three-dimensional fiber structures having different characteristics, it is possible to make the three-dimensional fiber structure suitable for a reinforced molded body.

Since the composite three-dimensional fiber structure of the present invention is integrated by interweaving the bonding surfaces as a whole, it is different from a composite three-dimensional fiber structure in which individually woven three-dimensional fiber structures are fitted together. High interlayer shear strength and peel strength.

Also, since each layer is woven in the same weaving process,
The adhesion strength between each layer is high, and therefore the fitting precision between each layer is high.

〔Example〕

Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the weaving process of a two-layer composite three-dimensional fiber structure with an L-shaped cross section, and also shows the "initial setting" state.

Three-dimensional weaving device M (for example, the moving plane 1 of a near motor-driven weaving device described in Japanese Patent Application No. 192085/1985)
Bobbin carrier 2a with bobbins 3a and 3b mounted on it
, 2b are arranged in large numbers.

The weaving area A is a movement path of the bobbin carrier 2a that weaves the outer layer of the L-shaped three-dimensional fiber structure, and the weaving area B is the movement path of the bobbin carrier 2b that weaves the inner layer of the L-shaped three-dimensional fiber structure.
, and each weaving area A, B is divided by a boundary part ab.

The bobbin 3a marked with an ○ is the bobbin that moves mainly within the weaving area A, the bobbin 3b with diagonal lines is the bobbin that moves mainly within the weaving area B, and A1 represents the locus of movement of the bobbin 3a within the weaving area A. , Bl indicate the locus of movement of the bobbin 3b within section B, and each weaving area A, B is divided by a boundary part ab.

Note that the arrow in the figure means that the bobbin carrier 2 has moved one step in the direction of the arrow from the position Xl to the position X2, as shown in FIG. 3A.

The arrows shown in FIG. 3 indicate the locus of movement of a certain bobbin carrier in areas A and B when the first step to the first O step, which will be described later, are repeated.

(1) The bobbin carriers 2a and 2b that were in the "initial setting" position in FIG. The bobbins 3a in the third vertical and long row from the left descend. Then, during manufacturing, the bobbin 3a located at the boundary ab between areas A and B moves one step from weaving area A into B, and the bobbin 3b moves one step from weaving area B into A.

Note that the interweaving at the boundary part ab is the bobbin 3a.

3b is intertwined and formed by rotating around -.

In other words, in order to complete the interweaving, there are 4 steps, namely 4
It requires a process.

(2) Next, from the state where the first step in FIG. 4 has been completed to the state in FIG.
b performs one step movement in the second step.

In this second step, the bobbin 3b in the weaving area A moves downward or to the left. Also, the bobbin 3a in the weaving area B
will rise or move to the right.

(3) Figure 6 shows the third step, in which the bobbin 3a in the second horizontal and long row from the bottom in the weaving area A is moved one step to the right, and the bobbin 3a in the third row Horizontal/long row bobbin 3
a moves one step to the left.

Further, the horizontal and long rows of bobbins 3b in the weaving area B move one step to the right and to the left.

Furthermore, the bobbins 3a and 3b that have entered the other area beyond the boundary part ab in the first step of FIG. 4 move along the boundary part ab in the second step of FIG. In the third step, the bobbin 3a is moved to the weaving area A, and the bobbin 3b is moved to the weaving area A.
each moves one step into the weaving area B.

(4) Figure 7 shows the fourth step. In this step, the bobbins in the vertical or horizontal rows do not move, and the bobbins 3a and 3b that have returned to each area after crossing the boundary ah In the weaving area to which it belongs, a fourth step of movement is performed along the boundary part ab, and it returns to the initial setting position.

(The bobbins 3a and 3b rotate along the same route while maintaining equal intervals from each other, and the intertwining of the boundary portion is completed.) (5) FIG. 8 shows the fifth step.

After the movement of the bobbins 3a and 3b in vertical and horizontal rows and the long rows and the interlacing of the boundary parts a and b are completed, the next step is to move the bobbins 3a in vertical and horizontal rows and double rows.

3b moves one step, thus completing the first half of the entire process.

(6) The second half process is performed in the opposite direction to the first half process (
Each bobbin 3a, 3b moves in the order of 1) to (5).

That is, in the sixth step of Fig. 9, the second vertical column from the left
The long row bobbin 3a is lowered, the third row vertical/long row bobbin 3a is raised, and the sixth row vertical/long row bobbin 3 from the left is moved.
b is lowered, and the adjacent bobbin 3B in the vertical/long row is raised.

Then, the bobbins 3a and 3b located at the boundary part ab cross this boundary part ab and enter the adjacent area.

In the second half of the sixth to ninth steps shown in FIGS. 9 and 12, the bobbins 3a and 3b are sequentially moved one step at a time as shown by the arrows in the figures, and then the last 10th step is moved.
In the process (FIG. 13), one step movement in vertical and horizontal directions and in double rows is performed, and the entire process is completed.

As mentioned above, start from the 1st step in Fig. 4 and proceed to the 13th step.
When all the final steps shown in the figure are completed, the bobbins 3a and 3b are in the initial arrangement state shown in FIG.

(7) After this, all steps from the first step to the tenth step are simply repeated.

As described above, in the present invention, while simultaneously weaving the two-layer weaving area, interweaving is also performed at the boundary area. In each of the weaving regions, the optimum fibers and texture are applied depending on the purpose of use of the fiber-reinforced molded product, such as using different fibers or weaving under different weaving conditions.

Next, one example of conditions for weaving the composite three-dimensional fiber structure according to the present invention will be explained.

b) Weaving conditions 1, weaving area A (○ bobbin, A layer) (1) Reinforcing fiber: carbon fiber, Toshiba T-300” 12
/ Yarn (2) Number of bobbins: 142 (3) Weaving length 500-600 g 2. Manufacturing area B (bobbin with diagonal lines, B layer) (1) Reinforcing fiber glass fiber (diameter 23.5 μm) 6. / Yarn (2) Number of bobbins: 94 (3) Weaving length: 300 to 450 g Mouth) Weaving results FIG. 14 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of the composite three-dimensional fiber structure woven under the above conditions. This fibrous structure is composed of a thin L-shaped A layer woven in a weaving area A, and a thick L-shaped B layer woven in a weaving area B disposed inside this A layer. Note that this composite three-dimensional fiber structure is of a side-pie-side type.

The length and width of this composite three-dimensional fiber structure are approximately 32.5 mm each, and the thickness is approximately 16.5 mm (the thickness of the A layer is 4.5 mm, the thickness of the B layer is 121m)
.

In addition, the fiber volume content V is 52.3% for layer A, respectively.
, B layer was 47.2%.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The three-dimensional weaving method according to the present invention is a method of weaving a three-dimensional fiber structure by moving a plurality of bobbin carriers loaded with bobbins in biaxial directions, in which the weaving is performed separately into at least two or more layers, and each layer is weaved separately. It is characterized by interweaving at least a portion of each other at the boundary between the two, and the following effects can be achieved.

(a) Since each separated layer is woven at the same time, the fitting precision between each layer is higher than in a method in which the layers are individually woven and then combined. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, when the A layer is arranged around the B layer, the V of the B layer is improved due to the tightening effect of the A layer.

(b) The boundaries between each separated layer are small (some of them are interwoven, so the shear strength and peel strength between each layer are high).

(C1 Different types of reinforcing fibers are applied to each layer, and the weaving structure (e.g. weaving angle, vf, weaving form, etc.) is changed in each layer to adjust the shape and structure of the molded product to be strengthened or the state of stress distribution. In addition, it is possible to weave a composite three-dimensional fiber structure, and it becomes possible to efficiently produce molded products with high strength and rigidity, or good vibration damping characteristics.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIGS. 1 and 2 are explanatory views of the concept of a composite three-dimensional fiber structure. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the initial setting of the bobbin or bobbin carrier of the weaving apparatus, and FIG. 3A is an explanatory diagram of the moving state of the bobbin or bobbin carrier. 4 to 13 are explanatory views of the state in which the bobbin or bobbin carrier moves one step at a time, and
Figure: 1st process, Figure 5: 2nd process, Figure 6: 3rd process,
Figure 7: 4th process, Figure 8: 5th process, Figure 9: 6th process, Figure 10: 7th process, Figure 11: 8th process, 12th
Figure: 9th process, Figure 13: 10th process. FIG. 14 is a sectional view of a composite three-dimensional fiber structure in an example. M...Three-dimensional weaving device, A, B...! ! ! weaving area, ab...border, 1... moving plane, 2.2a, 2b... bobbin carrier, 3.3a, 3b... bobbin.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A method for weaving a three-dimensional fiber structure by moving a plurality of bobbin carriers loaded with bobbins in biaxial directions, in which the weaving is performed separately into at least two layers, and at least a portion of each layer is interwoven with each other at the boundary of each layer. A three-dimensional weaving method characterized by: