JPH05505651A - Machines for forming braided structures and multilayer braids - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Braid structure The present invention has a braided cord structure in which multiple layers of strand material are grown and these are woven into a hollow structure. related to the manufacture of Multi-layer braided material forms the first layer of the braid, then another layer in sequence first It is conventionally made by forming on a layer of. The braid is a “mayball” style braid. Currently manufactured using machines. In this braiding machine, the annular The head plate is defined by a pair of intersecting serpentine tracks formed in the plate. a serpentine path configured and a movable pad adapted to move along said track; It has a cage carrier. Each carrier carries a package of strand material The strand material is serpentinely made of strands from various package carriers. A braid is formed by crossing each other at the intersection in the passage. The braid is also a stationary cap. Supplied from the rear, i.e., a carrier whose position is fixed relative to the meandering path. It can be enhanced by the inclusion of "static" strands. “Still” like this The strands are incorporated inside the braided structure that creates the longitudinal strands. form. Braids are usually formed generally in the center of the bed plate and are also usually is formed on the longitudinal axis.

A series of mayball braids by growing a common longitudinal axis to form a multilayer braid. The device is assembled. Also, while the braid is being formed, the braid is passed through a series of braiding devices. are passed one after the other, thereby knitting the separate layers one after the other.

Instead of this, the stiff multi-layered braid is passed through only one braiding device as many times as necessary; As many layers as necessary can be formed. The braid thus formed may be depending on the number of Mayball braiding devices used or the number of passes made. It is also possible to have a number of layers.

A multi-braid structure can be formed on a suitably shaped mandrel. this man The drell is removed after forming the braided structure and the shaped braided structure is formed. It is possible.

Instead of a mayball type braiding device, a hollow braid is formed using a tubular braiding machine. It has been proposed. These include, for example, Atlantic Research Corp. No. 4,621,560 and US Pat. No. 47,531, assigned to Ration. It is described in No. 50. The machines disclosed in these patents require The inner surface of the cylinder consists of multiple ring members, each of which has similar dimensions. are arranged axially relative to each other, and each section has a yarn carrier. Ya The ring carrier is movable in the axial direction of the cylinder. The ring member rotates around the axis of the cylinder. The carrier is moved axially to move the filaments together. It is made to knit together. A stop is provided to limit axial travel. $Iall. However, these machines do not allow parts and carriers to be interrupted or operates by a unitary motion and is slow as a result. This thing is this. It limits the practical purposes for which such machines can be used and therefore can be manufactured. This limits the characteristics and format of the braid structure.

The main problem with multilayer braids of the type described above is that the braids produced tend to delaminate during use. It is to show the tendency that causes it. This kind of braided cord structure is called “composite For example, such a braid may be impregnated with a resin material.

Such composites have good tensile strength and tensile modulus in the plane of the layers. It exhibits good mechanical properties. The mechanical properties of the composite in the transverse direction are those of the matrix material. depends solely on the shear strength of the matrix material and the braid strength between the matrix material and the fiber layer. Exists. This is because it is all about the physical bonding of adjacent layers within the structure. It is from. Therefore, when the composite is subjected to lateral loading, the internal buildup between the braided layers There is a risk that the layer structure will be destroyed.

Introducing additional strand material that extends laterally in the layers into the shadows of the braid manufacturing process. Proposals have already been made to try to solve the peeling problem. of these strands Some are introduced randomly, while others are formed with an aperture and passed through the aperture. The mandrel is provided with a mandrel from which the strands are projected in the radial direction. It has been introduced based on direction. Such radial strands are braided into layers It gives a certain degree of coherence between the This makes interweaving of the various strands difficult. As a result of this, the set This reduces the speed of string formation.

Other attempts to eliminate the delamination problem include sewing strands that bond and strengthen the braided layers. It is to be introduced through joint work. Although this was partially successful, braided structures like this or as required in many applications using composite formations. The level of strength and tenacity is not provided.

The various layers of the braid are actively interconnected to obtain an effective rad layered structure is desired. The present invention seeks to provide a multilayer braided structure, in which The layers may be interwoven and may also exhibit substantially uniform, i.e. predetermined, properties. It is said that The present invention also describes the provision of improved forms of braided structures. , which can essentially be used as a braided composite and can be constructed cheaply and quickly; Therefore, it can be manufactured at low cost.

According to the present invention, a braided cord structure is provided. This braided structure consists of multiple strands of material. layers, said layers are braided in one pass through one braiding machine, and each layer is braided in one pass through one braiding machine; in which at least one strand of the layer extends into an adjacent layer; so as to form an interconnection between them.

As used herein, the term “strand” refers to filaments, single strands, Lament, slit tape, roving, multifilament is understood to include yarns, braids or textile products extending in the longitudinal direction of the pond. Must be.

The interconnections between layers are such that the interconnecting strands lead from the first layer to the adjacent second layer. , and a straight line that is passed around at least one strand of said second layer. They are considered to be interconnected.

Instead, the interconnections between layers are indirect interconnections, with the interconnection strands leading from the first layer through the second layer to other, not necessarily adjacent, layers in the structure; strands in the other layer to join the first layer to the other layer; At the same time, the layers between them are bonded together.

The braided structure according to the invention can be hollow and have a circular or irregular cross section. can. According to yet another concept of the invention, the braid is a foldable braid. .

The present invention includes composite materials. This composite material comprises a braid according to the present invention, and the gap between the braid is A resin matrix is grown dispersed and/or distributed therein. In addition to the present invention According to the concept of having multiple layers of strand material, said layers pass through the braiding machine once. and each layer has at least one strand in that layer. extending into adjacent layers to form interconnections between said layers. A composite structure comprising a matrix at least in the gap of the braided structure. A composite structure incorporating trix material is provided.

At least some of the strands include a resin compatible with the matrix material. Can be configured. Such strands can be pre-impregnated . This pre-impregnation is done by coating the strands with a resin layer or coating. I can do it. Alternatively, the strands may include or consist of a resinous material. Can be done.

After the braid is formed, with or without matrix material, the braid is subjected to processing.

In this, the resin material component of the strand can penetrate into the gaps of the braid structure. .

The matrix material of braided composites can be thermoplastic or thermosetting resin. Wear. After the composite is formed, it can be formed by applying heat and pressure to the mold, for example. It can be molded with.

According to another concept of the invention, a method of making a multilayer braided structure is provided. This method is , feed the strand groups to the braid forming station where each The strand groups form a braid layer and the strands fed from one of said groups A land is guided through a group of adjacent layers to form an interconnection between them. Includes making something happen.

The present invention also provides a method of making a multilayer braided structure. This method is (1) A plurality of struts from the first set of movable package carriers to the braid forming area. The braid material is fed to form a braid layer on each movable package carrier. moves along a predetermined first meandering path.

(100) a plurality of strings from a second set of movable package carriers to said braid forming area; The lands are fed to form a braid layer, and each movable pad of the second set is The cage carrier moves along a predetermined second serpentine path, in which The serpentine path includes at least one package carrier of each set from each layer. The strand material is carried into the other layers so as to interconnect with said layer of material.

includes.

According to one concept of the invention, said second layer may be adjacent to said first layer. Wear. In an alternative embodiment of the invention, said second layer is one of said first layers. They are spaced apart from each other, with a plurality of intermediate layers interposed between them. Under such circumstances strands interlocking with the package carrier moving between the first and second layers. The code passes through all of the intermediate layers before forming active interconnections with the second layer. done to.

Strand material from a “static” package carrier also has braid forming areas for each layer. strands from said respective movable package carriers. It is made to be tied together.

The mandrel is placed in the braid forming area and is adapted to form a hollow braid structure. . A first layer of braid is then formed on the mandrel, a second layer and subsequent layers are formed on the mandrel. formed on the first layer. It can be circular or have other cross-sections.

As the braiding occurs, the mandrel is moved through the braid forming area to It is possible to continuously create a braided structure.

This method also places all layers of the multilayer braided structure within one passage of the braiding machine. be able to.

The invention further includes a plurality of layers, each layer interconnecting with strands of adjacent layers. strands interwoven with at least one strand of each layer A method of creating a braided structure made of wood, in which each layer is to feed multiple strands of material from multiple stationary package carriers to the braid forming area. transporting said stationary strands from a corresponding set of movable package carriers; The steps of interweaving with other strands of the The steps of the package carrier moving through a predetermined serpentine path and the steps of Connect the strands of the movable pan cage carrier to the stationary package carrier of each layer. Regarding the steps of knitting together the strands of the rear pair to form a braided layer and each layer. simultaneously feed the strands into the braid forming area so that the devices overlap each other. stages and at least one movable package carrier of each set is arranged in a respective layer. Then transport the strand material from one layer to another to interconnect it with the strands of the layer. arranging the meandering passages of each sea urchin; includes.

In one embodiment, the at least one movable package carrier is a strut. return to its original layer. In other embodiments, the intermediate layer movable package carrier The serpentine path of the layer carries the strand material from that layer to the adjacent layers on both sides and also between the layers. Returning to the interlayer, the interlayer Made to be able to move from.

If the braided structure to be manufactured includes multiple intermediate layers, the movable package carrier Move from one serpentine aisle to the next and combine with package carriers transports the movable strands from the layer below to the layer beyond the intermediate adjacent layer, and also carries the package The package carrier is returned to its original serpentine path, thereby removing the The strands are made to interconnect the layers through which they are passed.

The braid structure is hollow and is formed on a mandrel, and the mandrel has a braid forming area. can be located in the area.

Typically, the mandrel moves through the braid forming area as braiding occurs. to form a continuous hollow braid structure on the mandrel, and all layers of the braid structure are They are interconnected.

The invention further includes multiple layers of strand material, each layer compatible with the strands of the adjacent layer. At least one of each layer is interconnected or passes through the strands. It seems to be composed of strands and strands interwoven with each other. A method of creating a braided structure comprising a plurality of package carriers and their meandering. A passageway is disposed on the inner surface of the tubular braiding machine, said inner surface having a plurality of serpentine passageways formed therein. and a plurality of "stationary" strands of material are connected to a first set of stationary package carriers. to the braid forming area, where said "stationary" strand is connected to the corresponding braid forming area. be interwoven with other strands from the dynamic package carrier. each movable package carrier moves along a predetermined first serpentine path. transfer the strands of the first set of movable package carriers to the first set of stationary packages. Interlace with strands from the carrier to form a first interwoven layer. and at the same time the strut from the second stationary package carrier. from a corresponding second set of movable package carriers by feeding the bundles to the braid forming area. strands of each movable package of the second set. The carrier moves along a second predetermined serpentine path, which leads to a second set of movable packages. The strands from the package carrier are combined with the strands from the second set of stationary package carriers. a second interwoven layer on top of the first interwoven layer, interwoven with the lands; Each set of movable packages is At least one movable package carrier of the carrier has a The strand material is carried to the adjacent layer and the strand is Create a braided structure characterized by being arranged so as to interconnect adjacent layers. provide a way to increase

Preferably, the braid forming region is arranged on the longitudinal axis of the tubular braiding machine. Also , once the braid structure has been formed, it is passed along its longitudinal axis through a tubular braid forming machine. be moved along.

The tubular bed of a tubular braiding machine may be of circular cross-section, or oval or any other It can be a closed or multi-sided shape.

The present invention also provides a braiding machine for forming a multilayer hollow braid, comprising: Feed the strand material of the group to the braid forming station to create the strands of each group. forming a layer of braid at said station combined with the land; means to During interweaving, the strands from one layer of the braid are guided to the next layer and folded together. means for causing interconnections between the layers. It includes a braiding machine composed of:

The invention further provides a machine for forming a multilayer hollow braid according to the invention, comprising: The structure has multiple layers, each of which is interconnected with the strands of the adjacent layer. strand material interwoven with at least one strand of each layer The machine consists of a hollow tubular member and a fixed hollow cylindrical member. an end plate with two openings formed circumferentially on the inner surface of the tubular member; multiple meandering paths, multiple interlocking horn gears, and multiple movable packages. The package carrier and each movable package carrier are pre-aligned by the rotation of the horn gear. Arranged to move along a meandering path in a predetermined order, and movable parts moving the cage carrier from one circumferential serpentine path to said adjacent serpentine path; means for changing tracks between adjacent meandering paths so as to The machine includes a machine for forming multi-layer hollow braids.

This movement occurs at least during one pass of the package carrier around the tubular member. Preferably, this is also carried out once.

The machine has a serpentine passageway located adjacent to each end plate and an intermediate serpentine passageway. during one pass of the package carrier around the tubular member. Only once in each case, the movable package carrier in the intermediate serpentine path is can be adapted to move to each of the intersecting serpentine paths.

The tubular member can have a circular, oval or polygonal cross-section.

The machine further includes a plurality of intermediate serpentine passages to guide the package carrier around the cylindrical member. at least one intermediate serpentine path movable package carrier during one pass of the carrier. A horn gear moves the wheels into the plurality of serpentine paths.

Each serpentine path consists of a pair of intersecting zigzag or generally sinusoidal torsions. It is formed by racks and these tracks are placed on the bet plate. and the parts are placed therein. Each pair of tracks between adjacent intersections The whole area forms a lemon-shaped island. Movable package carrier inside truck The horn is mounted on the underside and can be slid along the Driven by gears. This structure consists of a horn placed on the underside of the serpentine track. An array of gears drives the package carrier in opposite directions within each track. They are made to work like crazy. Therefore, at any one intersection, the horn gear acts to drive the package carrier across the intersection in a first direction; The second package carrier is then moved across the same intersection in a substantially perpendicular direction. Works like a sea urchin.

This construction is well known in standard braiding machines. Also, such a machine In this case, the movable package carrier is located in a single serpentine path of the pair in which it is placed. Forced to move only one track. According to the invention, two or more meandering Aisles are arranged side by side to direct the direction of movement of package carriers in each truck. Forming an array of island portions extending in columns generally across.

Therefore, all the islands of the first meandering passage are the islands of the second and subsequent meandering passage. It is consistent with all of the minutes. i.e. extending substantially perpendicular to the line of the serpentine track. made to form columns. According to the invention, between two adjacent passages Within the interval, islands are modified to accommodate track intersections between adjacent meandering paths. It forms.

The horn gears are arranged below the meandering path and form a gear train. Basically one guitar A layer is placed on the underside of each island. Therefore, along each meandering path, the gears They interlock with each other at the intersection to form a switching position between the intersecting tracks of the passage. to be accomplished. Adjacent not only along the length of the aisle, but also laterally along the column. Gears intersect between adjacent passages. Therefore, in the switching position between adjacent passages Active driving is performed by the horn gear located below. package The carrier moves smoothly from one meandering passage to the next meandering passage via the intersecting track. Crossing trucks feed them from one path to the other. Therefore, the patch The cage carrier can be moved from one aisle to the adjacent aisle by carrying the yarn along with it. This causes the strands to move from one layer to the next. It is. A variety of different interconnection patterns are thus formed between adjacent layers. What can be done will be recognized.

The spacing dimensions of each island section and between each intersection location in a given serpentine path. The spacing dimension is held substantially constant, and a pair of standard adjacencies in adjacent serpentine passages The island sections are a pair of modified island sections that form a section of intersecting track between them. can be exchanged with. The island part can be easily replaced, so if you are familiar with this field, It is recognized that a wide variety of patterns and switching structures are possible for those skilled in the art. cormorant.

In yet another concept of the invention, the device is tubular, preferably substantially cylindrical. It includes a main body member. The body member has a plurality of interlocking holes around its surface. It is designed to carry gears. Each horn gear is connected to the next horn gear. in a given passage (or row) The horn gears can mesh with each other by increasing the angle with each other.

The inner surface of the cylindrical bed plate has a plurality of track forming members or track plates. can be equipped with a route. The track plate includes standard track-forming members. , each defining an end of a track portion of the serpentine path.

Each member is curved to match the curvature of the bed plate. outer track shape The components are juxtaposed to define standard members that form a standard serpentine path with no intersections. or deformed to form an intersection.

Intermeshed horn gears are mounted on the outside of the cylindrical bed plate. child A gear drive means is attached to one end plate. The driving means is basic Contains a drive gear that is mounted on one end plate and rotated relative to each other. It is arranged at a 90° angle and is driven by one prime mover. coupling means can be provided with the drive gear and each end plate.

In addition to the movable package carriers mentioned above, fixed or “stationary” package carriers are also available. A carrier is provided to guide the strands into position on the surface of the cylindrical member. It can be done. According to the inventive concept, such a "stationary" package carrier is Matchable strand material can be arranged to provide the braided area and so that the loop is fed to the station of the braiding machine via each hollow shaft of the horn gear. can be placed.

The machine according to the invention produces braided structures in folded or hollow form. let When hollow structures are manufactured, this machine It can include a mandrel that can be moved longitudinally. In this case, the movable package The strands from the carrier are fed to a movable mandrel on which the braid is formed. to be accomplished.

From the foregoing, it can be seen that the flexibility of the structure of the present invention allows for the creation of a wide variety of different braided structures. It will be recognized that it is necessary to make it possible to produce. The present invention provides different types of strands. The laminated braided layers include the interlacing or mutual interlacing of a set of Each base layer of the braided structure is formed by interwoven strands with special properties. are made of strands of material with different properties and are of the same type. sometimes formed by creating a predetermined degree of interconnection between both layers. It is.

The following is a description of how to carry out the invention in practice, by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is clear.

In the drawing, FIG. 1 is a front view of a braiding machine for manufacturing hollow braided structures according to the invention; Ru.

FIG. 2 is a detail of FIG. 1 showing the drive device.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the braiding machine showing the layout of the gear train.

Figure 4 is a detail of the inner surface of the braiding machine showing the general layout of the serpentine track. Ru.

FIG. 5 is a typical intermediate track plate.

FIG. 6 is a typical end track plate.

FIG. 7 is a side view of FIG. 6 showing the curvature of the end track plate.

FIG. 8 shows part of a typical layout of a horn gear and also enables the present invention. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a serpentine track that can be moved; FIG.

The machine shown in the drawings consists of a pair of end plates 10110', each The plate has a substantially circular opening 11, a top edge I2, a bottom edge I3 and a It has paired side edges 14. Each corner is provided with a chamfered portion 15, and this chamfered The edge portion, together with the top edge 12 and the side edge I4, has an overall periphery of an eight-sided configuration. Each brake 1-10.10' is formed.

Each end plate 10 is secured to a generally cylindrical bed plate 16.

This bed plate has a plurality of, in a particular case 48, flat or flat It is made up of several parts. These members are interconnected with each other and each Each member is arranged at an angle of 7.5° with respect to an adjacent member.

Each flat member includes a central bore 18. This central bore is the seat of horn gear 20. The shaft bearing 19 is received and held.

Each horn gear has two peripheral teeth, these teeth being located at 22. at each position so as to mesh with corresponding teeth of each adjacent gear in the peripheral array. It is being done. In this example, each horn gear 20 has two orthogonal diametrical A slot is grown on the surface located towards the center of the machine.

Each shaft bearing 19 is a drive shaft that drives a respective horn gear 20. It carries Each horn gear 20 rotates around the hollow tube 23. It is pivoted. The hollow tube supports the island plate 27 or 28 (see Figure 4). It has the function of holding.

A plurality of horn gears 20 are arranged around the periphery of the bed plate I6, and a plurality of In the particular embodiment shown, 48 straight columns of horn gears are formed. There is.

Each column extends in the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical bed plate 16, and this structure The gears that mesh with the system are located in a plane.

Each column contains five horn gears. These horn gears are considered circumferentially five circumferentially arranged horn gear rows, each row having 48 gears. It consists of Each row in the circumferential direction extends around the periphery of the cylindrical bed plate 16. To accommodate the extended serpentine path, this structure allows the horn gears of the array to interlock with each other. It is designed to be done. Each horn gear in the middle row has four gears in the pond, all i.e. two gears in that row and one gear each in each adjacent row, and mesh together. Each horn gear in a row of edges has 3 gears, i.e. 2 one gear and the adjacent gear in the next row.

This can best be seen in Figure 3. In this, the horn gears 31, 3 2, 33, 34 and 35 mesh with each other in a plane, and these gears 31, 32 , 33°, 34 and 35 together constitute one column of 48 columns.

Referring now to Figure 4, each serpentine path includes a pair of intersecting tracks. It will be recognized that Therefore, the first tortuous path 29 is generally a sinusoidal path. tracks 72 and 73. These tracks are located on the outer plate 25 This outer plate has contoured track edges. It has 53. This track edge defines the outer edge 53 of track 73. work as if The inner edge 36 of the track is defined by the guide plate 27. It is. This guide plate is a standard island plate, with a lemon overall. It has a similar shape outline. Tracks 73 and 72 are located at the position indicated by 65. intersect at.

This structure consists of a strand package carrier (as shown) moving in the direction of arrow (A). ) passes along path 73 and crosses intersection point 65, then in the direction of arrow (B) The opposite is true for the yarn package carrier moving along. follow Therefore, in a standard meandering path formed only by the island plate 27, there is no intersection. It will be appreciated that portions 64, 65 are all placed in the same column. However, Guy The plate 28 is an island crossing plate. This is edge 36 of island plate 27. It has one edge 36 of the same shape, while the other edge 37 has the same shape as the intermediate plate 26. and a contour and a shape that, together with the corresponding island plate 28', forms an intersection 66. It is. The island plate 28' is provided with two intersecting edges 37 and is opposed along the column. It is noted that they are arranged to form a symmetrical intersection.

Plays 1-27, 28 and 28' are compatible with plates 25, 26 and other variants. both are selectively exchanged, thereby allowing the A complete interconnection matrix or array forms interconnections between adjacent glabella. or alternatively, form interconnections through the intermediate layer to positively connect adjacent layers. It will be appreciated that this allows for the formation of similar interconnections.

Four drive units 41, 42, 43 and 44 (FIG. 1) or drive plate IO is placed in the corner of.

These units are connected to each other by a continuous chain 45. chain 45 is driven by a suitable prime mover, for example an electric or pneumatic motor.

In order to distribute the load on the array of horn gears, a corresponding drive unit 41a, 42a, 43a and 44a are provided on the other end plate IO'. No. Only one unit 43a is shown in FIG. These are attached to the shaft 46. This shaft connects all drive units and horn gears. are synchronized by eight active drives through a gear array. The torque acting on the individual gears is therefore reduced.

Each serpentine path truck is adapted to accept multiple package carriers. Ru. Each package carrier has a depending lug, which lugs each of the horn gears. When each gear rotates, the slots cooperate with the lugs and the pads are engaged. Drive the cage around the track.

Track plates 25, 26, 27, 28 and 28' provide carrier movement. the carrier will force the given truck on its path. This truck is maintained at the intersection of other trucks on the same route. Pass through the different sections one after another. The package carrier crosses the column into the adjacent serpentine path. For example, entering a track section of a meandering path that gives The intersection is performed by an intersection such as intersection 66 in FIG.

The movement of the package carrier is controlled and related to any particular design of the braided structure. Depending on the track plate layout, the carrier can be routed in one given serpentine path. Orient it along or move it between adjacent paths It will be recognized that it can be done.

In use, a series of movable package carriers move through five serpentine paths or rows of machines. , with the strands from each carrier extending longitudinally of the machine axis. guided to the central mandrel. What strands are extended through the tube 23? onto the mandrel along with the strands from the “stationary” package carrier. Fixed.

Once all the strands have been secured to the mandrel, the drive means are activated. act to rotate the horn gear, and as described above, cause the movement of dynamic packages. Route design can be braided from various carriers The strands move through the glabella formed by each path and become interconnected. to form a braided structure. Therefore, the braid structure formed in this way has many The strands pass from layer to layer to increase structural strength against delamination. This creates a three-dimensional braid. Carrier moves all 5 rows of 48 columns Therefore, the braid structure is continuously braided as a three-dimensional braid in which all layers are interconnected. It will be done.

This is further illustrated in Figure 8 of the accompanying drawings. This figure shows five rows of gears 100,2 00, 300, 400 and 500, each row is located at the peripheral mouth of the machine. It has 48 gears. Corresponding gears in adjacent rows, i.e. 101, 201, 301, 401 and 501 each define a column. There is. The machine therefore has five circumferential rows of 48 gears each, or or 48 columns of 5 gears each, with a total of 2 gears. There are 40 pieces. In Figure 8, common gears in a row are indicated by the first digit number. The common gear in the column is indicated by the third digit number.

The columns of gears are arranged in sets, in the particular example shown in FIG. ~501.102~502.103~503.104~504 constitute a single column has been completed. Columns 105-505 and beyond constitute the next adjacent set . Therefore, in the special case of 5 rows and 48 columns, there are 12 gear sets, all of which are There is an array of 240 gears.

In FIG. 8, the horn gear rotating clockwise is shown with diagonal lines; The horn gear rotating counterclockwise is shown without hatching. in this way , each gear rotates in the opposite direction to the adjacent gear it meshes with. The horn gear slot is , schematically indicated by the circular shape at the periphery of the gear. movable package It is these slots that are occupied at all times by carriers.

If we now refer to the first column of horn gears 101-501, we can see that the red strand Considering the horn gear 101 shown by the symbol R, this small circle is The circle is located at the leftmost position of the gear 101 as shown in FIG. The package carrier then moves 180 degrees clockwise to the next in the same row. It can be seen that it is carried to a position where it intersects with gear 102. Gear 102 rotates counterclockwise. The package carrier R is thereby connected to the gears 102 and 202 by the gear 102. , i.e., the intersection between adjacent columns within the same column. . As gear 102 continues to rotate, the package carrier is rotated substantially clockwise. the intersection between gears 202 and 203, i.e. the same in adjacent columns. Move to the intersection between the gears in the row. Package carrier or 1800 arc The intersection between gears 203 and 204, i.e. the same A transition occurs when moving to an intersection between adjacent columns within a column. gear 2 04 rotates clockwise, passing the package carrier through a 90° arc to gear 204. The intersection between and It will be done. Here, the package carrier then follows a 90' arc around gear 104. Then, it is rotated clockwise toward the intersection with gear 105. and then repeat again returned.

Therefore, the strands from the pancage carrier, starting with gear 101, from column I to column 2, and then from column 1 to column 2 in column 2. You can see that. It then moves along column 2 via gear 203 and then via column 4. Returning to column l, the interconnection procedure is thus completed. With the symbols in Figure 8 The same steps can be repeated by continuing to do this with the remaining package carrier. The returned rows are staggered for each of the rows, thereby producing a three-dimensional cohesive structure. You will understand that it will be done.

In operation of this machine, the mandrel is attached to a substantial portion of the cylindrical bed plate 16. placed in the center. This mandrel (not shown in the drawing) is the one on which the braid is made. is moved entirely along the longitudinal axis of the machine.

The mandrel can be a rigid material or after being folded to form a braid. It can be made removable from the mandrel. familiar with this field According to those who studied the mandrel shape, it usually grows circular cross-sections, but It will be recognized that it depends on the product shape.

The braided structure produced in the manner described above is then coated with e.g. a thermoplastic or thermosetting resin. Impregnated with a greasy matrix material to create a durable braided structure be able to. Instead, the strand material itself is impregnated with matrix binder. This binder is then activated or activated by a component of the matrix material. Can be configured. By actually forming a three-dimensionally structured braid, The strength of the string against delamination is much higher than previously experienced. It shows.

The method and apparatus of the present invention can be applied to ceramic films such as silica, glass and carbon. Fiber braids or other woven fabrics containing fibers such as Kevlar. It has been found suitable for fiber braiding.

Engraving (no changes to the content) Summary book The present invention includes a plurality of interwoven layers of strand material, said layers being applied to a braiding machine once. It is knitted in multiple passes, so that at least one strand of each layer is connected to the adjacent layer. extending into said layers and forming interconnections therebetween. It is. The invention also provides a group of strands (R, B, G, O, W). into the braid forming station, which causes each group of strands to be braided there. The present invention relates to a machine and method for making a braided structure by forming string layers. one group The strand (R) from the loop is guided to the strand (B) of the group in the adjacent layer. and pass through, forming an interconnection between the two.

Procedural amendment (voluntary) September 18, 1992

Claims (48)

[Claims] 1. comprising a plurality of interwoven layers of strand material, said layers being passed through a braiding machine once; A braided cord structure in which each layer has at least one one strand extends into an adjacent layer to form an interconnect between said layers. A braided cord structure characterized by being made to look like this. 2. The structure described in claim 1, wherein the interconnection is a direct connection, Interlocking strands lead from the first layer to an adjacent second layer, and A structure that revolves around at least one strand. 3. The structure according to claim 1, wherein the interconnection between the layers is an indirect interconnection. The interconnecting strands are threaded from the first layer through the second layer to the other layer, and then and around the strands in the other layer to join the first layer to the other layer and attach the first layer to the other layer. A structure designed to connect the layers located between them. 4. The structure according to claim 1, wherein the braid structure is hollow. 5. The structure according to claim 1, wherein the braid structure is folded. A structure that is a string. 6. A structure as claimed in any of the preceding claims, comprising: The strand material from the rear is fed to the braiding station and moved to the movable package carrier. The structure is interwoven with strands from each of the yarns. 7. The structure described in claim 4, wherein the braid has a circular cross section. structure. 8. The structure according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the braid is irregular. A cross-sectional structure. 9. A braid in which a resin material matrix is placed and/or distributed within the interstices of the braid structure. A composite material that includes a string structure, with layers of multiple strands interwoven. These layers are knitted in one pass through the braiding machine, and each layer at least one strand in each layer extends into an adjacent layer; A composite material characterized by. 10. A material according to claim 9, comprising a small number of interwoven materials. a material in which at least some of the strands comprise a resin compatible with said matrix material; fee. 11. The material according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the strut The material is pre-impregnated with a resin compatible with the matrix material. 12. The material according to claim 11, wherein the strand has a resin layer or is a material in which the strands are pre-impregnated with a coating. 13. A material according to claim 9, comprising a combination of matrix materials. Regardless of whether the braid is threaded or not, the braid undergoes heat treatment, and the resin material penetrates into the very edge of the braid structure. Materials made to be used. 14. The material described in any one of claims 9 to 13 and the matrix material is selected from the group consisting of thermoplastic or thermoset resins. materials that are used. 15. The material described in any one of claims 9 to 14 The composite material is first formed and then heat and pressure are applied after it is formed as a composite material. The material is further shaped by 16. A method of creating a multi-layered braided structure, the method comprising: combining groups of strands with a braid-forming step; where the strands of each groove form a braided layer and The strands from one of the layers are guided through the adjacent layer group and passed through it to both A method by which an interconnection is formed between persons. 17. A method for making a multilayer braid structure according to claim 16, comprising: (i) a plurality of strings from the first set of movable package carriers to the braid forming area; The land material is fed to form a braid layer, and each movable bag carrier is (ii) the movable package carrier is moved along a first predetermined serpentine path; A plurality of strands are passed through the second set of the braid forming region to form a braid layer. such that each movable package carrier of said second set has a predetermined meandering pattern. the serpentine paths, each of said serpentine paths containing at least one package key of each set. A carrier transports the strand material from each layer into the other layer and intersects with said other layer. Arranged to connect How to include. 18. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the second layer is adjacent to the first layer. The way you are being treated. 19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the first A package carrier moving from a layer of forming or capable of forming interconnections within the second layer; the layer is separated from the first layer by having one or more intermediate layers disposed therebetween. . 20. A method according to claim 17, 18 or 19, , the strand material from the stationary package carrier is fed into the braid forming area for each layer. strands from said respective movable package carriers and interwoven with each other. The way it is made to match. 21. each layer having multiple layers, each layer interconnecting the strands of the adjacent layer constructed of strand material interwoven with at least one strand of A method of creating a braided structure such as feeding trand material from a plurality of stationary package carriers to a braid forming region; , connecting said stationary strand to another strand from a corresponding set of movable package carriers. the stages of interweaving with the layers, and each movable package for the interlacing layers. The stage in which the carrier moves in a predetermined serpentine path and the movable package in each layer. The strands of carrier are attached to the set of static package carriers in each layer. The step of knitting together the strands to form a braided layer and the step of knitting the strands together for each layer. simultaneously feeding the devices into the braid forming region so that the devices overlap each other; At least } movable package carriers of the set carry strands from each layer. Each serpentine transports material to another layer and interconnects with the strands of said other layer. arranging passages; and a method for making a braided structure. 22. 22. A method according to claim 21, characterized in that at least one movable part How the package carrier returns to its original meandering path. 23. 22. The method according to claim 21, wherein the meandering path in the intermediate layer transporting trand material from that layer to an adjacent layer and also back to an intermediate layer, or The strands of the intermediate layer are interconnected with each adjacent layer. Law. 24. Contains multiple layers of strand material, each layer interconnected with strands in adjacent layers or at least one strand of each layer through which the strands pass. A braided structure consisting of strands interwoven with each other. A method of constructing a structure in which a plurality of package carriers and their serpentine passages are arranged in a pipe. the inner surface has a plurality of serpentine passageways formed therein; of stationary strand material is fed from the first set of stationary package carriers to the braid forming area. where said stationary strands are separated from a corresponding set of movable package carriers. The strands are interwoven with other strands of each movable pad. The cage carrier moves along a first predetermined serpentine path to pick up a first set of movable packages. The strands of carrier are combined with the strands from the first set of stationary package carriers. and are interwoven to form a first interwoven layer. , simultaneously feeding strands from a second stationary package carrier into the braid forming area. and a corresponding strand from a second set of movable package carriers. such that each movable package carrier of the second set is aligned with a predetermined number. 2 serpentine paths, which lead to struts from a second set of movable package carriers. interweave the strands with strands from a second set of stationary package carriers. to form a second interwoven layer over the first interwoven layer. and each serpentine path includes at least one of each set of movable package carriers. A movable package carrier transports the strand material from its respective layer to the adjacent layer. The strands are then interconnected with the adjacent layer before being returned to the original layer. A method for making a braided cord structure, further characterized in that the braided cord structure is arranged in a pattern. 25. 25. The method according to claim 24, wherein the inner surface of the tube is circular or oval. Or a polyhedral cross-sectional shape. 26. A braiding machine for forming multi-layer hollow braids, comprising multiple groups of strands. The material is fed to a braid forming station where it is assembled into each group of strands. means for forming a layer of braid at said station; During interweaving, one strand from one layer of the braid is guided into the next layer and or passing through the layer to form an interconnection between the two layers. A braiding machine comprising steps and. 27. A machine according to claim 26, characterized in that it to a braid forming station to form a layer of braid at the station. The means for doing so includes a plurality of circumferential meandering passages formed on the inner surface of the tubular member. A hollow member, multiple horn gears that mesh with each other, and multiple movable package keys. carrier and each package carrier in a predetermined order by rotation of the horn gear. movable package carriers arranged to move through serpentine aisles of adjacent meandering passages so as to move from one meandering passage to an adjacent meandering passage. and means for changing tracks between the tracks. 28. A braiding machine according to claim 27, comprising means for changing tracks. is provided between adjacent serpentine passageways, and a package carrier is movable about the tubular member. During one pass, the carrier is moved from one circumferential serpentine path to the adjacent A braiding machine adapted to make at least one trip down a serpentine path. 29. A braiding machine according to claim 27 or 28, each comprising: a serpentine passageway disposed adjacent to the end plate of the tubular body, and an intermediate serpentine passageway; at least once during each pass of the package carrier around the part. The movable package carriers in the meandering path are connected to each other by means of a horn gear. A braiding machine made to move to each of the rows. 30. A braiding machine according to claim 28 or 29, which A braiding machine whose members have circular, oval or polygonal cross sections. 31. A braiding machine according to any one of claims 27 to 30. The inner surface of the tubular member has a plurality of track-forming members, the members being standard track-forming members. including rack-forming members, each defining an end of a track portion of the serpentine path; , each member is curved to match the curvature of the cylindrical member, and each track shape is Braiding where the constituent members define a standard track-forming member or an intersection track-forming member. machine. 32. A braiding machine according to any one of claims 27 to 31. a package carrier including a plurality of intermediate serpentine passageways and a package carrier around a tubular member; movable in at least one intermediate passage at least once during one pass; A package carrier is moved into the plurality of said serpentine paths by a horn gear. Braiding machine made. 33. A braiding machine according to any one of claims 27 to 32. wherein each serpentine passageway consists of a pair of intersecting zigzag or generally sinusoidal passages; It is formed by id-shaped tracks, and these tracks are connected to the bed plate. A braiding machine in which the parts are located. 34. The braiding machine according to claim 33, wherein a braiding machine in which each pair of tracks defines an island section. 35. A braiding machine as set forth in claim 34, comprising: an island portion or a number thereof; A braiding machine that has the overall shape of a lemon in plan view. 36. A braiding machine according to claim 34 or 35, wherein the braiding machine is movable. The package carrier is mounted so that it can slide along the track. This structure is driven by a horn gear placed on the underside of the serpentine track. An array of horn gears located on the underside of each truck drive in opposite directions within each truck. It is adapted to act to drive the package carrier, thereby causing either At one intersection, the horn gear moves the package carrier across the intersection to the first , and then moves the second package carrier towards that same intersection. A braiding machine that works by driving the fibers across in an almost perpendicular direction. 37. Braiding machine according to claim 34, 35, or 36 in which two or more meandering paths are arranged side by side and the packages in each truck are an array of islands extending in columns generally transverse to the direction of movement of the carrier; , so that all island portions of the first meandering path form a second and subsequent aligned with all of the island portions of the serpentine path and extending substantially perpendicular to the line of the serpentine track; A braiding machine designed to form columns. 38. A braiding machine according to claim 37, characterized in that two adjacent passages Within the interval between, islands are modified to facilitate track intersection between adjacent meandering paths. Braiding machine to form the difference part. 39. A braiding machine according to any one of claims 34 to 38. The horn gear is placed below the meandering passage to form a gear train, basically A braiding machine in which one gear is placed on the underside of each island. 40. A braiding machine according to any one of claims 34 to 39. where the spacing dimension of each island portion and each intersection in a given meandering path are The spacing dimension of the differential positions is held substantially constant, and Adjacent island sections of the standard are modified in pairs forming sections of intersecting track between them. Braiding machine that can be replaced with a broken island part. 41. A braiding machine according to claim 29, wherein each horn gear has a It has a direct meshing relationship with the adjacent horn gear in a given passage, and The horn gears in the passages (or rows) are intermeshed at an angle to each other. braiding machine. 42. A braiding machine according to claim 41, characterized in that the braiding machine has interlocking holes. A braiding machine in which the gear is attached to the outside of the machine's tubular bed plate. 43. A braiding machine according to claim 42, comprising: a tubular bed plate; has a plurality of track-forming members or track plates; including standard track-forming members, each defining an end of a track portion of the serpentine path; each member or plate is curved to match the curvature of the bed plate. braiding machine. 44. A braiding machine according to claim 42 or 43, which comprises a gear A braiding machine in which the drive means for are attached to one of the end plates. 45. The braiding machine according to claim 44, wherein the driving means is Basics attached to end plates and placed at 90° angles to each other A braiding machine that includes drive gears and where these gears are driven by one prime mover. 46. A braiding machine according to claim 44 or 45, comprising: A braiding machine in which a pulling means is provided between the drive gears on each end plate. 47. A braiding machine according to any one of claims 26 to 46. a fixed or stationary package carrier is provided to machine the strands; A braiding machine designed to guide each part of the machine. 48. Dependent on claim 34 or any claim dependent thereon In this case, the braiding machine according to claim 47, A braiding machine where the rear is located on the island.