JPS6311198Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the idea]

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention involves injecting a continuous filament bundle together with a filament carrier fluid to defibrate and disperse the filaments, and then spread out the filament bundle and collect it on a collection surface to collect fibers. This invention relates to improvements in injection nozzles used to manufacture webs. [Prior Art] Conventionally, a continuous filament bundle is injected together with a filament carrier fluid to separate and disperse the filament bundle, and then the filament bundle is spread out and deposited on a collection surface, and then continuously peeled off. It is known to produce continuous fiber laminates called nonwovens, webs, fleeces, etc. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-4026, Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-
No. 1183 discloses an apparatus for manufacturing a nonwoven web. In all of these, the filament bundle is pulled by an air-injection type traction device, and the filament bundle discharged from the nozzle of this device collides with a collision plate together with a jet flow, and when opening and dispersing the filaments, the nozzle of the traction device External air or forcibly sent gas is entrained around the outer periphery of the jet flow and collides with the collision plate, bending the flow direction of the jet flow and spreading the flow into a fan shape, opening the filament. The basic idea is to disperse and release it. Furthermore, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 125666/1983 discloses that a plurality of flat collision plates are provided at the bottom of the nozzle of the traction device.
By sequentially arranging the filament in the shape of a square, and making the collision plate at the rear swingable relative to the collection surface, the filament bundle injected from the nozzle along with the jet flow is opened and dispersed onto the collection surface. An apparatus for producing a fiber web is described. [Problems that the invention attempts to solve] However, the former (Special Publication No. 49-4026,
In the device disclosed in JP-A No. 52-1183), the cylindrical portion of the present invention and the portion corresponding to the tongue portion are constructed separately with a slight gap between them, and the tongue portion Side walls are provided on both sides of the corresponding portion to restrict the spread of the filament to a certain fan-shaped angle after colliding with the tongue, so that the outside air sucked through the gap gets entangled between the filaments. Since the side wall also forcibly restricts the airflow in the vicinity, there is a problem in that the filaments become entangled with each other. Furthermore, in the latter device (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 49-125666), the nozzle and the flat collision plate are not integrated, and moreover, the inner wall surface of the nozzle and the collision surface of the collision plate are connected. Therefore, the filament bundle injected from the nozzle together with the jet flow becomes entangled due to the airflow from the gap and the sudden change in the direction of travel at the collision plate, and then the filament bundle that collides with the second collision plate also causes a sudden change in the direction of travel. This conversion causes the problem that the entanglement is further increased and the filament cannot be opened and expanded sufficiently. The inventors of the present invention were struggling to develop a spray nozzle for producing fiber webs that could satisfactorily open, disperse, and expand filaments, but in the process, they discovered that the water spray nozzles used in sprinklers We focused on the fact that a thin, uniform water film was formed in a fan shape. Then, we decided to use the filament bundle and the fluid (generally compressed air) that conveys it in the production of webs using a jet nozzle instead of the water described above, and the results were surprisingly similar to those used in conventional fiber web production. We learned that this method is an extremely effective means for producing uniform fiber webs that cannot be obtained by other methods or devices, and have completed the present invention. The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and provides an injection nozzle that has a simple structure and can produce a wide and uniformly defibrated fiber web. [Means for solving the problems] The configuration of the present invention is as follows. That is, in an injection nozzle that produces a fiber web by ejecting a continuous filament bundle together with a filament carrier fluid from an injection nozzle and collecting the filaments constituting the filament bundle on a collecting surface in a dispersed state, a) The injection nozzle includes a cylindrical part and a tongue part connected to a part of the lower end of the cylindrical part, and (b) The continuous filament bundle and the filament carrier fluid are supplied to the cylindrical part. (c) the upper end of the conduction hole forms an inlet portion for the continuous filament bundle and the filament transport fluid; (d) the lower end of the conduction hole is opened to form an outlet portion; (e) the back part of the open atmosphere is shielded by the upper part of the tongue part connected to the lower end of the cylindrical part; (f) the lower part is shielded by the lower part of the tongue part; (g) the front portion and the side portions are open to the surrounding atmosphere; (h) the tongue surface forming the upper surface of the tongue-like portion is continuous with a downwardly directed curved surface from the inner wall surface of the through hole; (i) the plane is inclined at an angle θ of 70° to 80° with respect to the center line of the through hole; (j) the tongue surface is formed from the The object of the present invention is to provide an injection nozzle for manufacturing a fiber web, characterized in that the area below the through hole is larger than the projected area of the through hole projected onto the tongue surface in the direction of the center line of the through hole. do. The present invention will be explained in detail based on an embodiment shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view showing the main parts of an embodiment of the injection nozzle for manufacturing a fiber web (hereinafter simply referred to as "nozzle") according to the present invention. Figure 2 shows the first
It is an AA cross-sectional view of the figure. Figure 3 a, b,
c shows a BB cross-section, a CC cross-section, and a D-D cross-sectional arrow view in FIG. 2, respectively. In this embodiment, the nozzle 1 includes a cylindrical part 2 and a tongue-shaped part 3 connected to a part of the lower end of the cylindrical part 2.
The cylindrical part 2 is provided with a through hole 4 through which a continuous filament bundle and a filament carrier fluid (usually pressurized air is used) are conducted, and the upper end of the through hole 4 of the cylindrical part 2 is is in communication with a source of continuous filament and filament carrier fluid. In the lower part of the nozzle 1 in Fig. 2, the lower side is the bottom surface of the nozzle, the left side is the front surface of the nozzle, the right side is the back surface of the nozzle, and the side surface between the front and back surfaces is the side surface of the nozzle. , the back surface of the nozzle is shielded by the upper part of the tongue-shaped part 3 connected to the cylindrical part 2, and the lower surface part of the nozzle forms a space between the lower end of the cylindrical part 2 and the tongue-shaped part. The lower part of the part 3 is shielded, and the front part of the nozzle and the side part of the nozzle are open to the surrounding atmosphere. Therefore, the front surface of the tongue portion 3 is formed with a smooth tongue surface 6 formed at the upper portion of the tongue portion 3, which smoothly connects with the inner wall 5 of the through hole 4 provided in the cylindrical portion 2. The tongue surface 6 forms part of a cylindrical surface whose tangential plane is parallel to the center line of the nozzle 1 (the center line S of the through hole 4) at the portion where it contacts the inner wall 5 of the through hole 4. , gradually becomes part of the curved surface of the spheroid as it moves away from the lower end of the through hole 4, and then smoothly transitions to a flat surface. In Figure 3, the part marked O forms part of the cylindrical surface, the part marked P forms part of the curved surface of the spheroid, and the part marked Q forms part of the plane. , these parts are connected by smooth curved surfaces. Further, in FIGS. 1 to 3, the curved surface portion P of the tongue surface 6 may be configured to correspond to the outer curved surface of a cylinder, and the plane Q may be continuous with this P portion. 4 and 5 are cross-sectional views showing other embodiments of the nozzle according to the present invention. FIG. 4 shows a nozzle with a recess 7 at the joint between the cylindrical part 2 and the tongue part 3. FIG. FIG. 5 shows a nozzle with a projection 8 on this connecting part. In the nozzle according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2, it is preferable that the inner wall 5 of the through hole 4 and the tongue surface 6 are smoothly connected, but due to manufacturing reasons and other reasons, FIGS. Although not shown, discontinuous portions may occur on the tongue surface 6. When these conditions occur, a detailed method for determining whether the nozzle can be used will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 2, an appearance inspection shows that there is no problem if the inner wall 5 and the upper end of the tongue surface 6 are smoothly connected and also smoothly connected to the curved surface of the tongue surface 6. However, the depression 7 and the protrusion 8
In some cases, turbulence occurs in the filament carrier fluid ejected at high speed. It is best to use water to test this level. When tap water is supplied to the upper end of the through hole 3 of the nozzle 1 through the hose, the water is discharged while forming a water film with a fan-shaped spread even if it leaves the lower end of the tongue surface 6. Nozzles with unsatisfactory fan-shaped water films may be excluded as unsuitable products. According to the test results of the present inventors, the depth r of the recess or the height r' of the protrusion is 10% relative to the radius R of the through hole 4.
% or less, it has been confirmed that it can withstand use. Furthermore, in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 3,
Although the shape of the tongue surface 6 is shown as a cylindrical surface, a spheroidal surface, and a part of a flat surface connected smoothly, without being particular about such a complicated shape, in the cross-sectional view shown in FIG. The shape of the tongue surface 6 may be a part of the inner surface of the cylinder. Even when a part of the curved surface is used, the tip Q of the tongue surface 6 shown in FIGS. 3a to 3c needs to be flat. If the tip Q of the tongue surface 6 is not flat, the filaments ejected together with the fluid are likely to get entangled with each other, making it difficult to obtain a uniform spread state. Next, the tongue surface 6 has an extension that shields the back surface of the nozzle 1 to prevent excess airflow from entering from the back surface. Further, the overall width of the tongue surface 6 must be such that it covers all of the conduction holes 4 facing the tongue surface 6, or it must be wider than that.
This is because the filament carrier fluid ejected from the through hole 4 expands to some extent when released into the atmosphere. This is because if the filament transport fluid ejected from the through hole 4 is not spread sufficiently to smoothly change direction and spread, the continuous filament being transported will be disturbed. Usually, the nozzle is made in one piece (cylindrical part 1
Of course, the tongue-shaped portion 3 may be detachable), but it is preferable to use a cylindrical member having a diameter at least twice the diameter of the through hole 4, since the above-mentioned requirements can be fully satisfied. In the nozzle according to the present invention, the inclination angle θ of the tip Q of the tongue surface 6 with respect to the center line of the nozzle 1 (the center line of the through hole 4) must be in the range of 70° to 80°. If the inclination angle θ is less than 70°, the filament bundle and the filament carrying fluid will not spread sufficiently, and if it exceeds 80°, entanglement will easily occur between the single filaments, and although the width of the spread fibers will be large, the opening will not be sufficient. The disadvantage is that it is not uniform. In addition, in the embodiment of the nozzle according to the present invention,
Although the cross-sectional shape of the conduction hole 4 is circular, it is not limited to this, and may be rectangular, elliptical, or polygonal. That is, the tongue-shaped portion of the present invention has the following characteristics: ○B The tongue surface forming the upper surface of the tongue-shaped portion is formed of a curved surface that continues from the inner wall surface of the conductive hole and faces downward, and a flat surface that is continuous with the curved surface. ○B The plane is inclined at an angle θ of 70° to 80° with respect to the center line of the conduction hole, ○C The tongue surface is located below the conduction hole at the center of the conduction hole. It has a larger area than the projected area of the through hole projected onto the tongue surface in the linear direction. Note that the nozzle according to the present invention can also be applied to the production of fiber webs using fiber bundles made of staples. [Operation] In the nozzle according to the present invention described above, the continuous filament bundle is ejected from the through hole 4 at high speed accompanied by the filament transport fluid. The continuous filament bundle and the filament carrier fluid pass through the entire cross section of the through hole 4, but the tongue surface 6 of the tongue portion 3
The direction of movement thereof is gradually changed, and the membrane is gradually expanded and released from the tip of the tongue surface 6 while being formed into a membrane shape. In this process, the filament transport fluid that transports the continuous filament bundle is
To transport a filament bundle extremely smoothly without disturbing its streamlines. Therefore, a uniform fiber web can be formed without intertwining or tangling of the filaments. The nozzle according to the present invention was published in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-4026.
No. 1183, JP-A-52-1183 and JP-A-49-
It is not clear why this method is more effective in splitting, dispersing, and expanding continuous filament bundles than the conventional method disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 125666. However, in the above-mentioned conventional technology, a fluid other than the filament carrier fluid is made to accompany the filament carrier fluid, and the continuous filament and the filament carrier fluid are attached to a collision plate provided at a position away from the end of the nozzle. It has a structure in which the filament collides with the filament and suddenly changes its traveling direction, and it is presumed that the difference in these structures disturbs the streamlines of the filament transport fluid for some reason. [Example] Examples 1 to 3, Comparative Examples 1 to 4 Nozzle tip Q with respect to center line S of conduction hole 4
In order to search for the most favorable condition for the inclination angle θ,
Nylon is spun from a spinning device (not shown) having a spinneret with 72 spinning holes, and the inner diameter of the through hole 4 is
Pressurized air with a pressure of 2 Kg/cm ² G was supplied to the 10 mm nozzle 1 as the filament carrier fluid at a flow rate of 440 N/min, and the filament was ejected at a speed of 5420 m/min. The filament opening state (entangled state and opening width W)
mm) was determined laterally. In this experiment, the inclination angle θ of the plane Q was varied in the range of 60° to 90° in 5° increments. The experimental conditions and results of this experiment are as follows:
As shown in Table 1. Example 4, Comparative Example 5 In order to search for a preferable shape of the tongue surface 6, the tongue surface 6 was
Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 were carried out for two types of tongue surface shapes from the upper end to the lower end: one corresponding to the outer curved surface of a cylinder (curved surface radius: 15 mm), and one in which the plane Q was continuous to the outer curved surface of the cylinder. Using the same spinning device and spinning conditions as in ~4, the nozzle center line S
The opening state (entangled state and opening width Wmm) of the filament at L=100 mm was determined. The experimental conditions and results of this experiment are as follows:
As shown in Table 1, when the results of each experiment are combined,
It can be seen that the most preferred structure of the nozzle of the present invention is such that the inclination angle θ is within 70° to 80°, and the shape of the tongue surface 6 is preferably such that at least a flat surface is connected to the end of the curved surface.

[Table] Note that the average single yarn fineness of the filaments obtained in the above series of experiments was 0.53 d. [Effects of the invention] As stated above, the injection nozzle according to the invention has the following effects:
Since the cylindrical part and the tongue part, especially the inner wall and the tongue surface are connected, the tongue surface is curved, and the tip of the tongue surface is flat, the continuous filament bundle and the flow of the filament carrying fluid are not disturbed. It becomes possible to sufficiently separate and spread the filaments and release them, and a fiber web without entanglements between single filament yarns, that is, a uniform fiber web without uneven thickness or density can be obtained. In addition, since the cylindrical part and the tongue part are integrally constructed, it can be easily manufactured from a single round bar, and it has excellent effects in that it is easy to attach to the injection device and handle. It is.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing the main parts of a nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3 a, b, and c are respectively A cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B in FIG. 2, a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C,
It is a sectional view taken along the line DD. FIGS. 4 and 5 are cross-sectional views showing different nozzle structures from those in FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. Explanation of symbols in the drawings: 1: nozzle, 2: cylindrical part, 3: tongue-like part, 4: conduction hole, 5: inner wall of conduction hole, 6: tongue surface, 7: depression, 8: protrusion, O: Cross-sectional line of the spheroid, P: curved surface of the spheroid, Q: plane, r: depth of the depression, r': height of the protrusion, θ: angle of inclination of the plane Q with respect to the center line of the through hole 4.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] A fiber web is produced by ejecting a continuous filament bundle together with a filament carrier fluid from an injection nozzle, and collecting the filaments constituting the filament bundle on a collecting surface in a dispersed state. (a) The injection nozzle includes a cylindrical part and a tongue-like part connected to a part of the lower end of the cylindrical part, and (b) The continuous filament is arranged in the cylindrical part. (c) an upper end of the through hole serves as an inlet for the continuous filament bundle and the filament transport fluid; (d) a lower end of the through hole is open; (e) the back part of the open atmosphere is shielded by the upper part of the tongue part connected to the lower end of the cylindrical part; (f) the lower part of the tongue part is connected to the lower end of the cylindrical part; (g) the front part and the side parts are open to the surrounding atmosphere; (h) the tongue surface forming the upper surface of the tongue part is continuous from the inner wall surface of the through hole and extends downward; (i) the plane is inclined at an angle θ of 70° to 80° with respect to the center line of the through hole; (j) Manufacturing a fiber web characterized in that the tongue surface has a larger area below the conduction hole than the projected area of the conduction hole projected onto the tongue surface in the direction of the center line of the conduction hole. injection nozzle.