JPS63106369A - Fluid energy converting arrangement - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To facilitate flow rate adjustment and output power control in such an arrangement that a shaft member is fitted in a hole in a hole member, by forming a spiral groove in either of the inner peripheral surface of the hole member and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft, and by disposing a spiral seal in the spiral groove. CONSTITUTION:A shaft member 11 in which a spiral seal 3 is fitted in a spiral groove 3 formed in the outer peripheral surface thereof, is fitted in a cylindrical hole member 4. The axial center selection of the hole member 4 has a small diameter part 4a having a diameter smaller than that of both end parts thereof, and the outer periphery of the spiral seal member 3 is made to slide on the inner peripheral surface of the small diameter part 4a. Further, it is arranged such that when fluid is allowed to flow from an inlet port 5 to an outlet port 6 which are formed in the axial both end parts of the hole member 4, the fluid is subjected to resistance in a spiral passage 7 formed by the part of the spiral seal 3, and thus obtained resistance is used to rotate the shaft member 1 by means of the spiral seal 3 so that power may be taken out. Further, in the case of the drive rotation of the shaft member 1, it functions as a pump.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention "Industrial Application Field" The present invention provides a structure in which a spiral passage is provided at the joint surface of a hole member and a shaft member in a fitted state, and energy is converted by flowing fluid through the spiral passage. Regarding.

``Prior Art'' Examples of methods for converting fluid energy by fitting a shaft member into a hole member and forming a spiral passage at the joint surface are: (1) the pressure of the fluid flowing through the spiral passage; (2) A device that performs a pump action by rotating the hole member and the shaft member that form the spiral passage to push out the fluid in the spiral passage in the advancing direction of the spiral passage. , (3) There are devices in which the member forming the spiral passage is rotated by causing pressure fluid to flow through the n-line passage, thereby acting as a hydraulic turbine or the like.

Conventionally, there is no known method for controlling the fluid pressure or flow rate by flowing fluid through a spiral passage, and the only known method is Japanese Patent Application No. 80-248747 filed by the inventor of the invention.

Furthermore, screw pumps and screw pumps are known as devices that perform a pumping action by rotating a member in which a spiral passage is formed.

Furthermore, as a turbine, it is common to have spiral blades on the rotating shaft, and the fluid applies rotational force to the rotating shaft through the spiral blades. It has not been done.

"Problems to be Solved by the Invention" Conventionally, devices that convert energy by flowing fluid through a spiral passage include screw pumps, screw pumps, or the invention as disclosed in the present inventor's earlier application (Japanese Patent Application No.
7473), the spiral groove spiral protrusion portion is formed integrally with the shaft member. In this case, it is necessary to prevent the outer circumferential end of the spiral protrusion from coming into contact with the inner circumferential surface of the hole member, which poses a manufacturing problem in that the processing accuracy of the helical protrusion must be improved.

Conversely, if the fit between the outer peripheral edge of the spiral protrusion and the inner peripheral surface of the hole member is uneven, fluid control may become uncertain or pump efficiency or turbine output efficiency may decrease. Put it away.

``Means for Solving the Problems'' The present invention is designed to fit a shaft member into a hole member, provide a spiral passage at the joint surface between the two, and convert energy by flowing fluid through the spiral passage. This is what I did.

The spiral passage may be configured by forming a spiral groove on one of the shaft member and the hole member and providing a spiral seal in the spiral groove, or by forming an annular recess on one of the shaft member and the hole member. , some have a coiled seal provided in the recess.

"Operation" (1) When the fluid energy conversion structure of the means described above is used as a fluid system, the fluid encounters resistance while passing through the spiral passage, and the fluid pressure or flow rate is controlled to a predetermined amount.

The pressure loss Δp of the fluid flowing through the helical passage is determined by the width of the helical passage, the depth of the helical passage, the pitch of the helical passage, the inner diameter of the hole member,
Let α and β be the coefficients determined by the viscosity and specific gravity of the fluid,
The axial length of the spiral passage (effective labyrinth length) is R
It was confirmed through experiments and calculation formulas that when the flow rate is Q, Δp=@RJ@Q'' (Patent Application No. 80-24)
No. 8747 and Japanese Patent Application No. 179392).

Therefore, in the fluid energy conversion structure described above, if Δp is kept constant, the flow rate Q can be controlled by changing R, and if Q is kept constant, Δp can be controlled by changing R. Furthermore, since fluid control is performed using a long spiral passage, even if sudden pressure fluctuations occur on the upstream side, the fluctuations are absorbed by the long passage and pulsation does not occur.

When using the above means as a pump, both ends of the hole member and the shaft member, which form a spiral passage, are held by bearings, and one end of the shaft member is connected to a drive motor, so that the spiral passage is not formed. The other member is in a fixed state. When the motor is rotated, the member forming the spiral passage rotates, and the spiral passage pushes out fluid in the direction of movement of the member, acting as a pump.

When the above means is used as a turbine, both ends of the hole member and the shaft member forming the spiral passage are held by bearings, and the other member is fixed. When the pressure fluid flows through the spiral passage, the spiral passage portion inadvertently rotates the member forming the spiral passage at a distance, similar to the turbine blade.

Embodiment A first embodiment in which the fluid energy conversion structure of the present invention is used as a fluid control device will be described with reference to FIG.

A helical groove 2 is provided on the outer periphery of the shaft member l, and a helical seal 3 is provided within this helical groove. The shaft member 1 is fitted into a cylindrical hole member 4, and the axial center portion of the hole member 4 is formed into a small PI portion 4a with a smaller diameter than both end portions, and is attached to the outer periphery of the spiral seal 3. It is designed to be in contact with each other. In addition,
The inner peripheral surface of the spiral seal 3 provided in the spiral ytz is spaced a small distance from the bottom surface of the spiral groove 2, absorbs interference between the two due to processing errors, and is resistant to wear and vibration. . Further, the sealing performance at the contact portion between the two can be easily adjusted by selecting the material and dimensions of the spiral seal 3. Also, the gap between the side wall of the helical groove 2 and the helical seal 3 is negligible for fluid flow.

The fluid flows from the inlet 5 provided at both ends of the hole member 4 in the axial direction toward the outlet 6. On the way, the fluid encounters resistance in the spiral passage 7 formed by the spiral seal 3. I am starting to receive it.

Further, the shaft member l is movable in the axial direction within the hole member 4, and the adjustment portion 8 adjusts the axial length and effective labyrinth R) of the helical seal 3 within the small diameter portion 4a. It has become.

Then, a pressure loss Δp occurs in the fluid according to the effective labyrinth length R, as described above. Note that if there is no gap between the outer end of the a-spiral seal 3 and the inner peripheral surface of the small diameter portion 4a, β will be 1 in the above formula expressing pressure loss, and if there is a gap or the fluid is a gas. In some cases, β is a constant other than l.

In the above embodiment, the spiral seal 3 was provided on the shaft member l, but
Conversely, the spiral seal 3 may be provided on the inner periphery of the hole member 4, in which case the central portion of the shaft member 1 is formed to have a larger diameter than both end portions. Further, although the spiral yt2 is formed into one thread, it may be formed into multiple threads, and the cross-sectional shape of the spiral seal 3 is not limited to a rectangle. In that case, it may be provided for both.

The pitch of both spiral grooves may be different, or the spiral direction may be 1f.
Turn them in opposite directions so that they don't bite.

Next, a second embodiment in which the fluid energy conversion structure is used as a pump device will be described with reference to FIG.

In this embodiment, a spiral seal 3 is provided on the shaft member 1 as in the first embodiment. A support shaft 11 is provided at both axial ends of the shaft member l.
The supporting shafts 11 project from both sides of the hole member l in the axial direction, and both ends thereof are held via bearings 12, respectively. Further, one end of the support shaft 11 is connected to a motor (not shown) so that the -C shaft member 1 is rotated. The center portion of the hole member 4 is formed into a small diameter portion 4a as in the first embodiment.

Then, when the shaft member 1 is rotated by a motor drive with the hole member 4 fixed, the spiral seal 3 pushes out the fluid in the direction of movement, causing the fluid to flow from the inlet 5 to the outlet 6 to perform a pumping action. .

Note that if the shaft member 1 can be adjusted to move in the axial direction, the pump output can be continuously adjusted. Also in the second embodiment, various modifications described in the first embodiment (for example, a spiral seal is provided in the hole member and rotated around the outer periphery of the shaft member) can be applied.

Next, a third embodiment in which the fluid energy conversion structure is used as a hydroturbine will be described with reference to FIG. 2.

This embodiment also has a shaft member 1 inside the hole member 4, similar to the second embodiment.
are fitted, and a spiral seal 3 is provided on the outer periphery of the shaft member 1. Support shafts 11 provided at both axial ends of the shaft member 1 are held via bearings 12, and one end of the support shafts 11 is connected to a device to be driven instead of the motor. ing.

When the pressure fluid flows from the inlet 5 to the outlet 6 of the hole member with the hole member 4 fixed, the spiral seal 3 receives a rotational force from the pressure fluid, causing the shaft member 1 to rotate.

Note that the shaft member 1 is moved in the axial direction tJJy! If it is adjustable, the output of the turbine can be adjusted continuously. Furthermore, various modifications described in the first embodiment can be applied to the third embodiment as well.

Next, a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 4, in which the spiral seal 3 in the above embodiment is replaced with a coiled seal and used as a fluid control device.

The axially central portion of the shaft member 21 is formed into a small diameter, that is, an annular recess 22, and coiled seals 23 are provided at the four portions 22 of the recess. The coiled seal 23 is arranged so that a constant interval is created between adjacent winding portions, and the position of the coiled seal is regulated at both axial ends of the recess 22. This coiled seal 23 has a mechanical portion corresponding to the spiral seal of the first to third embodiments. Coiled seal 23
Although the cross-sectional shape is circular, other cross-sectional shapes may be used as long as there is a gap between adjacent winding portions.A rubber plate or resin coating is provided on the bottom of the recess 22,
Other configurations where fluid leaks from the bottom of the
Although it is the same as the embodiment, in order to regulate both ends of the coiled seal 23 in the axial direction, the shaft member 21 is formed with a slightly smaller diameter without forming the four parts 22, and the coil is inserted into the gap between the coiled seal 23 and the hole member 4. A shaped seal 23 may be inserted, and its position may be controlled by a nut screwed onto both ends of the shaft member, a C-shaped spring stopper, or a combination thereof.

This embodiment is easier to manufacture than the previous embodiment, and is similar to the first embodiment because a spiral passage is formed in which the cross-sectional shape is the interval between a pair of adjacent winding portions, and the fluid flows through the spiral passage. This will cause a pressure loss.

Note that the modification described in the first embodiment may be applied to this fourth embodiment, and the structure using the coiled seal 23 as in the fourth embodiment may be replaced with the second embodiment. Similarly, it may be applied as a pump device, and furthermore, as in the third embodiment, it may be applied as a turbine.

"Effects of the Invention" The energy conversion structure of the present invention forms a spiral groove or a recess in either the shaft member or the hole member and provides a spiral seal there, so that the spiral seal etc. and the shaft member etc. It is easier to achieve manufacturing accuracy and manufacture than when the parts are integrally formed. Further, by moving the shaft member provided with the spiral seal in the axial direction, the flow control, pump output, etc. can be easily adjusted. Further, by selecting the material and dimensions of the spiral seal, the sealing performance can be appropriately selected.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the energy conversion structure of the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the energy conversion structure of the second and third embodiments, and FIG. 3 is the energy conversion structure of the fourth embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the structure. 1; Shaft member 2; Spiral groove 3; Spiral seal 4; Hole member 7: Spiral passage 11: Support shaft 12; Bearing 22; Recess 23: Coiled seal

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a structure in which a shaft member is fitted into a hole of a hole member, a spiral groove is provided on either the inner peripheral surface of the hole member or the outer peripheral surface of the shaft member, and a spiral seal is provided within the spiral groove. Fluid energy conversion structure. (2) In a structure in which a shaft member is fitted into a hole in a hole member, a coiled seal is arranged between the inner peripheral surface of the hole member and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft member, and both axial ends of the coiled seal are Fluid energy conversion structure whose position is regulated by a stopper.