JPS63105292A - Fluid device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a single-acting disk-type fluid device used in a fluid pump device, a hydraulic motor for gas compression, a vacuum source, or the like.

[Prior art and its problems]

Single-acting disc-type fluidic devices have been used in a variety of applications in the past. One typical application is a single acting disc gas meter. Various single acting disk designs for hydraulic pumps and motors have been proposed, but these designs have several drawbacks and limitations. For example, conventional designs of single-acting disc pumps and motors were unable to provide large flow rates in relation to their dimensions, and therefore their input/output power ratings were also relatively low. Conventional designs generally suffer from fluid sealing problems, operate with dynamic pressure imbalances, are unable to alternately pass solids entrained in the fluid, and The disc is subjected to extreme angular acceleration loads during single motion.

[Summary of the invention]

It is therefore a principal object of the present invention to provide a single-acting disc-type fluidic device which eliminates the drawbacks and limitations of conventional devices of this type.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a single acting disc type fluid device of simple design, construction with relatively few moving parts, and of rugged construction having a long operating life under adverse conditions. be.

Another object is to provide a single-acting disc fluid pump/motor device of the above type capable of pumping a variety of fluids, including fluids containing solid foreign matter that could damage the pump or impair the operation of the moving parts. It is to be.

The fluid device of the present invention includes a housing defining a chamber through which a shaft is mounted for relative rotation.

In one embodiment, a pair of nutation members are mounted on the large ball portion of the shaft for rotation about respective axes that intersect in the center of the chamber. A split plate supported by the housing extends radially to one side of the chamber and is slidably inserted into a slot 7) formed in the nutation member. An inlet hole and an outlet hole are formed in the housing on either side of the dividing plate. Relative rotation of the shaft and housing causes the nutation member to move, sequentially expanding and contracting the volume of the chamber and moving fluid between the inlet hole and the outlet hole.

In other embodiments, the nutation member is formed from an elastomeric material that elastically deforms to allow passage of foreign matter entrained in the fluid.

[Embodiments] The above objects and other objects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of several embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figures 1-3 illustrate single-acting disc fluids for use as hydraulic pumps or motors with relatively incompressible working fluids such as water or oil, including highly viscous liquids such as molasses. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the invention providing an apparatus 10; As explained below, the present invention also has applications involving compressible fluids, such as when compressing gas or creating a vacuum source.

The fluid device 10 has an inner spherical surface 1 constituting a working chamber 18.
The housing 12 has an outer wall 14 having a diameter 6 formed therein. A shirt 20 is attached to the chamber along a central axis 22 passing through the center of the sphere forming the chamber. The shaft and housing are mounted for relative rotation by a pair of antifriction bearings 24, 25. In the illustrated embodiment, the housing 12 is fixed to function as a stator, and the shaft rotates. If desired, for example in applications of the device as a hydraulic wheel motor, the shaft may be fixed and the housing rotated about the shaft.

When the device is used as a fluid pump, the rotating elements of either the shaft or the housing are driven from an external power source (not shown) by a suitable drive system. When used as a hydraulic motor to pressurize the injection fluid, power is derived from a rotating member of either the shaft or the housing, as the case may be, by a suitable drive system.

A large ball 26 having a spherical surface and located in the center of the chamber is carried by the shirt l-20.

The ball may be integrally formed with the shaft or may be a separate member keyed to the shaft. The ball carries a pair of nutating members 28, 30 which function like single acting discs. In order to mount the nutation members for rotation about their respective axes 36.38, support means consisting of circular slots 32.34 are formed in the ball, these axes 36.38 intersecting in the center of the chamber. and an acute angle θ(
30'''). Each nutation member is formed with a flat annular base 40.42 which rotates in a respective support slot 32.34. The outer edge 44,46 of the movable member is in the shape of a section of a cone, and the dimensions and position of the nutation member are such that it is adjacent to the conical section along a radial line 48 lying in a plane perpendicular to the shaft. The mating parts are arranged in rolling contact. When the nutating member is in the position shown in Figure 1, the line of rolling contact is at the top of the chamber. This line of rolling contact is synchronous with the rotation of the shaft. An important feature of the invention is that the line of rolling contact creates a common fluid seal between the two nutating members, so that this type of conventional There is no need for separate seals along either side of the single acting disc as is the case with pumps and motors.

A crescent-shaped split plate 50 is carried by the housing;
Projects radially into the chamber on one side of the shaft. The inner edge 52 of the dividing plate is circular and the ball 2
The ball 26 is shaped like the spherical surface of the ball 26 so as to rotate relative to the ball 26 . The opposing radial edges 54 of the dividing plate are secured in shallow radially extending grooves 56 formed in the outer surface of a pair of end cones 58,60 that project into the chamber from opposite ends of the housing. The inner conical surface of the nutating member contacts the end conical member along a rolling contact line forming a fluid seal. Otherwise, the end cone is attached to or formed as an integral part of the shaft, and the end cone is in sealing engagement with the radial edge of the split plate. rotate relative to each other.

Radial slops l-62, 64 (see FIG. 2) are formed on the common side of the conical portion of each nutation member 28, 30, and the dividing plate 50 is such that each nutation member It is fitted into the slot so that it can reciprocate over the half area. Both sides 66.68 of each sector-shaped half area of the dividing plate are recessed outwardly, so that the radial edges on both sides of each slot 62.64 are in contact-sealing at all positions thereof during reciprocating movement of the nutating member. form and maintain a good fluid seal.

The outer periphery 7 of the nutating member in order to maintain a good fluid seal during the entire period of single-acting movement of the nutating member within the chamber.
0.72 is formed into a spherical surface that matches the inner spherical surface 16 of the housing. A pair of inlet holes 74, 76 and a pair of outlet holes 78. are provided in the housing wall on either side of the dividing plate 50.
80 are provided. In FIG. 3, which is a developed view, the direction of rotation of the shaft is from top to bottom, as indicated by an arrow 81. The inlet hole 74 and the outlet hole 78 allow fluid to enter and leave the chamber in which the nutation member 28 operates, and the other pair of inlet hole 76 and outlet hole 8o constitute the chamber in which the other nutation member 30 operates. 0 to let the fluid in and out of the side
An important feature of the invention lies in the novel configuration that allows the area of the holes to be set equal to the total cross-sectional area of the fluid flow through the two sides of the chamber. As best shown in Fig. 3, which is a developed diagram, there are 74, 76, 78°8
0) is substantially triangular. One side 82 extends over the entire width of the sector-shaped half area of the dividing plate traversed by the corresponding nutation member. Each of the remaining sides of the triangular hole extends along a line defined by the periphery of the nutation member at opposite boundaries of its travel across the chamber. That is, for the inlet hole 74 shown in FIG. This is the position of the nutating member shown in FIG. The opposite edge 86 of the hole extends along the line that the edge of the nutation member occupies when the nutation member is moved to the opposite side of the chamber; This is where the side of the member contacts the conical surface of the end cone member 58 at the left end of the chamber. Another important feature of the inlet and outlet hole arrangement is that movement of the nutating member across the area of the hole automatically valves the hole to flow. Therefore, a separate valve member is not required, and a valve drive device is also not required.

The use and operation of the embodiment of FIGS. 1-3 will now be described with respect to applications in which shaft 20 is driven to pump incompressible fluids. When the shaft is driven to rotate relative to the housing, the cooperative action of the nutating member 28, 30, the rotating ball 26 and the dividing plate 50 causes the nutating member to move back and forth within the chamber 18 while simultaneously The ball rotates about its respective axis within the slot 32,34. The single-acting movement of the nutating member is caused by the conical portion 58,60 of the nutating member, the inner spherical surface 16 of the housing, and the ball 2.
The volume between the outer surface of 6 and the outer surface of 6 is sequentially expanded and contracted. Fluid is drawn into each side of the chamber through inlet holes 74,76;
It is pressurized by the nutating member in a path around the chamber and is evacuated through the outlet holes 78,80. The outlet hole can be connected to desired equipment such as a fluid motor or hydraulic actuator through a suitable conduit (not shown).

The relatively large cross-sectional area of the inlet and outlet holes allows for a relatively large flow rate at a constant flow rate, resulting in a large power rating for the pump. As the two nutating members move co-dynamically in opposing relation within a single chamber, the dynamic forces are balanced, and so is the relatively large fluid pressure on the nutating members.

Having installed opposing nutating members within a single chamber,
It is possible to make the angle θ a percentage of the angle required for a single disk with the same displacement. Since the angle θ is thus small, the angular acceleration force applied to the nutation member during single motion is small.

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of a fluid system 88, an embodiment of the present invention, used as a gas compressor. The fluid system is similar in structure and assembly to the embodiment of FIGS. 1-3 and includes a housing 90. Housing 90 defines a chamber 92 within which a pair of nutating members 94, 96 are carried on a rotating shaft (not shown). As in the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 3, 1
A pair of regular sized inlet holes 98, 100 are provided in the dividing plate 1.
It is provided on one side of 02. Instead of a conventionally sized outlet hole, the fluid outlet means consists of a plurality of one-way check valves 104, 106, 108 mounted on the housing and communicating with the chamber on a common side of the dividing plate.

One of these, a check valve 104, is provided on one side of the dividing plate so that the nutating member is inwardly in its travel for venting the gas compressed in the contracting volume between the inner surfaces of the nutating member. It is located approximately in line with the rolling contact position (shown in FIG. 1) at the end. Additional check valve 106
, 108 are mounted in the housing at opposite ends of the dividing plate at the positions occupied by the nutating members at opposite ends of their travel.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention, a single acting disc type fluid device 110, which is applied to fluids containing solids such as sand, pebbles, and other rock debris. In this embodiment, a shaft 112 is rotatably mounted within a housing 114 of the type described with respect to the embodiment of FIGS. 1-3. A large ball 116 is formed on the shaft and its center lies in the middle of the chamber 118 of the housing. A single disk 120 is arranged to rotate within a circular slot 122 formed in the ball 116 about an axis 124 that passes through the center of the chamber and makes an angle Φ with respect to the shaft. has been completed. A divider plate 126 is carried once by the housing and extends radially into one side of the chamber, the divider plate fitting into a slot formed through one side of the single acting disc. ing. As with the embodiment of FIGS. 1-3, both sides of the dividing plate are preferably outwardly concave.

A pair of end cones 128, 130 project inwardly from opposite sides of the housing, the opposing surfaces of the single acting disc being in rolling contact with the surfaces of the end cones at the interface to form a fluid seal. .

Single-acting disc 120 has sufficient "stiffness" to both elastically deform and generate the required fluid pressure.
ness), and the surface of the single-acting disc is bendable so that solids mixed with the fluid can pass between the single-acting disc and the end cone. These parts can be passed through without damaging them. Such a situation can occur when tramp solids become trapped between the surface of the single acting disc and the surface of the end cone. The material of the nutation member is resilient so that its surface can flex and roll over hard solid objects without damage. These members are made of a similar elastomeric material so that the end cone and/or the large ball can flex when solid objects become trapped in the rolling interface between the end cone and/or the large ball and the single-acting disc. It can also be made with The hardness of the nutating member, end cone and large ball will be determined depending on the application of the device. For example, for normal fluid pumping pressures, 50 to 10
0 joule meter hardness is appropriate. Another advantage of making the single acting disk from an elastomeric material is that the nutating member deflects in response to acceleration loads and slot width requirements during single acting motion.

Although the embodiments described above are presently preferred, numerous variations and modifications may be made thereto by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an axial cross-sectional view of a fluid device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partially removed plan view of the fluid device shown in FIG. 1. Figure 3 shows the configuration of the holes and the position of the edge of the nutating member at
0''. FIG. 4 is a developed view showing the structure of the hole of another embodiment of the present invention in the same manner as FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is a developed view of another embodiment of the present invention. It is an axial cross-sectional view. [Symbols in the figure] 10...Single-acting disk type fluid device 12...Housing 14...Outer wall 16...
・Inner spherical surface 18... Working chamber 20...
・Shaft 22...Central axis 24.25...
・Anti-friction bearing 26...Large ball 28.30...Nutation member 32.34...Slot 36.38...Shaft 4
0.42...Base 44.46...Outer edge 48
...Radiation 50...Divided plate 52
...Inner edge 54...Radial edge 56.
...Groove 58.60...End conical member 62.64...Radial slot 66.68...Both sides of dividing plate 70.72...Outer periphery 74.76...Inlet hole 78. 80...Exit hole 81...Arrow 82...
・Side 84...Inner edge 86...Edge 88・
・Fluid device 90 ・Housing 92 ・・
-Chamber 94.96...nutation member 98.
100... Inlet hole 102... Division plate 10
4.106.108...One-way check valve 110...
Single acting disc type fluid device 112...Shaft 114...Housing 116...Large ball 118...Chamber 1
20...Single acting disk 122...Slot 12
4...Axis 126...Divided plate 1
28.130...end conical member or more

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) a housing having an outer wall and an inner spherical surface partially defining a chamber; a shaft extending through the chamber along a central axis; and a shaft for relative rotation about the central axis. and means for assembling the housing; each having an outer peripheral edge shaped to conform to a spherical surface of the housing for sliding along a wall of the housing;
a pair of nutating members; the nutating members rotate relative to the shaft about respective axes extending in opposite directions at acute angles from said central axis through the center of the chamber and abutting each other along a common side; means for arranging the nutating members to roll in contact and form a fluid seal along the line of contact; a dividing plate carried by the housing and extending within the chamber along one side of the shaft; means forming a radially extending slot on one side of the nutation member for slidably mating with the dividing plate; inlet hole means on one side of the dividing plate for introducing fluid into the chamber; exit hole means for discharging fluid from the chamber on the other side of the dividing plate, the nutation member nutating upon relative rotation of the shaft and housing to alternately expand the volume within the chamber; characterized by shrinkage,
A fluid device used as a pump, motor, gas compressor or vacuum source. (2) at least the inlet hole means includes means for forming triangular hole openings through the housing on common sides of the dividing plate, each opening extending substantially the entire travel of the cooperating nutation member; and a base extending along the dividing plate over the length of the opening, each of the remaining sides of the triangular opening being such that the periphery of the nutating member at an opposite extreme position of its travel within the chamber is Claim 1, characterized in that the pore area extends along the occupied position and thus obtains a maximum pore area in relation to the volume of fluid moving in the chamber. The fluidic device described. (3) Claim for use as a gas compressor, characterized in that the outlet hole means consist of one-way valve means for discharging compressed gas from within the chamber of the housing on the opposite side of the inlet hole means with respect to the dividing plate. range 2nd
Fluidic device as described in section. (4) The fluid device according to claim 1, wherein the nutation member is made of an elastomeric material that is elastically deformable so that solids contained in the fluid can pass through the chamber.