JPS63102158A - Organic electrolyte battery - Google Patents

Organic electrolyte battery

Info

Publication number
JPS63102158A
JPS63102158A JP61248643A JP24864386A JPS63102158A JP S63102158 A JPS63102158 A JP S63102158A JP 61248643 A JP61248643 A JP 61248643A JP 24864386 A JP24864386 A JP 24864386A JP S63102158 A JPS63102158 A JP S63102158A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
battery
active material
case
positive electrode
aluminium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP61248643A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Hidesuke Oguro
小黒 秀祐
Toshihiko Ikehata
敏彦 池畠
Masaki Nakai
中井 正樹
Nobuharu Koshiba
信晴 小柴
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP61248643A priority Critical patent/JPS63102158A/en
Publication of JPS63102158A publication Critical patent/JPS63102158A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/116Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H01M50/1243Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material having a layered structure characterised by the internal coating on the casing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/116Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H01M50/126Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
    • H01M50/128Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers with two or more layers of only inorganic material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/116Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material
    • H01M50/117Inorganic material
    • H01M50/119Metals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/131Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by physical properties, e.g. gas-permeability or size
    • H01M50/133Thickness
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/14Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery for protecting against damage caused by external factors
    • H01M50/145Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery for protecting against damage caused by external factors for protecting against corrosion
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent deterioration in battery performance caused by the corro sion of a case by forming the inner surface of a battery case where is in direct or indirect contact with a positive active material with an aluminium layer. CONSTITUTION:An aluminium layer 7a is formed on the inner surface of a steel battery case 7 where is in directly contact with electrolyte and positive active material. Aluminium is anticorrosive against this kind of electrolyte of battery because the surface of aluminium is covered with an oxide layer such as anticorrosive alumite formed by the reaction with oxygen. Mechanical strength of aluminium is reinforced with steel used in the case.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は、リチウムなどの軽金属からなる負極活物質と
有機電解液と正極活物質とからなる有機電解液電池の、
とくに正極ケース材料に関するものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to an organic electrolyte battery comprising a negative electrode active material made of a light metal such as lithium, an organic electrolyte, and a positive electrode active material.
This particularly concerns the positive electrode case material.

従来の技術 一般に有機電解液電池は高エネルギー密度を有し、小形
化、軽量化が可能であり、他の電池系に代り、電卓9時
計など精密機器の電源として広く用いられている。この
種の電池の負極活物質としては、リチウムなどの軽金属
、もしくはリチウムなどの軽金属を吸蔵する合金物質が
用いられており、正極活物質としては、ハロゲン化金属
、酸化物、非金属ハロゲン化物、さらに活性炭などが用
いられている。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Organic electrolyte batteries generally have high energy density, can be made smaller and lighter, and are widely used as power sources for precision equipment such as calculators and watches instead of other battery systems. As the negative electrode active material of this type of battery, a light metal such as lithium or an alloy material that occludes light metal such as lithium is used, and as the positive electrode active material, metal halides, oxides, nonmetal halides, Activated carbon is also used.

また、電解液としては、炭酸プロピレン、γ−ブチロラ
クトン、1・2−ジメトキシエタン等のうち1種類ある
いは2種類以上の混合液に過塩素酸リチウム、ホウフッ
化リチウム等の無機溶質を溶解したものを用いている。
In addition, the electrolytic solution is one in which an inorganic solute such as lithium perchlorate or lithium fluoroborate is dissolved in a mixture of one or more of propylene carbonate, γ-butyrolactone, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, etc. I am using it.

例えば、上記有機電解液電池の1つの例として第2図に
示す扁平形電池がある。第2図において、1は正極端子
を兼ねる電池ケース、2は負極端子を兼ねる封目板、3
は負極活物質であるリチウム、4はフッ化炭素、導電剤
および結着剤の混合物からなる正極、5はポリプロピレ
ン不織布からなるセパレータ、6はポリプロピレン製ガ
スケットであり1電解液として炭酸プロピレンと1.2
−ジメトキシエタンとの混合液にホウフッ化リチウムを
溶解させたものが使用されている。
For example, one example of the organic electrolyte battery is a flat battery shown in FIG. In Figure 2, 1 is a battery case that also serves as a positive terminal, 2 is a sealing plate that also serves as a negative terminal, and 3
4 is a positive electrode made of a mixture of fluorocarbon, a conductive agent, and a binder; 5 is a separator made of polypropylene nonwoven fabric; 6 is a polypropylene gasket; 1 is a propylene carbonate electrolyte; 2
- Lithium borofluoride dissolved in a mixed solution with dimethoxyethane is used.

発明が解決しようとする問題点 このような従来の構成の電池において、正極と電気的に
接続されかつ電解液と接する部分、つまりこの電池にお
いて電池ケースの形成材料の選択が大きな問題となる。
Problems to be Solved by the Invention In a battery having such a conventional configuration, a major problem arises in the selection of the material for forming the battery case, which is the part electrically connected to the positive electrode and in contact with the electrolyte, that is, the battery case.

例えば、ニッケルメッキ鋼やニッケル等をこの電池ケー
ス材料に用いると、後に示す表1の人に示すように保存
期間中に容量劣化が発生する。これは、これらの金属が
電解液に溶解しイオン化傾向の差によりリチウム表面に
析出してリチウムを溶解させるためである。これらの問
題を解決するために、貴金属、例えば金。
For example, if nickel-plated steel, nickel, or the like is used as the battery case material, capacity deterioration occurs during the storage period, as shown in Table 1 below. This is because these metals dissolve in the electrolytic solution and precipitate on the lithium surface due to the difference in ionization tendency, causing the lithium to dissolve. To solve these problems, precious metals, such as gold.

白金など有機電解液中でも正極活物質よりも責な電位を
もつ材料の検討を行った。しかしこの場合表10Bに示
すように、保存中の容量劣化はないが、実際の電池製造
上において極めて高価なものとなり、実用性に乏しい。
We investigated materials such as platinum, which have a higher potential than the positive electrode active material even in organic electrolytes. However, in this case, as shown in Table 10B, although there is no capacity deterioration during storage, the battery becomes extremely expensive in actual manufacture and is impractical.

さらに、ニッケルを殆んど含まず、クロムを20重量%
以上含む鋼を電池ケースに用いることが提案された(%
公昭56−15067号公報)0この材料を電池に用い
ると、耐蝕性、加工性9価格は一応満足のゆく結果が得
られたが、表1のCに示すように、80℃という高温で
長期間保存した場合に容量劣化が確認された。これは、
高温で長期間という保存条件下では、前述のニッケルメ
ッキ鋼と同様に、電解液中へのケース材質の溶解が発生
するためである。
Furthermore, it contains almost no nickel and only 20% chromium by weight.
It was proposed to use steel containing above (%) for battery cases.
Publication No. 56-15067) 0 When this material was used in batteries, satisfactory results were obtained in terms of corrosion resistance and workability. Capacity deterioration was confirmed when stored for a period of time. this is,
This is because under storage conditions such as high temperature and long-term storage, the case material dissolves in the electrolyte, similar to the aforementioned nickel-plated steel.

又、アルミニウムを電池ケースに用いた場合表1のDに
示すように白金と同等の特性を得ることができたが、電
池ケースとしての強度が不足し、実用化には不適当であ
る。
Furthermore, when aluminum was used for the battery case, properties equivalent to those of platinum could be obtained as shown in D in Table 1, but the strength as a battery case was insufficient, making it unsuitable for practical use.

本発明は、このような電池ケース材料の電解液への溶解
による容量劣化という問題を解決するものである。
The present invention solves the problem of capacity deterioration due to dissolution of battery case material in electrolyte.

問題点を解決するための手段 この問題点を解決するために本発明は、正極と直接ある
いは間接的に接する集電体を正極ケースとしてアルミニ
ウム層を電池内側面となるように一体に配した鋼製電池
ケースを用いたものであり、長期信頼性の向上をはかっ
たものである。
Means for Solving the Problem In order to solve this problem, the present invention uses a steel case in which the current collector that is in direct or indirect contact with the positive electrode is a positive electrode case, and an aluminum layer is integrally arranged on the inside surface of the battery. It uses a manufactured battery case and is designed to improve long-term reliability.

作用 この構成により、電池ケースにおいて電解液および正極
活物質と直接触れる部分はアルミニウム層のみとなる。
Function: With this configuration, the only portion of the battery case that comes into direct contact with the electrolyte and the positive electrode active material is the aluminum layer.

アルミニウムは、この種の電池の電解液に対する耐蝕性
にすぐれている。これは、アルミニウム表面が、酸素と
反応して形成された耐蝕性の富んだアルマイトのような
酸化物層でおおわれているためであり、アルミニウム単
独で不足する強度は、鋼製ケースとすることで、充足さ
せることができる。
Aluminum has excellent corrosion resistance against the electrolyte of this type of battery. This is because the aluminum surface is covered with an oxide layer such as alumite, which has high corrosion resistance and is formed by reacting with oxygen. , can be satisfied.

実施例 以下、本発明の詳細な説明する。Example The present invention will be explained in detail below.

第1図は本発明の一実施例による正極活物質にフン化炭
素、負極活物質にリチウムを用いた有機電解液電池であ
り、電池ケース以外の電池構成は第2図に示した従来例
と同様である。本発明によるアルミニウムをクラッド処
理により一体化したステンレス鋼を用いた電池ケース了
は、図に示したようにアルミニウム層7−&が電池内側
面となるように形成されている。この本発明による電池
ケース全周いた場合の保存特性を表1のEに示すが、高
温保存においても容量劣化は同表1中Bで示した貴金属
を用いた場合と同等程度に少なく、他の材質に比較して
すぐれた保存特性を示している0 表   1 (以下余白) なお電池サイズは外径20.0mm、厚さ2.0Inm
の大きさとし、保存前の電池容量をいずれも100mム
hとして60℃及び80℃に保存し、その後30にΩの
負荷をつなぎ、20℃で2.6v終止として放電した際
の容量を示した。
Figure 1 shows an organic electrolyte battery using fluorinated carbon as the positive electrode active material and lithium as the negative electrode active material according to an embodiment of the present invention.The battery configuration other than the battery case is the same as the conventional example shown in Figure 2. The same is true. The battery case according to the present invention is made of stainless steel in which aluminum is integrated by cladding treatment, and as shown in the figure, the aluminum layer 7-& is formed on the inside surface of the battery. The storage characteristics when the battery case according to the present invention is placed around the entire circumference are shown in E in Table 1. Even when stored at high temperatures, the capacity deterioration is as small as when using noble metals shown in B in Table 1. It has excellent storage characteristics compared to its material.
The battery capacity before storage was set to 100mmh, and the battery was stored at 60°C and 80°C, and then a load of 30Ω was connected to the battery, and the capacity was shown when it was discharged at 20°C with a final voltage of 2.6V. .

また、他の活物質との組合せ、例えば正極活物質に活性
炭、負極活物質にリチウム吸蔵合金を用いた場合もほぼ
同様な結果が得られた。
Furthermore, almost similar results were obtained in combination with other active materials, for example, when activated carbon was used as the positive electrode active material and a lithium storage alloy was used as the negative electrode active material.

発明の効果 このように、本発明は有機電解液電池において、正極活
物質と直接あるいは間接的に接する電池ケースの内側面
をアルミニウム層とすることで、ケースの腐食による電
池性能の劣化を防止することができるものである。
Effects of the Invention As described above, the present invention prevents deterioration of battery performance due to corrosion of the case in an organic electrolyte battery by forming an aluminum layer on the inner surface of the battery case that is in direct or indirect contact with the positive electrode active material. It is something that can be done.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は本発明の一実施例による有機電解液電池の構成
を示す断面図、第2図は従来の有機電解液電池の構成を
示す断面図である。 1・・・・・・電池ケース、3・・・・・・負極、4・
・・・・・正極、7・・・・・・電池ケース、7−a・
・・・・・アルミニウム層。 ?−封]仮 3−負1区 第2図
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the structure of an organic electrolyte battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the structure of a conventional organic electrolyte battery. 1...Battery case, 3...Negative electrode, 4.
...Positive electrode, 7...Battery case, 7-a.
...Aluminum layer. ? - Seal] Provisional 3 - Negative 1 section Figure 2

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 軽金属からなる負極活物質と、正極活物質と有機電解液
を有し、正極活物質と直接あるいは間接的に接する集電
体を兼ねた正極ケースとして、片面もしくは両面にアル
ミニウム層を有した鋼を用い、少なくともその正極活物
質に直接あるいは間接的に接する面がアルミニウム層か
らなることを特徴とする有機電解液電池。
Steel with an aluminum layer on one or both sides is used as a positive electrode case that has a negative electrode active material made of a light metal, a positive electrode active material, and an organic electrolyte, and also serves as a current collector that is in direct or indirect contact with the positive electrode active material. an organic electrolyte battery, characterized in that at least the surface in direct or indirect contact with a positive electrode active material is made of an aluminum layer.
JP61248643A 1986-10-20 1986-10-20 Organic electrolyte battery Pending JPS63102158A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61248643A JPS63102158A (en) 1986-10-20 1986-10-20 Organic electrolyte battery

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61248643A JPS63102158A (en) 1986-10-20 1986-10-20 Organic electrolyte battery

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS63102158A true JPS63102158A (en) 1988-05-07

Family

ID=17181167

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP61248643A Pending JPS63102158A (en) 1986-10-20 1986-10-20 Organic electrolyte battery

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS63102158A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11135079A (en) * 1997-08-29 1999-05-21 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Battery jar for secondary battery
EP1265299A1 (en) * 2001-06-08 2002-12-11 Ishizaki Press Kogyo Co., Ltd. Secondary battery, anode can thereof, and method of manufacturing the same
JP2006147159A (en) * 2004-11-16 2006-06-08 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Nonaqueous electrolyte battery

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11135079A (en) * 1997-08-29 1999-05-21 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Battery jar for secondary battery
EP1265299A1 (en) * 2001-06-08 2002-12-11 Ishizaki Press Kogyo Co., Ltd. Secondary battery, anode can thereof, and method of manufacturing the same
US6846337B2 (en) 2001-06-08 2005-01-25 Ishizaki Press Kogyo Co., Ltd. Secondary battery, anode can thereof, and method of manufacturing the same
JP2006147159A (en) * 2004-11-16 2006-06-08 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Nonaqueous electrolyte battery

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