JPS63101181A - Automobile door assembling method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve the assembling work of a door, by constructing a door body with a skelton which serves as a bracket for fixing door interior parts as well as an inner panel and an outer panel, and providing a positioning means for the inner panel on the outer panel. CONSTITUTION:A door 1 is constructed of a frame or a skelton 3, inner and outer panels 4, 5 assembled to sandwitch said skelton 3. The inner and outer panels 4, 5 are formed of plastic, where the inner panel 4 is formed into a deeply squeezed shape opening to the outside of vehicle and the recessed portion is made to fit to the external dimension of the skelton 3. The outer panel 5 is provided with a projection projecting toward the inner panel 4 side and a hole for receiving said projection is made in the inner panel 4. The skelton 3 is formed of a front end member 6, a rear end member 7 and upper/lower stays 8, 9.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a method of assembling an automobile door.

(Prior art) Generally speaking, the installation and adjustment of automobile doors was carried out in the
As seen in Japanese Patent No. 59101, this is done by positioning a door hinge that connects the door and the body.

That is, a conventional automobile door body is composed of an inner panel and a seven outer panel, and is formed by joining the inch panel and the seven outer panel around the same circumference on three sides excluding the waist line. Many door interior parts are attached to the inner panel to the door body. For this reason, when adjusting door building materials,
Currently, the inner panel and outer panel are assembled together.

More specifically, on a vehicle assembly line, a door body consisting of an inner panel and seven outer panels is mounted on a body, and door hinges are positioned to adjust the gap between the door body and the body, that is, to adjust the door construction materials. After that, the door is transported to the painting process, after which the door body is removed and door interior parts are assembled.

(Problems to be Solved by the Present Invention) For this reason, when using conventional doors and methods for assembling the same, the following problems have arisen in the work of adjusting door building materials and assembling door interior parts.

(1) The slight gap between the outer panel and the body requires additional work to tighten the door hinge, which impairs the workability of adjusting door building materials.

(2) When assembling door interior parts to the door body, extreme care has been required to avoid damaging the painted surface of the outer panel.

(3) The movement trajectory of the door interior parts is complicated because the door interior parts must be inserted through the working hole in the inner panel and positioned at a predetermined position, and the interior space of the door body is narrow, so it is difficult to assemble the door interior parts. The workability of the attachment work was poor, and it was also difficult to automate it.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for assembling a door for an automobile, which solves the above problems in terms of the assembling method.

(Means and effects for solving the problems) In order to achieve the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, after the door interior parts and the inner panel are assembled to the skeleton, they are attached to the body via the door hinge. While loading the door, the position of the door hinge is adjusted and the door construction materials are adjusted, and then the outer panel with positioning means relative to the skeleton or inner panel is assembled.

That is, in one aspect of the present invention, the door body is composed of an inner panel, an outer panel, and a skeleton that also serves as a bracket for attaching door interior parts, and the outer panel can be aligned with the 1-inch panel or skeleton. It is equipped with a positioning means. First, the specific assembly method is to assemble the door interior parts and inner panel to the skeleton before mounting the door on the body, and then after adjusting the door construction materials using the door hinge. , to assemble the outer panel. In other words, the above-described positioning means for the outer panel ensures the relative positional relationship between the skeleton or inner panel and the outer panel, so that even if door building materials are adjusted before the outer panel is assembled, the outer panel cannot be assembled. The same effect as adjusting the gap with the body, that is, adjusting the door construction material, can be obtained in this state. therefore,
The presence of the outer panel does not bother the door hinge tightening work when the door is mounted on the tower.

Further, since the door interior parts can be assembled with the outer panel removed, the surface of the outer panel is not damaged during the work process.

Further, since the door interior parts can be assembled with the outer panel removed, a larger work space can be taken up and the assembling work efficiency can be improved.

(Example) Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

In Figure 1, l is an automobile side door (hereinafter referred to as a door), and this door l is a satsushi door with a satsushi 2 on its upper part, and the lower part of door 1 is its frame. The structure is roughly composed of a skeleton 3 (see Figures 2 and 3), and an inner panel 4 and an outer panel 5 (see Figures 4 and 5) assembled across this skeleton 3. The parts are assembled into the skeleton 3, as will be explained in detail later.

Inner panel, outer panel Inner panel 4 and outer panel 5 are both made of plastic. The 0-inch panel 4 is formed into a deep drawing shape that opens outward to the passenger compartment, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. The recessed portions 4a are adapted to the external dimensions of the skeleton 3, and the skeleton 3 is accommodated within these four portions 4a. Inner panel 4 and outer panel 5
and are integrated using bolts 30, as shown in FIG. That is, on the peripheral edge of the inch panel 4, bolt insertion holes 32 into which bolts 30 are inserted are formed at appropriate locations on three sides excluding the waist line, and correspondingly, bolt insertion holes 32 are formed on the peripheral edge of the outer panel 5. The department has
The port insertion hole 32 in which the screw hole 31 is formed is formed to have a slightly larger diameter than the port 30, thereby absorbing molding errors between the inner panel 4 and the outer panel 5. Since the head of the port 30 is received by the metal spacer 33, loosening of the port 30 over time is prevented.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the outer panel 5 is provided with two protrusions 65 that protrude toward the inner panel 4 side, while the inch panel 4 is provided with a positioning six 67. which receives the protrusions 65. 68 are provided. As shown in FIG. 6, one of the positioning holes 67 is closely fitted with the protrusion 65, and the other positioning hole 68
As shown in FIG. 7, the hole 68 is a long hole extending in the front-rear direction, and the width (vertical dimension) of the long hole 68 is the same as that of the projection 6.
The outer diameter dimension is the same as that of No. 5. This absorbs the relative positional error between the positioning sixes 67 and 68 and the protrusions 65 during their relative molding. Note that the reference numeral 69 shown in FIG. 4 is a groove for attaching the side protector.

As shown in FIG. 3, the skeleton skeleton 3 includes a front end member 6 located at the front end of the door 1, a rear end member 7 located at the rear end of the door l, and these front and rear end members 6. It is roughly composed of an upper stay 8 and a lower stay 9 that connect the
-9 are formed from steel plates.

The front end member 6 and the rear end member 7 both extend from the waist line to the lower end of the door l, and have a U-shaped cross section that opens inwardly. Inner wall portions 6a and 7a extending along the outer panel 5, outer wall portions 6b and 7b extending along the outer panel 5, and inner wall portion 6a (
End wall parts 6c, 7c connecting 7a) and the outer wall part 6b (7b)
It has

The lower end of the sash 2 is joined to the inner surfaces of the inner walls 6a and 7a, and the sash 2 is integrated with the front end member 6 and the rear end member 7. Further, on the inner walls 6a and 7a of the front end member 6 and the rear end member 7, there are two stay mounting seats lO that open outward (into the vehicle interior) at intervals vertically for each member 6.7. The upper stay 8 and the lower stay 9 can be assembled to these stay mounting seats 10 using poles 11 (see FIG. 2).

That is, the front end of the upper stay 8 and the front end of the lower stay 9 are fixed to the stay mounting seat 10 of the front end member 6, and the
, 9 are fixed to the stay mounting seat 10 of the rear end member 7, and the upper stay 8 and the lower stay 9 are vertically spaced apart and extend in the front-rear direction.

In addition, in this embodiment, the guard par 12 for side collisions is
is provided on skeleton 3, and this guard par 12
has a double inner and outer closed section structure made of steel plate, and its front end is spot welded to the outer wall 6b of the front end member 6, and the rear end is spot welded to the outer wall 7b of the rear end member 7.
In Figure 3, the X marks indicate welding locations).

Assembling door interior parts The skeleton 3 is as shown in FIG.

An interior parts mounting seat 15 for mounting door interior parts such as a checker 13 is provided, and the skeleton 3 also serves as a bracket for the door interior parts. In the figure, reference numeral 16 indicates a door lock component, 17 a key cylinder, 18 a pull-up outside handle, 19 a window regulator, and 20 a window guide.

The wind guide 20 has its upper end bolted to the upper stay 8 and its lower end bolted to the lower stay 9.
．． A movable bracket 21 is provided on the wind guide 20, which extends vertically between the lower stays 9, and is movable up and down. This movable bracket 21 is linked to the window regulator 19 via a wire 22, and a window glass 23 is bolted to this movable bracket 21.

Also attached to the upper stay 8 in the front-rear direction is a connecting rod 25 for an inside handle attached using a clip 24.
5 has its front end facing the inside handle mounting seat 26, and its contact end connected to one end of the bell crank 27. The other end of the bell crank 27 is connected to a rod 28 extending from the door lock component 16.
8 and the above inside handle conesting rod 25
and is linked via a bell crank 27.

The mounting seat 15 for the checker 13 provided on the end wall portion 6C of the front end member 6 of the checker 13 is formed to be recessed inwardly, and the amount of the recess is determined when the inner panel 4 is assembled. 1st theta
The checker 13 in the state shown in the figure does not interfere with the inner panel 4.

That is, the checker 13, as shown in FIG.
The tip portion 13b is shaped to expand outward, and the main body 1
When the main body 13a is pulled in (the state shown in Fig. 1θ), the tip portion 13b prevents the main body 13a from falling.

Therefore, the inner panel 4 is assembled with the checker 13 in the state shown in FIG. 10. After the door l is mounted on the vehicle body, the checker body 13a is pulled out and the receiver attached to the pillar 73 is moved to the member 7.
4 via a bottle (not shown).

Door a accessories The reference numeral 40 shown in FIG. 11 is an inside handle, and the inside handle 40 consists of a handle body 41 and a frame 42.
The inside handle 40 is assembled to the inside handle mounting seat 26 using bolts 43, and the inch panel 4 is assembled later.

The base end 41a of the handle body 41 is provided with a through hole 4 into which the inside handle connecting rod 25 is received.
4 is provided, and this through hole 44 is opened at the proximal end surface of the handle body 41, and this opening 45 is made slightly smaller than the outer diameter dimension of the connecting rod 25, so that the handle body 1 can be simply used as an inside handle. The conesting rod 25 is fitted into the through hole 44 simply by pressing against the conesting rod 25. On the other hand, the tip 25a of the connecting rod 25 is attached to the handle body 4.
The connecting rod 25 is bent so as to be able to engage with the base end 41a of the connecting rod 25, thereby preventing the connecting rod 25 from being pulled out.

Similarly, as shown in FIG. 12, the door lock knob 50 has a receiving groove 51 opened on its back surface 50a for receiving the rod 28 extending from the door lock component 16.
1 is formed in an L-shape, and its open end is partially made slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the rod 28. Correspondingly, the tip end 28a of the rod 28 is bent into an L-shape, as shown in FIG.
The connection between the rod 28 and the door lock knob 50 is achieved by simply pressing the door lock knob 50 against the rod 28.
This is done by fitting the tip end 28a of the holder 50 into the holder 51, thereby making it easier to connect the two 50 and 28.

FIG. 13 shows the assembly of the key cylinder 17, in which the key cylinder 17 is attached to the skeleton 3 (the outer wall 7 of the rear end member 7).
1)) Due to the installation, the tip part 1 of the key cylinder 17
7a is threaded so that a locking nut (key cylinder cap) 55 is screwed into it. The cap nut 55 is large enough to cover the key cylinder through hole 56 provided in the outer panel 5, and the tip 55a that enters the key cylinder through hole 56 is A gap is provided between the through hole 56 and the key cylinder 56 to absorb the relative positional deviation between the through hole 56 and the key cylinder 56, thereby providing a desirable external appearance.

An example of the assembly process of an assembly line vehicle is shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, in which door mounting and construction material adjustment are performed downstream of the body striping line.

The door 1 is assembled in the steps shown in FIG. In this door assembly process, the upper stay 8 and the lower stay 9 are pre-assembled with the wind guide 20 (indicated as an I-type bracket in FIG. 16).
After the window regulator 19 and the like are assembled to this molded bracket, the front end member 6 and the rear end member 7 are assembled (see FIG. 3).

Door interior parts such as the glass launch channel 70 shown in FIG. This is done by inserting the two members 6.7 into the space from below. This results in
The ease of assembling the window glass 23 is improved.

After the door interior parts are assembled to the skeleton 3 in this way, the inner panel 4 is first attached to the skeleton 3.
It is assembled against. The inch panel 4 and the skeleton 3 are fixed together with an adhesive 80.

In this way, the skeleton 3 with the door interior parts and the inner panel 4 assembled is attached to the body A via the door hinge 60 shown in FIG. 14, and at that time, as shown in FIG. The door hinge 60 is fixed while adjusting the gap B between the panel 4 and the body A. That is, the hinge 60 is fixed to the pillar 73 by aligning the inner panel 4 and the body A, positioning the hinge 60 with respect to the pillar 73, and tightening the bolt 61.

Note that a collar 62 is provided between the hinge 60 and the skeleton 3.
is interposed to prevent the fastening bolts 63 from loosening over time when the inner panel 4 made of plastic is interposed between the hinge 60 and the skeleton 3. Furthermore, the 14th
The figure shows the state in which the door 1 is finally mounted on the vehicle.

After being mounted on the body A in this way, the outer panel 5 is positioned with respect to the inner panel 4 by fitting the protrusions 65 into the positioning holes 67 and 68, and the bolts 3
0 allows integration with the inch panel 4. That is, the outer panel 5 has a protrusion 6 with respect to the inner panel 4.
5 and the positioning holes 67 and 68, and therefore, the gap between the outer panel 5 and the body A is adjusted by adjusting the gap between the inner panel 4 and the body A described above. Therefore, adjustment of the door length at this stage will be unnecessary. Therefore, the door hinge 6
The presence of the outer panel 5 does not bother you when adjusting the door construction material using the door construction material.

Furthermore, since the door interior parts are assembled to the skeleton 3 before the inner panel 4 and outer panel 5 are assembled, the work space is limited to the inner panel 4. The present invention is not limited by the presence of the outer panel 5. Therefore, in the assembly work of door interior parts, the work can proceed without being bothered by the presence of the inner panel 4 and the outer panel 5, and the work efficiency can be improved. Not only can it be done, but it can also be automated.

Furthermore, since the outer panel 5 is removable using the bolts 30, by removing the outer panel 5 after the door l is mounted on the vehicle, it is possible to increase the work space for replacing door interior parts. Serviceability will be improved.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this and includes the following modifications.

■The door l may be a satsileless door.

■Inner panel 4. The outer panel 5 may be made of steel plate.

■The protrusion 65 and the positioning holes 67 and 68 as positioning means for the outer panel 5 are relative, and the inner panel 4 may be provided with the protrusion 65 and the outer panel 5 may be provided with positioning holes 67 and 68. .

(2) In the above embodiment, the positioning means for the outer panel 5 is provided in relation to the inner panel 4, but the positioning means may be provided in relation to the outer panel 5 and the skeleton.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the present invention, adjustment of door construction materials using a door hinge can be performed without being bothered by the presence of an outer panel, thereby improving the workability. Further, since the door interior parts are assembled without the outer panel, the interior parts can be assembled without worrying about damaging the surface of the outer panel. Further, since there is no outer panel, a large work space can be provided for assembling the door interior parts, so that the work efficiency for assembling the door interior parts can be improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the sight door after assembly is completed, Figure 2 is a perspective view of the skeleton after the door interior parts have been assembled, Figure 3 is an exploded view of the skeleton, and Figure 4 is the outer panel. Fig. 5 is a front view showing the state of the door mounting process on the body, Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line ■-■ shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 7 is shown in Fig. 4. ■−■ Cross section. Figure 8 is a perspective view partially showing the rear end of the skeleton, Figure 9 shows the connection between the 7 outer panel and the inner panel, the ■-IX sectional view shown in Figure 1, and Figure 1O is a checkerboard. Fig. 11 is a partial perspective view showing the connection structure between the inside handle and the connecting rod, and Fig. 12 is a perspective view showing the connection structure between the door lock knob and the locking rod. Figure 13 is a sectional view of main parts showing the relationship between the key cylinder and the outer panel, Figure 14 is a partial sectional view showing the door hinge, Figure 15 is a process diagram of the vehicle assembly line, and Figure 16 is a diagram of the door assembly line. It is a process diagram showing each process in detail. 1: Door 3 Niskeleton 4: Inner panel 5: Outer panel 15 Interior parts mounting seat formed on the Niskeleton 30: Outer panel mounting port 32: Port insertion hole 60 formed on the inner panel: Door hinge 65: Interior component mounting seat formed on the outer panel Positioning protrusion 67.68: Positioning hole

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) After assembling the door interior parts and the inner panel to the skeleton, while mounting them on the body via the door hinges, adjust the position of the door hinges and adjust the door building materials. A method for assembling an automobile door, comprising assembling an outer panel provided with positioning means for the panel.