JPS6299594A - Crushing rod - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION "Field of Industrial Application" This invention relates to a crushing rod for crushing rock.

"Prior Art" Generally, in tunnel excavation, etc., a method is used to crush rock by applying an impactful force using explosives, a rock drill, etc. However, such a method applies a shocking force to the rock, which not only generates vibration and noise, but is also dangerous. Therefore, in recent years, in order to prevent such drawbacks, various means for crushing rock by static force have been used.

Conventionally, this type of rock crushing method using static force is
The methods shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, those shown in FIG. 8, and the methods shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 are known.

The crushing rod l shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 has a rubber duplex 11 closed at one end filled with actuator 9f+ 12, and a hydraulic hose I for supplying pressure oil to this hydraulic oil I2 at the other end.
3 are connected.

Such a crushing rod 1 is inserted into a hole it made in advance in the bedrock R.
By compressing hydraulic oil through the hydraulic hose 13 and expanding the tube II, force is applied to the inner wall of the hole 1 to crush the rock R.

Moreover, what is shown in FIG. 8 is a rock drill. This rock splitting machine 2
has a wedge-shaped wedge 22 driven by a hydraulic cylinder in a main body 21, and beak-shaped wedge guides 23, 23 are provided on both sides of the wedge 22.

Then, this rock drill 2 drills a hole 1 in advance in the rock R.
-1 inserts the wedge guide 23.23 and causes the wedge 22 to protrude, thereby spreading the wedge guide 23.23 to both sides and crushing the rock R.

Moreover, FIG. 9 and FIG. 1O show a method using the static crushing agent 3. The static crushing agent 3 is a paste-like agent that has the property of expanding when solidified. This static crushing agent 3 is filled into a hole H previously provided in the rock R, and is designed to crush the rock R by the expansion force upon solidification.

"Problems to be Solved by the Invention" However, in the above-mentioned crushing rod L, since the pressure of the hydraulic oil is only applied to the inner wall of the hole H through the tube 11, the force applied to the inner wall of the hole H is Not enough. For this reason, although it is possible to break small rocks, etc., there is a problem in that it is not possible to crush rocks sufficiently when crushing rock at a face during tunnel excavation. Furthermore, since force is applied to the entire circumferential direction of the tube II, there is a problem in that the cracks formed in the rock cannot have directionality.

Further, the rock drilling machine 2 requires a large hydraulic cylinder to convert the pressure of hydraulic oil into a large force, and the main body 21 including this hydraulic cylinder becomes bulky and heavy.

Moreover, since this heavy main body 21 protrudes from the hole H, the rock drill 2 tends to tilt. Therefore, there is a problem in that it is necessary to support the main body 2I during use, and an extra worker or supporter is required for this purpose.

Furthermore, since it includes mechanical parts such as hydraulic cylinders, there is also the problem that the entire device becomes expensive.

Furthermore, in the static crushing agent 3, the agent is expensive and requires a long time to solidify after filling.
There was a problem in that the crushing work took time. Also,
The pressure of static crushing agents is sufficient to develop cracks in high-strength, high-toughness rocks! -, J' The problem is that a sufficient crushing effect cannot be expected. Furthermore, there is a problem in that it is not possible to cause cracks in the rock R with directionality in the circumferential direction of the hole H.

Object of the Invention J An object of the present invention is to provide a crushing rod that is small and lightweight, has good operability, is low cost, has a high crushing speed, and can form cracks in rock in a directional manner.

[Structure of the Invention] The present invention has a structure in which a convex portion is provided on the outer periphery of the duplex, the width of which becomes gradually narrower as it goes radially outward.

"Embodiment" Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a crushing rod 4 according to the present invention. This crushing rod 4 is a tube made of urethane rubber.
It is equipped with This duplex 11. Hydraulic oil (
The tube 41 is filled with a liquid 42, and closures 43 and 44 are provided at both ends of the tube 41 to close these ends. Further, a hydraulic hose 45 is connected to one of the closing fittings 43, and is configured to supply pressure oil to the tube 4I to inflate the former tube 41. A metal fitting 46 is provided in the vicinity of the closing metal fitting 43 of the hydraulic hose 45, which protrudes outward. Directional positioning is now possible.

Furthermore, a pair of half-split outer cylinders 47, 47 are provided on the outer periphery of the former duplex 41. This half-split outer cylinder 47 is
It is formed by dividing a cylindrical member in half along a cross section that includes its axis. These half-split outer cylinders 47, 47 have a joint 48 between the pair of outer cylinders 47, 4-7.
・ are connected, and their inner peripheral surfaces are connected to the former tube 4
It is fitted in contact with the outer circumferential surface of 1. These half-split outer cylinders 47, 4, 7 are expanded in width in the radial direction by expanding the tube 41, and the width of the outer cylinders 47, 4, 7 is expanded by the joints 48. are now regulated. The outer peripheral surface of this half-split outer cylinder 47 is provided with a convex ridge portion (convex portion) 49 that protrudes radially outward. These four convex ridges are formed in a wedge shape whose width gradually becomes narrower as they go outward in the radial direction. It is provided over the entire range of directions. When the tube 4I expands, the convex ridge portion 49 is pressed outward in the radial direction to crush the rock.

Next, the action of the crushing rod 4 as described above will be explained with reference to FIG. 3. This crushing rod 4 is inserted into a hole H provided in the rock R substantially perpendicular to the rock surface. Next, when hydraulic oil is forced in through the hydraulic port 45, the tube 4 expands, and the convex ridge 49 provided on the half-split outer cylinder 47 presses against the inner wall of the hole 4. At this time, the expansion force of the tube 4I is concentrated at the tips of the four convex ridges, causing a crack C in the inner wall of the hole H. Then, the convex ridge portion 49 bites into this crack C by the action of a wedge,
The crack C is expanded and allowed to grow further. In this way, cracks C are formed in the rock H in a radial outward direction from the convex ridge portion 49, and the rock R is crushed.

As mentioned above, in this crushing rod 4, the tube 41
Since the half-split outer cylinder 47 having a convex ridge 49 is provided on the outer periphery of the hole I, the expansion force of the tube 41 can be concentrated and applied to the inner wall of the hole I, and therefore the inner wall of the hole I can easily be cracked. can be caused. In addition, the convex ridge portion 49
Since it is formed into a wedge shape, it can easily bite into a crack and spread it out, thus allowing the crack to grow quickly. Further, for this reason, the crack C can be formed radially outward from the convex ridge portion 49.

In addition, in the above-mentioned crushing rod 4, the tube 41 is directly expanded by hydraulic pressure, and the rock R is crushed by this expansion force, so the entire device is placed in the hole H provided in the rock R. The device can be downsized to the extent that it can be used, and does not require any mechanical parts such as a hydraulic cylinder, so the device can be lightweight and inexpensive. As a result, there is no need for a worker or a support stand to support the crushing rod 1, thereby making it possible to improve the efficiency of the crushing work. In addition, since hydraulic pressure is used as the power source, the crushing work can be completed in a shorter time than when using chemical changes such as chemicals.

In addition, in the two-legged embodiment, the convex ridge portion 49 is used as the convex portion.
However, there is no need to limit it to this, and the diameter or width is gradually narrowed as it goes radially outward at the position where the convex ridge part 49 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the half-split outer cylinder 47. A large number of conical, pyramidal, or wedge-shaped protrusions may be provided spaced apart from each other.

Next, a crushing device 5 for forming cracks in rock by using the above-mentioned crushing rod 4 will be explained with reference to FIG. 4.

This crushing device 5 includes a hydraulic unit 51 serving as a hydraulic power source. Hydraulic hoses 52 and 52 for supplying and recovering hydraulic oil are connected to this hydraulic unit 5I.

A control valve unit 53 is connected to this hydraulic port 52,52. This control valve unit 53 is for distributing and supplying the hydraulic oil supplied from the hydraulic unit 51 to each crushing rod, and is equipped with a large number of valves. This control valve unit 53 includes six hydraulic hoses 54 and
... are connected to each other, and each of the crushing rods 4 is connected to this hydraulic port 54.

Next, a method of crushing rock at a face in tunnel excavation using the crushing device 5 as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

First, a concave recess U is formed approximately in the center of the bedrock of the face. This recess U is for securing a free surface when applying force to the rock R to create a crack with the crushing rod 4, and is perpendicular to the rock surface F and has the same length as the crushing rod 4. The opening is formed as a slit-like groove formed in the vertical direction. Note that usually
As shown in FIG. 4, this recess U is formed by making a cylindrical space perpendicularly perpendicular to the rock surface F communicate with each other in a downward direction L using a bit having a larger diameter than the crushing rod 4.

Next, six holes 1] for inserting the crushing rods 4 are formed perpendicularly to the rock surface F around this recess Ll.

Among these six holes H, the recess U toward the rock surface F
Two holes H1, approximately equidistant from the recess U on the left side of the
Form HI, and also on the right side, form two holes 1 (2, H2. The remaining two of the six holes 1-13, 8 =
1 are formed on the left-L side and the upper right side of the free surface U, respectively.

And these holes Hl, )l l, H2, H2,
H3.

Insert the crushing rods 4 of the crushing device 5 described in 1171 into 1-1 and 1, respectively. At this time, these crushing rods 11 are arranged so as to pass through the two convex ridges 49 and 49 and face perpendicularly or in the direction of the recess U, as shown in FIG.

Next, the operating procedure of the crushing rod 4 of the crushing device 5 will be explained. Note that a series of operations of the crushing rod 4 are performed by operating a control valve unit 53.

First, hydraulic oil is pressurized into the crushing rods 4 inserted into the holes H1 and H1 to operate them. Then, hole HI.

Around the HI, there are two convex ridges 49.4 of the crushing rod 4.
A crack occurs in the direction of the plane containing 9, and two holes H1 and H
A crack C1a connecting 1 is formed.

Further, due to the wedge action of the convex ridge portion 49, the hole 1-11
．． The rock R1 between 1-11 and the recess U is pressed in the direction of the recess U, thereby forming a crack C1b connecting the upper hole Hl and the fourth part J, and similarly the lower hole H1.
A crack C1c connecting the and the recess U is formed. In this way, the rock mass RI is separated from the rock mass R by the crack C1. Below, hole ■ (crushing rod 4.4 in 2゜1-12, hole I
- (By operating the crushing rod 4 in hole [3 and the crushing rod 4 in hole [-14 in this order to form cracks C2, C3, and C4, rock R2, rock R3, and rock R4 are separated in sequence. .

In this way, from rock R to rock r (I, R2, R3,
After separating R.1, pull out these rocks.

Then, by repeating the procedure described below, the outer rock is further crushed and a tunnel is excavated.

As mentioned above, this crushing device 5 includes crushing rods, 4
The crushing work can be carried out efficiently because it can be installed in advance in a large number of holes (1) and sequentially activated by the control valve unit.

Effects of the Invention Σ□ As explained below, according to the present invention, a convex portion is provided on the outer periphery of the city recorder, the width of which gradually narrows as it goes outward in the radial direction. Therefore, it has the advantage of being easy to operate, being low cost, having a high crushing speed, and being able to form cracks in rock with direction.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 and 2 show a crushing rod which is an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a side view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the action of this crushing rod, FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a crushing device using this crushing rod and a crushing method for crushing rock by this crushing device, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line v-■ in FIG. 4, which shows the action of the method, and FIGS.
Figure 8 is a side view showing a conventional rock splitting machine, and Figures 9 and 1Q are diagrams showing a state in which a conventional static crushing agent is filled into a hole in the rock. FIG. 9 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view thereof, and FIG. 1O is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X--X. 11... Crushing rod, 41... Tube, 4
2...Hydraulic oil (liquid), 49...Convex ridge (convex).

Claims (1)

[Claims] A crushing rod in which a liquid is pressurized into an elastic tube to expand the tube in a radial direction, thereby pushing outward and crushing an inner wall of a hole in a rock into which the tube is inserted. A crushing rod characterized in that a convex portion is provided on the outer periphery of the rod, the width of which becomes gradually narrower toward the outside in the radial direction.