JPS628965Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a mechanical chuck that allows rapid replacement of the top gear.

The present invention provides a chuck in which a locking pin is provided on the rack convex part of the engaging member in the master jaw, and when the rack convex part of the engaging member in the master jaw and the rack convex part on the back surface of the top jaw are opposed to each other (in other words,
When the locking pin does not engage at all), the tip of the locking pin that engages with the rack on the back of the top door faces the protrusion of the rack, and the locking pin moves backward. By preventing movement of the drive sleeve when the top and engagement members do not mesh accurately, the danger that occurs when the master and top are not securely connected, i.e., when the chuck is rotated, the top is prevented from moving. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mechanical chuck that can prevent dangers such as the chuck flying out of the machine or machining without gripping the workpiece.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail based on an embodiment shown in the drawings.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a chuck main body, and the chuck main body 1 is provided with a plurality of radial master guide grooves 2, and top guide grooves 4 correspond to the front of the master guide grooves 2, respectively. It is formed by A master jacket 3 is fitted into the master jacket guide groove 2, and a top jacket 5 is fitted into the top jacket guide groove 4 so as to be slidable in the radial direction of the chuck.
A rack 6, which is exemplified as a rear engagement portion, is carved on the back surface of the top jacket 5. A slanted hook 7 having a T-shaped cross section is formed at the inner end in the radial direction of the master jacket 3, as shown in FIG. This inclined hook 7 is slidably fitted into a T-shaped inclined groove 9 formed in a drive sleeve 8 which is slidable in the direction of the chuck axis, and in this embodiment, the bottom of this inclined groove 9 forms an inclined surface 9a. The inclination of the inclined groove 9 is set to (the stroke relative to the radius)/(the stroke of the drive sleeve). The drive sleeve 8 is attached to this slope 9a.
A fitting hole 9b into which the inner end of the control pin 15 can be inserted is formed at a position opposite to the inner end of the control pin 15, which will be described later, when the control pin 15 is at the top-jump replacement position (the forward end position shown in FIG. 1). ing. Further, the T-shaped inclined groove 9 is formed on the outer periphery of the drive sleeve 8.
A locking slope 10 having the same inclination as the inclined groove 9 is formed at a position corresponding to the above-mentioned inclined groove 9, and a locking slope 10 is formed at a position facing the inner end of the master jaw 3 at a portion corresponding to an operating pin 16, which will be described later. It is provided. Therefore, when the driving sleeve 8 is moved back and forth by a predetermined stroke in the chuck axis direction by the operation of a rotating cylinder (not shown), the master jaw 3 is slid in the radial direction by a predetermined stroke accordingly. Reference numeral 11 denotes a meshing member fitted to the master jacket 3 so as to be slidable in the chuck axial direction, and as shown in FIG. 12 is formed, and an inclined groove 13 having two surfaces inclined with respect to the sliding direction of the engaging member 11 is cut on one side of the side surface of the engaging member 11 in the direction of the master guide groove 2. Reference numeral 14 denotes a locking pin fitted to the center of the convex portion of the rack 12 of the engaging member 11 so as to be slidable in the chuck axial direction. A V-shaped notch groove 14a that opens toward the center in the radial direction is cut, and the tip of this locking pin 14 is connected to the rack 6 on the back of the top jacket 5 and the rack 1 of the engaging member 11 when replacing the top jacket 5.
In order to prevent the top door 5 from falling off when the top door 2 is removed, it engages with a rack 6 on the back side of the top door 5.

Reference numeral 15 denotes a control pin fitted in the master shaft 3 so as to be slidable in a substantially radial direction, and has a stepped shape.
Its lower end is supported by a threaded pusher 15A, and a spring 15B is installed between the threaded pusher 15A and the stepped portion of the control pin 15.
5 is biased outwardly. control pin 1
5 has an outer end 15a formed in a V-shape and is engaged with the cutout groove 14a of the locking pin 14 through the long hole 11a of the engaging member 11, and an inner end thereof is connected to the tip of the locking pin 14 and the top jacket 5. When engaged with the recessed portion of the rack 6, it is formed so as to be able to substantially slide into contact with the slope 9a. The engagement between the outer end 15a of the control pin 15 and the outer circumferential surface of the locking pin 14 can be achieved, for example, by providing an engagement protrusion on the locking pin 14 and forming a guide recess at the tip of the control pin 15 to engage the two. In other words, by moving the control pin 15 outward, the outer end of the control pin 15 is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the locking pin 14, and the tip of the locking pin 14 is brought into contact with the rack 6 of the top gear 5. The locking pin 14 is moved to a position where it engages with the recess (meshing position), and the tip of the locking pin 14 is opposed to the convex portion of the rack 6 of the top fitting 5, so that the tip of the locking pin 14 is disengaged from the recess of the rack 6 of the top fitting 5. When the control pin 15 is retracted to the position (removal position)
It suffices if they are engaged in such a way that they move inward. Furthermore, this locking pin 14 and control pin 15
When the locking pin 14 moves to the engaging position with the rack 6 when replacing the top, the inner end of the control pin 15 is removed from the fitting hole 9b, and when the locking pin 14 moves to the disengaging position, the control pin 15 is removed. The inner end of 15 is configured to fit into the fitting hole 9b. Further, an operating pin 16 is attached to the master shaft 3 to the meshing member 1 as shown in FIG.
It is fitted in a position parallel to and eccentric to the straight line L connecting the center of the chuck 1 and the center of the chuck, and is slidably inserted through the master shaft 3. This operation pin 16 is formed with a guide slope 17 that fits into the inclined groove 13 of the engaging member 11.
7 and the inclined concave groove 13, the engaging member 11
Move back and forth, master position 3 and top position 5
It is designed so that it can be connected and disconnected. Incidentally, the guide slope 17 may be provided on the engaging member 11, the inclined groove 13 may be provided on the operating pin 16, or the guide slope 17 may be a guide protrusion (for example, a round pin), in short, the operating pin 16 and the engaging member may be provided with a guide slope 17. 11 through an inclined surface, and when the operating pin 16 is operated, the engaging member 11 may move back and forth.

A sliding surface 16a having the same slope as the locking slope 10 is formed on the rear side of the tip of the operating pin 16. This sliding surface 16a is the engaging member 1.
When the chuck 1 is in mesh with the rack 6 of the top chuck 5, it is formed so that it can come into almost sliding contact with the locking slope 10 of the drive sleeve 8, and is therefore in the position where the workpiece is normally gripped (released) (hereinafter referred to as the chuck operating position). ), the sliding surface 16a of this operating pin 16 is in approximately sliding contact with the locking slope 10, and the sliding surface 16a of the operating pin 16 is in approximately sliding contact with the locking slope 10,
The engaged state of the rack 12 of the engaging member 11 is maintained. Furthermore, a notch 18 (described later) is provided at the tip of the operating pin 16 on the side opposite to the sliding surface 16a.
A push-up surface 16b that can be engaged with the push-up surface of is formed. Reference numeral 18 denotes a notch, which is located at the most advanced end of the drive sleeve 8 (the top gear replacement position shown in FIG. 4a).
The operating pin 16 is provided at a position facing the tip of the operating pin 16 only in the chuck operation position so that the operating pin 16 can be fitted therein, and is not opposed to the tip in the chuck operating position.

Reference numeral 18a denotes a push-up surface formed on the front side wall of this notch 18, which engages with the push-up surface 16b of the operation pin 16 as the drive sleeve 8 moves in the workpiece gripping direction, and pushes the operation pin 16 back outward. It is configured. In addition, 19 is a ball that fits into the notch of the operating pin 16 by a spring 19a, 20 is a mounting bolt for attaching it to the front end surface of the main shaft 21 of the machine tool, and 22 is a bolt 23 that connects the rotary cylinder (not shown) and the drive sleeve 8. The draw bar 24 connected to the draw bar 24 is a rotation prevention hole into which a rod is inserted to prevent the chuck from rotating when operating the operation pin 16.

When the operator wishes to replace the top jaw 5 due to a change in the workpiece, the chuck stops rotating, and then a rotating cylinder (not shown) is operated to move the drive sleeve 8 to the most forward end.
Then, due to the engagement between the inclined groove 9 of the drive sleeve 8 and the inclined hook 7 of the master jacket 3, the top lever 5 moves outward, and the notch 18 formed in the locking slope 10 faces the tip of the operating pin 16. Next, when the head of the operating pin 16 is pressed, its tip is pushed into the notch 18, and the guide slope 17 of the operating pin 16 moves into the fourth position.
As it moves downward in Figure a, the engaging member 11 is moved backward by a predetermined amount through its inclined groove 13, and the engagement between the rack 12 at its tip and the rack 6 of the top jacket 5 is disengaged. At this time, the locking pin 14 in the meshing member 11 is still engaged with the rack 6 of the top jacket 5 by the force of the spring 15B, and the top jacket 5 will not fall off from the chuck body. In this state, the operator
If the top jaw 5 is pulled out in the radial direction against the spring force of , and another top jaw 5 is inserted to a position that matches the grasping diameter of the workpiece, this top jaw 5 will be held in that position by the locking pin 14. be done. When the top jaws 5 are replaced one after another in this way and the drive sleeve 8 is then moved toward the workpiece to be gripped (moved backward in this embodiment), the master jaw 3 moves in the gripping direction while retaining the top jaw 5. During this movement, the push-up surface 18a of the locking slope 10 and the push-up surface 16b of the operating pin 16 engage with each other, and the sliding surface 16a reaches a position where it substantially slides with the locking slope 10, and the guide slope of the operation pin 16 The engaging member 11 advances through the mechanism 17 and engages with the top jaw 5. In this way, when the top lever 5 attempts to move in conjunction with the movement of the master lever 3, the tip of the locking pin 14 has a conical shape, and this conical portion engages with the rack 6 of the top lever 5. A force acts on the locking pin 14 in the direction of retraction due to the starting and sliding resistance generated in the top bolt 5, and tries to push the control pin 15 inward, but the drive sleeve 8 is slightly moved from the top bolt replacement position. , the insertion hole 9b and the inner end of the control pin 15 no longer face each other, and the inner end of the control pin 15 comes into almost sliding contact with the slope 9a, so the locking pin 14 does not move back, and the relative position of the top control pin 5 and master control pin 3 can be accurately adjusted. The rack 12 of the engaging member 11 can be reliably engaged with the rack 6 of the top jaw 5 by holding it in place. When the drive sleeve 8 is further moved backward, the tip of the operating pin 16 is no longer in the notch 1 of the drive sleeve 8.
In this state, the sliding surface 16a of the operating pin 16 comes into approximately sliding contact with the locking slope 10 of the drive sleeve 8, so that in the chuck operating position, the operating Even if the pin 16 is pushed in, the sliding contact surface 16a of the operating pin 16
comes into contact with the locking slope 10 of the drive sleeve 8, and the engagement between the engagement member 11 and the top jaw 5 is reliably maintained and will not come off.

During the replacement of the top jaw, the control pin 15 is in the top jaw replacement position of the drive sleeve 8.
The inner end of the control pin 15 faces the fitting hole 9b of the inclined surface 9a. At this time, in the case of a chuck in which the weight of the top jaw 5 is light, or a chuck placed horizontally such as a stationary chuck mounted on a drill press or the like, if the position of the top jaw 5 after replacement is maintained with the peak of the rack 6 on the back surface of the top jaw 5 facing the tip of the locking pin 14, the locking pin 14 retreats to the release position, and the engagement between the notched groove 14a and the tip 15a of the control pin 15 pushes the control pin 15 down, so that its inner end fits into the fitting hole 9b of the inclined surface 9a of the drive sleeve 8. Next, when the drive sleeve 8 is moved in the gripping direction as described above, its movement is immediately blocked by the engagement between the fitting hole 9b and the inner end of the control pin 15. Therefore, by combining with a stroke confirmation device for confirming the stroke of this drive sleeve 8 and controlling the rotation of the main shaft (the chuck mounting main shaft in the rotating chuck, and the cutting tool mounting main shaft in the fixed chuck), it is possible to prevent the main shaft from starting even in the rotating chuck or the fixed chuck when the meshing state between the top jaw 5 and the locking pin 14 is abnormal as described above, thereby preventing the danger that the top jaw will jump out of the chuck or that machining will be performed without gripping the workpiece.
If an operator is beside the chuck, after replacing the top jaw, even if he tries to move the drive sleeve, it will not move, and the top jaw will not move either, so he can know that the meshing is poor even without a stroke confirmation device.

In this embodiment, an outer diameter chuck for gripping the outer diameter of the workpiece has been described, but it goes without saying that the invention can also be applied to an inner diameter chuck. In addition to wedge-shaped chucks, crank-type chucks can also be used.

As described above, in this invention, when replacing the top, if the locking pin does not engage accurately with the engaging part on the back of the top, the locking pin moves back and engages with the V-groove, etc. of the locking pin. The mating part pushes down the control pin so that the inner tip of the chuck of the control pin fits into the insertion hole formed on the slope of the drive sleeve, and in this state, even if you try to move the drive sleeve in the direction of gripping the workpiece, the movement will not occur. is blocked by the insertion hole and control pin, so
If the top jaw is insufficiently engaged as described above, by visual inspection or in combination with a stroke confirmation device of the drive sleeve, the main shaft can be prevented from rotating even in rotary chucks or stationary chucks, and the top jaw can be checked. It is possible to prevent dangers such as jumping out from the workpiece or machining without gripping the workpiece.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the mechanical chuck of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a view from A in Figure 1, and Figure 3 is from B- in Figure 1.
B sectional view, FIGS. 4a and 4b are action explanatory views taken along the line C-C in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a side view of the meshing member. 1...chuck body, 3...master station, 5
... Top gear, 8... Drive sleeve, 9a...
... Slope, 9b ... Fitting hole, 11 ... Engaging member, 1
4... Locking pin, 14a... Notch groove, 15... Control pin, 15B... Spring.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A master shaft engaged with the drive sleeve and a top shaft facing the master shaft in front of the chuck body are both fitted so as to be slidable in the radial direction, and the master shaft has an engaging member for connecting and disconnecting the top shaft and the master shaft. In the mechanical chuck, the driving sleeve is provided with an inclined surface of (the stroke relative to the radius)/(the stroke of the driving sleeve), and the tip of the master sleeve is attached to the back surface of the top sleeve. A locking pin that can be engaged with and detached from the engaging portion is movable in the axial direction, and a control pin that is slidable in a substantially radial direction and is biased outwardly by a spring force,
A fitting hole is formed in the slope so that the inner end of the control pin can be inserted at a position opposite to the inner end of the control pin when the drive sleeve is located at the top-jump replacement position, and the outer end of the control pin is inserted into the engagement hole. By moving the control pin outward, the locking pin is moved in the direction of engagement with the rear surface engaging portion, and by moving the locking pin in the disengaging direction, the control pin is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the locking pin. while engaging to move inwardly,
When the locking pin moves to a position where it engages with the rear surface engaging portion during top gear replacement, the inner end of the control pin is removed from the fitting hole, and when the locking pin moves to the detached position, the inner end of the control pin enters the fitting hole. A mechanical chuck characterized by being configured as follows.