JPS6278211A - Polyester yarn for pilling-resistant cloth - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:The titled yarn to be readily made into pilling-resistant yarn by treatment with a solvent or a decomposer, having a specific gravity, an apparent crystal size of plane 100 and strength in specific ranges, respectively, having ethylene terephthalate as a main repeating unit. CONSTITUTION:Polyester yarn having repeating units comprising >=85mol% ethylene terephthalate, >=1.390 specific gravity, >=45Angstrom apparent crystal size of plane 100 and >=4g/denier strength. A polyester comprising ethylene terephthalate as main component is spun at high speed, undrawn yarn having <=10% shrinkage percentage at 160 deg.C dry heat is drawn at 70-130 deg.C at a draw ratio of 75-90% breaking draw ratio, further drawn at 200 deg.C- the melting point and can be obtained by multi-stage drawing at <=25% elongation.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Application of Industry-1-) The present invention is directed to anti-build 4I Kakukawa polyester which has anti-build properties superior to cotton! ! Regarding maintenance.

(Prior art) As conventionally known anti-build fibers, the main method is to reduce the strength of the material.
Many patents have been proposed, including Publication No. 4 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 36-22910.

On the other hand, many patents including Japanese Patent Publication No. 33247 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 32-5844 have proposed methods for imparting anti-build properties through processing.

However, the former has problems with poor operability and quality deterioration due to the low strength of the material, while the latter has problems with increased processing costs and insufficient building resistance.

As a third method, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 50-135331,
JP-A-51-123315, JP-A-55-112
313, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 50-5J+913, etc., methods have been proposed to reduce the strength at once by modifying the material; There is a problem that it is difficult to form a building block.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As seen above, in the conventional technology, in order to obtain fibers with high anti-build properties, it is necessary to reduce yarn quality, especially strength, initial modulus, etc. Hikiokoshi, manufacturing process of one piece of Kozue,
In other words, it has a negative impact on the operability of the spinning process, weaving, knitting, and post-processing processes. This caused problems such as the inability to obtain high building properties.

In order to specifically solve both of these problems, the present invention has the following features:
Presenting the ideal anti-build polyester fiber 11 for fabrics (j
- Seme.

(Means for Solving the Problems) Means for solving the above problems, that is, the present invention provides easy anti-building treatment by treating the surface of polyester fibers with a solvent or decomposing agent. Next door?
r: Jru, 85 mol% or more of the repeating units are ethylene/terephcrate)
It is a polyester fiber for anti-build fabrics characterized by having a ratio of 1.390 or more, an apparent crystal size of 45 Å or more, and a strength of 4 g/l/denier.

The polyester component forming the polyester fiber of the present invention is mainly composed of ethylene terephthalate units, and the polyester component is composed of ethylene terephthalate units. 8 for 11th place
It is polyester or homopolyester or a polyester mixture thereof containing 5 mol% or more, preferably 90 mol% or more. Co-minor synthetic components other than terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol include isophthalic acid, 2
．． 6-naphthalic/dicarboxylic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid.

Oxalic acid, diethyl/glycol, propylene glycol, cyclohexa/dimetatool, p-oxybenzol 1
'l, 3.5-di(carbomethoxy)benzenesul; 1
．． Examples thereof include gold salts of phosphoric acids, and their ha forms, but are not limited to the above specific examples.

Here, the ethylene terephthalate unit is less than 85 mol% iX
7 is not preferable because it is difficult to achieve a high modulus at the spinning stage, and it is not possible to achieve a high initial modulus after the fiber is treated with a solvent or a decomposition agent.

The fiber of the present invention has a fiber specific gravity of 1.390 or more, particularly 1.
, 395 or more, and from the diffraction intensity of the equatorial diffraction curve in wide-angle X-ray diffraction, the apparent crystal size of 100 planes of the fiber is determined by the method described below.

Here, if the fiber ratio m is less than 1.390, it is not preferable because the thermal stability will decrease.

Also, here the apparent crystal size of 100 sides of the fiber is /
In the case of unfinished 15A fibers, treatment with a solvent or decomposition agent to make anti-build fibers causes a significant decrease in initial tensile resistance, which is not preferable.

The fiber of the present invention has a fiber strength of 1 g/1 l/denier, preferably 5 g/denier or more.

If the strength of the fiber is less than 4 g/denier, it is not preferable because the operability of the spinning process, weaving and knitting process, and post-processing process will be poor.

The fibers of the present invention can be used with a solvent or a decomposition agent for the fibers.
! By treating the 811 surface, it can be easily made into anti-build fiber. For example, the U fiber of the present invention has a strength of 1.5-3.5 g/denier, preferably 1.6-3.
An initial tensile resistance of 2 g/denier, 40 g/0 l/denier, especially 50 g/0 l/denier or more can be obtained.

Here, it is not preferable that the strength after treating the surface of the υ string with a solvent or a decomposing agent exceeds 3.5 fl/denier because the anti-build property is poor.

On the other hand, if the strength of the U fiber after Fli is less than L5g/denier, the strength of the fabric will decrease and it will be impossible to put it to practical use, which is not preferable.

In addition, fibers whose initial tensile resistance after treating the fiber surface with a solvent or decomposition agent are less than 40 g/denier cannot maintain the stiff natural fiber-like feel; This is not desirable because the fabric becomes loose and feels fluffy.

The solvent or decomposition agent for polynisder fibers according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but preferably includes an alkali compound and an amine compound.

As the alkali compound, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, etc. are used.

Typical amine compounds include alkyl amines such as monoethylamine, monoethylamine, normal-probylamine, normal-butylamine, butylamine, ethylenediamine, monoethanolamine, hydrazine high trade, and ammonium. Hydrazine and ammonia, represented by hydrochloride, are used. Conditions for treatment of such fibers with a solvent or decomposition agent ('I varies depending on the type of t! string, 0 degrees, type of solvent or decomposition agent, etc., but for example, when using an alkaline bamboo compound, hydration Sodium 5~
In an aqueous solution of 50g/(!, at room temperature ~ 130°C for 15 seconds ~
An example is processing for 100 minutes.

The method for manufacturing the fiber of the present invention will be explained below.

In the method for producing fibers of the present invention, an oriented crystallized spun yarn is obtained by ultra-high speed spinning of polyester containing ethylene terephthalate as a main component. The obtained shrinkage rate S under dry heat at 160°C
II The undrawn yarn with D of 10% or less is drawn at a temperature a' in the first stage.
Stretching at 70 to 130°C, a stretching ratio of 75 to 90% to a stretching ratio of 5f at break, and from the second stage onwards, the stretching temperature is 200°C to the melting point,
A polyester characterized by multi-stage stretching so that the elongation CIE of the fiber obtained at a stretching ratio at break of 90 to [15%] is 25% or less! 51 II.

The main purpose of ultra-high speed spinning in producing the fibers of the present invention is to
The purpose is to develop oriented crystallization during the spinning and drawing stages, and to form crystal nuclei for promoting crystallization during the subsequent multi-stage stretching. From this point of view, the relationship between V] speed and oriented crystallization is important, and the spinning speed should be determined so that the S It is preferable to set the crystal size to have an apparent crystal size of 100 sides.

For example, the spinning speed is
For those with a viscosity of 1.0), preferably 3500 m/min or more.
4,000 μ/min or more, preferably 4,800 μ/min for polyethylene terephthalate (intrinsic viscosity 0.6)
m/min or more, particularly 5,000 m/min or more, an undrawn yarn satisfying the above characteristics can be obtained.

The oriented crystallized yarn is then drawn by multi-step drawing, preferably by two-step drawing. In the first stage of stretching, uniform necking is performed at a low temperature to ensure sufficient stretching.

For example, the stretching temperature is 70 to 130°C, preferably 80 to 12°C.
75-90% of the stretching ratio at break at 0°C, preferably 80-90%
It is preferable to stretch at a stretching ratio of 90%.

Next, the stretching after the second stage L1 is performed at a stretching temperature of 200°C to melting point, preferably 240 to 260°C, and a stretching ratio at break of 90 to
The structure is fixed by stretching and heat setting at a stretching ratio of 95%. If stretching is performed in multiple stages of three or more stages, the structure may be destroyed, resulting in lower strength, lower modulus, and lower melting point, so carefully set the stretching conditions to provide the necessary properties depending on the application. There is a need to. Further, the stretching temperature must be set to a temperature that does not cause melting. The stretching may be performed by continuously stretching the yarn taken during spinning, or by taking off a portion of the undrawn yarn and then stretching it.

What is important in drawing is that the elongation DI of the obtained fibers is 25% or less, preferably 20% or less.

If the elongation DE of the drawn yarn obtained here exceeds 25%, it is not preferable because the anti-build polyester fiber for fabrics as shown in the present invention cannot be obtained.

Next, the obtained lAl11. When used as a filament, it is rolled up after being stretched. When making it stable, it is then applied with 5 wI and cut into the required length. When crimping is performed, if a relaxing heat treatment is further performed at a high temperature, or if a relaxing heat treatment is performed at a high temperature following stretching, a decrease in the modulus may occur. Since polyester fibers cannot be obtained, pouring is required.

The polyester fiber thus obtained is woven and knitted into a fabric according to the J'd method. When the fabric is subjected to post-processing, especially a dyeing process, it is usually subjected to an alkali treatment before dyeing. The alkali treatment is a conventional method using caustic soda at a temperature of 100° C. or more and 130° C. or less, and the fibers of the present invention are treated for 15 seconds or more and 60 minutes or less.

The product fabric thus obtained is bulky and stiff due to its high modulus, and its anti-build properties are particularly superior to cotton.

(Examples) The present invention will be explained in detail below using examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

The characteristics and measurement methods used for the evaluation of the present invention are as follows.

Specific gravity〉 A density gradient tube made of n-hebutane and carbon tetrachloride ('1
A well-defoamed sample was placed in a density gradient tube whose temperature was adjusted to 30°C ± 0.1°C, and the sample was left to stand for 5 hours. : The position of the sample in the gradient tube is read at the mouth of the density gradient tube.
Convert the ratio m2 value from the ratio calibration graph and measure with n=4. As a general rule, the specific gravity E1 is read to 4 digits after the decimal point.

Apparent crystal size of 100 planes> Apparent crystal size of 100 planes of the fiber referred to in the present invention^C
S m is calculated using the 5herrer formula from the half value of the diffraction intensity of the equatorial diffraction curve in the wide-angle X-ray diffraction diagram [
For details, refer to "X-gland Crystallography" published by Maruzen Co., Ltd. (supervised by Isamu TI)].

The formula of 5hcrrer is expressed by the following formula.

0.9λ 1°) 17) L'i +'ii'+ '4''
(AC5) = r cos.

Tensile strength, tensile elongation and initial tensile resistance〉J l
5L1013-1981 alkali treatment> Sample fabric was treated with caustic soda concentration 70 g/l and bath ratio 1:10.
0 and 98°C for 30-60 minutes.

Amine treatment> Sample fabric was treated with lauryl amine 0.5% owf, caustic soda 0.1% owf, /=ON activator 0.1
%owf water soluble: 30~ at 98℃ at a bath ratio of 1:100 overnight
Process for 60 minutes.

Pilling test> Example according to J15L1070-1978 1゜32g of polyethylene terephthalate with an age of 0.63 was poured through a nozzle through 24 orifices with a hole diameter of 0.2 vsws at a spinning temperature of 290°C. After cooling the yarn discharged at a discharge rate of /min, the take-up speed f11'5000m
/ Minutes.

This undrawn yarn was drawn at a first stage drawing temperature of 110°C and a drawing ratio of 1.
It was stretched 33 times (85% of the stretch ratio at break), and then stretched at a second stage stretching temperature of 240° C. and a stretch ratio of 1.11 times (95% of the stretch ratio at break). Table 1 shows the properties of the obtained polyester fiber.

Polyester fibers are available in 1 million denier 180
Preheat to ℃, apply Q shrinkage with a push-in crimp/bar, and press to 38■
■Cut to obtain stable fiber. The obtained stable is made into a spun yarn with a twist coefficient of 2-0.40 by a conventional method, and then the spun yarn is scoured as a knitted fabric that is particularly prone to building up, and further treated with an alkali chemical, and then pilled. Tested.

That is, an interlock with a weight of 200 g/male was prepared, and refined (2 g/Igen HC/, Na-COs
After treatment in a 0.5g/R aqueous solution at 70°C for 20 minutes, washing with water at 50°C for 10 minutes), and further Alfusiri chemical treatment (alkaline outer container and separate amine treatment), (Diaex Blue AC-E 1 %owr, Disper T
L1g/l, acetic acid 1O% aq 2g1Q bath ratio: 1
: Dyeing at 100, 130°C for 30 minutes), followed by reduction washing (Na0112 g/Q Hydro 2rr/
After treatment (80°C x 20 minutes), the knitted fabric was washed with water and dried, and the anti-build property was evaluated using an ICI pilling tester (315). Table 1 shows the results of the fiber properties and anti-build ↑'l jf value. Here, as a comparative example, 100% cotton
Using the same first yarn and the same twist coefficient as in the above example, an interlock knitted fabric with the same basis weight was made and scouring (ll-Ot
4 mQ 11 , Na01lI g/If 1 Artolino A P2O1g/l , Hyper N0.35
After boiling in a g/β aqueous solution for 30 minutes and washing with water at 50°C for 10 minutes, dyeing was carried out using a conventional method to improve the anti-build property and fiber 1'l capacity in the fabric in the same manner as in the above example.
I valued it. The results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative example l.

An undrawn yarn was obtained under the same spinning conditions as in Example 1, except that the output amount was changed to 27 g/min and the take-up speed was changed to 3000 m 2 /min.

Example except that the first stage draw ratio of this undrawn yarn was changed to 2.24 times (85% of the breaking stretch ratio) and the second stage draw ratio was changed to 1.08 times (95% of the break stretch ratio) It was stretched under the same stretching conditions as No. 1. Table 1 shows the properties of the obtained polyester mix.

The obtained polyester fibers were made stable under the same conditions as in Example 1, and spun yarn was made into a subsequent knitted fabric. Table 1 shows the anti-build properties of the obtained knitted fabric and the fiber content in the fabric.

Comparative Example 2 Hard (1'
224g from a nozzle with 24 mm orifices
After cooling the yarn discharged at a spinning rate of 11/min, the spinning speed was increased to 15
00 m/min, stretching ratio a6 (1st stage z8. 2nd stage 1.
A staple obtained under the same conditions as in Example 1 was prepared, except that the staple was prepared under the same conditions as in Example 1, and after knitting, it was scoured, treated with chemicals, and dyed to finish as a spun yarn with a twist coefficient of 32. As seen in this example, conventionally known low-viscosity products have significant thread breakage during spinning and drawing, are hot during spinning, knitting, and processing, resulting in poor workability, and the quality of the finished fabric is extremely poor. there were.

Anti-build properties of the obtained knitted fabric and fiber t′1 in the fabric
The performance is shown in Table 1.

Table 1 (Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the above examples, the present invention has achieved the ideal anti-build polyester fabric fiber, which has been extremely difficult to achieve in the past, i.e., fabric. It is ideal for reducing problems such as thread breakage, curling, and formation of eyebrows during the production process, and has better anti-build properties than natural fiber cotton after processing one skein. It has now become possible to easily provide polyester fibers for fabrics with anti-build properties.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A polyester fiber in which 85 mol% or more of the repeating units are composed of ethylene deterephthalate, which can be easily made into an anti-build fiber by treating the fiber surface with a solvent or a decomposing agent for the polyester fiber. , specific gravity is 1.
A polyester fiber for anti-build fabric, characterized by having an apparent crystal size of 390 or more, an apparent crystal size of 100 planes of 45 Å or more, and a strength of 4 g/denier or more. 2. The polyester fiber for anti-build fabric according to claim 1, which has an apparent crystal size of 50 Å or more in 100 planes and a specific gravity of 1.395 or more. 3. Claim 1, wherein the anti-build fiber has a strength of 4 g/d or less, a strength retention rate of 60% or less after alkali treatment as defined in the text, and an initial tensile resistance of 40 g/d or more; or 2. The polyester fiber for anti-build fabric according to item 2.