JPS6275020A - Combustion device for diesel engine - Google Patents
Combustion device for diesel engineInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6275020A JPS6275020A JP21368685A JP21368685A JPS6275020A JP S6275020 A JPS6275020 A JP S6275020A JP 21368685 A JP21368685 A JP 21368685A JP 21368685 A JP21368685 A JP 21368685A JP S6275020 A JPS6275020 A JP S6275020A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- combustion chamber
- spray
- piston
- combustion
- fuel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明はディーゼル機関の燃焼装置に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a combustion device for a diesel engine.
第5図は従来の単噴ロサイドインジェクション式ディー
ゼル機関を示す断面図である。図において、01はシリ
ンダヘッド、02はシリンダライナ、03はピストン、
04は燃焼室、05は燃料弁、06は燃料噴霧、07は
ピストンとシリンダヘッド間の隙間部、 Swは空気ス
ワールである。第6図は燃料噴霧の運動を示す説明図で
ある。FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a conventional single side injection type diesel engine. In the figure, 01 is the cylinder head, 02 is the cylinder liner, 03 is the piston,
04 is the combustion chamber, 05 is the fuel valve, 06 is the fuel spray, 07 is the gap between the piston and the cylinder head, and Sw is the air swirl. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the movement of fuel spray.
上記構成において、ピストン03が上昇し上死点近傍に
近づくと燃料弁05から燃料が噴射され。In the above configuration, when the piston 03 rises and approaches the top dead center, fuel is injected from the fuel valve 05.
燃料噴霧06が形成される。このとき、燃料噴霧が一本
であることを考慮して、燃料と空気の混合を促進するた
めに給気行程中に強い空気スワールSwを発生させるよ
うにしている。また、燃焼室はできるだけ燃料噴霧を広
げて空気との接触面積を大きくシ、混合気を良くするた
めに球面としている。通常、このような効果即ち強いス
ワールの利用と燃焼室壁面上への燃料の広い分散をねら
い。A fuel spray 06 is formed. At this time, considering that there is only one fuel spray, a strong air swirl Sw is generated during the air intake stroke to promote mixing of fuel and air. In addition, the combustion chamber has a spherical surface to spread the fuel spray as much as possible to increase the contact area with the air and improve the air-fuel mixture. Normally, the aim is to utilize this effect, that is, to utilize strong swirl and to widely disperse the fuel on the combustion chamber wall.
噴射方向を設定しておシ、良好な燃焼が得られるようは
かつている。また、このような装置では噴霧1本による
ゆるやかな燃焼が行われるため、騒音の低い燃焼が得ら
れる。Setting the direction of injection has been used to obtain good combustion. In addition, in such a device, slow combustion is performed using a single spray, so combustion with low noise can be obtained.
上記のものには次の欠点がある。 The above has the following drawbacks.
噴射された燃料は燃焼室壁面に衝突し広がシ。The injected fuel collides with the combustion chamber wall and spreads.
空気スワールに流されながら発達する。この時強い空気
スワールにより噴霧を燃焼室内で水平に旋回させ、燃焼
室内空気を十分に利用するように意図しているが、実際
の装置では定められた期間内に燃料を供給する必要があ
り、燃料弁の噴口面積を小さくとることができず、従っ
て空気スワールに対して相対的に噴霧の貫徹力が強すぎ
る状態になっている。また噴射方向にも燃料弁の設定に
構造的が制限があるため、完全に水平方向とすることが
困難であり噴霧は垂直方向(下向き)の成分を持つ。It develops while being carried away by air swirls. At this time, the strong air swirl is used to cause the spray to swirl horizontally within the combustion chamber, and the intention is to make full use of the air within the combustion chamber, but in actual equipment it is necessary to supply fuel within a specified period. The nozzle area of the fuel valve cannot be made small, so the penetration force of the spray is too strong relative to the air swirl. In addition, since there are structural restrictions on the fuel valve settings in the injection direction, it is difficult to achieve a completely horizontal injection direction, and the spray has a vertical (downward) component.
これらのことから、燃料噴霧は壁面に衝突後空気スワー
ルによシ水平方向に十分旋回させられることはなく運動
方向を維持しく壁面によシコントロールされるだけで)
2分散も十分でなく−かたまシとなって流れ、第6図に
示すように、−気に燃焼室外へ流出する。燃焼室外へ流
出した噴霧は第5図におけるシリンダヘッド01とピス
トン03の間の隙間07に入シ込み空気導入が阻害され
。For these reasons, after the fuel spray collides with the wall, it is not sufficiently rotated in the horizontal direction by the air swirl, but is only controlled by the wall to maintain its direction of motion.)
2. Dispersion is also not sufficient, and the gas flows in clumps, and as shown in FIG. 6, the gas flows out of the combustion chamber. The spray that has flowed out of the combustion chamber enters the gap 07 between the cylinder head 01 and the piston 03 in FIG. 5, and air introduction is obstructed.
また火炎のクエンチングが起こる。Also, quenching of the flame occurs.
このように従来の装置では燃焼室内に貯えた空気を十分
に利用することができず、空気利用率が低下し燃焼効率
の悪化、排煙濃度の増加につながっている。As described above, conventional devices cannot sufficiently utilize the air stored in the combustion chamber, resulting in a decrease in air utilization rate, deterioration in combustion efficiency, and increase in exhaust gas concentration.
本発明の目的は上記の点に着目し、燃焼室内への燃料の
分散を高め、かつ燃料噴霧の運動を制御することによシ
空気利用率を高め、燃焼効率が高く排煙濃度の低い燃焼
を行うことのできる燃焼装置を提供することであシ、そ
の特徴とするところは、ピストンに略球形の燃焼室を有
すると共にシリンダヘッドに上記燃焼室の外周付近に位
置して1本の噴霧を形成する1本の噴口を設けた1本の
燃料弁を有する直接噴射式ディーゼル機関において、上
記略球形の燃焼室の上部内面からピストンの中心方向へ
向かって突出する環状の突起を設けたことでめる。The purpose of the present invention is to improve the dispersion of fuel within the combustion chamber and control the movement of fuel spray, thereby increasing the air utilization rate and achieving combustion with high combustion efficiency and low exhaust gas concentration. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a combustion device capable of carrying out the above-mentioned combustion, and its features are that the piston has a substantially spherical combustion chamber, and the cylinder head has a single spray located near the outer periphery of the combustion chamber. In a direct injection diesel engine having one fuel valve with one nozzle opening, an annular protrusion protruding from the upper inner surface of the approximately spherical combustion chamber toward the center of the piston is provided. Melt.
この場合は、突起による噴霧の運動方向コントロール作
用により燃焼室の中央部方向へ噴霧を発達させることが
でき、噴霧が一気に燃焼室外へ流出するのを防止する。In this case, the movement direction control effect of the spray by the protrusion allows the spray to develop toward the center of the combustion chamber, thereby preventing the spray from flowing out of the combustion chamber all at once.
以下図面を参照して本発明による実施例につき説明する
。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第1図は本発明による1実施例の燃焼室を示す平面図、
第2図は第1図の■−■矢視断面図、第3図は突起に衝
突した場合の噴霧の発達を示す説明図、第4図は燃焼室
内での噴霧の運動を示す説明図である。FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a combustion chamber of one embodiment according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the ■-■ arrow in Figure 1, Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the development of spray when it collides with a protrusion, and Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the movement of spray within the combustion chamber. be.
第1図、第2図の4はほぼ球形の燃焼室を示す。4 in FIGS. 1 and 2 indicates a substantially spherical combustion chamber.
第2図、第3図の9は燃焼室4の上部に軸心に直角にひ
さし状に突出した突起を示す。第3図の6は噴霧を示し
、実線の矢印はその運動方向を示す。Reference numeral 9 in FIGS. 2 and 3 indicates a projection shaped like an eave at the upper part of the combustion chamber 4 at right angles to the axis. 6 in FIG. 3 indicates the spray, and the solid arrow indicates the direction of its movement.
第4図の3はピストン、4は燃焼室、5は燃料弁。In Fig. 4, 3 is a piston, 4 is a combustion chamber, and 5 is a fuel valve.
6は燃料噴霧、9は本発明による突起を示す。Reference numeral 6 indicates a fuel spray, and reference numeral 9 indicates a protrusion according to the present invention.
上記構成の場合の作用について述べる。The operation in the case of the above configuration will be described.
本発明による突起9により第3図に示すような噴霧の運
動方向コントロール作用により燃焼室の中央部空間方向
へ噴霧を発達させることができ。The protrusion 9 according to the present invention allows the spray to develop toward the central space of the combustion chamber by controlling the movement direction of the spray as shown in FIG.
燃焼室外に噴霧が一気に流出することを防ぐことができ
る。It is possible to prevent the spray from flowing out of the combustion chamber all at once.
従来の装置では、噴霧の貫徹力が空気スワールの強度に
比較して強くかつ噴射方向は垂直方向下向きの成分を持
つため、噴霧は−かたまりの状態で噴射の方向に進行し
、−気に燃焼室外へ流出し燃焼室内にたくわえた空気を
十分に利用することができず、燃焼効率の悪化、排煙濃
度の増加を招くことがある。これを改善するにはできる
だけ長く燃焼室内に噴霧をとどめることが必要となる。In conventional devices, the penetration force of the spray is strong compared to the strength of the air swirl, and the injection direction has a vertically downward component, so the spray travels in the direction of injection in a lump, and - air is combusted. The air flowing outside and stored in the combustion chamber cannot be fully utilized, which may lead to deterioration in combustion efficiency and increase in exhaust gas concentration. To improve this, it is necessary to keep the spray inside the combustion chamber for as long as possible.
本発明のように、燃焼室上半分の内面に突起を設けるこ
とによシ、壁面上を空気をとりこみながら発達してきた
噴霧は上記突起に衝突する。噴霧が突起に衝突した場合
、第3図に示すように噴霧は空間中へ巻き上げられ実線
の矢印で示すような方向に運動し、破線の矢印方向のよ
うなそれまで発達してきた方向には発達しない。By providing a protrusion on the inner surface of the upper half of the combustion chamber as in the present invention, the spray that has developed while drawing in air on the wall surface collides with the protrusion. When the spray collides with the protrusion, as shown in Figure 3, the spray is rolled up into space and moves in the direction shown by the solid arrow, and the spray continues to develop in the direction in which it had developed up to that point, as shown in the direction of the dashed arrow. do not.
この特性を利用し噴霧の運動方向を変えようとするのが
本発明であり、第4図に示すように噴霧は突起への衝突
により燃焼室中央の空間方向へ運動を変え1強い空気ス
ワールにより十分混合されながら燃焼室内を旋回する運
動を行う。The present invention attempts to change the direction of spray movement by utilizing this characteristic, and as shown in Figure 4, the spray changes its movement toward the spatial direction of the center of the combustion chamber by colliding with the protrusion, and is caused by a strong air swirl. Perform a swirling motion within the combustion chamber while thoroughly mixing.
これにより噴霧が一気に燃焼室外に流出することを防ぎ
、燃焼室内にとどまる時間を長く伸ばすことができ空気
利用率が向上する。また噴霧の燃焼室外への流出時期を
遅らせることができ、ピストンとシリンダヘッド間の隙
間が十分空間として広くなってから噴霧を流出させるこ
とができるため、火炎のクエンチングも防止することが
できる。This prevents the spray from flowing out of the combustion chamber all at once and extends the time it stays in the combustion chamber, improving air utilization. Furthermore, the time at which the spray flows out of the combustion chamber can be delayed, and the spray can flow out after the gap between the piston and the cylinder head has become sufficiently wide, so that quenching of the flame can also be prevented.
以上のように本発明により燃焼効率が高く、排煙濃度の
低い、かつ騒音の低い燃焼を得ることができる。As described above, according to the present invention, combustion with high combustion efficiency, low exhaust gas concentration, and low noise can be obtained.
第1図は本発明による1実施例の燃焼室を示す平面図、
第2図は第1図の■−■矢視断面図、第3図は突起に衝
突した場合の噴霧の発達を示す説明図、第4図は燃焼室
内での噴霧の運動を示す説明図、第5図は従来の単噴ロ
サイドインジェクション式ディーゼル機関を示す断面図
、第6図は燃料噴霧の運動を示す説明図である。
3・・・ピストン、4・・・略球形の燃焼室、5・・・
燃料弁、6・・・燃料噴霧、9・・・突起。
第 3 図
3111.ピストン
4・・・・燃焼室
5・・・・燃料弁
9・・・・突起 第 4 同第 5 図FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a combustion chamber of one embodiment according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the arrow ■-■ in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the development of the spray when it collides with a protrusion, Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the movement of the spray in the combustion chamber, FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a conventional single side injection type diesel engine, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the movement of fuel spray. 3...Piston, 4...Substantially spherical combustion chamber, 5...
Fuel valve, 6...Fuel spray, 9...Protrusion. Figure 3 3111. Piston 4...Combustion chamber 5...Fuel valve 9...Protrusion No. 4 Figure 5
Claims (1)
ヘッドに上記燃焼室の外周付近に位置して1本の噴霧を
形成する1本の噴口を設けた1本の燃料弁を有する直接
噴射式ディーゼル機関において、上記略球形の燃焼室の
上部内面からピストンの中心方向へ向かって突出する環
状の突起を設けたことを特徴とするディーゼル機関の燃
焼装置。1. Direct-injection diesel having a piston having a substantially spherical combustion chamber and a cylinder head having one fuel valve with one nozzle located near the outer periphery of the combustion chamber to form one spray. A combustion device for a diesel engine, characterized in that the engine is provided with an annular projection projecting from the upper inner surface of the substantially spherical combustion chamber toward the center of the piston.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP21368685A JPS6275020A (en) | 1985-09-28 | 1985-09-28 | Combustion device for diesel engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP21368685A JPS6275020A (en) | 1985-09-28 | 1985-09-28 | Combustion device for diesel engine |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS6275020A true JPS6275020A (en) | 1987-04-06 |
Family
ID=16643301
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP21368685A Pending JPS6275020A (en) | 1985-09-28 | 1985-09-28 | Combustion device for diesel engine |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS6275020A (en) |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS58131307A (en) * | 1981-11-27 | 1983-08-05 | エム・ア−・エヌ・マシ−ネンフアブリ−ク・アウグスブルク−ニユルンベルク・アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | Air compressing direct jet type internal combustion engine |
-
1985
- 1985-09-28 JP JP21368685A patent/JPS6275020A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS58131307A (en) * | 1981-11-27 | 1983-08-05 | エム・ア−・エヌ・マシ−ネンフアブリ−ク・アウグスブルク−ニユルンベルク・アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | Air compressing direct jet type internal combustion engine |
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