JPS6272855A - Exterior construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 3. Title of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an exterior construction method useful for constructing a terraced exterior on the base of a building or structure.

[Conventional technology]

In the past, the exterior of a stepped roof structure, for example, the roof, had a structure as shown in FIG. That is, a roofing board B is laid on rafters A, and this is fixed with nails C. Roofing D, for example, asphalt felt, is successively covered on top of that to form a base E. For example, the structure was such that roofing materials F having steps of height h as shown in FIG. 2(b) were successively fixed via hangers G.

As a result, a wedge-shaped gap H is formed between the roofing D and the roofing material F, and this gap H is susceptible to deformation of the roofing material F and separation of the connecting parts due to snow accumulation and pressure from work on the roof. There were so many. Moreover, this deformation has the disadvantage of impairing the roof's main function of waterproofing. Furthermore, deformation of the roofing material F causes cracks in the coating film and exposes the surface of the roofing material, which has the disadvantage that the weather resistance and corrosion resistance of the roofing material are significantly reduced. In other words, since the roofing material F is exposed to severe temperatures ranging from high temperatures (60 to 80°C in midsummer) to 20°C in the bitter cold, it has the disadvantage that even the slightest damage causes rapid deterioration. In addition, the roofing material F is in contact with both the inside and outside air on the back and the front surface, respectively, and condensation occurs there, which has the disadvantage of corroding the base.

[Purpose of the invention]

In order to eliminate these drawbacks, the present invention lays a waterproof sheet on the building base, then lays wedge-shaped insulation materials in series to form a heat insulation layer, and then places exterior materials in series on top of it. ,
The exterior is formed by repeatedly forming the roofed exterior, which simplifies construction, improves efficiency, and allows construction to be performed without requiring skill, and has excellent heat insulation, soundproofing, and anticorrosion properties. This paper proposes an exterior construction method that can provide an exterior that is waterproof, mechanically strong, and has a three-dimensional appearance.

[Structure of the invention]

An embodiment of the exterior construction method according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. In other words, Figure 3 shows a roof constructed using the above construction method, and in the figure, 1
2 is a rafter, and 2 is a base (field board in the figure), which is laid on top of rafter 1 from the eaves to the ridge. 3 is a waterproof sheet made of, for example, asphalt felt, pillow felt, a synthetic resin sheet, a laminated sheet of aluminum foil and paper, a Teflon sheet, etc., and is applied over the entire surface of the base 2 from the eave to the ridge, above and below it. It is laid by overlapping the ends in the direction. ↓ is a heat insulating layer, which is made by laying multiple heat insulating materials 5 in series as shown in Figure 4, and mainly functions as a heat insulating material, back-up material, waterproof material, soundproofing material, cushioning material, and step forming material. It is something to do. To explain in more detail, the heat insulating layer ↓ includes a plurality of heat insulating materials 5 having a rectangular outer shape and a so-called wedge shape in which the longitudinal cross section is formed in a slope between a thin part and a thick part, and side faces 5a formed on the short sides thereof. They are laid in series on the waterproof sheet 3 in contact with each other. Also,
Materials for the insulation material 5 include polyurethane foam, polyisocyanurate foam, phenol foam, rock wool, sheathing board, polystyrene foam,
Polyethylene foam or its modified foam, or foam in which one or more of pearlite grains, vermiculite, shirasu balloons, mineral fibers, vegetable fibers, and metal fibers (AR, Pb, Pe) are mixed in the structure of these foams, sheathing boards etc. Furthermore, the size of the heat insulating material 5 is L + = 150 ~
90011m, w, =300~1800
mm, H, -3~30l, H2=5~200
mm, and the slope 01 is determined depending on the relative relationship between the base and the appearance, and is, for example, θ, from -2 to 35 degrees. Note that during construction, the thin wall end surface 5b is directed upward, and the thick wall end surface 5c is directed downward. The construction consists of placing the exterior material 7 as shown in Figure 5 on the heat insulating layer ↓ and connecting the left and right ends to each other.
Mainly formed as external walls and roofs. More specifically, the exterior material 7 is mainly made of a surface-treated steel plate, a stainless steel plate, a copper plate, an aluminum plate, etc., formed into a desired shape. A specific example of the exterior material 7 will be described with reference to FIG. 5. The exterior material 7 has a rectangular outer shape, the size of which corresponds to the heat insulating material 5, and the decorative surface 8 and the overlapping part. 9, a rising portion 11 formed on the upper edge thereof, an engaging portion 12, a guide/reinforcing piece 13, and a fixing piece 1.
4 and an engaging portion 15 formed on the lower edge. That is, the overlapping portion 9 has two or more uneven stripes 9a formed on the left and right ends, which are the short sides of the decorative surface 8, and the exterior material 7
It is useful for connecting with waterproof properties.

Further, the rising portion 11 is a portion that protrudes by bending the upper edge of the main body 10 outward, and the locking portion 12 is a portion that protrudes from the upper edge of the main body 10.
A lower edge 12 formed by bending the upper edge of 1 outward and extending it downward.
a, and an upper surface 12b that bends the tip of the lower edge 12a inward and extends upward along the back surface of the lower edge 12a, and has a function of locking the engaging portion 15. Further, the guide/reinforcing piece 13 is formed by bending the end of the upper surface 12b inward, extending downwardly along the back surface of the rising portion 11, and projecting downward by ΔH below the decorative surface 8. It mainly functions as a guide during construction of the heat insulating material 5 and as a reinforcing piece against external forces. In particular, the dimension ΔH is approximately the same as the dimension H1 of the thin wall end surface 5b of the heat insulating material 5, and H3 is approximately the same as the dimension H2 of the thick wall end surface 5c of the heat insulating material 5. The fixing piece 14 is formed by bending the lower edge of the guide/reinforcing piece 13 outward and extending it upward, and is mainly useful for fixing the exterior material 7 to the rafters 1 and the base 2 and stably supporting it. Further, the engaging portion 15 is formed by bending the lower edge of the main body 10 inward in a flap shape and engaging with the locking portion 12 . Note that the height H4 is approximately the same as the thickness ΔL of the locking portion 12, the height Hs is the dimension of the rising portion 11, W2 is the width of approximately 200 to 3636n+, and I2 is 150 to 900+.
n, there is a relationship of W2>I2.

Next, the construction method will be explained using FIGS. 3 and 6 (al, (bl).

Therefore, a base (field board) 2 was laid on the rafters 1, and then a waterproof sheet 3 was laid over the entire surface of the base and fixed with a stable. Assume that the formed heat insulation layer ↓-n0 is installed and that the outside H6no is roofed. Therefore, the first
Layer and lay the insulation layer ↓-n1 on the waterproof sheet 3 on which the fixed piece of outer sheath 6 no exists. That is, a plurality of heat insulating materials 5 as shown in FIG.
6 (as shown in al) ↓-n, -1, ↓-n I2, ↓-n, -3-...
・Lay in the order of ↓-n and -n (not shown) to form the first heat insulation layer ↓-n. At this time, the end face of the thin part 5
b is in the ridge direction, and the end face 5C of the thick part is laid in contact with the guide/reinforcing piece 13 of the exterior material 7 of the exterior knee no. Next, put the first layer outside 'A6n+ on top of this insulation layer knee n.
The roof is constructed as shown in the figure (bl).

That is, a plurality of exterior materials 7 as shown in FIG. 5 are stacked in series with their overlapping portions 9, and the engaging portion 15 engages with the locking portion 12 of the exterior exterior 5-no. , the back surface of the main body 10 is brought into contact with the surface of the heat insulating material 5, and the guide/reinforcing piece 13
The ΔH portion is brought into contact with the thin-walled end surface 5b of the heat insulating material 5, and the fixing plate 14 is fixed to the base 2 and the rafter 1 via nails 18. Next, add the second layer of insulation layer ↓-n2 to the sixth layer.
Lay it as shown in Figure [b]. That is, ↓-n2-1, ↓-nz-'l, knee n2-3, consisting of the heat insulating material 5.
... Thick part end face 5C of ↓-n2-n (not shown)
are placed in contact with the guide/reinforcing pieces 13 of each of the exterior materials 7 of the first stage exterior knee 1, and the respective side surfaces 5a are laid in contact with each other in the same manner as described above. In addition, the second stage exterior 6 n
To roof z, cover the exterior material 7 in the same manner as the first stage, and
It is placed on the heat insulating layer ↓-n2 of the tier, and is installed and roofed. Therefore, a roof can be constructed by repeating the above steps from the eaves to the ridge. The longitudinal section of the roof thus constructed is as shown in FIG. 3, and the cross section taken along the line X--X is as shown in FIG. 7.

[Other Examples]

What has been described above is only one embodiment of the exterior construction method according to the present invention, and the construction can also be carried out sequentially from the foundation to the girders on the rim and studs of the exterior wall. In addition, the heat insulating material 5 is shown in FIG.
), (bl). In other words, the fa1 figure shows a sheet material 19 integrally attached to one side (not shown) or both sides of the heat insulating material 5, and f
In Figure b1, one or two sides of the sheet material 19 are covered with heat insulating material 5.
The heat insulating material 5 is provided with a tongue piece 19a protruding from the outer peripheral edge of the heat insulating material 5. In addition, as the sheet-like material 19, aluminum foil,
It is a laminate of one or more of kraft paper, asbestos paper, glass fiber nonwoven fabric, asphalt felt, synthetic resin sheet, lead foil, Teflon sheet, etc. Furthermore, the overlapping part 9 of the exterior material 7 and the heat insulating material 5 are connected as shown in FIG. 9, and the overlapping part 9 of the exterior material 70 (
A suitable spacer 20 can also be interposed. Also,
The exterior material 7 can also be formed as shown in FIGS.
Exterior material 7 with 2b formed in a wavy shape, TCT diagram shows upper surface 12b
Figure Cd1 shows the exterior material 7 with a protrusion 12b'' at the end of the protruding part in Figure FE1.
Fig. 1 shows an outer bag material 71 in which uneven stripes are formed not only on the main body 10 but also on the rising portion 11 and the locking portion 12.
Figure g1 shows the exterior material 7 formed in two stages. Note that the engaging portion 15 can also be formed to have a V-shaped cross section as shown in FIG. 10(f). Of course, although not shown, uneven lines can be formed on the entire surface of the decorative surface 8.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the exterior construction method of the present invention, it is only necessary to lay a waterproof sheet over the entire surface of the base of a building or structure, and then layer and attach the insulation layer and the exterior in that order.
It does not require any skill for construction and has the characteristic of being highly efficient. Additionally, since a heat insulating layer is reliably formed between the exterior and the base, the exterior has excellent heat insulation properties. Furthermore, the insulation layer also functions as a back-up material, waterproofing material, vibration-proofing material, cushioning material, and sound-absorbing material, so it protects the base and rafters from corrosion and also prevents the exterior material from deforming due to external pressure (snow), etc. be. In addition, since one exterior material serves as a hanger, exterior material, and guide, it is inexpensive and easy to construct. In addition, since the exterior is terraced,
It has the characteristic of creating a three-dimensional effect.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a conventional terraced roof, Figure 2 (a),
(bl is an explanatory diagram showing a longitudinal section of a generally used exterior material, such as a roofing material, FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a part of a roof constructed by the exterior construction method according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 5 is a perspective view showing an example of a heat insulating material, which is one of the structural members used in the exterior construction method according to the present invention; FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of the external covering material, which is another structural member; (al, (b
l is an explanatory diagram showing the process of the above construction method, and Fig. 7 is a diagram similar to Fig. 6 (b
8(a), (
bl, FIG. 9, and FIG. 10 are explanatory diagrams showing other embodiments. 1... Rafters, 2... Base, 3... Waterproof sheet, ↓
...'IkJr thermal layer, 5...insulation material, engineering...exterior, 7...exterior material. Patent Applicant Ryo Easy Technology Laboratory Co., Ltd. Figure 1 Figure Door Figure 2 (F) Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure S Figure 6 Figure 9 Figure 9 (α2 (b) Figure 9 Figure 10 (a) Figure 10 (e) 1'L'D Figure 10 (f) r3) February 3, 1985 1. Indication of the case 1985 Patent Application No. 213320 3. Person making the amendment Relationship to the case Patent applicant address 〒999-37' 0237
(42) 03774, Date of correction order January 8, 1985 56 Subjects and bows to be corrected - -”, S・?

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A waterproof sheet is laid on the base of a building or structure, and then multiple insulation materials with a rectangular outer shape and a wedge-shaped longitudinal section are laid in series with their sides touching. A heat insulating layer is provided on the heat insulating layer, and then a main body having a rectangular decorative surface, an overlapping part in which the left and right ends of the decorative surface are formed into uneven stripes, and a step provided at the upper end of the main body. A rising part for formation, an upper edge of the rising part protrudes downward, a locking part extending upward again, and an end of the locking part extending downward along the rising part, and the insulation is lower than the decorative surface. A guide/reinforcing piece with a length that protrudes by the length of the end face of the thin part of the material and a fixing piece that protrudes upward from the lower edge of the reinforcing piece are provided, and the lower edge of the main body is inwardly shaped like a seam at the lower end. A plurality of sheathing materials each having an engaging portion bent in a direction are overlapped with each other, and a guide/reinforcing piece is attached to the end surface of the thin wall portion, which is the upper end surface of each insulating material of the first heat insulating layer. The parts protruding downward from the rising part are in contact with each other, and the fixed pieces are fixed to the base and laid in series to form the first stage exterior, and then each of the first stage exterior materials The end face of the thick part of the heat insulating material forming the second stage heat insulating layer is brought into contact with the guide/reinforcing piece, and the side faces of each heat insulating material are placed on the fixed piece and in contact with each other to form the second stage. It is characterized by the process of forming a second layer of insulation, then roofing the second layer of exterior material on top of the second layer of insulation in the same way as the first layer, and repeating this step until the required layer is reached. Exterior construction method.