JPS6278340A - Exterior construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a construction method useful for constructing a stepped exterior covering on the base of buildings and structures.

[Conventional technology]

In the past, the exterior of a stepped roof structure, for example, the roof, had a structure as shown in FIG. That is, the roofing board B is laid on the rafters A, this is fixed with nails C, and the roofing D2, for example, asphalt felt, is successively laid on top of it to form the base E, and on top of that, for example, Second
The structure was such that roofing materials F having a step height h as shown in Figures (al and (b)) were successively fixed via hangers G.As a result, there was a gap between the roofing D and the roofing material F. void H
is formed, and the roofing material F is often deformed or the connecting parts come apart due to the pressure caused by snow accumulation and work on the roof in this gap H. Moreover, this deformation has the disadvantage of impairing the roof's main function of waterproofing. Furthermore, deformation of the roofing material F causes cracks in the coating film and exposes the surface of the roofing material, which has the disadvantage that the weather resistance and corrosion resistance of the roofing material are significantly reduced. In other words, since the roofing material F is exposed to severe temperatures ranging from high temperatures (60 to 80° C. in midsummer) to 20° C. in the bitter cold, it has the disadvantage that even slight damage rapidly accelerates deterioration. In addition, the roofing material F is in contact with both the inside and outside air on the back and the front surface, respectively, and condensation occurs there, which has the disadvantage of corroding the base.

[Purpose of the invention]

In order to eliminate such drawbacks, the present invention provides a waterproof sheet for the building base, and also forms a heat insulating layer by laying the insulating material horizontally in series with the sides of the insulating material having a draft-like longitudinal section in contact with each other. The exterior is formed by placing exterior materials in series on top of that and repeating the roofing, which facilitates construction, improves efficiency, and allows construction without the need for skill.
The present invention proposes an exterior construction method that can provide an exterior with excellent heat insulation, soundproofing, corrosion resistance, waterproofness, and mechanical strength, as well as a three-dimensional appearance.

[Structure of the invention]

An embodiment of the exterior construction method according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. That is, FIG. 3 shows an example of a roof constructed by the above construction method. In the figure, ■ is a rafter, and 2 is a base (sheath board in the figure), which is laid over the rafter l from the eaves to the ridge. The main material is a heat insulating layer, which is formed by laying a plurality of heat insulating materials 4 as shown in Fig. 4 in the width direction (horizontal direction) with their side surfaces 4a in contact with each other. It functions as a heat insulating material, a back-up material, a soundproofing material, a step forming material, and a spacer for the base 2 and the exterior material to be described later. More specifically, the heat insulating layer 5 includes a core material 6 having a rectangular outer shape and a curved longitudinal section, and a waterproof sheet 5 formed in a size that protrudes from two adjacent sides of the core material 6. Paste it on the back side of the core material 6,
, 1. A plurality of heat insulating materials 4 having overlapping tongues 5a and 5b protruding from each other are laid in series in the direction of the eaves (horizontal direction) on the base 2 with the side surfaces 4a formed on their short sides touching each other. It is. In particular, the insulation material 4 has one of its long sides as a thin section,
The other long side is the thick part, and each thin part end face 4b and thick part end face 4c are formed in a cross section connected by a straight line, and the thin part end face 4
b is laid in the direction of the ridge with the end face 4c of the thick part facing the direction of the eaves, and its size is = 150 to 9001,
W I =300~1800mm,,H
+ = 3 to 100 ■■, H1 = 5 to 200
Fin, θ, = about 5 to 30 degrees, A,, 12 = about 5 to 50 cranes. The core material 6 may be made of polyurethane foam, polyisocyanurate foam, phenol foam, rock wool, sheathing board, polystyrene foam, polyethylene foam, modified foam thereof, or pearlite grains, vermiculite, or shirasu in the structure of these foams. It is formed from a balloon, a foam mixed with one or more mineral fibers, or the like. Furthermore, the waterproof sheet 5 may be made of aluminum foil, water-repellent kraft paper, asbestos paper, glass fiber non-woven fabric,
It is a laminate of one or more of asphalt felt, synthetic resin sheet, lead foil, Teflon sheet, etc. Reference numeral 1 denotes an exterior, in which an exterior material 8 as shown in FIG. 5 is placed on top of a heat insulating layer, and the left and right ends are interconnected, and is mainly used as an exterior wall material and a roof material.

More specifically, the exterior material 8 is mainly made of a surface-treated steel plate, a stainless steel plate, a copper plate, an aluminum plate, etc., formed into a desired shape.

A specific example of the exterior material will be described with reference to FIG. 5. The exterior material 8 has a rectangular outer shape, the size of which corresponds to the heat insulating material 4, and the decorative surface 9 and the irregularities for polymerization. Consisting of a main body 11 having a section 10, a rising section 12 formed on its upper edge, a locking section 13, a guide/reinforcing piece 4, a fixing piece 15, and an engaging section 16 formed on its lower edge. This is what I did. That is, the uneven portion 10 for polymerization is the decorative surface 9
Two or more uneven strips 10a are formed on the left and right ends, which are the short sides, to help connect the exterior material 8 with waterproof properties. Further, the rising portion 12 is a portion that protrudes by bending the upper edge of the main body 11 outward, and the locking portion 13 is a lower edge 1 that is formed by bending the upper edge of the rising portion 12 outward and extending downward.
3a and the tips of the lower edge 13a are bent inward and the lower edge 1
The upper surface 13b extends upward along the back surface of the upper surface 3a, and has the function of locking the engaging portion 16. Further, the guide/reinforcing piece 14 is formed by bending the end of the upper surface 13b inward, extending downwardly along the back surface of the rising portion 12, and projecting downward by ΔH from the decorative surface 9, It mainly functions as a guide during construction of the insulation material 4 and as a reinforcing material against external forces.

In particular, the dimension ΔH is the dimension H of the thin-walled end surface 4b of the heat insulating material 4.
1, and H3 is the thick wall end surface 4c of the heat insulating material 4.
It is formed to be approximately the same as the dimension H2 of. In addition, H4
is the height of the rising portion 12. Furthermore, the fixing piece I5 is formed by bending the lower end edge of the guide/reinforcing piece 14 outward and extending it upward, and is mainly used to fix the exterior material 8 to the rafters 1 and the base 2 and to stably support it. . Further, the engaging portion 16 is formed by bending the lower edge of the main body 11 inward into a flap shape and engaging with the locking portion 13 . Note that the height H6 is approximately the same as the thickness Δt of the locking portion 13, and the width W2 is approximately 2
00-3636 m intestine, H2 is 150-900 dragon W, >
There is a relationship between L.

Next, a construction example will be explained using FIG. 3 and FIG. 6 (al, (b)).

Now, the base 2 has been laid on the rafters 1, and the nose cap 17, the Hiroko Mai 18, the Karakura 19, and the insulation N5-n formed using insulation material for adjustment have already been installed. , furthermore, on top of this insulation layer a no, the exterior of the bastard 7-no
Assume that the roof is covered.

Therefore, the first stage insulation store owner-01 was installed with the above exterior knee no.
Formed on the next stage. In other words, a plurality of heat insulating materials 4 as shown in FIG.
-2,3-nl-3,...3-nl -n (
(not shown), and the side surface of the heat insulating layer 4 to be laid next, without the polymer tongue piece 5b, is placed on the polymer tongue piece 5b to form the first heat insulation layer 3-n.

form. At this time, the thin wall end surface 4b is laid in the direction of the ridge, and the thick wall end surface 4c is laid in contact with the guide/reinforcing piece 14 of the exterior 7-no. Next, a first-stage exterior unit n1 is formed on the heat insulating layer 3-n as shown in FIG. 6(b). That is, a plurality of exterior materials 8 as shown in FIG. 5 are stacked in series with their overlapping uneven portions 10, and the engaging portions 16 are engaged with the locking portions 13 of the outer exterior unit n0. , the back surface of the main body 11 is brought into contact with the surface of the heat insulating material 4, and the guide/reinforcing piece 14 is
68 portions are brought into contact with the thin-walled end surface 4b of the heat insulating material 4, and the fixing piece 15 is fixed to the base 2 and the rafter 1 via nails 20. Next, a second stage heat insulating layer 3nz is laid as shown in FIG. 6(b). That is, 3 nz 1.3 ng 2.
32nz-3,...3-nz-n (not shown) thick wall end face jc is attached to the guide/reinforcing piece 14 of each exterior material 8 of the first stage exterior unit n. Abutting and each side 4a
were laid in contact with each other in the same manner as above. In addition, in order to roof the second stage exterior material 7nz, the exterior material 8 is
In the same manner as the second stage, it is placed on the second stage heat insulating layer 3-nz, attached, and roofed.

Therefore, a roof can be constructed by repeating the above steps from the eaves to the ridge. The longitudinal section of the roof thus constructed is as shown in Fig. 3, and the cross section taken along line X-X in Fig. 6(b) is as shown in Fig. 7.
The result will be as shown in the figure.

[Other Examples]

What has been described above is only one embodiment of the exterior construction method according to the present invention, and the construction can also be carried out sequentially from the foundation to the girders on the rim and studs of the exterior wall. In addition, the exterior material 8 is shown in FIG.
It can also be formed as shown in l to fgl. In other words, (a) shows an exterior material 8 with a protrusion 13b' at the center of the top surface 13b, (b) shows an exterior material 8 with a wavy top surface 13b, and (C) shows an exterior material 8 with a protrusion 13b' formed in the center of the top surface 13b. The protruding exterior material 8, (D1 figure is the exterior material 8 with a protrusion 13b'' at the end of the protrusion in (C1 figure),
Exterior material 8 with backing material 21 implanted at the end of 3b (
f) The figure shows an exterior material 8 in which uneven stripes are formed not only on the main body 11 but also on the rising part 12 and the locking part 13. (The figure g1 shows the exterior material 8 formed in two stages. It can also be formed into a V-shaped cross section as shown in FIG. 8(f).Furthermore, the exterior material 8 can also be formed with an uneven portion 10 for polymerization as shown in FIG.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the exterior construction method of the present invention, a waterproof layer and a heat insulation layer can be formed by simply laying the insulation material in series horizontally on the base, and the exterior construction can be performed using this insulation layer as a guide. Then, the second layer of heat insulation is formed using this exterior as a guide, so it does not require any skill to install and can be easily installed even by amateurs. Additionally, since a heat insulating layer is reliably formed between the exterior and the base, the exterior has excellent heat insulation properties. Furthermore, the insulation layer functions as a back-up material, waterproofing material, vibration-proofing material, cushioning material, and sound-absorbing material, so it protects the foundation and rafters from corrosion.
It has the feature of preventing deformation of the exterior material due to external pressure (snow), etc. In addition, since one exterior material serves as a hanger, exterior material, and guide, it is inexpensive and easy to construct. Additionally, the exterior is terraced, giving it an excellent three-dimensional feel.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a conventional terraced roof, Figure 2 (a),
(b) is an explanatory diagram showing a vertical cross section of a generally used exterior material, such as a roofing material, FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a part of a roof constructed by the exterior construction method according to the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of a heat insulating material that is one of the structural members used in the exterior construction method according to the present invention; FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an example of the exterior material that is another component; and FIG. Figures (al, (b)
) is an explanatory diagram showing the process of the above construction method, and Fig. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the process of the above construction method, and Fig.
), a cross-sectional view taken along the line X-X of FIG. 8 (al~(g)
, FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing another embodiment. 1...Rafter, 2...Front layer, 3...-insulation layer, 4...
・Insulation material, 1...exterior, 8...exterior material. Figure 1 Figure 2 (g) Figure 3]-03 Figure S Figure 6 Figure 1 Figure 8 Figure 8 1 & (bl (C) Figure 8 (6> I) b Figure 8 (f ) rJ＞

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A core material having a rectangular outer shape and a wedge-shaped vertical cross section is sized so that at least two sides that will become polymeric tongues protrude from the back surface of the core material with respect to the base of the building or structure. The first stage of insulation is achieved by laying multiple pieces of heat insulating material with waterproof sheets glued together in series, with their sides touching each other, and the back sides of adjacent heat insulating materials placed on the polymeric tongues. A layer is formed in the horizontal direction, and then a rectangular decorative surface is formed on the heat insulating layer, and a main body has a polymerization unevenness formed in uneven stripes at the left and right ends of the decorative surface, and a main body is provided at the upper end of the main body. A raised part for forming a step and an upper end edge of the raised part protrude downward, a locking part extending upward again, and an end of the locking part extending downward along the rising part, and further than the decorative surface. A guide/reinforcing piece with a length protruding by the length of the end face of the thin part of the heat insulating material and a fixing piece with the lower edge of the reinforcing piece projecting upward are provided, and the lower edge of the main body is fixed inwardly at the lower end. A plurality of exterior materials each having an engagement portion bent in a zigzag shape are superimposed on each other in the horizontal direction, and the thin wall portion, which is the upper end surface of each insulation material of the first heat insulation layer, is stacked horizontally. The part of the guide/reinforcing piece that protrudes below the decorative surface is brought into contact with the end face, and the fixing piece is fixed to the base and laid in series to form the first stage exterior. The thick end face of the heat insulating material forming the second stage heat insulating layer is brought into contact with the guide/reinforcing piece of each of the first stage exterior materials, and the side surfaces of each heat insulating material are mutually placed on the fixed piece. to form a second heat insulating layer in the same way as the first stage,
Next, the exterior construction method is characterized in that the process of roofing the second stage exterior on the second stage heat insulation layer in the same manner as the first stage is repeated until the required stage is reached.