JPS626927B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for rotating a rotating shaft and reciprocating an operating shaft that is integral with the rotating shaft or separate from the rotating shaft. By applying this principle, it can be used as an operating source for a fine reciprocating device for a grinding wheel in super finishing in machining, or as an automatic chip processing device that shortens continuous long chips in turning, drilling, etc.

An example of an automatic chip disposal device will be explained below. The need to automatically handle long continuous chips that interfere with operations is well known.

The method of these devices incorporates the operation of retracting the cutting tool a short distance, approximately the thickness of the chip, at regular intervals during the mutual rotation of the workpiece and the cutting tool, while the cutting tool moves forward at a constant speed due to machine feed. ,result,
Each time the cutting tool moves forward in cutting a certain distance, it retreats and interrupts the cutting, and the continuous chips are divided into groups of chips corresponding to the cutting length between the retreating steps of the cutting tool. The length of the chip to be separated is approximated by dividing the cutting speed by the number of times the cutting tool retracts per unit time, and the retracting distance of the cutting tool is calculated by dividing the cutting speed by the number of times the cutting tool retreats per unit time.
It is determined in terms of the feed distance per revolution. In order to shorten the number of chips to be separated, the number of retractions of the cutting tool should be increased per unit time in accordance with the cutting speed. In practical applications, there are cases where the cutting tool is retracted more than 300 times per minute when cutting steel materials, and in such cases, the operating time given to retract the cutting tool is a short time, such as several tenths of a second.

In order for a mechanical device to accurately and reliably perform such a short-term backward movement, it must be operated positively under high force tension. For this purpose, this device is configured to apply tension in the retraction direction using a strong elastic body.

As a specific example, a device for drilling will be described.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a rotating shaft having a collar 11 in the middle, the upper part of which is slidably fitted in the radial bearing 3 installed above the cylindrical body 2, and the lower part of which is fitted with a radial bearing 3 installed above the cylindrical body 2. The sliding body 4 fits into the inner surface of the body so as to be slidable up and down, and is rotatably supported by being fitted into the inner diameter of a radial bearing 5 installed on the lower end surface of the body. 6 is a retaining ring for positioning the radial bearing 3 on the cylindrical body 2; 7 is a retaining ring for positioning the radial bearing 5 on the sliding body 4;
Reference numeral 8 denotes a lower cover that is attached to the lower end surface of the cylindrical body by means of mounting bolts 9, and the x mark shown near the bearing indicates an oil seal.

Although not shown in the drawings, a slide key or the like is installed to prevent the cylindrical body 1 and the sliding body 4 fitted therewith from rotating relative to each other, so that they can only move up and down in the axial direction.

The collar 11 of the rotating shaft is located between the radial bearing 3 and the radial bearing 5, and a disc-shaped bearing ring 12,
A thrust roller bearing type cam mechanism in which a retainer 15 holding three rollers 13 and a disc-shaped cam ring 14 are stacked is inserted.

A thrust bearing 17 is installed between the lower surface of the collar 11 and the lower surface of the sliding body.

A spring 16 is inserted between the inside of the lower cover 8 and the lower end surface of the sliding body 4, and its tension causes the sliding body 4, the thrust bearing 17, the collar 11, and the thrust roller bearing type cam mechanism to be overlapped. , the inner upper surface 10 of the cylindrical body
Press it against the

As shown in the plan view of FIG. 2, the cam surface of the cam ring 14 on which the roller 13 rolls has three high points A, B, and C provided at 120 degree intervals in the radial direction, and low points a, The rollers b and c are connected by a spiral step-like inclined surface, and the retainer 15 holds three rollers 13 at intervals of 120 degrees, as shown in FIG.

When the rotating shaft rotates in this manner, the bearing ring rotates together with the collar 11 that is in surface contact with the roller 13.
is a spring 1 between the rolling surface of the bearing ring and the cam surface of the cam ring.
It is sandwiched under the tension of 6, and rotates and revolves together with the retainer without slipping. Due to this revolution, the rollers 13 move to the low points a, b, and c of the cam surface.
To reach heights A, B, and C, the rotating shaft is pushed down along a spiral staircase-like slope along with a series of working parts such as bearing rings and sliding bodies, and the cam surfaces A, B, and
From C to a, b, and c, the spring tension causes the robot to descend from a high place to a low place in a short time. This descent of the roller from a high place to a low place is a retreat with respect to the forward direction of the rotating shaft.

Thus, the rotating shaft reciprocates in the axial direction while rotating, and this device becomes a reciprocating shaft device. In this structure, the number of reciprocating movements of the rotary shaft, that is, the number of retreats, is 1.5 times the number of rotations of the rotary shaft, but it is possible to change the number of rollers and the configuration of the cam surface as desired depending on the general purpose. It is.

To apply this device to an actual machine, as shown in FIG. They are mounted concentrically, and the drive shaft and rotary shaft are connected inside the mounting tube using a method such as a slide key that enables short distance reciprocation in the axial direction of the rotary shaft, and a drill chuck 2 is attached to the operating shaft end of the rotary shaft.
1 and a drill 22 are attached, and a workpiece 23 is installed below it.
Place.

Now, if the drive shaft of the drill machine is driven to rotate and the quill 18 is automatically sent downward, the rotary shaft 1 will drill a hole in the workpiece 23 together with the chuck 21 and the drill 22, and the drill will cut as the rotary shaft reciprocates. By repeatedly moving forward and backward, the chips are shortened and discharged. That is, it is an automatic chip disposal device for drilling work.

In actual drilling work, if the number of retraction operations of the cutting tool is 1.5 times the rotation speed of the rotating shaft, that is, the drill, the chips may become too short. will be established. To explain using the example shown in FIG. 5, an angular ball bearing 31 is replaced in the position of the thrust bearing 17 installed between the rotating shaft and the sliding body in FIG.
A rotating shaft is fitted into the inner diameter and brought into contact with the collar 11, and the outer ring is held by the sliding body 4.

Angular ball bearings have the function of supporting rotational force and thrust, so radial bearing 5 and thrust bearing 1
7 will be abolished.

The retainer of the angular ball bearing 31 is extended upward to form a reduction frame 32, a radial bearing 34 is provided between the inner diameter portion of the frame 32 and the rotating shaft to enable mutual rotation of the two, and a thrust bearing 33 is installed on the upper surface of the collar 11. The thrust force acting between the rotary shaft and the reduction frame is rotatably supported. The cam mechanism is installed between the upper end surface of the reduction frame and the inner upper surface 10 of the cylindrical body. The other configuration is as shown in Figure 1.

Now, when the rotating shaft rotates, the reduction frame 32 rotates at the same rotation speed as the retainer of the angular ball bearing.
Since the rotation is the revolution of the ball, it is a rotation speed that is slower than the rotation speed of the rotating shaft, and is the rotation speed of the bearing ring of the cam mechanism. Since the reduction frame can be rotated independently of the rotating shaft by the radial bearing 34 and the thrust bearing 33, it can be rotated at a rotation speed different from that of the rotating shaft. The other operations are the same as in the case of FIG. As a result, the number of retraction operations relative to the rotational speed of the drill is smaller than in the case of FIG. 1, and the chips to be separated are longer. In commercially available angular ball bearings, the revolution speed of the balls is approximately 1/2.5. The type of bearing used for this purpose is not limited as long as it is an angular roller bearing that supports rotation and thrust.

In the case of turning or boring work where the cutting tool does not rotate, the rotating shaft and the operating shaft that holds the cutting tool are separate parts, and the operating shaft is configured so that it only reciprocates with the cutting tool as the rotating shaft rotates. . An example of its configuration is shown in FIG. Its composition is basically the first
Same as the figure.

FIG. 6 shows an example in which the sliding body 4 shown in FIG. 1 is changed in shape to form an operating shaft 42, and the cutting tool mounting portion at the shaft end is made into a tapered shaft end for mounting a cutting tool chuck.

A thrust bearing 33 is inserted between the inner upper surface 10 of the cylindrical body 2 and the collar 11 provided on the rotating shaft 1, and works together with the radial bearing 3 provided on the cylindrical body to rotatably hold the rotating shaft. do. Left end surface of rotating shaft and operating shaft 4
2. That is, the above-mentioned cam mechanism is inserted between the right end surface of the sliding body whose shape has been changed, and the tension of the spring 16 inserted between the lower cover 8 of the cylindrical body and the left end surface of the operating shaft is Therefore, the operating shaft, the cam mechanism, the collar of the rotating shaft, and the thrust bearing 33 are stacked and pressed against the inner upper surface of the cylindrical body. The operating shaft is fitted into the cylindrical body, and is prevented from rotating by a slide key 43 or the like so as not to rotate during reciprocating movement in the left and right direction. A necessary cutting tool is attached to the cutting tool mounting portion at the left end of the operating shaft, and a motor 41 for driving and rotating the rotary shaft is attached to the right end surface of the cylindrical body, and the motor 41 is connected to the shaft.

Now, when the motor is driven to rotate the rotating shaft 1, the bearing ring 12 and the cam ring 14 mutually rotate as in the case shown in FIG. reciprocate. If a cutting tool such as a cutting tool or a drill is attached to the cutting tool attachment part of the operating shaft, and this device is automatically fed while rotating the rotating shaft and rotary cutting is performed in relation to the rotating workpiece, the cutting tool will move forward and backward in cutting. The cutting operation is carried out by repeating this process alternately, and each time the cutting tool retreats, the chips are separated and shortened. That is, this device is an automatic chip disposal device in which the operating shaft does not rotate.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional side view of an embodiment of the present invention;
3 is a cross-sectional plan view of the retainer of the cam mechanism, FIG. 4 is a partial side sectional view of the cam mechanism, FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional side view of another embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a plan view of the cam ring. FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional side view of yet another embodiment. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Rotating shaft, 2... Cylindrical body, 3... Radial bearing, 4... Sliding body, 5... Radial bearing, 6...
... Retaining ring, 7 ... Retaining ring, 8 ... Lower cover, 9 ... Mounting bolt, 10 ... Internal upper surface of cylindrical body, 11 ...
Brim, 12... Raceway ring, 13... Roller, 14...
Cam ring, 15...retainer, 16...spring, 17
...Thrust bearing, 18...Quill, 19...
Mounting tube, 20...Drive shaft, 21...Chuck, 2
2... Drill, 23... Workpiece, 31... Angular ball bearing, 32... Reduction frame, 33... Thrust bearing, 34... Radial bearing, 41... Motor, 42... Operating shaft, 43... slide key, 4
4...Blade attachment part.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A rotating shaft fitted into a cylindrical body so as to be able to freely reciprocate in the axial direction while rotating; a high and low place on the raceway surface is connected by an inclined surface to form a high and low cam surface. A thrust roller bearing type cam mechanism in which a cam ring, rollers, a retainer for holding the rollers, and a bearing ring are stacked together; a sliding body fitted into the inner surface of the cylindrical body so as to be slidable in the axial direction; A reciprocating shaft device comprising: an elastic body inserted between a lower cover of a cylindrical body and the sliding body, and pressing the cam mechanism and the rotating shaft against the inner upper surface of the cylindrical body. 2. A rotating shaft fitted into a cylindrical body so that it can freely reciprocate in the axial direction while rotating; a cam ring that connects the high and low points of the raceway surface with an inclined surface to form a high and low cam surface, and a roller. , a thrust roller bearing type cam mechanism in which a retainer for holding rollers and a bearing ring are overlapped; a sliding body fitted into the inner surface of the cylindrical body so as to be slidable in the axial direction; a lower cover of the cylindrical body; and said sliding body, and presses said cam mechanism and rotating shaft against the inner upper surface of the cylindrical body; an elastic body inserted between said sliding body and said rotating shaft, and a retainer therefor; A reciprocating shaft device comprising: an angular roller bearing in which the cam mechanism is held in an extension of the bearing;