JPS6263505A - Microorganism multiplication promoter for soil - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:The titled preparation containing a stock solution of a purified pyrolignous acid having specific pH value, specific gravity, organic acid content and phenolic component content or its diluted solution with high concentration and its diluted concentration with low concentration as a soil fungicide and a multiplication promoter for useful organisms, respectively. CONSTITUTION:The titled preparation comprising 1-30 times diluted solution of purified pyrolignous acid having 3.80-2.60pH, 1.019-1.010 (20 deg.C) specific gravity, 2.50-5.50wt% organic acid content and <=0.15wt% phenolic component content and 30-10,000 times diluted solution of it as essential components. Firstly harmful microorganisms in soil are destroyed with the diluted solution with high concentration, then only useful microorganisms in soil (especially molds) are multiplied by the diluted solution with low concentration, decomposition and decay of organic substances in soil are promoted and growth of plants can be promoted. Since the purified pyrolignous acid is a natural substance, it is naturally decomposed and diluted with rain, it has no fear of accumulation of its harmfulness at all.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a soil beneficial microorganism propagation promoter, and its purpose is to improve the soil usefulness by applying it to soil in which trees such as cultivated plants, trees, or horticultural trees are planted. A microbial growth promoter,
In addition, the crude wood vinegar obtained from natural sources is adjusted to a purified wood vinegar of a certain quality, and the purified wood vinegar is used as a soil disinfectant either in its original form or in a highly concentrated form, and at the same time, the diluted purified wood vinegar is used as a disinfectant for Furukawa microorganisms. An object of the present invention is to provide a soil beneficial microorganism propagation promoter used as a propagation promoter.

(Prior art and its disadvantages) In general, various miscellaneous microorganisms live in the soil in which the buds of cultivated plants, cultivated fruit trees, trees, etc. propagate, and among these microorganisms there are pathogenic bacteria, such as damping-off of tobacco. and tomato bacterial wilt, as well as common root rot diseases and apple,
There are also many microorganisms that cause various plant diseases such as Momba disease of pears and the like.

On the other hand, many of them have an effective effect on microorganisms in the soil.

In other words, microorganisms in the soil corrode the organic matter contained in the soil, decompose this organic matter into carbon elements and other essential elements that can be absorbed by the plant body, and then remove the organic matter from the roots of the plant.
It has the effect of promoting absorption of these nutrients.

Furthermore, leguminous plants have extremely useful microorganisms, such as parasitic fungi such as Rhizobacteria, which fix atmospheric nitrogen and supply nitrogen as a useful component to the plant body.

However, to date, no substance extracted from natural products has been created that removes such harmful soil microorganisms and propagates only useful microorganisms.

For example, synthetic agents such as chloropicrin and formalin, which are commonly used as soil disinfectants, have great sterilizing effects on harmful microorganisms, but conversely, they also have sterilizing effects on beneficial soil microorganisms, and they decompose in the soil. Many of them have an inhibitory effect on cultivated plants, such as deteriorating their growth.

In other words, although soil fungicides can protect plants from damage caused by harmful bacteria, they also have the effect of suppressing plant growth, which is a serious problem.

On the other hand, research on wood vinegar has progressed in recent years, and in addition to its conventional use as a black dye, research is being conducted on its use as an antioxidant added to foods.

Furthermore, there is some research into its use as a medicine, and in particular, a new field of application for pyroligneous vinegar is the ``germination and rooting agent for useful plants'' disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-20645.

This invention of Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-20645 was very excellent in that it promoted the germination and rooting of useful plants using pyroligneous acid as an active ingredient.

However, even if this invention is attempted to be carried out as is, the disclosed effect of promoting germination and rooting of useful plants may not be sufficiently obtained.

The inventor conducted intensive research into the drawbacks of this disclosed invention and found that polyphenol components such as formaldehyde or 3,4-henppylene contained in wood vinegar exist in wood vinegar, and this inhibits root growth. That's what I found out first.

Further research based on this knowledge revealed that purified wood vinegar, which is purified under specific conditions to remove the above-mentioned toxic substances, does not have the effect of inhibiting the germination and rooting of the above-mentioned useful plants; It was discovered that the present invention has both a bactericidal action against harmful soil microorganisms and an action to promote the growth of useful soil microorganisms, thereby overcoming all of the conventional drawbacks and achieving the present invention.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The inventors were conducting intensive research on substances that can kill harmful microorganisms in soil and that can be decomposed without being accumulated in the soil. As a result of parallel research on the drawbacks, purified wood vinegar obtained by removing specific components from wood vinegar has 1. It has been discovered that when the concentration is high, it acts as a fungicide, and when the concentration is diluted, it functions as a growth promoter, thereby eliminating all of the conventional disadvantages and promoting the absorption of nutrients by plants. This invention was achieved by successfully breeding the species.

That is, this invention has a pH value of 3.80 to 2.60,
Specific gravity is 1.019-1,010. Organic acid content is 2.50
-5.50% by weight 1, using purified wood vinegar with a phenol component of 0.15% by weight or less, this purified wood vinegar stock solution 1 to 3
It is an object of the present invention to provide a soil beneficial microorganism propagation promoter comprising a 0-fold diluted liquid and a 30-10000-fold diluted liquid as essential components.

(Structure of the invention) The pH value used in this invention is 3.80 to 2.60.
Desirably 3.30 to 2.80, specific gravity 1.019 to
1.010, preferably 1.016 to 1.012. Organic acid content is 2.50-5.50, preferably 3.00-5.
Purified wood vinegar having an amount of 00ffi χ and a phenol component of 0.15 weight 2 or less, preferably 0.08 to 0.10 weight 2, is obtained by refining the crude wood vinegar shown in the disclosed invention.

In this invention, crude wood vinegar is a product obtained by collecting and cooling the smoke generated during thermal decomposition when turning wood and plants into charcoal.
The purified wood vinegar used in this invention is obtained by purifying the collected, cooled and accumulated crude vinegar solution using the method described below.

The purification method is (1) precipitation method (2) filtration method (3)
The fractional distillation method can be exemplified. Firstly, as a precipitation method, if the crude wood vinegar solution is simply left standing in a tank for 48 hours or more, a precipitated layer such as tar and a suspended layer such as light oil and water-soluble In this method, the components are separated into three layers, the intermediate layer, and this light oil layer is first removed by a suitable means such as decantation, and only the water-soluble components are taken out and used as purified wood vinegar solution.

The filtration method involves filtering crude wood vinegar using a filter material such as a glass filter to remove tar, suspended solids, dust, etc.
This is a method to make purified wood vinegar.

The fractional distillation method is a method in which amorphous substances such as tar, floating layers, and dust are first filtered out, then heated to obtain a fraction at a temperature of up to 103° C., and this fraction is converted into purified pyroligneous vinegar.

Incidentally, residual liquid at a temperature of 103°C or higher contains harmful substances such as polyphenol components that inhibit plant physiological phenomena such as rooting.

The purified wood vinegar obtained by such a method has a pH value of 3.80 to 2.60 and a specific gravity of 1.019 as described above.
~1.010. The organic acid content is 2.50 to 5.50% by weight, the dissolved tar is 0.15% by weight or less, and the external color tone varies depending on the resin of the charcoal material.

In addition, such purified wood vinegar solution accounts for about 70% by weight of the crude wood vinegar solution.
A yield of about 100% can be obtained.

When this purified wood vinegar solution is used as a undiluted solution or as a diluted solution of up to 300 times, it acts as a soil disinfectant, and when used as a diluted solution of 30 to 10,000 times, it can be used as a microorganism propagation promotion wound for soil.

In particular, when a highly concentrated solution such as a stock solution is used, it has a strong bactericidal effect against root rot pathogens such as Fusarium fungi, and at a concentration of about 5 times, it exhibits an effective bactericidal effect against damping-off bacteria and tobacco moth virus. Can be done.

On the other hand, such a diluted solution of purified wood vinegar, i.e. 30 to 1
(When used as a 7,000-fold diluted solution, it is possible to propagate useful microorganisms such as soil bacteria and actinobacteria such as Benicilliere, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, and Biistromyces, and these useful microorganisms remove organic matter in the soil. This decomposed organic matter is broken down into nutrients that are easily absorbed by plants.

To use the soil beneficial microorganism propagation promoter according to this invention, first apply a highly concentrated purified wood vinegar solution of this invention to the soil, let it act as a bactericidal agent, leave it for a predetermined period of time, or pour a certain amount of water onto the sterilized area. After application, a diluted solution is applied to the same soil to propagate useful microorganisms.

The reason for this is that if only a dilute solution is applied alone, harmful microorganisms will also grow due to the purified wood vinegar solution.

(Results of the Invention) As detailed above, the soil beneficial microorganism growth promoter according to the present invention has an I) II value of 3.80 to 2.60, and a specific gravity of 1.
019-1.010 (20°C), organic acid content 2.5
Using purified wood vinegar with a phenol content of 0 to 5.50% by weight and 0.15% by weight or less,
Since this is a soil beneficial microorganism propagation promoter that contains a 30-fold diluted solution and a 30-10,000-fold diluted solution as essential components, harmful soil microorganisms in the soil to be applied are first sterilized, and after this sterilization, the diluted solution is used to promote soil growth. It can propagate only useful microorganisms (especially molds) and promote the decomposition and humification of organic matter in the soil, which can promote plant growth. Since Moko's purified wood vinegar is a natural product, it decomposes naturally and is also diluted by rain that has seeped into the soil, so there is no risk of its harmful effects accumulating.

EXAMPLES The effects of this invention will be made clearer by describing Examples and Test Examples of this invention.

Example: A crude vinegar solution obtained from a charcoal gas flue was first filtered to remove floating solids, and then left in a stationary tank for one week, after which a precipitated layer such as tar, a suspended layer such as light oil, and water-soluble substances were separated. Only the water-soluble layer of crude wood vinegar separated into three layers, including the middle layer, was taken out.

The analytical values of this purified wood vinegar are PI+2.8, specific gravity 1,
013, organic acid content (as CIl to C0011) 3.
5% by weight, and the phenol content was 10.08% by weight.

The following test was conducted using this purified wood vinegar solution.

Test Example 1 (Anti-mold effect) In order to investigate the anti-mold effect of purified wood vinegar, the purified wood vinegar obtained in Example 1 and formalin were separately added to a Tsuahesotatoku culture medium, and 8.spergillus nig.
er (black mold), Fusarium Odyspor
A comparative test was conducted using M.ium (deuteromycetes).

The amount of both test agents added was 20,200,500,2.000
, 5.000 times solution.

The results showed that after 7 days of culture in the formalin group, all five species completely inhibited the growth of black mold and Deuteromycota, while in the Seisou wood vinegar solution group, the 20x solution completely inhibited the growth of black mold and Deuteromycota. In other cases, the above two types of fungi were observed to grow on the second day of culture, regardless of the concentration of addition, and on the seventh day of culture, they grew extremely well, just like in the no-medicine-added plot.

Test example 2 <Effect on peat damping-off bacteria and bacterial flora> Petri dish 3 each
Warm-season beet blight fungus (Pellow) is present in the Kea group (A-G).
loria-Filameutosa (Pat,) R
oger S) bacterial flora was planted, and the purified wood vinegar solution obtained in Example 1 was mixed into a vetri dish to examine bactericidal properties.

As a control, we looked at a sample to which purified wood vinegar was not applied.

The results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 “1 Treatment Concentration IA IBIcI D I E
IF IG1 to--←--to← ]20x solution 1- 1-1-1-1 ± l ± 1
-1-to 1 140x solution l± 1-1-1 - 1 + l
+ 1-1] +-+ 180x solution: + 1±1-1-1 ++1++
l±11160 times solution 1++1+1±1 ± 1+++1
++11+1'' I contrast 1 111+++l l 11
Test Example 3 <Effects on plants> Using the purified wood vinegar solution obtained in Example 1, test plots were set up for tomatoes, and the number of bacterial wilt outbreaks, plant growth conditions, and presence or absence of weeds were investigated.

The results are shown in Table 2.

In the control plot in the table, purified wood vinegar undiluted solution was applied.

In the tests (1) and (2), the undiluted solution was applied, and after 4 days, a large amount of water was applied, and then the diluted solution was applied.

In (3) and (4), the above pretreatment was not performed, and in (5), no pretreatment was performed and crude wood vinegar was used.

The results are shown in Table 2.

(Leaving space below) 2nd Table 1 Survey July 31st August 15th September 1st 11 (115 times l Olx li+ol
○ l! Si+O1◎ IH−←” 1 (211000 (g l O, l◎ 1 0
1◎ 101◎ j1 (315fg l Olx l
OlxI O':○]1 (411000 times 111◎
121◎ 121◎ 1 (5) FIlnRitl Olx l Olx l
Ol○I□-To+-(1 control group 1 0 lx l Olx l O
l○ 1 note) ◎: Good ○: Average ×: Bad: Hardly present +: Slightly present ++: Much +++: Very much Test Example 4 <Effect on plant pathogenic bacteria> The concentration of the purified wood vinegar solution obtained in Example 1 was The effects against various pathogens were examined.

The results are shown in Table 3.

(Left below) Table 3 1 Dilution factor 1 1Ji8 order 11 11 Sonoya 530501005001 (X) OlIP, S
oranacearum 126.815.010.8
----- lIP, Tabaci 124.1*
11.2* 7.2* ------11E, 8 roi
deae 129.3 16.7
10.5 - - - -
11C, Michigannee 133.3
19.713.3---11X, C1tri 12
0.7* 10.3* 7.5* ----llX,P
Runi! 18.7* t t---IIX,
Phaseoli 126.215.711.0---
-11X,0ryzae 131.09.2*t
----l The numerical value is the average value of three inhibition*...Double rings are generated, and the smaller value is the value.Test example 5: Effect on larch seedlings cannot be measured due to unclear inhibition circle. 8 compared to the agent
All around.

The results are summarized in Table 4.

(Left below) Table 4 11 Onset of disease
Rate / GJ, 1 day) 11 types 1b weight
- 1 liter (1/if 6.86)
．． 146.206.267.37.168.18.13
8.2711 partwIi116.0110.516.02
1.024.028.030.030.531.831
．． 811150 (cold night 1 110.3 15
．． 7 17.3 18.8 20.8 22.0 22
．． 3 23.1 23. Total 11'l I bookbinding vinegar solution + 8.0 14.8 8.5 10.0
11.0 12.8 1.4.3 15.0 16.
0 17.8115 (New Year's Eve l l
3.5 5.3 5.3 6.3 6.8
7.3 8.0 8゜3 8.8117 Mochifusa J
l 3.2120.0, 8th edition, 3 blades, 341.343
．． 043.344.545.311800 songs night + 11
5.326.828.032.833.5 copies, 036.
8th edition, 6A, 011 (Our company 10115.528.532.
334.036.538.339.340.040.5
+1 1112.823.525.027.32f3.
329.529.330.1 (9), 51 note) Origin of 10 seeds: Matsumoto Forestry Office, germination rate 21.6X, sowing 1t18
．． 5g/m, sowing date May 6th, disinfection of seeds, smearing 2x of the seed weight with ceresan, PH5 of the nursery soil 2, chemical spraying April 28th 3, The numbers in the table are the numbers in the survey area. The cumulative total of events is shown, with the top row showing only the initial disinfection, and the bottom row showing the spraying of 800 harmonics of a mercury preparation (Uspurun) five times during the onset of the disease.

Usburun spraying date: 6/, 86/136/227/I
As is clear from the results of V8/26 and above, it can be seen that the soil beneficial microorganism propagation promoter according to the present invention has excellent effects.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) PH value is 3.80 to 2.60 and specific gravity is 1.01
Using purified wood vinegar having an organic acid content of 9 to 1.010 (20°C), an organic acid content of 2.50 to 5.50% by weight, and a phenol component of 0.15% by weight or less, dilute this purified wood vinegar stock solution 1 to 30 times. A soil beneficial microorganism propagation promoter comprising a liquid and a 30 to 10,000 times diluted liquid as essential components.