JPS6258891A - One-phase semiconductor motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To ensure starting while improving efficiency by bringing the conduction width of an armature coil to 180 deg. on starting and interrupting the initial stage and the last stage of conduction at rated speed. CONSTITUTION:An output from a Hall element 7 as a magnetoelectric device is amplifier by operational amplifiers 12a, 12b. Outputs from the operational amplifiers 12a, 12b are transmitted over + terminals for operational amplifiers 9a, 9b. The output from the operational amplifier 12b is differentiated by a differentiation circuit consisting of a capacitor 16b and a resistor 16a, and transmitted over an operational amplifier 16. An output from the operational amplifier 16 is given to a monostable circuit 18 through a differentiation circuit composed of a capacitor 17a and a resistor 17b, and a sample holding circuit 19 is controlled by an output from the circuit 18. An output from the sample holding circuit 19 is transmitted over one terminals for the operational amplifiers 9a, 9b through an operational amplifier 14. The conduction width of an armature coil on starting is brought to 180 deg. on the basis of outputs from terminals 10a, 10b, and approximately 30 deg. at the initial stage and the last stage of rated conduction respectively is interrupted.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention is applicable to drive sources for small output loads, such as drive sources for devices such as autofocus and zooming of video cameras, and electric fans for cooling electronic circuits. It is used, l
The present invention relates to phase semiconductor motors.

[Conventional technology]

Conventional /phase semiconductor motors can be roughly divided into the following three types of l-phase motors.

First, since the well-known l-phase motor cannot start automatically,
This type is activated by cogging torque.

Second, U.S. Patent No. 3,299.33! No. 1 is a technology disclosed in which a non-magnetic field section is provided between the north and south magnetic poles of a magnet rotor, thereby making it easier to extract and start the motor.

The third technique is the technology disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 2/I, 943, which adds a sub magnetic pole to the main magnetic pole of the magnet rotor to achieve substantially the same effect as the second technique. It is something that you have.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] There are three problems in the conventional/phase semiconductor motor described above. First, during the initial and final stages of rotation by 10 degrees in electrical angle, especially at the final stage, in addition to the back electromotive force being zero, the magnetic core is magnetically saturated, resulting in an excessive armature current. flows, increasing Joule loss that does not contribute to torque, leading to a decrease in efficiency.

Furthermore, even when saturation does not occur, a large current flows to accumulate magnetic energy, which also causes a decrease in efficiency.

Second, in order to prevent this, the above-mentioned U.S. Patent No. 3,
There is a technique disclosed in No. 299.333 and No. 743, but this technique has the drawback that the entire magnetic field of the magnet rotor cannot be effectively used for torque, resulting in a decrease in efficiency.

Third, a Zener diode is connected in parallel to the armature coil to release the stored magnetic energy when the armature coil is de-energized. The breakdown voltage of this Zener diode must exceed the power supply voltage. Therefore, most of the magnetic energy is consumed inside the Zener diode, which has the disadvantage of not contributing to the output torque and resulting in ineffective power loss.

In the case of this type of three-phase electric motor, since diodes can be used, there is only a small loss when the current is cut off, and most of the magnetic energy can be converted into output torque.

For the above-mentioned reasons, in any of the first, second, and third cases, there is a disadvantage that the efficiency decreases and the 3j advantage is at its limit.

Furthermore, since the diameter of this type of small electric motor is within 1.2θS millitorr, the rotational speed is high and a large noise is generated including the reduction gear. Particularly when there is no load, the rotational speed increases, which inconveniences the generation of even louder noise.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to prevent excessive joule loss from occurring at the end of energization of the armature coil, energization is stopped only during a predetermined section at the beginning and end of energization. For the above-mentioned cessation of electricity.

The rotation speed signal is used and at the same time, the rotation speed is suppressed to a relatively low speed (2000 revolutions per minute or less) to prevent noise generation.

Using the rotational speed signal, the width of the energization of the armature coil at startup is set to 010 degrees (hereinafter, everything is expressed in electrical angles) to ensure startup by cogging torque.

C. Effect of the present invention] At the initial stage of energization of the armature coil, in the case of a motor with a magnetic core, its inductance is approximately 9 mm (m).
(for a motor with an output of /~2 watts), the current rise is relatively slow and the back electromotive force is small, but the current value is small and the joule loss is small, so it has little effect on efficiency, but it does cause a decrease in efficiency. It turns out.

However, at the end of energization, the core is almost saturated by the magnetic flux of the magnet rotor, and the inductance is only the coil, so the inductance decreases to about S mm.

Therefore, at the end of energization when the field magnetic field is small or zero, a significantly large armature current flows, and since this does not contribute to torque, it becomes the main cause of deterioration of efficiency.

Even if the core does not saturate, the stored magnetic energy still consumes power and causes efficiency degradation. In order to eliminate this inconvenience, we developed a 2-volt electric motor, which is known for its efficiency by cutting off the current at the beginning and end of energization.
The effect of the present invention is to increase the temperature by about 117-n%.

Further, according to the above-mentioned means, self-starting becomes difficult. In order to eliminate this drawback, the rotation speed signal is used to ensure startup by setting the armature coil energized at 1gO degrees at startup, and at rated speed, the initial and final stages of energization are cut off at about 30 degrees. This increases efficiency.

At the same time, the rotational speed signal is used to perform speed control without loss, reducing the speed during rated operation and preventing the generation of noise, including from the reduction gear.

The efficiency described above is approximately 60 to 7 degrees, which is approximately the same as the efficiency of a J-phase motor.

Furthermore, a means has been added to convert the magnetic energy multiplied by the armature coil IC8 into output torque using a switching element such as a transistor, thereby further increasing the efficiency (5% efficiency increase). be.

〔Example〕

Next, details of the apparatus of the present invention will be explained with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. Components with the same symbols in the drawings are the same members, so a description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 1 is a front view showing the overall structure of an electric motor with a magnetic core.

In FIG. 1, the symbol DA is an armature core made by laminating silicon steel plates. The configuration is a q-ball, and the salient poles are designated as 4(a, !is, Ilo,'ld), and their width is a little less than qo degrees and they are 90 degrees apart.

Each salient pole has an armature coiler a, sb, sc.

5d is installed. The center of the magnetic core becomes a hole,
A metal cylinder λ is fitted, and the magnetic core is fixed to the main body (not shown) by this cylinder λ, thereby forming a fixed armature.

An outer ring of a ball bearing 3 is fitted inside the cylinder 2, and a rotating shaft 1 is rotatably supported on the inner ring.

The center portion of the bottom surface of a mild steel cup/3 which is V-shaped and processed into a cup shape is fixed to the l end of the rotating shaft l.

cup/,? Inside is an annular magnet rotor 6.
is fixed, and N and S magnetic poles with an opening angle of 90 degrees are arranged on the magnet rotor B as shown in the figure, and the magnetic poles form salient poles qσ and ah through an air gap.

...and rotates along with the rotation axis l.

The left arrow B of the salient pole α indicates the magnetic pole 1. The magnetic pole 611 is connected to the
, and point C on the right side also faces magnetic pole B 1 via a gap (the gap of equal length is about 1/3 of the total gap, and its length is θ, S mm). There is.

The above-described voids are similarly provided in the other salient poles Ah, A'a, l, and d. With this means, cogging torque is generated and self-starting is possible. Other known self-starting means using cogging torque can also be used. The number of salient poles! , 41. A etc. can be selected arbitrarily.

FIG. 2 is a developed view of the electric motor shown in FIG. 1 at 3AO degrees (mechanical angle). From now on, all angles shall be expressed in electrical angles.

In FIG. 2, the gap 5e indicated by the arrow is θ0g mm, and the gap 5f is 0.0g. j Mi, it is 17 meters. The above-mentioned configuration is a well-known l-phase semiconductor motor, but these have degraded efficiency due to the following reasons, and the input is about l-2 watts, and the efficiency is 3 to 33 watts.
It is about %.

Compared to this type of J-phase, which has an efficiency of 60 to 70%, the efficiency has significantly deteriorated.

The device of the present invention eliminates the cause of such efficiency deterioration, and
Increase the efficiency by 21)%~, lu% to 60%~t,
The configuration is as follows. Next, the details will be explained.

Figure 1 (α) is the left α of the armature coil of the motor in Figure 1,
5h, . . . , 3d are energization control circuits.

In FIG. 7(a), the output of the Hall element serving as the magnetoelectric conversion element is increased by the operating angles l a and /ub. Symbols gα and gb are power supply voltage negative electrodes. The operational amplifier /, 2α, and Oh are linear amplifiers.

4. The voltages at 13 points are indicated by the same symbols in the time chart of FIG.
They are indicated by a, go b, .

Since the capacitor/4b and the resistor/Ot α constitute a differentiating circuit, the voltage at the 0 point is determined by the time chart 1- in Fig. 5.
It becomes a curve 52 of c, which is 90 degrees out of phase with the curve S/. Also, the output of the operational amplifier/A is indicated by the dotted line ffJ in the left diagram.
a, 33 b. Capacitor/7α.

Resistor /7b becomes a differentiating circuit, and since the capacitance of capacitor 17α is small, the differential output is generated by monostable circuit /g,
The electric pulse becomes an electric pulse of a predetermined width, and is outside the curve α, arab of the time chart D in FIG.

The input to terminal iqa is obtained as follows.

FIG. 9(C) shows armature coils j a, j; a and 3b,! d is the energization control circuit. Armature coil Sα
,re and jrb,! rd are connected in series or in parallel, respectively. Electrical signals with a width of 1 gO degree or smaller electrical angle are alternately input to the base terminal 3qα and rust α of the transistor 39゜＼, so
At the time of input, transistors 3q and tIθ are conductive to alternately energize the armature coil.

When transistor 3q is conductive, the armature coil! H,!
Since d is not energized, the transistor d3 is energized by the induction output button in the direction of the arrow, and a voltage proportional to the induction output, that is, a rotational speed signal, is obtained from the terminal.

In addition, the Hall element has salient poles α, y, as shown in Figure 2.
Since it is fixed to the fixed armature in the middle of b,
The Hall output and the above-mentioned induced output are in phase and have similar waveforms. It has the same phase as the curves roα and sob in FIG.

The analog switch /9 closes due to the output at point D, so the curve θa, ! The rOh, -% value is sampled and held and stored in a capacitor. Therefore, the voltage divided at a predetermined ratio by the resistors α and Jb becomes proportional to the rotational speed, and is input to the operational amplifier/Rinoko terminal.

This input voltage is proportional to the rotation speed, and if there is a change in speed, the input voltage is changed every time the magnet rotation +6 rotates by tgo degrees. That is, it has the characteristic that a rotational speed signal with a very small time constant and good responsiveness can be obtained.

Since the reference voltage is input from the terminal / left, the output of the operational amplifier ia, which is a differential amplification circuit, becomes the dotted line si in Fig. 5, and the rotation speed reaches the set value (in this example, 1000 per minute). ~YOOθ rotation), the dotted line 51 increases, and as it descends, it decreases.

One terminal input of operational amplifier qa, qb is connected to operational amplifier/
It becomes the output of q, and the input of the child terminal is B.

Since the voltage at point A is the voltage at point F, the voltage at point F is the voltage at point S.
The curve belief α of the time chart FゎE in the figure.

s! ;b,... The width of these curves is lko0
It is a degree.

This is what has become.

The outputs of terminals IOA and 10α are shown in Fig. 9 (
Since it is input to CJ terminals 3911 and 1777α, the armature coils Sα, 50 and ! ;h,! ;d is
Curve 5111 inch hl... and curve Ma, st
The electrical angles corresponding to the widths b, 2nd, . . . are alternately energized.

At startup, the input voltage of one terminal of operational amplifiers 9α and 9b is at ground level, so terminals IO & , 10
During the output of b, the angle is 110 degrees. Therefore, there is an effect that the start-up by the above-mentioned fugging torque is ensured.

Furthermore, when the speed increases and exceeds the set speed, the height of the dotted line 5/ in Fig. S increases, resulting in a curve 5Sα.

ssb, ... and 56 g, j4 h, second,
Since the width of ... rapidly decreases and the average value of the output torque decreases, it has the characteristic that constant speed control can be performed.

By changing the reference voltage of the terminal /, the rotation speed of constant speed control can be changed freely.

In FIG. 9 (α), the time constant of the rotational speed detection signal is small because a sample and hold circuit is used, resulting in good response.

But if you don't need fast response.

A back electromotive force detection circuit using the transistor lI3 of FIG. 9(1) is also provided on the armature coil 5a jc side, and the voltages on both sides are smoothed by a capacitor, and the operational amplifier/lI of FIG. 9(α) is The object of the present invention can also be achieved by inputting a child terminal.

Next, referring to FIG. 3, the reason why the efficiency of the apparatus of the present invention is significantly increased compared to a general l-phase electric motor will be explained.

Figure 3 shows the magnetism ba, t, of a part of magnet rotation +6.
, b, Ot d and the salient pole IIa opposite thereto.

A developed view of the armature coil 5a is shown.

A drawing is shown in which the salient pole Qa directly faces the magnetic pole Oα. Considering the case where the armature coiler α is energized and excited to the N pole, and the magnetic pole 6α rotates in the direction of arrow Y, the magnetic pole 6
The magnetic flux due to α is indicated by the arrow, ? The direction of the magnetic flux due to the armature coil Sα is indicated by the arrow, ? The direction is opposite to that of the arrow, and as the current is turned on, the arrow rapidly moves, ? Since the magnetic flux in the direction C decreases, a large back electromotive force is generated, and the armature current
An excessive current is suppressed at the rising edge at the left end of curve 39a in the figure. Therefore, although the field magnetic field in this portion is zero or small and the output torque is also small, the Joule loss is also small and does not have a large effect on efficiency.

Next, while the magnet rotor 6 rotates 90 degrees (q degrees in mechanical angle) in the direction of the arrow Y, the arrow ? The magnetic flux in the direction of Y decreases to zero.

Also, during this time, the arrow by armature coil 5α, ? The magnetic flux in the opposite direction to - is almost constant, so the resultant field is the arrow, ? The counter electromotive force increases gradually in the opposite direction,
The back electromotive force increases the most when rotated by qo degrees. That is, the rate of change in the magnitude of the magnetic flux passing through the armature coil Sα with respect to time becomes large. Therefore, the armature current is
The low value is at the center of curve 59g in FIG.

At the time of the next rotation of qo degrees, at the beginning, the magnetic pole i,
d (s pole), arrow 3. ? The magnetic flux in the direction of the salient pole α
This direction coincides with the magnetic flux due to the armature coil multi-α, so the rate of change of the composite magnetic flux with respect to time is the maximum, the back electromotive force is also the maximum value, the armature current is also the minimum value, and Efficiency is also maximized. This point is in contact with a point slightly to the right of the center of the curve 59α in FIG.

When magnet rotation +6 rotates further, arrow 3, ? The magnetic flux caused by the magnetic pole Ad rapidly increases and the magnetic core approaches saturation, so the induction constant rapidly approaches zero and the inductance rapidly decreases. According to actual measurements, the inductance is 3 millihenries at the left end of the curve sqa, and about a left millihenry at the right end. However, this applies to a motor with an input of about 1 watt to 1 watt. Therefore, the back electromotive force also decreases rapidly and the armature current increases rapidly. Furthermore, since the magnetic energy, which is proportional to the inductance, also decreases rapidly, the released magnetic energy results in an increase in the armature current. Therefore,
As shown at the right end of curve 5911 in the diagram, the armature current increases rapidly and is cut off when the armature rotates by 1 KO degree.According to actual measurements, the peak value at this time is equal to the starting current. The values are almost the same.

In this vicinity, the field magnetic field is small or zero, so there is almost no output torque and the ineffective Joule loss rapidly increases.

The situation is exactly the same for the other magnetic poles 4Ib, 4C, and 4Id.

As the magnet rotor 6 rotates, the armature current has a curve similar to the curve sqa in FIG.

Assuming that the electric motor rotates at 3000 revolutions per minute, q curves 59α, etc. are obtained for each revolution, so every minute! 2000
The energization shown by the curves 59α, . . . is performed.

Expressed in an extreme way, this fact can be expressed as 1,000 units per minute.
It should be understood that this results in a DC motor that is repeatedly started, which is the main cause of deterioration in efficiency.

To eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, straight line 6 (7(l
The optimal means is to stop the armature current at the point indicated by . That is, it is preferable to cut off the current at the point indicated by the dotted line 60C. Further, for the reason mentioned above, even in the initial stage of energization, the energization is cut off to the point of the straight line /, Od. Since the torque to the left of the straight line 60d is small, the effect on efficiency is small.

A dotted line 60α is a curve at the start of energization.

As mentioned above, at the beginning and end of energization, 7
It is blocked by 0 degrees.

Due to the above-mentioned reasons, the efficiency can be increased to about 3% to 3%.

As shown in FIG. 9Cd), the armature filter α.

The object of the present invention can also be achieved by energizing I- by reciprocating the series or parallel connections of sh, second, and so on.

In FIG. 9Cd), transistors g, t a ,
p squirrel, resistance D, Q! d becomes a transistor bridge circuit together with the armature coil S.

When a high level signal is input to the terminal α, tube, the transistor Kenα is input through the inverting circuit.

qr b becomes conductive. When transistor q and α become conductive, transistor g and jd also become conductive, so armature coil 3
is energized to the right. Furthermore, when transistor q-b becomes conductive, transistor tt-sa also becomes conductive, so that armature coil S is energized to the left.

Next, terminal l! The details of the input signals α, +, rh will be explained with reference to FIG. 9(b).

In FIG. 9(h), the operational amplifier 21α, co/h is
Since the IJ is a near-width amplifier circuit, the output when facing the N and S poles of the Hall element can be obtained in proportion to the strength of the magnetic field. The voltage at point K is shown in the time chart in Figure 3) J
is only the positive part of the curve q9. Further, the voltage at one point becomes curve 50α, θb, . . . in time chart B.

The voltage at point K is shaped into a rectangular wave by an operational amplifier,
The output becomes the base current of the transistor 3Aα only during the pulse width of the rectangular wave by the constant current circuit 2g. The capacitor 3S is discharged with a constant current.

The symbol g is the reference voltage, which is the uniform voltage, and
is charged when transistor 3Ab is conductive.

At the same time as the power switch is turned on, a positive voltage is applied to the terminal 6/, but due to the motion circuit consisting of the resistor 6/h and the capacitor 4/+1, the monostable circuit 30 maintains the voltage for approximately 1 second of operation. The application of is delayed, so it does not operate during that time.

The analog switch 3, which is closed by the output pulse of the ridge stabilizing circuit 30, also remains open during that time.

Therefore, since the output of the operational amplifier is also held at a low level during that time, the output of the operational amplifiers 23a and 23b becomes a rectangular wave that is alternately output with a width of /;0 degrees. Terminal, 24Lα, ! The outputs of 41b are shown in Figure 7 (
d) is input to the terminal lIg b , <i, tα, so the armature filter is energized back and forth with an energization width of 1 gO degrees.

Therefore, it starts as a /phase motor. Similar to the previous embodiment, the cogging torque allows reliable activation.

After startup, an electrical signal from the monostable circuit 30 closes the analog switch 37 at the rise of a rectangular wave electrical signal via a differential circuit including three capacitors by the output of the operational amplifier 3α.

Also, when descending, via the monostable circuit 9 and the inverting circuit,
Since transistor 3A b is closed, capacitor 3! r
is charged to the standard voltage.

The output of the operational amplifier na is the time chin lister J in Figure 5.
Since Ab is temporarily made conductive, the capacitor 3S is charged and the voltage reaches the height of the arrow (shown in time chart G). In the next section of dotted line N5 (Dtvo degrees), the capacitor 3!r is discharged with a constant current by the transistor 3Aα, and its voltage drops to become as shown by the curve sb b.

``At the position of the hidden line P, the analog switch 37 is closed and the voltage of the capacitor 3S is sampled and held, so
The voltage across the capacitor 3g becomes a voltage proportional to the width of the zero-crossing point of the curve t9 in FIG. S, that is, the rotation speed. This voltage is divided by resistors 3g 11 +, 3g b,
This is the input to the ten terminal of operational amplifier 2B.

Since the reference voltage is input from terminal 27, differential amplification is performed.

The voltage at point H is shown by curve 57 in the type chart of FIG. As the rotational speed increases, the dotted line 5. The voltage increases as shown by f.

When the voltage of the curve 57 exceeds the set value, the output of the operational amplifier 2B is 1. rise rapidly. This voltage is shown in the time chart in FIG. 5), 4. Since they correspond to the straight line 51 of B, the curves ssa and ssh control the energization width of the armature coil j, as in the previous embodiment.

. . . and curves 56α, 56A, . . . are output from the terminal G in FIG. 1(b). The output of the terminal evaluation α is input to the terminal terminal α, lI, ? in FIG. 9(d).
Since the signal is inputted to b, the armature coil S is energized as required, and constant speed control with quick response is performed as in the previous embodiment.

In this embodiment, the width of the zero-crossing point of the curve A in time chart A in FIG. Counting clock pulses would accomplish the same purpose.

Next, the operation of the transistors 4/ and 4ff- in FIG. 0 will be explained.

The inputs to terminals '7/11 and 92a are shown in Figure 9 (α
) terminals //a and //b are output.

It is better to shape the output of the terminal l/α, //A into a rectangular wave and then input it to the terminal array lα and the terminal array α, but this is not always necessary.

Taking the energization curve 3qa in FIG. S as an example, the transistor pt
(, FIG. 9(0)) is conductive. However, the induced output during this period is in the opposite direction to the arrow T in FIG. 7(C), so the transistor becomes non-conductive. 1
．． When the current is controlled between the dotted lines 60d and 606 in Fig. 5, the overpower is stopped at the dotted line / and Oe, so the voltage due to the stored magnetic energy is in the direction of the arrow T. Therefore, armature coil Sα is connected via transistor +77.
The current is converted to energizing current 3e and is energized as indicated by dotted lines t, , Oa, which contributes to the output torque. transistor q
Since the voltage drop at / is small, most of the magnetic energy can be converted into output torque compared to the method using the Zener diode described above.

The situation is exactly the same with transistor Kuko, which has the effect of increasing efficiency by 3 to 3 points.

The functions of the transistors 4'A and 4(7) shown in FIG.

The input to the terminal α, lI7a is the terminal 2 α, 2. in FIG. 1(b). :The output is lb. There is an input from terminal prα, armature coil! is energized to the right, the input of terminal lI/, α causes transistor l
16 is in a conductive state, but the induction output is in the direction of the arrow, so it is not energized.

However, when the current is cut off at the final stage, the output voltage due to the stored magnetic energy is in the opposite direction to the arrow, so that the current is discharged through the transistor IIA. Since this contributes to the output torque, it has the same effect as the previous embodiment.

The situation is exactly the same for transistor DACs.

[Effect]

When the device of the present invention is used as a drive source for an axial fan with an input of about 1-2 watts, the efficiency is 53% higher than that of a conventional device of the same shape, which is 314th.
This has been improved to 4th place, noise has been reduced, and of course the heat generation of the electric motor itself has also been reduced, making it possible to increase the cooling effect. It is effective to apply the present invention to small-sized/induced motors in which copper loss accounts for a large portion of the loss. In addition, the magnetic energy stored in the armature coil can be effectively converted into output torque, further increasing efficiency! It has the effect of raising r1 rank.

In this type of general motor, a Zener diode is used to release the magnetic energy stored in the armature coil. Also, since this breakdown voltage needs to be greater than the power supply voltage, the present invention is advantageous compared to such means, in which most of the magnetic energy is dissipated inside the Zener diode, and the other part becomes a counter-torque. As mentioned above, this means has the special effect of converting most of the magnetic energy stored in the armature coil into useful torque;
This can further increase efficiency.

The device of the present invention is characterized in that the rotational speed detection means performs the following three functions.

First, at startup, the energization angle is set to tgo degrees to ensure startup by cogging torque.

Second, the energization angle is controlled by the rotational speed signal to increase efficiency.

Third, constant speed control with quick response is performed without loss.

When the armature coil is energized back and forth, the armature coil can be used. The armature coil of the 3-phase Y type has the effect of obtaining nearly twice the output torque compared to the same type of armature coil because 2 (vAL) cannot be used in the case of 3 salient poles. It is effective when applied to small electric motors of the order of 1.5 mm.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a front view of the device of the present invention with a magnetic core, Figure 2 is a developed view of the magnetic rotor and the salient poles of the fixed armature, and Figure 3 is the magnetic poles and salient poles of the magnetic rotor. FIG. . l...rotating shaft, c...ball bearing, J.
・・Cylindrical, gu /la, jib, 'l', hirod...
・Fixed armature and its salient poles, ! rg, sb, re-
. ! d,! ;... Armature coil, 6... Magnet rotor, ta, tb, e, Ad... magnetic pole, /J... mild steel cup, 7... Hall element,
gt, gb-...power supply voltage negative pole, D! 1, /2
b. IQ. /l, 9a, qh, 2/l, 21b, 2! ;,2
A, nLx. 3b... operational amplifier, /l, 2q, 30.
... Monostable circuit, /9. #, ,77,. 7g
...sample hold circuit, ,2g...constant current circuit, 3A a, ,jA h, 39゜lj
/), g/, 41J, gg, #5 b,
-,95d,'J,? , 46°tI7...transistor, /left, , 27. A/, g e・
...Reference voltage terminal.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a one-phase semiconductor motor consisting of a fixed armature equipped with a magnetic rotor and one salient pole (n = 2, 4, 6) spaced apart from each other at an equal pitch, a a first armature coil, a second armature coil, and the aforementioned magnet rotor which is magnetized to N and S magnetic poles so that different poles are adjacent to each other at an equal pitch, facing the armature coil; a single Hall element that is fixed to the fixed armature side facing the magnetic pole surface of the magnet rotor, detects the position of the rotor, and generates a position detection signal proportional to the strength of the magnetic field of the magnetic pole; , a self-starting means that uses cogging to self-start, a first position detection signal obtained when the Hall element faces a magnetic pole of one polarity, and N, S.
A second position detection signal obtained when the two magnetic poles face each other, a differentiation circuit that differentiates the position detection signal, and an electric signal that generates a small width electrical signal at the zero-crossing point of the output signal of the differentiation circuit. a rotational speed detection circuit that samples and holds the induced output generated in the non-energized armature coil using an electric signal obtained from the electric circuit; the output of the circuit is input to a non-inverting terminal, and a reference voltage is input to an inverting terminal The output of the operational amplifier is compared with the first and second position detection signals, and only the portion where the voltage of the latter is larger than the voltage of the former is detected as the first signal of the rectangular wave. , the first and second comparison circuits output as a second electrical signal, and the first electrical signal from the first comparison circuit is used as the base input of a transistor connected in series to the odd-numbered armature coil. conducts, the armature coil is energized, and the second electrical signal from the second comparison circuit is used as the base input of the transistor connected in series to the even-numbered armature coil. 1 characterized in that it is composed of an energization control circuit that energizes the child coil.
phase semiconductor motor. (2) In a one-phase semiconductor motor consisting of a magnetic rotor and a fixed armature with n salient poles spaced at equal pitches (n = 2, 4, 6), the a first armature coil, a second armature coil, and the aforementioned magnet rotor which is magnetized to N and S magnetic poles so that different poles are adjacent to each other at an equal pitch, facing the armature coil; a single Hall element that is fixed to the fixed armature side facing the magnetic pole surface of the magnet rotor, detects the position of the rotor, and generates a position detection signal proportional to the strength of the magnetic field of the magnetic pole; , a self-starting means that uses cogging to self-start, and a first position detection signal obtained when the Hall element is opposed to a pair of magnetic poles of the same polarity, and a first position detection signal obtained when the Hall element is opposed to another magnetic pole of a different polarity. a rotation speed detection circuit that obtains a rotation speed signal that is inversely proportional to the width of one of the first position detection signal sequences;
The third and fourth transistors non-invert the rotational speed signal obtained from the transistor bridge circuit that reciprocates and energizes the series or parallel connections of the first, second, ... armature coils, and the rotational speed detection circuit. The output of the operational amplifier is compared with the first and second position detection signals, and the voltage of the latter is the voltage of the former. first and second comparison circuits that output only the larger portion as first and second electrical signals of a rectangular wave, and a first electrical signal from the first comparison circuit as a base input of a first transistor; Second
an energization control circuit that uses the second electric signal from the comparison circuit as the base input of the second transistor to reciprocate and energize the series or parallel connection of the first, second, ... armature coils. A one-phase semiconductor motor characterized by: