JPS6256730A - Cooling and heating equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a cooling and heating equipment prominent in energy saving property by a method wherein a heating device, whose energy consumption in terms of primary energy upon warm-air heating is smaller, is used for heating. CONSTITUTION:A control sequence is accommodated in a controller 24. An electric source is put ON and the conversion of electricity and kerosene into primary energy as well as the value of air-conditioning load are inputted. An energy consumption, in terms of primary energy of a kerosene heat source warm-air heater 18 in which the value is not changed by indoor and outdoor conditions is calculated. Cooling or heating is selected; in case of cooling, the cooling operation is effected by a heat pump. In case of heating operation, the COP (coefficient of performance) of heating of the heat pump is calculated. Further, the energy consumption of the heat pump, in terms of the primary energy is calculated. Subsequently, when the level of oil is lower that a set level, the heat pump is put ON to effect heating by the heat pump and the warm-air heater 18 is put OFF. When the level of oil is higher than the set level, the energy consumptions of devices in terms of the primary energy that heat with the heat pump and with the warm-air heater 18 are compared; then, the heating operation is effected by a device having smaller value of energy consumption.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field]

This invention provides stable heating using two heat sources when cooling and heating a home, and compares the energy consumption in terms of primary energy between an electric heat pump and a kerosene or gas heat source hot air heater. , relates to a heating and cooling device that can be controlled to perform heating with a device that consumes less power.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, home air conditioners have been equipped with the Mitsubishi Housing Equipment Catalog (dated June 1, 1980) P for cooling, as shown in Figure 5.
Using an electric cooling-only machine as shown in 32,
For heating, a kerosene heat source hot air heater as shown in P. 32 of the same catalog was used, and these two devices were installed separately. In the cooling-only machine shown in FIG. 5, 1 is a compressor, 3 is an outdoor heat exchanger, 4 is an expansion mechanism, 5 is an outdoor fan, 6 is an outdoor unit, 7 is an indoor heat exchanger, 8 is an indoor fan, 9 The indoor unit 1-110 is composed of a heat pump control device, and the air passes through an indoor heat exchanger 7 to cool the room, and the heat acquired from the room is released into the outside air by the outdoor heat exchanger 3. do the action. 14 is a fan, 15 is an air intake pipe, 16 is a combustor fan, 17 is an exhaust gas outlet, 18 is a kerosene heat source hot air heater, 19 is a hot air heater control device, and 20 is a kerosene tank. be. In the operation of this kerosene heat source warm air heating @is, kerosene is burned in the combustor 11, and indoor air warmed here undergoes heat exchange in the heat exchanger 13 and is released into the room, thereby heating the room. These devices are controlled by temperature controllers that independently perform cooling by a refrigeration cycle operation and heating by a kerosene burner operation, as is well known, to perform indoor cooling and heating. In the conventional cooling and heating system configured as described above using a dedicated cooling unit and a kerosene heat source hot air heater, the cooling unit does not operate at all during heating, and only the kerosene heat source hot air heater is used for heating. During cooling, only dedicated cooling machines were used.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

As mentioned above, the conventional air conditioner and the kerosene heat source
b
As I was using only the L-heater, if the tank or cylinder ran out of fuel such as kerosene, which is unstable in supply, the heating would become impossible, and the heating would become impossible. - Even when heating with a pump air conditioner is cheaper, heating is performed with a kerosene heat source hot air heater, which is uneconomical.This invention solves the problems of the conventional ones as described above. It is an object of the present invention to provide an air-conditioning and heating system which is excellent in energy saving performance and does not interrupt heating due to running out of fuel.

[Means to solve problems] The air conditioning system according to the present invention includes a four-way valve and an outdoor air wet bulb temperature sensor disposed in an outdoor unit, a dry bulb temperature sensor disposed in an indoor unit, and a controller. [For use]

In this invention, by switching the four-way valve, the outdoor unit and the indoor unit function as an electric pump, and the signals of the outdoor air wet bulb temperature sensor and the indoor air dry bulb temperature sensor of the indoor unit are Con1
This controller calculates the eoP (coefficient of performance) primary energy consumption of the heat pump, the primary energy consumption*i of the kerosene or gas heat source heater, and calculates the heat pump, kerosene or gas heat source temperature. Performs 1-tal operation control of the wind heater.

【Example】

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the same parts as in FIG. 5 are given the same reference numerals and explained. In this Fig. 1, the parts other than those indicated by 2, 2] to 24 are the same as Fig. 5, and include an electric heat pump for cooling, the same pump for heating, and a kerosene heat source hot air heater 8. ! ] 8 is set to Off. The heat pump consists of a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2 an outdoor heat exchanger 3,
An outdoor unit 6 including an expansion mechanism 4, an outdoor fan 5, etc.
, an indoor unit 1-9 having an indoor heat exchanger 7, an indoor fan 8, etc., and a heat pump controller 10 that performs minor control of these. Kerosene heat source hot air heating 8!18 is a combustor 1 that uses kerosene as a heat source
1. An oil pump 12 that pumps kerosene to this, a heat exchanger 13 that heats indoor air with the heat of the combustor 11, a fan 14 that sends air to this, and an air intake pipe that introduces outdoor air into the combustor 11. 15, a combustor fan 16, an exhaust gas outlet 17, and a hot air heater control device 19 that performs minor control of these. In order to supply kerosene to this kerosene heat source hot air heater 18,
An external kerosene tank 20 is connected, and an oil pump 12 pumps kerosene to the combustor. This kerosene tank 20 is provided with an oil level sensor 2. The oil level sensor 21 detects the level of kerosene in the kerosene tank 20, and its detection output is sent to the controller 24. The output of the hot air heater control device 19 is also input to this controller 24 . In addition, a temperature sensor 2 is provided at the suction port of the indoor unit 9.
2 is provided. This temperature sensor 22 detects the indoor air dry bulb temperature, and its detection output is also sent to the controller 24. Furthermore, a temperature sensor 23 is also provided at the suction port of the outdoor unit 6. This temperature sensor 23 detects the outdoor air wet bulb temperature and sends its detection output to the controller 24. The controller 24 controls these hot air heater control devices 19
, oil level sensor 21, and temperature sensors 22, 23, the air conditioning system is controlled in total. The operation of the embodiment configured as described above will be explained with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 2. Note that the control sequence shown in FIG. 2 is stored inside the controller 24. First, in step S1 of FIG. 2, the t source is turned on, and then in step S2, the negative energy conversion values of electricity and kerosene (by time of day for electricity) and the value of the air conditioning load are input. 1. Changing the primary energy equivalent value depending on the time of day.
This is because this value is different depending on whether the primary energy used for power generation is crude oil or nuclear power, so the equivalent value of electrical no-primary energy will be different during the day and at night. Once this value is entered, it is stored in memory until it is entered again. For example, for electricity, if the power generation efficiency using normal crude oil is 0351, the power consumption of IKWh is 860K Cal / KWhX (110,35)
= 2450K Cal / KWh. In other words, the primary energy equivalent value of electricity is 2450K Cal
/ K Nh. In addition, in the case of kerosene, the lower calorific value per liter is 8
Since it is 240KC&+, the primary energy equivalent value of kerosene is 8240 KCal/liter. Next, in step S3, the energy consumption in terms of primary energy of the kerosene heat source hot air heater 18, which does not change depending on indoor and outdoor conditions, is calculated using the following equation (1). S E CH Energy consumption per unit time This is the energy consumption of the heat source hot air heater in terms of primary energy. In the next step S4, a selection is made between cooling and heating, and in the case of cooling, the process moves to step S5, where the heat pump performs cooling operation. When performing cooling operation with this heat pump, the hot air heater is turned off (step 3) 2) I, and when the cooling operation is completed (step 3) 3), the power is turned off in step S4).
If cooling is to continue, the process returns from step 3) to step S5. In step S4, in the case of heating operation, the process moves from step S4 to step S6, and in step S6, the heating COP (coefficient of performance) of the heat pump is calculated using the following equation (2). Heating Co P= f (T o , T i ),
, , , , , (21 Here, To is the outdoor air wet bulb temperature Ti is the indoor air dry bulb temperature. The function f (To, Ti) of this equation (2) has the characteristics shown in Figure 3. This is obtained by formulating the curve. In this Figure 3, the horizontal axis represents the indoor air dry bulb temperature ['CWB], and the vertical axis represents COP. Furthermore, in FIG. 2, in step S7, the energy consumption of the heat pump in terms of primary energy is calculated using the following equation (3). S E HP - Air conditioning load / COP × Electrical primary energy conversion value (3) Next, if the oil level is lower than the setting in step S8, step S9
The heat pump is turned on to perform heating by the heat pump, and the kerosene heat source hot air heater 18 is turned off in step S15. When the heating operation by the heat pump is completed (step 516), the power is turned off in step 3)5, and if the heating operation by the heat pump is to be continued, the process returns from step 3)6 to step S6. In addition, in step S8, if the oil level is higher than the setting, the process moves from step S8 to step 3)0, and the energy consumption in terms of primary energy of heating by the heat pump and heating by the hot air heater is compared. , and perform TIs using the device with the smaller value. In this case, if the heating operation using the heat pump is cheaper, the process moves to step S9 and the heating operation using the heat pump is performed as described above. Also, in step SIO, the kerosene heat source hot air heater 1
If the heating operation according to No. 8 is cheaper, the kerosene heat source hot air heater 18 is turned on in step Sll, the heating operation using the heat pump is turned off in step 817, and the heating operation using the kerosene heat source hot air heater 18 is turned on in step Sll. The heating operation continues, and when the heating operation ends (step 516), the power is turned off in steps 3) and 4. By the way, the heating operation by the warm air heater 12, that is,
When the heating operation is performed using the kerosene heat source hot air heating 8118, kerosene is consumed, so the curved surface of the oil in the kerosene tank 20 lowers. When the position of this curved surface falls below a certain set value, the controller 24 receives a signal from the oil level sensor 21 in step S8.
For example, the operation of the kerosene heat source warm air heater 18 is stopped, and heating is forcibly switched to heating using a heat pump, which is an electric heat source. Control is maintained in this state until kerosene is replenished into the kerosene tank 20, and when the kerosene is replenished and the curved surface level becomes higher than the setting, the process goes from step 3)7 to step S16 and then to step S6 again. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of a second embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the indoor unit 1-9 of the heat pump and the kerosene heat source hot air heater 18 are integrated, and the other configurations and functions are the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 above. In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 4, a kerosene heat source hot air heater that uses kerosene as fuel is explained, and f and - are also expressed as −-order energy conversion for a gas-fueled hot air heater. In exactly the same way, it is sufficient to calculate the energy consumption amount of .

【Effect of the invention】

As explained above, in this invention, an air-conditioning and heating system that can perform the functions of an electric toto pump and a hot-air heater using oil or gas as a heat source for IJF is used, and the primary energy equivalent during wind heating is By using the heating device that consumes less energy, this will prevent heating from becoming impossible due to unstable supply of kerosene or gas, and reduce the primary energy consumption of the two devices. Energy consumption is calculated and compared, and the device with the smaller value is operated, resulting in excellent energy savings. Furthermore, since the primary energy equivalent value of power consumption is changed for each time period, accurate comparison of energy consumption can be made.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the air conditioning system according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the operational control flow of the air conditioning system according to the invention, and Fig. 3 is a characteristic of the COP of the heat pump in the air conditioning system according to the invention. 4 are block diagrams showing a heating and cooling device according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a conventional cooling-only device. 1 pressure m machine, 2 four-way valve, 3 - outdoor heat exchanger, 4 expansion mechanism, 6 outdoor unit, 7 indoor heat exchanger, 9 indoor unit, 10 heat pump control device, 1] - combustor, 12 - oil pump, 13. Heat exchanger, 18 Kerosene heater control device, 19. Warm air heater control device, 20 Kerosene tank, 21 Oil level sensor, 22, 23 Temperature sensor, 24 Controller 1-Roller. Note that the same reference numerals in the figures indicate the same or equivalent parts. Agent Masuo Oiwa (and 2 others) Figure 2 Figure 3 Indoor air wet bulb temperature

Claims (7)

[Claims] (1) An outdoor unit that includes a compressor, a four-way valve, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion mechanism, a first temperature sensor installed at the suction port that detects the indoor air wet bulb temperature, and a heat pump control device that performs minor control of these. , an indoor unit that has an indoor heat exchanger and a second temperature sensor that detects the indoor air dry bulb temperature and constitutes a heat pump air conditioner together with the outdoor unit; a combustor that uses kerosene or gas as a heat source; A hot air heater that has a heat exchanger that heats indoor air using the heat of the air heater, and a hot air heater control device that performs minor control of these, and the amount of kerosene or gas that can be supplied to this hot air heater. A detection means for detecting the heat pump air conditioner and the hot air heater by inputting the outputs of the detection means and the first and second temperature sensors to control the heat pump control device and the hot air heater control device. A heating and cooling system consisting of a controller that provides total control. (2) The controller calculates the heating performance coefficient of the heat pump by inputting the outdoor air wet bulb temperature detected by the first temperature sensor and the indoor air dry bulb temperature detected by the second temperature sensor, and calculates the heating performance coefficient of the heat pump. Calculate the energy consumption in terms of primary energy by calculating the amount of electricity consumed per unit, and calculate the energy consumption in terms of primary energy from the electricity consumption of the hot air heater and the consumption of kerosene or gas in the same way as in the case of heat pumps. is determined by calculation, the two energy consumption amounts are compared, and control is performed to operate the heat pump type air conditioner or hot air heater which consumes less energy in terms of primary energy. The heating and cooling device according to item 1. (3) The controller calculates the energy consumption in terms of primary energy of the heat pump, (energy consumption in terms of primary energy of heat pump) = (air conditioning load) / (
The heating and cooling device according to claim 2, characterized in that the heating and cooling device is operated using the formula: (coefficient of performance)×(converted value of primary energy of electricity). (4) In order to calculate the heating and cooling performance coefficient of the heat pump, the controller calculates (heating performance coefficient) = f (To, Ti
), (where To is the outdoor air wet-bulb temperature and Ti is the indoor air dry-bulb temperature) is determined in advance based on the indoor air dry-bulb temperature and the outdoor air dry-bulb temperature, and this is stored as master data in the storage device. The heating and cooling device according to claim 2, wherein the heating and cooling device is capable of storing the following information. (5) The controller calculates the energy consumption of the hot air heater in terms of primary energy, (the energy consumption of the hot air heater in terms of primary energy) = (power consumption per unit time) x ( Primary energy conversion value of electricity) + (air conditioning load per unit time) / (efficiency x lower heating value) x
(Primary energy equivalent value of kerosene or gas). (6) The controller uses the formula used to calculate the primary energy conversion value of electricity and kerosene or gas: (heat pump primary energy conversion value) = (air conditioning load) / (coefficient of performance) x (electricity primary energy conversion value) value) and (energy consumption converted into primary energy of hot air heater) = (power consumption per unit time) x (value converted into primary energy of electricity)
+ (air conditioning load per unit time) / (efficiency x lower calorific value) x (kerosene or gas primary energy conversion value) Electricity and kerosene or gas primary energy conversion value can be stored in the memory as master data. The heating and cooling device according to claim 3 or 5. (7) The heating and cooling device according to claim 2, wherein the controller is capable of switching the primary energy conversion value of electricity depending on a predetermined time period.