JPS6255072B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides an apparatus for the heat treatment of solid materials, in particular comprising a rotatable support and a plurality of segmented grate wheels disposed on the support forming an annular moving grate; The present invention relates to an apparatus for calcining, sintering, pelletizing and similar heat treatments, in which the grate wheel is tiltable about an axis in the conveying plane of a moving grate for the purpose of discharging solid material.

Known devices of this type (German Publication No.
No. 1608018), the individual grate wheels are fixed to an external annular support driven by drive rollers. To empty the grate car, the grate car is tilted downwards by lowering the internal running rails. However, problems arise in evacuation, thermal expansion and actuation.

That is, in large-scale plants, driving via an external annular support requires complicated and time-consuming design due to the large diameter of the support and its required rigidity. Anchoring of the grate wheels in external supports necessitates undesirably large dimensions of the circumferential expansion gap, since radial expansion reduces the circumferential expansion gap between the two grate wheels. There is. Also, the emissions from inside the individual grate wheels are not satisfactory.
The grate wheel must be lowered over its entire length and raised again through a long sweeping distance. Since the angle of inclination is limited by friction and strength, a long evacuation path is required. Therefore, the reactive surface of the process will be lost. Additionally, all the material slides down the inside sides of the grate wheel, causing significant wear and tear.

Additionally, various other solid material heat treatment apparatuses are known. This includes belt-type sintering equipment, which comprises a steel structure in which a number of grate wheels forming a moving grate in the form of a continuous belt are guided on running rails with the help of a lifting mechanism. . However, belt sintering devices of this type have the disadvantage that only about 40% of the grate surface is used as reaction surface, and 60% of the grate surface runs unused. In a combustion device with a short distance, the ratio of the reaction surface to the wasted surface becomes even larger, which is undesirable. Another disadvantage of this belt sintering apparatus is due to the fact that as the length and width increase and the associated speed of the belt increases, significant wear and tear occurs. For example, a belt sintering device with an effective suction surface of 500 m ² and a grate wheel width of 5 m is operated at a speed of 10 m/min for sintering ore during a sintering period of 10 minutes.

Furthermore, circular sintering devices are known in which the annular grate surface moves on horizontally and concentrically arranged running rails. In this case, approximately 80-85 of the total grate surface
% can be used for heat treatment of solid materials. However, these circular sintering devices have three basic structural features, namely circular hearth drive, thermal expansion regulation, and evacuation, all of which cannot be satisfactorily addressed by known circular hearth designs. Conventionally, its uses were limited,
It was used only for special purposes.

Pelletizing combustion devices are also known which consist of a circular hearth with a water-cooled closed grate surface. Evacuation from this grate is carried out by means of a bucket excavator. As a result, the grinding produces fine substances that block the gas passage holes between the grate bars and affect the progress of the process. This water-cooled pelletizing combustion equipment requires a large amount of cooling water, and the transportation of the cooling water, the supply and discharge of the cooling water, the treatment of the cooling water, and the re-cooling of the cooling water cause high costs. , which is not interesting from the point of view of economical processing of bulk solid materials, especially fine-grained iron ore.

Drive, evacuation, and thermal expansion problems have not been satisfactorily solved in known circular hearth designs.

The object of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages of the known devices and to ensure a better solution of the thermal expansion problem and at the same time a problem-free evacuation of the grate wheel, a favorable arrangement of the drive of the mobile grate, as defined at the outset. The objective is to provide a device that

According to the invention, the object consists of a rotatable support and a number of segmented grate wheels which are tiltably mounted on the support and form an annular moving grate, each grate wheel being a solid body. It is tiltable about an axis passing through the conveying surface of the moving grate for material discharge, and the support 1 is arranged only inside the ring of the moving grate, and the grate wheel 3 moves annularly on its inner end side. attached to said support 1 so as to be tiltable about a radially extending axis of the grate;
This is achieved by a solid material heat treatment apparatus characterized in that its outer end is supported by support rollers 7 on a fixed guide path 8 provided outside the ring of the movable grate.

A running roller R running on a rail S disposed inside the ring of the movable grate is provided on the support body,
Preferably, it is driven by drive means 21, 22 arranged inside the ring of the annular moving grate.

The device according to the invention provides the following advantages:

That is, the annular support arranged on the inside of the device according to the invention is smaller and easier to construct than the one arranged on the outside, which makes it easier to use a friction drive or to use an annular support. It is also possible to use forced direct drive via a shaft on the central axis.

Thermal expansion can be more easily controlled by mounting the grate wheel inside the grate ring than by mounting it outside.

The device according to the invention is therefore also more efficient in terms of expansion conditions than the known one. Due to the mounting inside the ring of grate wheels, the radial expansion gap between the individual grate wheels can be widened as desired. The expansion gap can therefore be made smaller in size.

A major advantage is the simple evacuation of the individual grate wheels around the radial longitudinal axis of the grate wheels. Since the center of gravity axis of the grate wheel substantially coincides with the above-mentioned axis, it is possible to discharge with a small force by simply tilting the grate wheel around the center of gravity axis without turning or lifting it. Furthermore, since only half of the length of the grate wheel needs to be tilted upward and downward at the same time, the discharge path is very short. The short evacuation path further improves the reaction surface to total surface ratio.

The stability of the device according to the invention can be increased by designing the annular or disc-shaped support as a box-shaped cross-section or as a skeleton.

The provision of guide rollers and guide links as means for tilting the grate wheel results in a particularly simple design of the tilting means.

In order to quickly return the grate wheel to its filling position, it is preferable to provide a return stop for returning the grate wheel from its tilted position.

In order to carry out the tilting operation partially or completely, it is particularly advantageous for the tilting means to consist of a pressure piston.

A particularly advantageous variant of the invention, taking into account the particular kinematics of the moving grate, is that the support pins provided inside the ring of the moving grate are mounted by means of telescopic bearings and pendulum bearings that prevent movement in the circumferential direction. There are certain characteristics.

When the tilting axis of the grate wheel is at the center of the grate wheel,
A particularly energy-saving tilting and restoring movement of the grate wheel is possible.

Problems with thermal expansion in a moving grate are easily overcome by providing the grate wheel with edge bars that form a circumferentially covered expansion gap.

Good sealing of the grate surface edges is achieved by providing labyrinth seals or resilient sealing bars between the individual grate wheels around their inner and outer peripheries.

In some cases, mechanical seals may be provided on the grate wheels to seal against the hood and air box;
It is particularly preferred if the mechanical seal is pressed against the sealing point by a spring-loaded membrane.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The illustrated apparatus for heat treatment of solid materials, in particular a combustion apparatus for calcining, calcining, pelletizing and similar heat treatments, comprises a rotatable support 1 supported on rails S and running rollers R (see FIG. 3). , consisting of a plurality of segmented grate wheels 3 arranged on a support and forming an annular moving grate 2, which grate wheels 3 rotate around an axis 5 in the conveying plane of the moving grate 2 for material discharge. It can be tilted. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the apparatus of the present invention taken along line A-A in FIG.
8 shows the grate wheel 3 in a horizontal position, and on the right the grate wheel 3 tilted into a vertical position for evacuation, while in the center of this figure is the installation and grate wheel or movement inside the grate axle. 1 schematically shows a grate drive;

According to the invention, the grate wheel 3 is tiltable in the direction of rotation of the rotatable support 1 about a radially extending axis 5 of the annular moving grate 2; A support roller 7 having a support pin 6 mounted on a rotatable annular or disk-shaped support 1 or 1a on the inside of the ring and guided on a guide path 8 (see FIG. 3) on the outside of the ring. have.
The annular or disk-shaped support 1, 1a is designed as a box-shaped cross-section or as a skeleton. Guide rollers 9 and guide links 10 are provided as tilting means for the grate wheel 3 (see especially FIG. 2). In order to return the grate wheel 3 from its tilted position, a return stop 11 is provided (Fig. 2,
(See Figure 3). For the tilting movement, the tilting means may be constituted by a pressure piston (not shown). Support pin 6 provided inside the ring of the movable grate 2
may be mounted using a pendulum bearing 12 and a telescopic bearing 13 that prevents movement in the circumferential direction (FIG. 3). Preferably, the tilting axis 5 of the grate wheel 3 passes through the center of the grate wheel. Furthermore, the grate wheel 3 includes edge bars 14, 14a forming a covered expansion gap D in the circumferential direction.
Between the individual grates there are labyrinth seals 15 or elastic seal bars 1 around their inner and outer peripheries.
6 may be provided. In addition, mechanical seal 19
is provided on the grate 3 for sealing against the hood 17 and the air box 18, and a mechanical seal is provided on the spring-loaded membrane 2.
0 (FIG. 3) may be applied to the sealing point.

Bearing 12 is a pendulum bearing. The bearing 13 of the pin 6 is a telescopic bearing that prevents movement only in the circumferential direction. The individual grate wheels 3 are therefore associated with the rotational movement of the annular support 1 and, in small plants, with the rotational movement of the disc-shaped support 1a.

The drive is provided by a friction wheel drive 21 or by a low tooth unit or by a gear ring 22.

In the horizontal position, all grate cars 3 cooperate to form a closed moving grate 2.

In the discharge area, each grate wheel 3 is tilted by a guide roller 9 about an axis 5 passing through a pin 6 and a support roller 7 and returned to a horizontal position by a return stop 11.

In the loading area, the horizontal position of the grate is grate rod 1.
4, as well as by the guide rollers 9 and the links 10. This overlap of the grate bars also covers the required expansion gap in the circumferential direction, so
No material falls through the expansion gap.

The inner and outer gaps between the grate wheel bodies are sealed by elastic seal bars 16 or labyrinth seals 15.

A seal, preferably a mechanical seal 19, is provided between the grate wheel 3 and the hood 17 and the blower box 18.
are provided and are pressed against each other by an elastic membrane 20.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of the device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the grate wheel as viewed from the direction of arrow B in FIG. A-
A schematic cross-sectional view along line A, FIG. 4 is a detailed side view of a plurality of grate wheels including a slightly tilted grate wheel, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are views taken from the direction of arrow X in FIG. 4, respectively. It is a top view which shows the modification of the grate wheel. 1, 1a...Support, 2...Moving grate, 3...
...Grate wheel, 5...Tilt axis, 6...Support pin, 7
...Support roller, 9...Guide roller, 10...
Guide link, 11... Return stop, 12... Pendulum bearing, 13... Telescopic bearing, 15... Labyrinth seal, 17... Hood, 18... Air blow box.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 Consisting of a rotatable support and a number of segmented grate wheels tiltably attached to the support and forming an annular moving grate, each grate wheel discharging solid material. Therefore, the supporting body 1 is arranged only inside the ring of the movable grate, and the grate wheel 3 extends its inner end side to the ring of the annular movable grate. It is attached to the support 1 so as to be tiltable about an axis extending in the radial direction, and its outer end is placed on a fixed guide path 8 provided outside the ring of the movable grate by means of a support roller 7. A solid material heat treatment apparatus characterized in that the solid material heat treatment apparatus is supported. 2. The support body is provided with a running roller R running on a rail S disposed inside the ring of the movable grate, and is driven by driving means 21 and 22 disposed inside the ring of the annular movable grate. An apparatus according to claim 1. 3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the supports 1, 1a are ring-shaped or disk-shaped and designed with a box-shaped cross section or a framework. 4. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the guide roller 9 and the guide link 10 are provided as tilting means for the grate wheel 3. 5. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is provided with a return stopper 11 for returning the grate wheel from its tilted position. 6. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the tilting means comprises a pressure piston. 7 Support pin 6 provided inside the movable grate ring
7. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device is mounted by a telescopic bearing 13 and a pendulum bearing, which stop movement in the circumferential direction. 8. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the tilting axis 5 of the grate wheel 3 passes through the center of the grate wheel. 9. Claims 1 to 8 in which the grate wheel includes an edge bar 14 forming a circumferential covered expansion distance D.
Apparatus according to any one of paragraphs. 10. Labyrinth sheets 15 or elastic seal bars 16 are provided between the individual grate wheels 3 on their inner and outer peripheries.
9. The device according to any one of Items 9 to 9. 11. A mechanical seal 19 is provided on the grate wheel 3 for sealing the grate wheel against the hood 17 and the air box 18, the mechanical seal being pressed to the sealing point by a spring-actuated membrane 20. The device according to any one of items 1 to 10.