JPS6251052B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a protective relay device for protecting an electric power system, and more particularly to an improvement of a protective relay device equipped with constant monitoring means and automatic inspection means.

In general, protective relay devices that protect power systems are
Naturally, it is necessary to be inactive at all times and to operate correctly when a system fault occurs. Therefore, in a normal state in which the relay input does not reach its operating level, the constant monitoring means monitors whether the relay is malfunctioning. On the other hand, whether or not the relay operates correctly when the relay input is at or above the operating level is checked by automatically checking at regular intervals by applying a check input that is at or above the operating level. Recently, it has become common practice to provide devices with both such constant monitoring means and automatic inspection means in order to improve the reliability of protective relay devices.

Further, in a digital protective relay device constructed using a digital processing unit, it is possible to identify a defective part by constantly monitoring the relay determination processing section using a self-diagnosis function. However, since the amount of electricity in the power system is constantly changing, it is difficult to monitor the input circuit strictly for each input, for example, for three-phase input. Methods such as monitoring relative magnitude and phase are commonly employed. Therefore, regarding this three-phase input, even if a defect occurs through constant monitoring, it is difficult to identify which part of the input circuit is defective.

On the other hand, conventionally, when a defect in the device is detected by the constant monitoring means, the defect is displayed by the constant monitoring and inspection of the entire device is locked or tripped. When performing maintenance, it is necessary to constantly monitor and inspect the entire relay circuit that is showing a defect.

However, with the conventional automatic monitoring method described above, in products such as digital protective relay devices where multiple relay elements are housed in the same hardware, failures are detected by constant monitoring of individual relay elements. Displays have little meaning, and when a defect occurs due to constant monitoring, it is necessary to inspect the entire device, which is a major problem in terms of general maintenance.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and its object is to provide a protective relay device equipped with constant monitoring means and automatic inspection means. By being able to clearly identify equipment failures, it is not only possible to quickly and easily deal with malfunctions in the equipment, making maintenance and operation of the equipment extremely easy, but also making it possible to continue protecting the equipment using sound circuits. The purpose is to provide a protective relay device that can

A first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows in block form an example of the configuration of a protective relay device according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, a first relay 1, the details of which will be described later, inputs a plurality of relay inputs R _o and makes a relay determination, and when it is determined to be "operating", outputs the operation output to a first relay output 2. It is sent as . The second relay 3 is a fail-safe relay provided to prevent mistrip even if the first relay 1 malfunctions, and has the same relay input _Ro as the first relay 1.
is input to perform a relay determination, and when it is determined that "operation" is performed, the operation output is sent out as the second relay output 4. In addition, the tripping circuit 5
inputs the first relay output 2 and the second relay output 4, and when both of the two inputs indicate "operation", outputs a trip command T _p for a disconnector (not shown), and also outputs a trip command T p for a disconnector (not shown). When only one input shows “operation” for a certain period of time or more, the mismatch detection output 6
is output to the circuit 7 at all times. in this case,
The mismatch detection output 6 is also output when a contact or the like in the tripping circuit 5 becomes abnormal, and is constantly monitored by the monitoring circuit 7. On the other hand, in the above, the first relay 1 not only performs relay determination but also constantly monitors for defects and outputs the first defect detection output 8 to the above-mentioned constant monitoring circuit when the defect is detected.
Similarly, when a defect is detected in the second relay 3, a second defect detection output 9 is outputted to the constant monitoring circuit 7.

The constant monitoring circuit 7 sends the monitored failure output 10 to the inspection circuit 11 when at least one input of the mismatch detection output 6, the first failure detection output 8, and the second failure detection output 9 is applied. This is what is output. Next, when the inspection circuit 11 receives this monitoring failure output 10, it outputs an inspection command 12 and an inspection input 13 to the first relay 1 and the second relay 3. Furthermore, this inspection circuit 11 is configured to automatically send out an inspection command 12 and an inspection input 13 at fixed intervals (for example, once a day) regardless of the presence or absence of the output signal 10 from the constant monitoring circuit 7. are doing. On the other hand, when the first relay 1 sends out a defect through monitoring or receives the inspection command 12, it shifts from the relay determination execution process to the inspection process for identifying the defective location. In this inspection process, relay 1
The input to be taken in is switched from the relay input R _o to the inspection input 13 of known magnitude. Also, at this time, the first relay 1 indicates the state of the tripping circuit 5. The first contact monitoring output 14 is connected to the above tripping circuit 5.
Enter from. When a defective part is detected through this inspection process, the result of identifying the defective part is outputted to the display section 16 as a first defect signal 15. Furthermore, when the second relay 3 detects a defect through monitoring and when the inspection command 12 is input, it is exactly the same as the first relay 1, and the second contact monitoring is performed from the tripping circuit 5. An output 17 is input, and a second failure signal 18 is outputted to the display section 16 when an inspection failure occurs.
The display section 16 receives the first defective signal 15 and the second defective signal 18, and receives the first defective signal 15 and the second defective signal 18.
5 and 18 to clearly indicate the defective location. Note that in the above, the first relay 1 and the second relay 3 are configured using a digital arithmetic processing device.

Next, the operation of the protective relay device constructed as described above will be described with reference to FIG. Note that FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the first relay 1 in FIG. 1, and the same symbols in FIG. 2 as in FIG. 1 indicate the components in FIG. . First, in the first relay 1, a relay determination (F1) necessary for protection is performed using a signal obtained by analog/digital conversion of the relay input _Ro . As a result, when it is determined that it is "operating", the first relay output 2 is output. On the other hand, if it is determined that it is "non-operating", then the inspection command 12 is issued.
A determination (F2) is made as to the presence or absence of. As a result, if there is no inspection command 12, the process moves to the next step and constant monitoring is performed. The contents of this constant monitoring are well-known, such as monitoring whether the circuit inside the first relay 1 responds correctly and monitoring the magnitude of the relay input _Ro . Then, when it is determined that everything is "normal" as a result of this constant monitoring determination (F3), the process returns to the above-mentioned relay determination (F1). On the other hand, if it is detected that there is a defect as a result of the determination (F3), the first defect detection output 8 is output (F4). Then, it is output to the constant monitoring circuit 7 (F4). Then, the constant monitoring circuit 7 outputs a monitoring failure output 10 to the inspection circuit 11, which outputs an inspection command 12, which is detected and inspection processing (F5) is performed. In addition, in determining the presence or absence of inspection command 12 (F2), inspection command 1
Even if 2 is found, this inspection process (F5) is executed next. In this inspection process (F5), defective parts are detected by inspection, and the identification results are outputted to the display section 16 as the first defect signal 15, the details of which are as follows. That is, first, the internal circuit of the relay is inspected (F51). This inspection (F51) is performed in more detail than the internal circuit monitoring in the above-mentioned continuous monitoring. For example, in continuous monitoring, the area of the data memory that is actually used in relay judgment processing is not inspected, but other areas are inspected. Alternatively, this inspection (F51) inspects the area that will actually be used. If no "defective" is detected as a result of this inspection (F51), the process moves on to the next inspection, but if there is a "defective", the first defect signal 15 to that effect is output and the process moves on to the next inspection. . Then, by outputting the first defect signal 15, an internal circuit defect is displayed on the display section 16. In this case, _{the inspection of the first input (F521) is performed by switching the first relay input R 1 of} the plurality (n) of relay inputs Ro to inspection input 13, and Since the size of the check input 13 is known, by checking the size in a relay determination section (not shown) of the first relay 1, it can be checked whether the relay input _R1 is correctly taken in. As a result of the judgment, if "defective" is not sent out, the next inspection of the second input (F522) will proceed immediately, but if "defective" is detected, the first defect signal 15 to that effect is output, and the next The process moves on to inspection of the second input (F522), and a defective first input is displayed on the display section 16. below,
Through a similar process, the inspection is repeated for the number n of relay inputs _Ro . Next, when all the relay inputs _Ro have been inspected in this way, the tripping circuit is inspected (F53). In other words,
In this inspection (F53), the first relay output 2 as a simulated output is output from the first relay 1 to the tripping circuit 5, and the status of the contacts, etc. of the tripping circuit 5 is determined by the 5 as the first contact monitoring output 14, and based on this it is determined whether the tripping circuit 5 is "defective" or not. As a result, if it is detected that there is a "defective", the first defective signal 15 to that effect is output, the inspection process (F5) is completed, and this first defective signal 15 is output.
5, the display unit 16 displays that the tripping circuit 5 is defective. On the other hand, if no "defective" is detected in this inspection (F53), the inspection process (F5) is ended, and after this inspection process (F5) is finished, the process returns to the relay determination (F1). Also, at the end of this inspection process (F5),
The display unit 16 will display all the defects indicating the locations where the "defects" have occurred.

In the above, the operation of the first relay 1 was explained using FIG. 2, but the operation of the second relay 3 was also explained using the flowchart shown in FIG. 2 through the same process. Similarly, the defective location in the second relay 3 is also displayed on the display section 16.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a protective relay device according to the present invention.
Components that are the same as those in the figures are given the same reference numerals and their explanations will be omitted. In other words, the difference in FIG. 3 from FIG. 1 is that the first relay 1 and the second relay 3 are configured to monitor up to the respective contact circuits in the tripping circuit 5 during constant monitoring. be. In FIG. 3, the first relay 1 monitors the first contact monitoring output 14 output from the tripping circuit 5 in addition to the range of constant monitoring of the first relay 1 in FIG. Let's do it. Therefore, since the first relay 1 can monitor the entire range from the relay input R _o to the tripping circuit 5 through constant monitoring, a more detailed inspection can be carried out when a failure is detected through constant monitoring of the first relay 1. If you do this, you will be able to identify the defective location. Therefore, when the first relay 1 detects a defect through constant monitoring, it outputs the first defect detection output 8 to the inspection circuit 11 and moves to inspection processing. Thereby, when the inspection circuit 11 receives the first defect detection output 8, the first inspection input 13 is outputted to the first relay 1. Then, during the inspection of the first relay 1, a detailed inspection of the internal circuit and an inspection of each relay input _Ro using the first inspection input 13 are performed to identify defective parts. on the other hand,
Constant monitoring at the second relay 3 is also carried out by the first relay mentioned above.
This is exactly the same as the constant monitoring in relay 1 of
The tripping circuit 5 is monitored by the second contact monitoring output 1.
It can be increased by inputting 7. Further, the response when a defect is detected by constant monitoring is exactly the same as that of the first relay 1, and the second defect detection output 9 is output to the inspection circuit 11, and the second inspection input 132 is output from the inspection circuit 11. is input and processed in the same way.

The operation of the first relay 1 in the configuration shown in FIG. 3 described above is shown in the flowchart shown in FIG. 4. The difference from the process in FIG. 2 is that the inspection command is The only difference is that the presence/absence determination (F2) is not performed.

By the way, in the configuration of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3 described above, the inspection process when a defect is detected by constantly monitoring the first relay 1 and the inspection process when a defect is detected by constantly monitoring the second relay 3 are performed. performed independently of each other. Therefore, if both relays 1 and 3 simultaneously detect a defect through constant monitoring, it is possible that both relays 1 and 3 will undergo inspection processing, and if a system accident occurs in such a case, there will be no protection against it. will be delayed. Therefore, a third embodiment of the present invention, which can be applied to cases where the following problems arise, will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a protective relay device according to a third embodiment. That is, in FIG. 5, when the first defect detection output 8 is input, the inspection circuit 11 determines whether or not the second relay 3 is being inspected, and if it is not being inspected, it issues the first inspection command. 121 and a first inspection input 131 to the first relay 1. On the other hand, when the second relay 3 is being inspected, the two signals 121 and 131 are outputted after the inspection is completed. In this case, in the inspection circuit 11,
The determination of whether or not the second relay 3 is under inspection is made by determining whether or not the time required for inspection of the second relay 3 has passed after outputting the second inspection command 122. It is possible. Therefore, when the first relay 1 detects a defect through constant monitoring, it outputs the first defect detection output 8, determines whether or not there is a first inspection command 121, and if there is, the first relay 1 outputs the first defect detection output 8. The process moves to inspection processing, but if there is no inspection, the process returns to relay judgment and the relay judgment is continued until the first inspection command 121 is received. On the other hand, the response of the second relay 3 is also similar to that of the first relay 1 described above.
It is exactly the same as , and depending on whether or not there is a second inspection command 22 output from the inspection circuit 11, it is determined whether to move to inspection processing or continue relay determination. Note that the first
The operation of the relay 1 is shown in the flowchart of FIG. In FIG. 6, the only difference from the process in FIG. 4 is that after the output of the first defect detection output 8 (F4), the presence or absence of the first inspection command 121 is determined (F2'). be. In other words,
When there is a first inspection command 121, the inspection process (F5) is executed, but if there is no inspection process, it returns to relay judgment (F1) and continues to perform relay judgment (F1) and constant monitoring until the first inspection command 121 is input. The determination (F3) continues. Further, the operation of the second relay 3 is also similar to the flowchart shown in FIG. 6.

Therefore, with the embodiment configuration shown in FIG. 5, even if the first relay 1 and the second relay 3 simultaneously detect a defect through constant monitoring, only one of the relays will undergo the inspection process. Therefore, even if an accident occurs in the system, it is possible to reliably prevent protection from being delayed.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a protective relay device according to the present invention. In FIG. 7, the protection functions of the third relay 21 and the fourth relay 22 are similar to those of the first relay 1 and the second relay 3 in FIG. 1 described above, respectively.
In the figure, the third relay 21 has a relay input R _o
In addition to monitoring the internal circuit, the tripping circuit monitoring signal 23 output from the tripping circuit 5 is input to monitor the entire tripping circuit 5. When a defect in at least one of the parts related to the third relay 21 is detected in the relay input R _o , the internal circuit, and the tripping circuit 5, when the fourth relay 22 is not being inspected, , third inspection order 2
4 is output to the inspection input generation circuit 25, and inspection processing is performed. The contents of the inspection process in this case are the same as the inspection process (F5) shown in FIG. 2 described above. On the other hand, in the above case, when the fourth relay 22 is being inspected, the inspection process is not performed and the relay determination continues. Further, the inspection input generation circuit 25 outputs the first inspection input 131 when the third inspection command 24 is input. On the other hand, the fourth relay 22 monitors the relay input _Ro and the internal circuit, and when a defect is detected, an inspection request signal 26 is output to the third relay 21. The third relay 21 receives this inspection request signal 26
is input or the trip circuit monitoring signal 23
When a defect in the tripping circuit 5 related to the fourth relay 22 is detected, if the third relay 21 is not being inspected, a fourth inspection command 27 is sent to the fourth relay 22 and the inspection input generation circuit 25. and output it. Further, when the third relay 21 is being inspected, the above two signals are outputted after the inspection is completed. Furthermore, when the fourth inspection command 27 is input, the fourth relay 22 performs an inspection process similar to the inspection process (F5) shown in FIG. 2, but the difference is that the trip circuit 5 It only outputs the inspection output for the test and does not judge the inspection result. In this case, this determination is checked by the third relay 21 using the tripping circuit monitoring signal 23. Therefore, the fourth
The inspection processing result of the part related to the relay 22 is displayed on the display unit 16 by the first display signal 15 from the third relay 21. The response of the third relay 21 in the configuration shown in FIG. 7 described above is shown in the flowchart shown in FIG. 8. That is, when the relay determination (F1) in FIG. 8 determines that the relay is "inoperable", then the presence or absence of the constant monitoring and inspection request signal 26 is determined (F6). As a result, if no defect is detected by constant monitoring and there is no inspection request signal 26, the process returns to relay determination (F1). On the other hand, when a defect in the third relay 21 is detected by constant monitoring including the tripping circuit 5, the process moves to the next determination of whether to continue the inspection (F7), and a defect related to the fourth relay 22 in the tripping circuit 5 is detected. When detected and when there is an inspection request signal 26, the fourth inspection command 2
7 output (F8) is executed. In this case, if the fourth relay is being inspected by the inspection continuation judgment (F7), the process returns to relay judgment (F1), and if the fourth relay is not being inspected, the output of the third inspection command 24 (F9) is executed and the inspection processing ( F5). On the other hand, when the output of the fourth inspection command 27 (F8) is shifted to execution, the trip circuit monitoring signal 23 A determination (F10) is made. When the result is "normal", the process returns to relay judgment (F1), and when "defective" is detected, the output of the first display signal 15 (F11) is executed to display that on the display section 16. to return to relay judgment (F1).

Next, the response of the fourth relay 22 in the above-described configuration of FIG. 7 is shown in the flowchart of FIG. 9. That is, in FIG. 9, when "defective" is detected as a result of the constant monitoring determination (F12), the inspection request signal 26 is output (F13). Then, the presence or absence of the fourth inspection command 24 is determined (F14), and if the fourth inspection command 24 is present, inspection processing (F15) is performed. In this case, the inspection process (F15) is similar to the inspection process (F5) shown in FIG. are different.

Therefore, even with the configuration of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, a more detailed inspection can be performed when a defect is detected through constant monitoring, and the defective location can be reliably identified.

Therefore, according to each of the above embodiments, in a protective relay device equipped with a constant monitoring means and an automatic inspection means, at least when the constant monitoring means detects a device failure, the automatic inspection performs an inspection based on the scheduled processing. The apparatus is configured to execute the process, and all the defective parts detected thereby can be displayed on the display section. When a defect is detected through constant monitoring, it is possible to clearly identify the defective location in more detail than with constant monitoring, and it is also possible to display a message to that effect, making it possible to quickly and easily deal with device defects. Therefore, maintenance and operation can be performed extremely easily, and reliability can be improved. In addition, as mentioned above, when a defect is detected through constant monitoring, the defective location can be identified, so it is also possible to automatically perform processing according to the defective location, and even when a defect is detected through constant monitoring, it is possible to identify the defective location. Accordingly, a protective relay device that can continuously provide protection using the present invention is obtained.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, but can be similarly implemented in the following manner.

(1) In each of the above embodiments, the first relay 1 and the second relay 3 are configured to input the same inspection command 12, but the present invention is not limited to this, and one relay may perform the inspection. It is also possible to stagger the inspections of the first relay 1 and the second relay 3 so that the other relay can handle the occurrence of an accident when the relay is in use. Needless to say. In this case, two types of inspection commands 12 are required to be output from the inspection circuit 11, one for the first relay 1 and one for the second relay 3, and from the first inspection command 12 to the second inspection The interval at which the command 12' is outputted may be set to at least the time required for the relay to which the first inspection command 12 was input to perform the inspection.

(2) In each of the above embodiments, FIGS.
Although the processing order of each relay is explained using the flowcharts shown in FIG. 6, FIG. 8, and FIG. Any process that allows for more detailed inspection after detection of a defect is sufficient.

(3) In each of the flowcharts in the above embodiments, after the inspection process is completed, the process returns to the relay judgment regardless of whether or not there is a defective inspection, but the relay judgment is made only when the inspection is "good". Returning to the previous step, it is easily possible to carry out processing such as inspection lock, relay lock, trip lock, etc. if the inspection is "defective". Further, when a monitoring failure occurs, the defective location can be identified by inspection, so it is also possible to determine the defective location and perform the above-mentioned processing as necessary. Furthermore, it is possible to switch to protection of only the relay elements that can be performed with a healthy circuit, for example, when the PT circuit is defective, it is also possible to perform relay determination using only the relay elements using only the CT circuit.

(4) In the description of the first to third embodiments above,
Inspection circuit 1 in Figures 1, 3 and 5
1 is designed to be used only when there is a monitoring failure, but it can also be used in common with the automatic inspection circuit that is normally carried out at regular intervals; in this case,
A circuit for counting time may be added to the inspection circuit 11. In this way, if the parts are shared, the same defective part can be identified even during automatic inspection, and the defective part can be displayed, making maintenance easier. Moreover, such sharing can be handled in exactly the same way in the third relay 22 in FIG. 7 of the fourth embodiment.

(5) In the description of each of the above embodiments, monitoring and inspection of the inspection circuit 11 are not described, but it can be considered as a target of monitoring and inspection in the same way as other components.

(6) In each of the above embodiments, the display contents on the display unit 16 are described as the results of inspections, but when a failure occurs due to constant monitoring, the defective parts that can be identified through constant monitoring are displayed at the same time. It is obviously also possible to configure

In addition, the present invention can be implemented with various modifications without changing the gist of the invention.

As explained above, according to the present invention, in a protective relay device equipped with a constant monitoring means and an automatic inspection means, at least when the constant monitoring means detects a defect in the device, the scheduled inspection process by the automatic inspection means is performed. Since automatic inspection of the equipment is performed based on the system, when a malfunction is detected in the equipment through constant monitoring, it is possible to clearly identify the location of the malfunction. It is possible to provide an extremely reliable protective relay device that is not only extremely easy to operate, but also can continue to provide protection using a sound circuit.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a general configuration of an embodiment according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a flowchart diagram for explaining the operation in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an outline of a second embodiment according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration, FIG. 4 is a flow chart for explaining the operation in FIG. 3, and FIG.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining the operation in FIG. 5, and FIG.
This figure shows a schematic configuration of a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 8 and 9 are flowcharts for explaining the operation in FIG. 7. 1, 3...first, second relay, 21, 22...
...Third and fourth relays, 5...Tripping circuit, 7...
...Continuous monitoring circuit, 11...Inspection circuit, 16...Display section, 25...Inspection input generation circuit.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a protective relay device equipped with a constant monitoring means and an automatic inspection means as inspection functions, when a device failure is detected by at least the constant monitoring means, scheduled inspection processing by the automatic inspection means is performed. A protective relay device characterized in that the device is automatically inspected based on the following. 2. The protective relay device according to claim 1, wherein a defective part of the device detected by at least one of the constant monitoring means and the automatic inspection means is displayed on a display section. 3. The protective relay device according to claim 1, which automatically performs processing according to the nature of the defect found through inspection or automatic inspection.