JPS62501423A - Fuel additive compositions containing soluble platinum group metal compounds - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Fuel additives and fuels containing soluble platinum group metal compounds and their internal combustion engines How to use in Kannai Related applications This application is jointly filed by the inventors named herein, Bonose and Sprave. U.S. Application No. 677, filed December 4, 1984, filed and assigned to the same person. ．． 954 and concurrent application number 790.788 filed on October 24, 1985. This is a partial continuation of a pending patent application.

Technical field This invention relates to improving the performance of both gasoline and diesel internal combustion engines; For more information, see Fuel Additives and Improving Fuel Combustion Efficiency and Reducing Harmful Emissions Prior to the use of platinum group metals in internal combustion engines, Research using catalytic converters to reduce emissions has led to the use of catalytic converters. the As a result, the same can be achieved by improving combustion conditions through engine design and fuel additives. Despite efforts in the prior art to obtain similar results at low cost, the results are neither ideal nor preferable. Reliance on this expensive mechanical device has become the norm.

Although engine design efforts have resulted in considerable improvements, operating efficiency It is difficult to achieve both at the same time.

Experience to date has shown limited success in the use of fuel additives. Ki's reason One is that complex equipment is required to add the additive to the feed fuel. Another problem is that the cost is high because special catalyst materials are required. Water-soluble platinum group metal Requires a complex delivery system to introduce salts through the internal combustion engine's air intake do.

US Patent 2. Ryons and pines in Oaj 775 and 2,151,482 Corn is 0.001 to 0.085% (i.e. 10 to 850 pieces 11) organometallic compounds or mixtures thereof, gasoline, benzene, fuel oil, kerosene , or mixtures thereof, to improve engine performance in a variety of ways. Discloses a method for improving aspects of the invention. Published in U.S. Patent 2,086.775 Metals include cobalt, nickel, manganese, iron, copper, uranium, molybdenum, Vanadium, zirconium, beryllium, platinum, palladium, chromium, aluminum There are rare earth metals such as umum, thorium, and cerium. U.S. Patent 2,151, The metals announced in issue 432 include selenium, antimony, arsenic, bismuth, and carbon. Domium, tellurium, thallium, tin, barium, boron, cesium, didymium, ra tantalum, potassium, sodium, tantalum.

There is titanium, tungsten, and zinc. In both disclosures, the preferred organometallic Compounds include β-diketone derivatives and their homologs, such as metal acetylacetate. There are tonic acid salts, propionylacetonate salts, formyl acetonate salts, and others.

These compounds mainly contain oxygen to metal ratios in the range 1:1 to 1:10. , but the important features linked to the presence of oxygen are not disclosed.

The disclosure of lyons and pine cones is between 0.001 and 0.04% (i.e. 10 Although it is not sufficient to improve combustion efficiency with the introduction of and catalytically active deposits accumulate in the combustion chamber, making it effective. ing. When this disclosure occurs, it is necessary to replenish that loss and make the amount of deposit permanent. It is stated that normally 0.01% (100F) of the organometallic compound would be sufficient.

Therefore, the disclosed compounds are not capable of producing immediate catalytic action at low concentrations. stomach. Lyons and Dempsey U.S. Patent No. 2,460,780 essentially Regarding soluble catalysts, this is confirmed in column 1, lines 11 to 36. There is. Furthermore, there is no specification regarding the preferred oxidation state of the disclosed metals. do not have.

Both the Lyons and Matsukone patents also allow for the use of oxygenated solvents. Neither does it disclose the importance of increasing the ratio of oxygen to metal. US special In Explanation 15 of No. 2,08 s, No. 775, palladium acetylacetonate fuel (unspecified, but probably hypothesized) at a level of 0.002% (20-). It is probably the 65 octane gasoline with lead tetrachloride used in Meiji 1). There is. The weight ratio of oxygen to palladium is not shown, but calculations show that it is approximately 1:1. 3, and the palladium level is about 101? It is considered to be Il. After substantial driving However, no improvement in combustion was observed.

Lyons and Dempsey U.S. Patent No. 2,460°780 is primarily concerned with or internal liquid refrigerants such as alcohol, water-soluble glycols, or The invention relates to the use of catalysts that are soluble in aqueous solutions. Based on metal compound weight While catalyst levels as low as 0.001% are disclosed, direct catalytic effects are visible. In order to achieve this, an effective catalyst compound must be present at a level of 1% or more of the operating fuel charge weight. It is said that there is a need for this. In some instances, the fuel may contain soluble cobal. chromium, cerium, and chromium catalysts were added to the fuel at a level of 0.01% for all catalysts. It is. Fuel-soluble catalysts at levels less than 0.01% - or oxygenated The number of solvents added is not disclosed. Moreover, alcohol and griff When catalysts are used with water-soluble catalysts, they primarily act as solubilizing supports for the catalyst. It is also disclosed as a carrier of known internal cooling functions at high loads.

In German Publication No. 2,500,688 Brantl describes various catalysts. Metals are added to hydrocarbon fuels to reduce nitric oxide at the moment of combustion in internal combustion engines, -States that carbon oxide can be oxidized.

According to the disclosure, namely lithium, sodium.

Lead, beryllium, magnesium, aluminum.

Gallium, zinc, cadmium, tellurium, selenium.

metal organic golds such as silicon, boron, germanium, antimony, and/or tin; or Grignard compounds may be added to the fuel individually or as a mixture. I can do it. Similarly, scandium.

Titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, Ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, platinum, silver, gold, Metal complexes of gallium, molybdenum, lead, and mercury with different ligands are Can be added to fuel individually or as a mixture.

For the platinum group osmium, iridium, and platinum, the A wide range of concentrations, from 0.847 to 3°123 grams, was found in the disclosure. A variety of formulations have been presented, with particularly favorable results for 1 liter of fuel. It is said to yield between 0.868 and 1.715 grams per torr. These× Considering the cost of metals and the compositions that contain them, the high standards that are valid in the disclosure are I can't help but feel negative about using them. Additionally, tetramethylplatinated It is not known that there are any famous compounds.

In U.S. Pat. No. 2,402,427, mirrors and IJ,-bars are of diesel fuel soluble organic or organometallic compounds in an amount of 0.02 to 3% That is, it can be used as a combustion promoter at concentrations between 200 and 3 (+, ooohll). Discloses that it will be used. Among them, platinum group compounds have not been confirmed and are not disclosed. compounds that improve combustion in gasoline internal combustion engines below disclosed levels. has not been stated.

Others) C. There is research on coating the inner surface of diesel engine cylinders with metallic platinum. Although it has been shown to be effective in reducing the release of harmful substances, the platinum coating disappears within a few hours. Put it away.

The invention consists of the use of certain platinum group metal compounds; The compound can be used in diesel fuel, gasoline, or internal combustion gasoline. It is directly soluble in the engine fuel, such as the solvent used in the engine. These transformations The compound is preferably combined with a solvent that is miscible in the same fuel and in very small quantities. from 0.01 to about 1.0 parts of platinum group metal per million parts of fuel ( Used at level F). Unless otherwise indicated, in this specification the number of P All figures are expressed on a weight-to-volume basis, i.e. tit/11; All percentages are by weight.

In one embodiment of the invention, the fuel-soluble platinum is dissolved in a fuel-miscible solvent. Gasoline and diesel fuel additive compositions consisting of solutions of group metal compounds added However, when the platinum group metal compound is added to a given amount of fuel, it Stone 1. There is enough nail support to supply the platinum group elements of Or.

Preferred solvents include ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, and methyl tert. Oxygenated hydrocarbons such as chill ethers are mentioned, and less than 5% of the weight of the fuel is used. It is preferable to use 1 no. The amount of oxygenated solvent used is determined by the amount of oxygen to platinum group metal. It is preferable to use an amount sufficient to give a weight ratio of at least 1000.1.

Preferred platinum group metal compounds include compounds having a +2 or →-4 coordination state. At least one coordination position within is one olefinic, acetylenic, or , a functional group containing one or more unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds in the form of an aromatic π (pi) bond is a platinum group metal coordination compound occupied by

Here, M is a platinum group metal, and one is benzyl.

phenyl or nitrobenzyl. In another embodiment of the present invention, the property-improved gasoline and diesel fuel compositions are provided; or diesel fuel and an additive composition dissolved therein; The compound is a platinum group metal compound that is soluble in the fuel, and is 0.01 parts per 10,000 parts of the fuel. and 1.0 part of platinum group metal.

In yet another aspect of the invention, the gasoline or diesel engine is powered by an internal combustion engine. Methods have been provided to increase the available energy of diesel fuel; Additives to gasoline or diesel fuel consisting of platinum group metal compounds that are soluble in the fuel. The additive composition is provided with 0.01 to 1.0 parts of platinum group metal per million parts of fuel. It consists of mixing as much as possible.

The additive composition of the present invention improves the operating efficiency of gasoline and diesel internal combustion engines. Increased output per unit of gasoline, particulates and carbon monoxide.

- Increased by reducing the emission of harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides. These attachments Additives give beneficial results when used directly and when used continuously over long periods of time.

Used in internal combustion engines of In a more preferred embodiment of the invention, lead-containing Availability is defined as less than 1.4y per gal. Most preferably, gasoline is ・The lead content per gallon is at most 0.05F, and the sulfur content is is at most 0.1%. Gasoline normally has a BTU value of 19.700 calories per bond. It's Lee.

The gasoline additive composition of the present invention is useful when the engine is in a lean mixture condition, i.e., air to fuel. Good reproducibility is obtained when the material ratio is approximately 14.7°1 and the compression ratio is between 7=1 and 9:1. be effective.

The diesel fuels in this specification have volatility and cetane number properties that are similar to those found in internal combustion diesel engines. Defined as the petroleum distillate of the fuel oil tooth 2, useful for refueling the engine.

As shown above, preferred platinum group metal compounds are coordination compounds. compounds, especially olefins of moderately high molecular weight (preferably greater than 100 Daltons) Coordinating with the carbon functional group is stable in the presence of water. gasoline or diesel This is extremely important since there is a significant amount of water present in oil. for example Gasoline typically has dissolved water on the order of 5oIF, and often even higher. Contains a certain amount of dispersion water and bulk water.

Coordination compounds of platinum group metals that are directly soluble in gasoline and diesel fuel are not commercially available. Hardly available. The compounds that are available, if at all, are often halogenated. Contains undesirable functional groups, including carbon and phosphorus, and is therefore unsuitable for many internal combustion engine applications. I can't say it's very favorable. Are the compounds according to this invention completely free of phosphorus? A low level without any significant disadvantages is preferred. The inventors have discovered that the fuel It is stable in solution and serves as a catalyst for the combustion of gasoline or diesel oil in internal combustion engines. and reduce harmful emissions when added to fuel as an essential element We have discovered that certain effective platinum group metal compounds can be prepared.

Platinum group metals with coordination states ■ and ■ are examples of materials that can be used to achieve favorable effects. can give. Compounds with lower oxidation state (I) have the function of producing catalytic action It is preferable because An important feature of this invention is the use of coordination compounds of platinum group metals. At least one of the coordination pressures is olefinic, acetylenic, or occupied by a functional group having an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond in the form of an aromatic or π-bond. It means using what you have. Two or more coordination pressures are occupied by such functional groups. Compounds that are preferred. I don't want to be tied to any particular theory, but I want to find the lowest possible oxidant. Such preferred compounds in the state are the most effective for producing instant catalytic effects. It is advantageous.

It is useful to have one or more coordination pressures with the following unsaturated functional groups: I know.

1. Benzene and similar aromatic compounds such as anthracene and naphthalene 2. Cyclic diene group and cyclooctadiene.

Homologues such as methylcyclopentadiene and cyclohexadiene 8.Olefins such as nonene, dodecene, and polyisobutyne 4. Acetylenes such as nonine and dobuscine These unsaturated functional groups are sequentially converted into alkylenes. non-containing groups such as carboxylic, carboxyl, amino, nitro, hydroxyl, and alkoxyl groups. It can be replaced with a halogenated substituent. Other coordination pressures are interviewed by these groups. Be able to occupy it.

vinegar. A, B, D, and E represent groups such as di-alkoxy and carboxyl; (C=C)x and (C=C)y are unsaturated functional groups coordinated with platinum group metals represents a group, and X and y are arbitrary integers.

Platinum group metals are platinum, palladium, and rhodium.

Contains ruthenium, osmium, and iridium.

The most preferred platinum group coordination compound is one represented by the following formula.

Compounds containing platinum, palladium, and rhodium are preferred for the practice of this invention. Delicious. where M is a platinum group metal and R is benzyl, phenyl, or nitrite. It is a lobenzyl group.

These platinum group metal compounds have a low operating efficiency for gasoline or diesel fuel. Added in an effective amount to improve engine performance in terms of rate or emissions reduction . Typically, this compound contains 0.01 parts of platinum group metal per million parts of gasoline. Add enough iii to supply a range of 1.0 parts of water (K-W/V) It will be done. A more preferred range is 0.05 to 0.5-, most preferably Platinum group metals are on the same basis as 0. IO to 0.30 - preferably supplied .

This fuel additive composition is suitable for use in target fuels, whether gasoline or diesel oil. Those containing miscible solvents are preferred. Some of these solvents are platinum group metals. It enhances the effectiveness of compounds in the genus, and was chosen for this reason. preferable Solvents include oxygenated carbonization of alcohols, petrocyclic oxygen compounds, ethers, etc. There is hydrogen. Particularly preferred compounds are alcohols having 1 carbon number [74], especially alcohols having 74 carbon atoms; Tanol, tetrahydrofuran, and methyl tert-butyl ether. this Some of these compounds contain specific platinum group metals, as shown in the examples below. It shows a particularly strong promoting effect on coordination compounds of metals. Octyl nitrate is a diesel fuel Works well in additives.

These solvents are used at concentrations of up to 5% of the fuel, usually 0.25% or higher. is preferable. Solvent concentrations of 0.25 to 2.5% are preferred, particularly preferred is most preferably less than 1%; in some cases, when used at these levels, Improvements in additive performance, which should be improved, can be seen.

Preferred fuel additives use sufficient amounts of platinum group metal compounds and oxygenated solvents. and the weight ratio of oxygen to platinum group metal is 1,000 to 100, ooo to 1, preferably 3,500:1. More preferably platinum group The weight ratio of oxygen to metal is between 5,000:1 and 85,000:1. .

The fuel additive composition may contain other additives such as detergents, acids, etc., which are known to be beneficial. Antioxidants and octane improvers can be added, but the use of these substances is strictly prohibited. It is not an essential feature of the invention.

The present invention will be explained in further detail using Examples below, and the best embodiment thereof will be explained. However, this should not be construed as limiting the invention in any way.

Example 1 Lead-free supply of dibenzylcyclooctadiene Pt II to automobile engines It was used as a catalyst in added gasoline.

Dibenzylcyclopentadiene platinum (2) was produced as follows. 24.0 grams (0,064 mol) cyclooctagenyl Pt dichloride in xylene 20 (1/). To the resulting mixture, add (800 ml) diethyl ethyl 0.5 mol of benzylmagnesium chloride dissolved in ether is added. Grignard The reaction was continued overnight and then hydrolyzed in a water bath using saturated ammonium sulfate. Ru. After hydrolysis, the mixture is shaken vigorously and then separated into two layers. Collect the organic phase and discard Dry over sodium aqueous sulfate to remove diethyl ether residue, and remove the resulting xylene. Leave the solution behind. This product has the following structure.

The xylene solution of this platinum compound (platinum 0.17% by weight) is shown in Table IA below. Mixed with other fuel additive ingredients.

A series of dynamometer tests were conducted. Among them, the fire of the 1984 Vitsuku V-6 Fireworks ignition engine.

It was connected to an eddy current dynamometer and loaded. This engine has the following specifications be.

Engine type Big 90°V-6 Inner diameter and stroke 8.800 x 3.400 Exhaust claw 231c Bruise Compression ratio 8.0.1 One type of carburetor 2 BBL -ROCH Air-fuel ratio 14.7:1 Data obtained during a comparative engine test run using a big V-6 engine. action The fuel is a platinum-based fuel additive formulation based on the following ingredients. It is a lead-free Indo-Ran gasoline that uses all compounded ingredients other than lead-added gasoline. Ru.

weight% Methyl tertiary butyl ether 40.5 Detergent (Ethyl MPA-448) 0.9 Platinum coordination prepared as above Compound 0.012 The elements of this platinum compound are as follows.

Platinum 40.2% Carbon 54.4% Hydrogen 6.4% The engine was run at steady state temperatures of about 1100 F for about 90 minutes per run. and Approximately 79 feet on the dynamometer to produce an average of 19.6 horsepower throughout each run. -1b torque was applied.

During each of these runs, the engine weighed 900/ml of platinum compound gasoline. The time required to consume the added and unadded gasoline was recorded. About each run , such time readings were taken in eight cases and the times were averaged. horsepower The product of the average time (minutes) for consuming 900 rsl of fuel indicates the amount of work. gave a number. The results are shown in Table IB below.

1 176.4 1 186.2 2 178.1 2 182.7 8 176.1 8 184.1 4 1? 5.8 4 181.5 5 1?9.2 5 184.0 6 1? 8.8 6 189.5 7 180.0 7 184.8 8 177.1 8 183.0 9 180.5 9 188.8 10 178, 8 10 1B2.4 11 179, 7 11 188.5 12 182.7 18 181.8 Platinum supplied by platinum compounds 0. Dissipation of gasoline 9QOmIF including IF The time spent was generally longer than that without the platinum compound. platinum compound The average time with objects included was 9.39 minutes, and without it was 9.11 minutes. . This increase in fuel consumption due to platinum compounds was 3.1%.

Fuel flow measurements show that a similar set of results is observed when platinum-based fuel additives are added. compared to removing platinum-based compounds from the fuel additive formulation in tests of The fuel additive of Example 1 (0.2F platinum w/ v) with 5% ethanol added and in the same manner as in Example 1. I conducted a test. Baseline data was collected over two days and the operation using additives Test data was recorded for 12 days after the first 5 days. The test engine is The machine was operated at three speeds (1300, 1800, and 2100) sequentially on each test day. All torques were 551 b,ft. collected fuel flow rate, as well as Some of the hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions are summarized in Table 2.

Fuel flow rate Hydrocarbons - Carbon oxide (m//sec) (FW/V) C%) 1800 1.12 1.07 210 135 1.79 0.621800 1.82 1.76 169 113 1.05 0.4021002.20 2.15120 710.580.17 Example 3 The big engine with the specifications of Example 1 was fitted with a Superflow 5F-9ax water brake. An additive test was conducted by attaching it to a dynamometer. super flow day Tar extraction capabilities include rpm, torque, and horsepower, as well as various temperatures, pressures, and Includes automatic measurement of flow rate and flow rate.

Two of the engine's spark brags are connected to the Kistler's spark brag pressure valve. adapter (Model 540) and Kistler's high impedance pressure transducer (Model 540). Dell 5001) was installed. A, v, L.

An optical encoder was installed on the test engine, and it was A signal was generated every 172 degrees of the angle.

Data on pressure and crank angle is collected and stored, and the Columbia computer (model 4220).

Individual sampling was performed every 1/2 degree of shaft rotation over 80 ignition cycles. Two pressure measurements were taken.

Each additive shown in Table 3 was tested using the following method. Baseline tests are performed on untreated fuel. Then the fuel was tested with additives, and finally the baseline test was repeated. . Two pressure samples were taken for each run. Each test lasted 12.5 minutes. Ta. There was a 20 minute run time between each test to allow conditioning and draining. exam en The gin operated at 210 rpm and 55,117 ft of torque. super flow The collected data was sampled at 10 second intervals. Horsepower mark after each test. The standard deviation was calculated and the stability and repeatability of the engine were investigated. Typical standard deviation is the test The average was .06 over a 12.5 minute engine run time.

The base fuel for each formulation tested was AMOCO's deleaded, octane Regular gasoline with a rating of 87 was used. Ethanol (ETOH) or tetrahydrof In each case with Ran (THF), its concentration was 0.25%. table DIBENZYL PT (1) listed above is the dibenzyl PT prepared in Example 1. Chlooctadiene platinum n, and N1TR0BENZ\L PT (1) is , having a nitrobenzyl group in place of the two benzyl groups in the formula shown in Example 1. , was prepared similarly. Each of these platinum compounds contains platinum 0°151F was used at a level sufficient to supply However, for example, C=Q, l, C:0 ．． 2, C=0.8F, etc., unless otherwise indicated.

Baseline-additive single baseline sequence For each test run consisting of It was written.

Eight parameters were considered for each plot obtained.

1. Peak - maximum pressure reached in the cylinder during the combustion process.

2. Distance - A physical measurement of the horizontal distance between the top dead center axis and the peak of the pressure curve. Up The shortening of the dead center and the peak pressure achieved means that the flame front is This means that the propagation speed across the radar is fast.

3. MIP - Average Indicated Pressure is the average pressure achieved after top dead center ignition, and the fuel shows the total amount of work released due to the combustion of

In evaluating the pressure curve with additives, the increase in peak pressure and MIP The reduction in distance and distance refers to the effective use of fuel and the benefits obtained from fuel combustion through additives. This is interpreted as indicating the effect on the amount of work required.

On the nature of the effect of additives on fuel, a This study was conducted using variance model analysis. The hypotheses established for this model are as follows: It consists of

1. There are two factor levels used in the study: baseline and treatment conditions.

λ For each factor, the probability variance of the data is normally distributed.

8. The variance of the probability distribution of factors is all constant.

4. The average value of the data for each factor level may change to reflect the various effects of the treatment. Probably.

To determine whether the means of two factors are equal, a statistical test can be performed. can. If the means of the two factors are not equal, further analysis is required. Ru. This analysis involves estimating the mean interval of responses to one factor and It is necessary to compare the average values of the responses. Estimate statistically using interval estimates can do.

That is, the average increase in peak, distance, or MIP is the lower limit of the configured interval. and the upper limit can be estimated with 80 to 90% confidence.

The interval estimate is based on the confidence level, the total number of points in the interval, as well as the difference between the two means. Varies depending on dispersion. In this way, the effect of fuel treatment, if not treated Table 3 shows that a conclusion can be drawn by comparing 80% Peak 0.75% 2.40% Distance -0.39% 0.03% MIP -0,43% 0117% 90% Peak 0.42% 2.72% Distance -0.47% 0.12% MIP -0.55% 0.29% 80% Peak -0.11% 1.05% Distance 0.10% 0.58% MIP -1,2s% 0.64% 90% Peak -0.34% 1.27% Distance 0.01% 0.67% MIP -1,59% 1.01% Confidence level Lower limit Upper limit 80% Peak 3.50% 6.34% Distance -0.93% 0.39% VIP -0.22% 0.45% 90% Peak 2.94% 6.89% Distance -1,19% 0,64% MIP -0.35% 0.59% Tetrahydrofuran vs blank 80% Peak 0.13% 1.05% Distance -0.29% 0.11% MIP -1,29% -0,69% 90% Peak -0.05% 1.23% Distance -0.36% 0.19% MIP -1,41% -0,57% Nitrobenzyl platinum (■) vs. blank 80% Peak -0.96% 0.76% Distance -0.39% 0.28% MIP -1,21% -0,52% 90% Peak -1,30% 1.09% Distance -0,58% 0.41% MIP -1,84% -0,39% 80% Peak 1.09% 1.99% Distance -0.88% -0.05% MIP - (1,91% 0.36% 90% Peak 0.92% 2.16% Distance -0.98% 0.10% MIP -1.16% 0.60% 80% Peak -3.22% 3.69% Distance -1.12% 0.98% MIP -1.15% 1.17% 90% Peak -5,11% 5.59% Distance -1,69% 1.56% MIP -1,78% 1.80% 80% Peak -2,54% 4.45% Distance -1,51% 0.58% MIP -0.40% 0.10% 90% Peak -4,46% 6.36% Distance -2,07% 1.09% MIP -0.54% 0.24% Confidence level Lower limit Upper limit 80% Peak -2,49% 4.22% Distance -1,51% 0.67% MIP -0.21% 0.62% 90% Peak -4.33% 6.05% Distance -2.10% 1.26% MIP -0.47% 0.86% 80% Peak 0.56% 1.81% Distance -0.47% -0.04% MIP 0.12% 0.72% 90% Peak 0.36% 2.01% Distance -0.54% 0.03% MIP 0.01% 0.81% Example 4 According to the test method of Example 3, (1) Osmium (■) Tris (acetylacetoacetate) (1) and (2) bis(cyclopentagenyl)osmium (1). It was tested against a pace fuel with no additives as shown in Example 8. Each compound peak of things.

The effects on MIP and distance were evaluated in comparison with base fuel, and the results are shown in Table 4. I got the result.

Table 4 Rate of change% (2) +5.86 +0.8470 Example 5 In this example, the main focus is on reducing light diesel emissions and improving fuel economy. Evaluate the performance of the diesel fuel additive according to the invention. The fuel additives evaluated were: It had the formulation shown in Table 5.

diphenylcyclooctadiene Platinum ■ coordination compound 0.0170 Ethylcyi 3-octyl nitric acid Salt 28.4 Ethyl EDA-2 detergent 3.5 Xylene 2.6 Exxon Robus (Exxon L OP S) Mineral Spirit 65 ．． 5 A 1984 model with a 5-speed transmission and approximately 30,000 miles. I chose an OL E760 Diesel, a relatively new but well-broken-in vehicle. It was used as a test vehicle to collect data on diesel engines.

This vehicle is located in Plumsteadville, Pennsylvania. Scott Environmental Laboratory (5cott Environmental Laboratory) Laboratories) 1 Chassis tynamometer test It was allowed to stabilize for 12 hours prior to.

U.S., EPA Federal Test Method (Urban Cycle) and Highway Fuel Economy Test Method Therefore, a baseline test was performed. These methods involve setting the dynamometer at a given set point. up to a load and the vehicle accelerates a series.

Drive through shifting, braking, and stopping patterns to reduce emissions and fuel economy. We need to be able to collect data. Data were collected over a series of runs. is analyzed by a computer software program to determine emissions and fuel Obtain a composite value of economic performance.

Following baseline testing, the vehicle was treated with the additive at a rate of 7 ounces per 20 gallons of fuel. He was forced to rack up many miles on the road. 1,600 on the car before retesting Made to run miles. During each trip, the fuel tank is filled with fuel. The packed additives were added to bring the average concentration of platinum to 0.151. By making it P- The process continued. Testing of treated fuel follows the same method as baseline testing. It was held.

The data obtained are summarized in Table 5B.

Table 5B Data based on Japanese test method Baseline Processed material Increase rate % Decrease rate % C0284B, 44303.98 11.49HCO, 140, 1721, 4 8 co　o, sa　o, 84　59.04NOx1.00　0.48　52.00 Particles 0.32 0.80 6.25 MP Cr25.6929.0713.16 Highway Fuel Economy Test Data Baseline Processed material Increase rate % Decrease rate % CO231,88199,5513,94HCO,090,0455,56 COO, 5B 0.46 13.21 NOxO, 610, 3345, 90 Particles --- MPCT4B, 6B 50.7816.25111 Two diesel passenger cars (Peugeot and Volksnoge) Record travel data on Volkswagen Dasher on a 200-mile highway route with an in-vehicle computer installed. I did a road test. In these field tests, the route and load were kept relatively constant. Measurements were made with and without the addition of the additive of the present invention. Untreated combustion 7,000 miles of free driving were accumulated during this road test. plotted Regression curve (1inear regression) (mpg vs. mph) Use numerical integration to measure the area under the baseline and the processing curve. this side The ratio (%) of the difference in area is calculated to represent the increase in mileage due to the addition of fuel additives. I did.

The results are summarized in Table 6.

Quadratic regression 8.49% increase V W -Dasher Linear regression 6.16% increase Quadratic regression 6.78% increase Example 7 The tests were conducted over three days under well-controlled laboratory conditions and the results detailed in Table 5A. Ruston (Ru5ton) G A, P C medium speed Dee of the additives shown in detail The performance inside the Zell engine was evaluated. The engine has a constant speed of 750 rpm, maximum continuous speed. It was operated within a power range of 35 to 85% of rating (MCR).

A baseline fuel test was conducted on the first day prior to the addition of additives on the first and second days. first day , the power ratio is 35%.

Baseline, fuel flow at 50%, 62.5%, 75%, and 85% MCR I recorded the readings. Next, add additives at a ratio of 1 part additive to 250 parts fuel. In addition, the power was reduced by the above range every hour. Record fuel consumption at 5 minute intervals did. At the end of the day's test, the engine was shut down with the additive still in the fuel system. I made it stop. The engine is preconditioned or “dried out” for additives. I didn't have time.

On the second day, warm up the engine and add the additive at a concentration of 1 part per 400 parts. I started the exam. The engine output is sequentially measured at 71 hour intervals through the same point as on the first day. and fuel consumption was again recorded at 5 minute intervals. On the third day, additional baseline testing (using untreated fuel).

Analysis of the data collected on day 1, shown in Table 7A, shows that when using the additive, the fuel consumption was This indicates that the amount of costs will decrease by 3.1 to 5.3%. The data collection process is We progressed from high load (420kW) to low load (220kW). Absolute reduction in fuel consumption The small amount varies from no decrease at the beginning (first data processing point) to 5.5 at the end of the sequence. It can be seen that the reduction has improved to 3%.

The data shown in Table 7B compares data with additive treatment collected on day 2 with data collected on day 1. The results are shown in comparison to baseline data. The rate of reduction in fuel consumption is lower when using additives. The total content was in the range of 3.3% to 4.0%. The absolute reduction in fuel consumption is 2.4 It was found that the improvement was within 8.8 kg/hr, but this was due to the Proceed from low load operation (275kW) on the 2nd day to high load operation (475kW). However, there was a tendency for the processing time to increase.

The data (not shown) when the fuel sampled on the third day is not processed is shown on the third day. The data appeared to be equal to the 2 day processed fuel data. This is probably due to the cylinder This may be due to the additives deposited on the parts and the residual effects of lubricating oil components during processing.

Comparison of processed fuel consumption at indicated load to baseline fuel consumption (Data on the first day) Due to additives Fuel consumption of treated fuel and untreated fuel Specific power consumption consumption consumption minimum reduction reduction rate (kW) (kg/hr) (&g/ hr) (kg/hr) %420 86.8 86.8 - - 845 71.5 7&8 2.38.1280 58.7 61.1 2.6 4.2220 46.5 49.1 2.6 5.8 Against baseline fuel consumption , Comparison of processed fuel consumption at indicated loads (2nd day data) Due to additives Fuel consumption of treated fuel and untreated fuel Specific power consumption Consumption decrease Decrease rate (la’/) (k/hr) (k g/hr) (kg/hr)%275 57.6 60.0 2.4 4.0847 71.2 74.2 to 4.0410 84.0 87.1 3.1 B, 6475 95.9 99.2 8.3 B, ・3 Example 8 This test tested commercially operated diesel engines with the additives detailed in Table 5A. Evaluating the effect of driving semi-trailer tractors on fuel economy and horsepower output .

On the first day of testing, a baseline (no additives) chassis dynamometer test was performed. It was. The tested vehicles were Cummins N HC-250:r, It was a tandem tractor that was powered by an electric motor. Dedicated operators resupply vehicles The vehicles were typically used for indexing highway construction. The engine has been modified I have driven s, ooo miles since then.

Following baseline testing and operation with 1 gallon of additive added to 400 gallons of fuel. The vehicle was given approximately 1000 miles before being reprocessed on the chassis dynamometer. It was operated to collect on-road driving data.

Additives in a ratio of 1:400 according to the schedule by the driver during repeated road trips continued to be added. The product comes with a graduated beaker for accurate measurements. Supplied in 1 gallon containers.

The daily record sheet shows the number of miles driven by the driver and the fuel consumed and added. The amount of the item was recorded.

Dynamometer - During the test, the tractor was placed on a Clayton water brake dynamometer. - fixed at 4 minute intervals, setting at 2100 rpm, full power, 200 It was operated at full power at 0 rpm and full power at 1900 rpm. die every minute A reading was taken from the namometer gauge and the actual rear wheel horsepower was recorded. inside the driver's cabin A tachometer was installed separately. One of the parts inside the tractor can “bounce” I understand. Balance between speed and horsepower was maintained from the cab to the rear wheels. at the same time, during the same time Fuel readings were taken at intervals. Precise digital 30 gallon drum of fuel Placed on display scale and recorded fuel weight loss. Return the circulating fluid to the drum and extinguish it. Only the amount of fuel spent was measured. The combined horsepower of the rear wheels is factory spec, i.e. It turns out that it is equivalent to 175 horsepower, which is 70% of 250 horsepower. Prior to the exam, Have the engine checked by the manufacturer and check the fuel flow and pressure for the fuel pump. Verified to match manufacturer's specifications.

Two running tests were conducted on each test date to confirm the reproducibility of the results. each tess The test was run for 3 minutes at each of the 8 rpm settings. A 1-minute margin was allowed for stabilization and transition to the next rpm level between m runs. .

Aggregate the average value of the three readings for each rpm setting and calculate the values for the unadded and added side. Shown in Table 8A. In Table 8A, at a given engine speed, unadded and Comparison of fuel flow (input) versus horsepower (output) for dosing data It is carried out. Additive treatments showing an average improvement of 2.6 to 5.2% compared to baseline Horsepower increases accordingly.

Table 8B compares the data with additives to the data without additive treatment. to show the actual horsepower increase. Actual horsepower varies from 4.5 to 4.5 depending on additives. Increases in the range of 9.0 horsepower (HP).

-1--Non-excited----Addition---(2100)hp 170"17 4172181181181FuelFIow(Ib/m1n) 1.61.6 1.61.61.61.6 (2000)hp 172173172.51801 80180FuelFlow (Ib/m1n) 1.51.61.551.51 ．． 61.55 (1900) hp 171 173 178 177 178 1 77.5Fuel Flow (Ib/m1n) 1.51.51.51.51 ．． 51.5 (Average of 2 runs) (Average of 2 runs) 2100 172 181 9, 0 2000 172, 5 180 7, 51900 173 177, 5 4.5 Average HP improvement 7.0 The fuel flow rate was almost constant during the test, but the actual flow rate measured with a dynamometer was The actual horsepower increased on the full run using the additive fuel. 3 rpm settings Over the period, the average horsepower increase for runs using additive fuel was 7.0 HP. there were. This corresponds to a horsepower increase rate of 4.0% based on the baseline horsepower.

The dynamometer is operated using additive fuel at the same horsepower as in baseline operation. The vehicle was not equipped to run in a manner that would monitor the decrease in fuel flow.

However, calculating the braking fuel consumption rate (BSFC) is difficult when using additives. This is one way to record the fact that more work is generated per unit of cost. Ru. Therefore, assuming that the required power output is kept constant, the use of additives will reduce fuel consumption. The amount of expenses should decrease. The data listed in Table 8C are with and without BSFC1. For addition data, it represents the number of bonds of fuel consumed per horsepower hour. Attachment The improvement rate when using additives is in the range of 2.5 to 5.0%.

The amount of emissions was not measured during these tests. However, additive-added fuel When driving at low speed, smoke is emitted at the beginning of driving, idling, and under load. was not observed.

(HP-hr) fb (7) BSFC) 2100 0.5640.5510. 5580.5800.5800.5805.0%2000 0.52+0.5 540.5890.5000.5’880.5174.1%1900　’　0. 5200.5200.5200.5080.5050.5072.5% Example 9 This test tested the effectiveness of the diesel fuel additives listed in Table 5A. This will be evaluated through a high-rise test on a large tractor used in two tractors I chose. A new Kenworth car equipped with a 400 horsepower Caterpillar engine ( (81,000 miles) and 475 horsepower Cumins twin-turbo engine. Kenworth vehicle with (172,000 miles) Date the baseline data taken from records several months ago.

Restores the number of miles driven, the number of gallons of fuel used, and calculates the mileage per gallon. The number of files was calculated.

Next, test the above two vehicles on a chassis dynamometer and measure the baseline. Established. (See Chassis Dynamometer Test Method) After Dynamometer Test , those tractors were treated with fuel additives and returned to their respective commercial routes.

Restore the next two months (post-processed data) to the original (unprocessed) baseline compared with the data.

Test method (chassis dynamometer Both Kenworth tractors are equipped with Ostradyne model TLSOTT chassis. Tested on an inamometer. The specifications of this device are horsepower limit 500° torque limit. The maximum rear wheel speed was 60 mph.

Both tractors are dynamometer driven with the rear drive wheels driving a pair of rollers. It was posted on the ta. These rollers are connected to a braking system. Torak The force required on the rotating rollers to load the rear drive wheels of the motor is measured using a dynamometer. - Indicated by various colored meters on the control panel.

Those meters include horsepower, torque, speed (mph calibrated) meters and These are knobs on different panels for adjusting air pressure, humidity, etc.

The test selects three basic rotational speeds (rpm) at the top of the tractor capacity scale. So I went. The tractor is fully loaded, maintains the specified rpm, and the meter on the dynamometer The data were recorded every minute for 5 minutes.

Fuel flow is from the tractor saddle tank to the 20 gallon pail. Measured by filling with gel fuel. The 20 gallon pail is placed on a precision electronic scale. I placed it on. Readings were taken from the scale every minute during the 5 minute stress test. fuel there Accurate accounting of usage was recorded in bonds per minute.

Data evaluation (road test) Road test data for both tractors is summarized in Tables 9A and 9B. Ryoto Lactor showed over 5.6% improvement in MPG with treatment and A trend of improvement over time was observed.

No. 2, 5, 2, 2, 5, 2 1 4, IS 1 4.60 2 4.15 2 4.68 3 4.11 B 4.86 4 4.20 4 4.67 5 3.84 5 4.95 6 4.74 6 5.02 N: 8.00N, 6.00 AVG, 4.189 AVG: 4.788 STD, 0.23 STD: o・161 4.65 1 4.87 2 4.48 2 4.64 3 4.75 8 4.87 N:8.00 N:4.00 AVG: 4.610 AVG: 4.895STD: o, 1s4STD , 0.200 or more will not explain to a person of ordinary skill how to carry out the invention. It is for teaching purposes and is self-evident to those skilled in the art by reading the specifications ( It is not our intention to describe in detail all the modifications that may be made; Obvious modifications of the above shall be included within the scope of the following claims.

Continuation correction! ! :(spontaneous) October 24, 1986 past

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. When M is a platinum group metal and R is phenyl, penzyl, or nitrobenzyl, a solution of a coordination compound of a platinum group metal that is soluble in fuel and is represented by the chemical formula ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ is provided with a platinum group metal at an oxygen to metal weight ratio of 1000:1 to 100,000:1. 1. A fuel composition for a fuel selected from the group consisting of gasoline and diesel fuel, comprising an oxygenated hydrocarbon solvent dissolved in an amount effective to supply the oxygenated hydrocarbon solvent. 2. The composition of claim 1, wherein said platinum group metal is platinum. 3. The composition of claim 1, wherein said oxygenated hydrocarbon comprises ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, methyl tert-butyl ether, or a combination thereof. 4. 4. The composition of claim 3, wherein R is benzyl and the solvent is ethanol. 5. Particularly, the above R consists of nitrobenzyl and the solvent consists of tetrahydrofuran. The composition according to claim 3. 6. The set of claim 3, wherein said solvent consists of methyl tert-butyl ether. A product. 7. Formula: ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ Equipped with a solution that is miscible with phosphorus, the above platinum coordination compound and ethanol or tetra A gasoline additive composition in which the mixed content of hydrofuran is sufficient to supply platinum and oxygen in a weight ratio of oxygen to platinum ranging from 3,500:1 to 100,000:1. 8. A solution of a platinum group metal compound that is soluble in fuel is dissolved in a solvent that is miscible with the fuel, and when the platinum group metal compound is added to a predetermined amount of fuel, it has a concentration of 0.01 to 1. A fuel additive composition containing a sufficient amount of platinum group metal to provide 0 ppm of a platinum group metal. 9. 9. The composition of claim 8, wherein said solvent comprises an oxygenated hydrocarbon. 10. The oxygenated hydrocarbon is an alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. The composition of claim 9 comprising: 11. 11. Composition according to claim 10, characterized in that said alcohol consists of ethanol. 12. The composition of claim 11, wherein said ethanol is contained in an amount sufficient to supply 0.25 to 5.0 parts of ethanol per 100 parts of gasoline. 13. The above platinum group metal compound and ethanol convert the platinum group metal and oxygen into metals. 13. The composition of claim 12, wherein the composition of claim 12 is provided in an amount sufficient to provide oxygen in a weight ratio of 1,000:1 to 100,000:1. 14. The weight ratio of oxygen from ethanol to the platinum group metal is 5,000: 14. The composition of claim 13 within the range of 1 to 35,000:1. 15. The platinum group metal compound has a +2 or +4 coordination state, and one or more coordination sites in the compound are olefinic, acetylene, or aromatic π (pi) bonds. 9. The composition of claim 8, which is a platinum group metal coordination compound comprising a platinum group metal occupied by a functional group having one or more unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds in the composite form. 16. Two or more coordination sites are olefinic, acetylene, or aromatic π-bonded The patent claimant is occupied by a functional group having one or more unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds. The composition according to the desired scope item 15. 17. Claims in which the functional group having an unsaturated bond is further substituted with a halogen-free substituent selected from the group consisting of alkyl, carbonyl, amino, nitro, hydroxyl, and alkoxyl groups. Composition of Section 15. 18. The other coordination sites are halogen-free and selected from the group consisting of alkyl, carboxyl, amino, nitro, hydroxyl, and alkoxyl groups. 16. The composition of claim 15, wherein the composition is directly occupied by a substituent. 19. If the functional group containing the above unsaturated bond is aromatic, cyclodiene, olefin, or 16. The composition of claim 15, wherein the composition is selected from the group consisting of 20. 16. The composition of claim 15, wherein said platinum group metal is platinum, palladium, or rhodium, or a mixture thereof. 21. 16. The composition of claim 15, wherein one of said functional groups is a cycloalkadiene. 22. A gasoline composition comprising gasoline and an additive composition dissolved therein, the additive composition in an amount sufficient to provide from 0.01 to 1.0 ppm of platinum group metal per part of gasoline. Gas containing soluble platinum group metal compounds Phosphorus composition. 23. The gasoline composition further includes a gasoline-soluble solvent for the platinum group metal compound. 23. The gasoline composition of claim 22, comprising: 24. The gasoline according to claim 23, wherein the solvent is an oxygenated hydrocarbon. additives. 25. The gasoline composition of claim 23, wherein the platinum group metal and oxygen from the solvent are contained in a weight ratio of oxygen to metal in the range of 1,000:1 to 100,000:1. . 26. 25. The gasoline composition of claim 24, wherein said solvent is an alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. 27. 27. The gasoline composition of claim 26, wherein said solvent is ethanol and is used at a level of 0.25 to about 5% by weight of the gasoline composition. 28. 28. The gasoline composition of claim 27, wherein said ethanol is used at a level of less than 1% of the composition and said platinum group metal is present at a level of 0.05 to 0.5 ppm of gasoline. 29. The above platinum group metal compound has the formula: ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ Here, M is a platinum group metal, and R is a phenyl, benzyl, or nitrobenzyl group. 23. The gasoline composition of claim 22, which is a gasoline soluble platinum group metal coordination compound represented by: 30. 30. The gasoline composition of claim 29, wherein M is platinum. 31. Ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, methyl tert-butyl ether, or The gasoline composition according to claim 30, which contains a solvent consisting of a combination thereof. 32. The gasoline composition of claim 31, wherein R consists of benzyl and the solvent consists of ethanol. 33. A patent claimant in which R consists of nitrobenzyl and the solvent consists of tetrahydrofuran. A gasoline composition comprising the desired range item 31. 34. 32. The gasoline composition of claim 31, wherein said solvent comprises methyl tert-butyl. 35. Gasoline and the gasoline contains 0.01 parts per million parts of gasoline. 1.0 part of a platinum group metal coordination compound is dissolved, and the platinum group metal compound has a +2 or +4 coordination state, and one or more coordination sites in the compound are olefin, acetate, etc. A gasoline composition dominated by a functional group having one or more unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds in the form of rene or aromatic π-bonds. 36. A patent claim in which two or more coordination positions are occupied by functional groups having one or more unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds in the form of olefinic, acetylene, or aromatic π bonds. The composition according to the desired scope item 35. 37. The unsaturated bond-containing functional group is further selected from the group consisting of alkyl, carbonyl, amino, nitro, hydroxyl, and alkoxyl groups. 36. The composition of claim 35, wherein the composition is substituted with a logen-free substituent. 38. The other coordination sites are halogen-free and selected from the group consisting of alkyl, carboxyl, amino, nitro, hydroxyl, and alkoxyl groups. 36. The composition of claim 35, wherein the composition is directly occupied by a substituent. 39. If the functional group containing the above unsaturated bond is aromatic, cyclodiene, olefin, or 36. The composition of claim 35, wherein the composition is selected from the group consisting of 40. 36. The composition of claim 35, wherein said platinum group metal is platinum, palladium, or rhodium, or a mixture thereof. 41. 36. The composition of claim 35, wherein at least one of said functional groups is a cycloalkadiene. 42. A diesel fuel assembly comprising a diesel fuel and an additive composition dissolved therein. the additive composition comprises a fuel-soluble platinum group metal compound in an amount sufficient to provide from 0.01 to 1.0 ppm of platinum group metal per part of fuel. Diesel fuel composition. 43. 43. The composition of claim 42, wherein the composition further comprises a solvent for the platinum group metal compound that is soluble in diesel fuel. 44. 44. The composition of claim 43, wherein said solvent is an oxygenated hydrocarbon. 45. 44. The composition of claim 43, wherein said platinum group metal and oxygen from the solvent are present in a metal to oxygen weight ratio of 1,000:1 to 100,000:1. 46. 45. The composition of claim 44, wherein said solvent is an alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. 47. 45. The composition of claim 44, wherein said solvent is octyl nitrate. 48. 47. The composition of claim 46, wherein the solvent is ethanol and is used at a level of 0.25 to about 5% by weight of the composition. 49. Claims wherein said ethanol is used at a level of less than 1% of the composition and said platinum group metal is present at a level of 0.05 to 0.5 ppm of the diesel fuel. Composition of Box 48. 50. The platinum group metal compound mentioned above has the formula: ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ Here, R is a platinum group metal, and R is a phenyl, benzyl, or nitrobenzyl group. 43. The composition of claim 42, comprising a fuel-soluble platinum group coordination compound represented by: 51. 51. The composition of claim 50, wherein M is platinum. 52. Claim 53. The composition further comprises ethanol, octyl nitrate, tetrahydrofuran, methyl tert-butyl ether, or mixtures thereof. The set of claim 52, wherein R is a benzyl group and the solvent is ethanol. A product. 54. characterized in that R consists of a phenyl group and the solvent consists of octyl nitrate 53. The composition of claim 52. 55. 53. The composition of claim 52, wherein said solvent comprises methyl tert-butyl ether. 56. The platinum group metal comprises a diesel fuel and a platinum group metal coordination compound dissolved therein in an amount of 0.01 to 1.0 ppm of the diesel fuel. has a +4 coordination state, and one or more coordination sites of the compound have one or more unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds in the form of olefinic, acetylene, or aromatic π bonds. Diesel fuel compositions that are populated with functional groups. 57. Two or more coordination sites are occupied by functional groups having one or more unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds in the form of olefinic, acetylene, or aromatic π bonds, according to claim 56. Composition. 58. The unsaturated bond-containing functional group is further selected from the group consisting of alkyl, carbonyl, amino, nitro, hydroxyl, and alkoxyl groups. 57. The composition of claim 56, wherein the composition is substituted with a logen-free substituent. 59. The other coordination sites are halogen-free and selected from the group consisting of alkyl, carboxyl, amino, nitro, hydroxyl, and alkoxyl groups. 57. The composition of claim 56, wherein the composition is directly occupied by a substituent. 60. If the functional group containing the above unsaturated bond is aromatic, cyclodiene, olefin, or 57. The composition according to claim 56, characterized in that the composition is selected from the group consisting of 61. 57. The composition of claim 56, wherein said platinum group metal is platinum, palladium, or rhodium, or a mixture thereof. 62. Claims in which at least one of the above functional groups is a cycloalkadiene A composition according to paragraph 56. 63. A fuel additive composition comprising a platinum group metal compound soluble in the fuel is added and mixed to gasoline or diesel fuel in an amount effective to supply 0.01 to 1.0 ppm of platinum group metal per part of fuel. A method of increasing the useful energy of gasoline or diesel fuel for powering an internal combustion engine, consisting of: 64. 64. The method of claim 63, wherein the fuel additive composition further comprises a solvent soluble in the platinum compound fuel. 65. 64. The method of claim 63, wherein the platinum group metal and solvent are present in sufficient amounts to provide oxygen and metal in a weight ratio of 1,000:1 to 100,000:1. 66. 65. The method of claim 64, wherein the solvent is an alcohol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. 67. The solvent is ethanol, used at a level of 0.25 to about 5% of the weight of the fuel. 67. The method of claim 66, wherein the method of claim 66 is used. 68. 68. The method of claim 67, wherein the ethanol is used at a level of less than 1% of the composition and the platinum group metal is included at a level of 0.05 to 0.5 ppm of the fuel. 69. The above platinum group metal compound has the formula: ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ Here, M is a platinum group metal, and R is a phenyl, penzyl, or nitrobenzyl group. The claimed invention consists of a fuel-soluble platinum group metal coordination compound represented by The method of paragraph 42. 70. 69. The method of claim 69, wherein M is platinum. 71. The above method further includes ethanol, tetrahydrofuran, methyl tert-butyl ether. 71. The method of claim 70, comprising: 72. 72. The method of claim 71, wherein R comprises benzyl and the solvent comprises ethanol. 73. A patent claimant in which R consists of nitrobenzyl and the solvent consists of tetrahydrofuran. Scope of Requirement Paragraph 72. 74. Claim 72, wherein the solvent consists of methyl tert-butyl ether Law. 75. Gasoline is present in a fuel selected from the group consisting of gasoline and diesel fuel. 0.01 to 1.0 ppm of a platinum group metal coordination compound, the coordination compound compounds have a +2 or +4 coordination state, and one or more coordination sites in the compound are olefin. A metal containing a platinum group metal occupied by a functional group having one or more unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds in the form of phosphorus, acetylene, or an aromatic π bond is dissolved. Gasoline or diesel engines are operated using fuel containing dissolved metal compounds. How to increase the efficiency of a gasoline or diesel engine. 76. Preferably, two or more coordination sites of the platinum group metal compound are olefins, atoms, etc. 76. The method of claim 75, which is occupied by a functional group having one or more unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds in the form of cetylene or aromatic π-bonds. 77. The unsaturated bond-containing functional group further comprises a halo selected from the group consisting of alkyl, carbonyl, amino, nitro, hydroxyl, and alkoxyl groups. 76. The method of claim 75, wherein the method is substituted with a substituent that does not contain a gene. 78. 76. The method of claim 75, wherein the other coordination sites are directly occupied by halogen-free substituents selected from the group consisting of alkyl, carboxyl, amino, nitro, hydroxyl, and alkoxyl groups. 79. 76. The method of claim 75, wherein the unsaturated bond-containing functional group is selected from the group consisting of aromatic, cyclodiene, olefin, and acetylenic groups. 80. 76. The method of claim 75, wherein the platinum group metal is platinum, palladium, or rhodium, or a mixture thereof. 81. Claims in which at least one of the functional groups is a cycloalkadiene The method of Paragraph 76.