JPS624991Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a switch device that operates by detecting the approach of a person or other object and is incorporated into crime prevention devices, safety devices, etc. as a lighting switch and other various switches.

Conventionally, as shown in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 45-2757, devices for detecting the approach of people or other objects detect low-frequency electromagnetic waves such as power supply hum and noise that are emitted from electric light lines and exist in space. A switching device is known that directly captures a human body as an antenna, sends this as an input signal to a low frequency amplifier, amplifies it, and operates a switching circuit. However, since such devices are configured to capture electromagnetic waves, it is necessary that a current is flowing through the light wire, etc., and if no current is flowing, they will not operate at all and will not be able to perform their function. It was hot. Furthermore, low-frequency amplification of commercial frequencies (50 Hz or 60 Hz) is extremely unstable, with extreme sensitivity depending on the approach position even within the range of the detection location. Furthermore, in recent years, with the spread of amateur radio, etc., a large amount of electromagnetic waves are present in the air, so there is also the problem that the electromagnetic waves can be captured and malfunction.

In view of this, the present invention focuses on the fact that buildings, etc. are not completely grounded, and that an AC electric field from a commercial power supply applied to indoor wiring exists indoors, and the potential generated by the sensing body in this AC electric field is When a person or other object approaches this sensor, it detects the potential change that occurs on the sensor, and operates according to the detected amount. Moreover, the structure is simple and can be incorporated into various devices. The purpose of this invention is to provide a switch device that is

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The configuration of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the switch device 1 of the present invention includes a sensing body 2, a detecting section 3, a discriminating section 4, and a driving section 5. The sensing body 2 is a conductor that generates a potential in an AC electric field of a commercial power supply applied to indoor wiring or the like. This sensing body 2 is connected to a detection unit 3,
The detection section 3 detects and amplifies the potential generated in the sensing body 2. A determining unit 4 is provided following the detecting unit 3, and the determining unit 4 determines the change in the output signal of the detecting unit 3, issues an instruction signal to the driving unit 5, and causes the driving unit 5 to perform a predetermined operation. It is something. The detection section 3 includes a signal input section 3A and an amplification filter section 3.
A sensitivity adjustment volume circuit VOL which connects the sensor 2 to the input end INP of the signal input section 3A, and whose input signal from the sensor 2 has a high resistance to adjust the gain of the entire circuit. The signal is input to a high input impedance preamplifier PA which has a field effect transistor FET and guides the input signal to the next stage amplification filter section 3B without attenuating it. The amplification filter section 3B includes, following the signal input section 3A, a first stage comparator COM ₁ (unsaturated high gain amplifier circuit), an attenuator ATT, and a bandpass filter.
The BPFs are connected sequentially, and the first stage comparator COM ₁
The input signal from the signal input section 3A is amplified by a high-gain amplifier AMP so that even if the input signal is large, the output does not become saturated and the operation does not go out of order. Enter BPF and use this bandpass filter
The BPF extracts the frequency component (sine wave) of the AC electric field of the commercial power supply applied to indoor wiring etc. from the input signal.

Further, the discrimination section 4 is formed by sequentially connecting a second stage comparator COM ₂ (comparison circuit), a rectifier circuit REC, a buffer amplifier BUF, and a Schmitt trigger circuit ST following the amplification filter section _3B . Bandpass filter BPF
When there is no sine wave input from the power source V, DC power from the power supply V is applied to the rectifier circuit REC, and the output of the rectifier circuit REC is applied to the buffer amplifier BUF, so the buffer amplifier BUF does not output, and therefore the Schmitt trigger circuit ST However, when there is a sine wave input, the sine wave is converted to a rectangular wave and the rectifier circuit
Input to REC, buffer amplifier BUF connects to the above rectifier circuit
A voltage is applied to the next-stage Schmitt trigger circuit ST in response to changes in the output voltage of the REC, and the Schmitt trigger circuit ST outputs an activation signal (ON signal or OFF signal) depending on the magnitude of the voltage. There is.

Next, the drive unit 5 has a relay RLY, and connects the various devices 6 through a contact RS that opens and closes when the relay RLY operates. The relay RLY has a discriminator 4.
A drive circuit RD is connected which operates this relay RLY in response to the output of the trigger circuit ST.
When the relay RLY is excited, it closes its contact RS and operates the various devices 6.

With the above configuration, the potential generated in the sensing body 2 due to the AC electric field of the commercial power supply applied to indoor wiring etc. is divided into an appropriate voltage (approximately 2 to 3 V) by the volume circuit VOL of the signal input section 3A. , and is amplified via the field effect transistor FET and sent to the first stage comparator COM ₁ of the amplification filter section 3B.

In the first stage comparator COM ₁ , the output does not saturate even if the input signal is large, and the amplifier
It is amplified by the AMP, and attenuated by the attenuator ATT to an appropriate voltage (approximately several tens of mV) for connection to the bandpass filter BPF, and a capacitor is used to cut off the excess DC component, reducing only the signal component. is transmitted to the bandpass filter BPF.

In the bandpass filter BPF, the attenuator ATT
The frequency component (sine wave) of the commercial power supply applied to indoor wiring, etc. is extracted from the input signal of the input signal. This prevents malfunctions caused by noise other than AC electric fields (for example, electromagnetic waves from amateur radio, etc.).

Therefore, the sine wave output from the amplification filter section 3B is converted and rectified by the second stage comparator COM ₂ and the rectifier circuit REC of the discrimination section 4, but if no person or other object approaches the sensor 2 Schmitt trigger circuit via buffer amplifier BUF
Since the voltage input to ST is low, the first transistor Tr ₁ of this Schmitt trigger circuit ST is non-conductive and the second transistor Tr ₂ is conductive, so that both transistors Tr ₃ and Tr ₄ of the drive circuit RD are in a non-conductive state.
is in a non-conducting state, relay RLY is not energized and its contact RS is open, and various devices 6 do not operate.

On the other hand, when a person or other object approaches the sensing element 2, the potential generated in the sensing element 2 changes, and the output voltage output from the rectifier circuit REC from the amplification filter section 3b via the second stage comparator COM ₂ gradually decreases. When V becomes smaller than a certain value (for example, a value about 3V lower than the power supply voltage), DC power from the power supply V acts on the buffer amplifier BUF, and the voltage input to the Schmitt trigger circuit ST becomes higher. 1 transistor Tr ₁
becomes conductive, the second transistor Tr ₂ becomes non-conductive, voltage from the power supply V is applied to the drive circuit RD via the level shift diode LSD, transistors Tr ₃ and Tr ₄ become conductive, and the relay
RLY is excited to close its contact RS, and the various devices 6 are operated. In this case, the rectifier circuit REC
Since the output is gradually decreased, malfunctions due to sudden potential changes such as fluctuations in power supply voltage (for example, turning on and off of other equipment) are prevented.

Due to the above action, the switch device 1 is activated by detecting the approach of a person or other object to the sensor 2, and when used as a general switch, it can be connected to various devices such as lighting lights and ventilation fans. Can be used for automatic switches that automatically turn on lighting or ventilation when someone enters a room. In addition, the application as a security device is to install a sensor 2 near the entrance of a building to detect the entry and exit of people, and use it to detect various devices 6 such as alarms and indicator lamps.
This can be done by operating the . Furthermore, it can be used as a safety device by incorporating it into a heating device or the like to issue an alarm when an infant or the like approaches a certain distance. Additionally, it can be used in various devices to improve automation, safety, and operability.

The configurations of the detecting section 3 and the discriminating section 4 are changed so that the output is not a simple ON/OFF switching operation, but the detecting section outputs the degree of approach of a person or other object to the sensing body 2. The sensitivity may be adjusted and a logarithmic amplifier or the like may be provided in the discrimination section.

Therefore, as described above, the switch device of the present invention detects the potential change that occurs in the sensing body in the alternating current electric field of the commercial power supply applied to indoor wiring, etc., and can detect when a person or other object approaches the sensing body. Since it is a detection device, it can be detected even when no current is flowing through indoor wiring, etc., as long as voltage is applied, and it works reliably even when all switches in the home are turned off. Because it detects the potential change that occurs in the sensing body in the AC electric field of the commercial power supply,
It has a simple structure, requiring only a receiving side device, has a high degree of freedom in installation location, can be easily incorporated into various devices, has a wide range of applications, and has various practical advantages.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a detailed circuit diagram of the same. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Switch device, 2...Sensing body, 3...Detection section, 3A...Signal input section, 3B...Amplification filter section, 4...Discrimination section, 5...Drive section.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A sensing body made of a conductor, a detection unit that detects and amplifies the potential generated in the sensing body due to an AC electric field of a commercial power source applied to indoor wiring, etc., a discrimination unit that discriminates changes in the output signal, and a signal from the discrimination unit. and a drive section operated by a switch, and the detection section includes a signal input section that amplifies the potential generated in the sensing body via a field effect transistor, and an unsaturated high gain amplifier circuit that converts the signal from the signal input section into an unsaturated high gain amplifier circuit. The discriminator includes a comparator circuit, a rectifier circuit, a buffer amplifier, and a Schmitt trigger circuit connected in sequence, and includes an amplification filter section that amplifies the frequency component of the alternating current electric field through a bandpass filter and extracts the frequency component of the alternating current electric field. When a frequency component is extracted, the sine wave output from the detection section is converted into a rectangular wave by a comparator circuit and inputted to a rectifier circuit. A voltage is applied to the sensing element, and the Schmitt trigger circuit is configured to output an actuation signal to the drive unit in accordance with the applied voltage, so that when a person or other object approaches the sensing element, the sensing element is activated. A switch device that operates a switch by detecting and determining a change in potential that occurs.