JPS6249162A - Flow controller for cooling water of absorption refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (a) Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a device rff that adjusts the amount of cooling water supplied to an absorption refrigerator by controlling the discharge amount or the number of pumps.
i (hereinafter referred to as the device 1).

(b) Conventional technology As a conventional technology for this type of device, for example,
As seen in Publication No. 2216, when the load is 50%, one of the two cooling water pumps is stopped, the operation of the refrigerant pump and the heating of the generator are temporarily suspended, and a predetermined increase in the temperature of the chilled water is performed. It is known to maintain low-load operation of an absorption chiller by stopping one of the chilled water pumps and restoring operation of the refrigerant pump and heating of the generator.

H Problems to be Solved by the Invention According to the conventional device of this kind described above, when the load on the absorption chiller suddenly changes from IOO% to 50%, the chilled water of the two units is stopped after waiting for a predetermined rise in the chilled water temperature. Since one of the pumps is stopped, it is possible to reliably prevent cold water from freezing when the load suddenly decreases.

However, when the load suddenly decreased, one of the two cooling water pumps
Since the machine is stopped immediately, the amount of refrigerant condensed in the condenser rapidly decreases, whereas in the generator, the amount of refrigerant vapor generated does not immediately decrease due to residual heat, so the vapor pressure in the condenser and generator temporarily decreases. This may cause the liquid level in the generator to drop excessively, and the safety device will activate due to an abnormally high pressure or drop in the liquid level in the generator, stopping the operation of the absorption chiller. There was a problem that the operation of the refrigerator tended to become unstable. This problem also occurs when the amount of cooling water supplied to the absorption refrigerator is suddenly reduced by adjusting the pump discharge amount using an inverter or the like.

The present invention prevents the problems that tend to occur when the amount of cooling water supplied to an absorption chiller is suddenly reduced by controlling the number of pumps and controlling the discharge amount, that is, abnormal pressure rises and drops in the liquid level in the generator. The object of the present invention is to provide this type of device that can stably continue the operation of a refrigerator.

B.) Means for Solving the Problems The present invention, as a means for solving the above problems, provides: ``When the flow rate of cooling water supplied to the absorption chiller is suddenly reduced, the steam in the generator or condenser is When a physical quantity sensed by a pressure detector or a detector which senses the temperature of refrigerant liquefied in a condenser reaches a set value or more, a signal from the detector is received to generate a correction signal to increase the cooling water flow rate. This type of device is equipped with a -f filter regulator.

(e) Effect: According to this type of device of the present invention, the amount of cooling water supplied is increased by a signal from the generator's pressure detector, etc., before an excessive pressure rise or liquid level drop in the generator occurs. By increasing the refrigerant condensing capacity of the condenser of the absorption refrigerator and lowering the refrigerant vapor pressure in the °C generator, increasing the amount of absorption liquid flowing into the generator from the absorber side, the liquid level in the generator is increased. Since the absorption refrigerating machine has the effect of raising the water again, it is possible to prevent an excessive pressure rise and liquid level drop in the generator. However, compared to conventional absorption refrigerators equipped with this type of equipment, the operation can be continued more stably.

(f) Embodiment FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram showing an embodiment of this type of apparatus according to the present invention. In Figure 1, (1) is
High temperature generator, (2) is low temperature generator, (3) is condenser, (
4) is an evaporator, (5) is an absorber, (6) and (7) are low temperature and high temperature solution heat exchangers, respectively, (P, l) is a refrigerant liquid pump, (P, ) is an absorption liquid pump These are connected to pipes (8), (9) through which refrigerant flows, pipes (10) through which refrigerant liquid flows,
The pipe through which the refrigerant liquid refluxes (ltl, α ri, the pipe through which the dilute absorption liquid is sent (13), α4), the pipe through which the intermediate concentration absorption liquid flows (
I5), u6), the pipe through which the concentrated absorption liquid flows is connected by the α force and α camphor, and the refrigerant [water] is the same as in the conventional double-effect absorption refrigerator.
and a circulation path for the absorption liquid [lithium bromide aqueous solution].

QgI is the combustion heating chamber of the high temperature generator (1), 120+, ■
... is a pipe for heating the absorption liquid through which combustion gas flows, (21)
is the heater of the low temperature generator (2), (221 is the condenser (3)
(231 is the water cooler for the evaporator (4), and (231 is the cooler for the two-way absorber (5).

(To) is a cold water pipe connecting the water cooler (C) and the load-side heat exchange unit (not shown), and this pipe is equipped with a cold water pump (P,) with a variable discharge amount. Also, 4271,
t29+ is a cooling water flow path in which coolers C24) and (221) are connected in series, and this flow path is equipped with 4 cooling water pumps (PCs) with variable discharge amounts. A fuel supply path to the heating chamber 119) is provided with a fuel control valve (v2).

And (Sal!,) is a calorie detector that senses the cold water temperature and cold water flow rate of each pipe □□□, 3), and the signal of this calorie detector determines the cold water flow rate y)
The discharge amount of the cold water pump (P,) is controlled via the o-ler (CW). The discharge amount of the cooling water pump (P, , ) is controlled through the 'il cooling water flow rate water flow rate controller)'. In addition, (Rc) is a cooling water flow rate regulator built into the cooling water flow rate controller (Cc), and this regulator receives a signal from a liquid level detector (SL) provided in the high temperature generator ill. Liquid level detector (
When the detected liquid level of the pump (PC) is lower than the set value, the cooling water flow controller (Cc)
) The controller (
A command signal for increasing the discharge amount of the pump (PC) is issued to C, )K. Note that the cooling water flow rate regulator 1c) may also be provided with a function of increasing the discharge amount according to the falling F rate of the liquid level in the high temperature generator (1). In order to provide this capability, it is convenient to use a liquid level detector that incorporates a large number of electrodes of different lengths. In addition, pressure detectors (S, .), (S, c), temperature detectors (S
? , ) to the cooling water flow regulator (Rc
) may be input.

When any of these detectors is used, a correction signal is output from the regulator (Rc) to the controller (Cc) when the sensing physical value becomes higher than a set value.

Further, (R1) is a cold water flow rate regulator built into the cold water flow rate controller (C,), and this regulator is connected to a temperature sensor (S?, l
) or the pressure detector (S□) installed in the gas phase of the evaporator f41.
, ) is designed to issue a command signal to increase the discharge rate.

In addition, (STv) is a cold water temperature detector installed in pipe I26), and the opening degree of the fuel control valve (V, ) is adjusted by the signal from this detector via the temperature regulator (Tc). It has become.

Next, the cooling water flow configured in this way) ■: Adjustment device (
An example of the operation of the apparatus (hereinafter referred to as the present apparatus) will be explained together with the operation of the absorption refrigerator.

Now, while the absorption chiller is operating, for example, when the load decreases from 100% to 50%, the refrigeration output of the absorption chiller becomes excessive compared to the load, so the refrigeration output? : The operation for balancing the negative load is started first. 3, that is, the fuel control valve (■,
) is the signal from the chilled water temperature detector (S?W) and the temperature controller (T
c)? : The output amount of the cold water pump (P,) is reduced from fully open to almost half open through the calorie detector (Sm).
The output of the cooling water pump (PC) is reduced to almost half of the rated value via the chilled water flow controller (C,) by the signal from the calorie detector (Smj). is reduced to almost half of the rated value.

However, even if such an operation is performed, the high temperature generator (1
) and the low-temperature generator (2) have residual heat, so the amount of refrigerant generated in these generators is immediately reduced, and the concentration of the concentrated absorption liquid that is sprayed into the absorber (5) changes for a while. Therefore, during that time, the refrigeration output actually continues to be temporary compared to the load. Furthermore, 1. Since the cooling water 1d supplied to the condenser (3) cooler (221) is reduced by half, the liquefaction of the refrigerant in the condenser (3) -1 is rapidly reduced. 5. Condenser (3) , low temperature generator (2) and high temperature generator a: 5I
l) The same vapor pressure starts to increase. Along with this, the liquid level in the -C absorber (high-temperature generator t1) begins to fall because the flow rate of the high-temperature generator (Il-) sent from the 51 side decreases. If left unattended, the liquid level may drop excessively, causing the high temperature generator m to become nearly empty, and there is even a risk of crystallization of the absorbing liquid. In this case, when the liquid level of the high temperature generator (1) falls to the set position, the cooling water flow regulator (
Rc) issues a correction command signal to the cooling water flow J controller (Cc) to increase the discharge amount of the cooling paddy pump (Po), and supplies the removed water to the condenser (:3).
, thereby preventing an excessive pressure rise or liquid level drop in the high temperature generator (1). And a high temperature generator (
When the liquid level of No. 11 rises above the set position, the correction command Iba of the regulator (Rc) to the controller (Ce) is released.

In addition, when the physical quantities of the pressure detectors (S, , ), (S, C), and temperature detector (SPc) exceed the set values, the controller (Cc) is instructed to correct the regulator (Rc) (number 0). Even if the discharge amount of the pump (PC) is increased by transmitting the , the signal from the high temperature generator filO liquid temperature sensor may be input to the regulator (Rc).However, the liquid level detector (S,) may be configured to input the signal from the high temperature generator filO liquid temperature sensor. Since it directly senses the descent, it has the advantage of being able to prevent dry firing in advance, and is equipped with a pressure detector (SP).
c) The temperature detector (SPc) senses the pressure rise in the high temperature generator il+, the pressure drop on the condenser (3) side that causes a drop in the liquid level, and the refrigerant liquid thermometer F, making it difficult to follow the control. It has the advantage of being fast. Also, the transformation of the pressure change on the high temperature generator (1) side is thicker than that on the condenser (3) side.
Therefore, there is an advantage that a pressure detector (Spa) having a higher sensitivity than the pressure detector (5pc) can be used.

In this way, an absorption refrigerator equipped with this device can prevent the abnormal liquid level drop and pressure increase in the high temperature generator that tend to occur when the amount of cooling water supplied to the refrigerator is suddenly reduced. Is it possible to continue operating the refrigerator without activating the safety device? Furthermore, as the discharge amount of the chilled water pump (PW) is halved, the refrigerant temperature and vapor pressure in the evaporator (4) will temporarily drop F'''f'.If these are far from the set values, the temperature will drop. Detector (S?,), pressure detector (
In response to the signal from S□), the discharge amount of the pump (P,) is increased through the chilled water flow rate regulator (R,) and the chilled water flow rate controller (C,), thereby preventing freezing of the refrigerant and chilled water.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural explanatory diagram showing another embodiment of this type of device according to the present invention, and in this figure, 3 shows an example in which the number of cold water pumps and cooling water pumps is controlled. . In addition, in FIG. 2, the same components as those shown in FIG. 1 are designated by the same symbols (S,...
, ), and (STW□) are temperature detectors, which emit signals to the controllers (Cw) and (Cc) in place of the calorie detector (Si, ) shown in FIG. In this example, a temperature sensor (S?W+), (
8, 2), the cooling water flow controller (Cc
) The cooling water pump (Pc) stopped via the liquid level detector (S, , ), pressure detector (S, , ), (S, c),
It is operated again via the cooling water amount regulator (Rc) and the cooling water flow rate controller (Cc) in response to a signal from either of the temperature detectors (S, .). And high temperature generator 1
When the excessive pressure rise and liquid level drop in 1) are prevented and the pressure and liquid level return to normal ranges, the correction command signal from the regulator (Rc) to the controller (Cc) is released and the pump (Pc) is stopped again. In addition, the second
In the figure, for convenience of explanation, two cold water pumps and two cooling water pumps are shown, but it goes without saying that a large number of these pumps may be installed.

Furthermore, in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cooling water flow rate adjusting device of the present invention is shown as a double-effect absorption device. Although the case where the apparatus of the present invention is applied to an f1 refrigerator has been described, it goes without saying that the apparatus of the present invention can be applied to a single-effect absorption refrigerator.

(G) Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the apparatus of the present invention, when the vapor pressure of the condenser or generator starts to rise due to a sudden decrease in the amount of cooling water supplied to the absorption chiller, When the set point is reached before it rises too much? @Adjust to increase the cooling water supply discharge to increase the refrigerant condensing capacity of the 4th condenser, reduce the refrigerant vapor pressure in the generator, and reduce the amount of absorption liquid sent from the absorber side to the generator. can be increased to raise the liquid level in the generator again. For this reason, in an absorption refrigerator equipped with the device of the present invention, excessive pressure rise in the generator (9), drop in liquid ITn, and accompanying dry firing, etc., which are likely to occur when the amount of cooling water supplied is suddenly reduced. This brings about the effect of being able to prevent this type of device from occurring, and the effect of making the operation of the absorption refrigerator more stable compared to the conventional absorption refrigerator equipped with this type of device is brought about.

4 Explanation of the drawings Fig. 1 is a schematic structural explanatory diagram showing one embodiment of this type of device according to the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a diagram showing another example of this type of device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration explanatory diagram showing an example.

(1)...High temperature generator, (2)...Low temperature generator,
(3)... Condenser, (4)... Evaporator, (5
)...absorber, ■),"...tube, 12]1...
・Heater, C3...Cooler, --...Water cooler, 0
4...Cooler, Punishment, Q pin (2 sickles...Cooling water flow path,
(Po)...Cooling water pump, (Cc)...
・Cooling water flow t11 controller, (Rc)...
Cooling water flow regulator, (SL)...Liquid level detector, (
S. Door...pressure detector, (SAC)...pressure detector, (5tc)...hot dust detector.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A detector that senses the vapor pressure in the generator or condenser in a device that adjusts the flow rate of cooling water by controlling the discharge amount of cooling water pumps installed in the cooling water flow path of an absorption chiller or by controlling the number of pumps in operation. Alternatively, a detector is provided to detect the temperature of the refrigerant liquefied in the condenser, and when the flow rate of cooling water supplied to the absorption chiller is reduced by the device, the physical quantity detected by the detector exceeds a set value. A cooling water flow rate adjustment device for an absorption chiller, comprising an adjustment mechanism that increases and corrects the cooling water flow rate based on a signal from the detector when the amount of water reaches the limit.