JPS6247593B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is applicable to interior and exterior surfaces of buildings such as walls, columns, ceilings, and floors, road surfaces such as roads and passages, as well as interior and exterior surfaces.
Concave and convex patterns that are extremely easy and reliable in creating joint patterns, line patterns, scattered patterns, figures, symbols, etc. on the surfaces of various panels and boards used for flooring using concave parts (line engravings and depressions) and convex parts (embossed parts). Regarding the forming method.

Conventionally, for example, we have applied techniques such as adhering and embedding bricks, tiles, and stones, finishing walls using uneven formwork, assembling uneven blocks and panels, and using patterned rollers, troweling, and spraying of convex surface forming materials such as sprayed materials. BACKGROUND ART It is widely practiced to change the interior and exterior surfaces of buildings and road surfaces by various methods, such as by operating a gun, or by using patterns for finishing joint patterns or rod-shaped joint materials.

Each of these has a distinctive appearance, and the construction method, location, and purpose of use are also different.
Recently, a method of creating a high-class finish similar to that of brick or tile bonding using sprayed materials has been adopted. This involves pasting a plastic film or cardboard pattern with a cut out joint pattern on a wall, etc., then spraying the spray material onto it, and then peeling off the pattern when the spray material is semi-dry to reveal the joint pattern. This greatly improves installation efficiency compared to pasting bricks or tiles one by one.

However, because the conventional pattern paper of this type is thin and the joint pattern is formed by peeling off the sprayed material from the construction surface before it hardens, the ridge lines of the convex parts are not clearly visible. Also, it was impossible to obtain thick ground surfaces, and only those with low unevenness contrast could be obtained. On the other hand, when finishing concrete or wall materials with a trowel, it has been practiced for a long time to form joints with rod-shaped joint materials made of wood, rubber, plastic, etc., but in this case too, the joint materials are removed before hardening. It was difficult to express fine irregularities because it required finishing with a trowel and it took time to remove the joint material.

The present invention has been made in view of the above, and uses a polystyrene foam material instead of a joint material or a pattern for finishing the joint pattern, to easily and reliably form an uneven pattern of an arbitrary shape on the surface to be constructed. Further, the depth of the recessed portion can be set arbitrarily, and the ridgeline of the convex portion can be clearly expressed. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

First, FIGS. 1 and 2 show an example of a concavo-convex pattern forming member used in the present invention, which is used to form a joint pattern on a surface to be constructed. This joint pattern forming member 1 is made by laminating and integrating a release paper 3 with a joint pattern 31 molded on the back side of a polystyrene foam sheet 2 with a joint pattern 21 molded thereon via a releasable adhesive (adhesive) 4. Become. Further, on the surface of the expanded polystyrene sheet 2, a covering material 5 having a similar joint pattern is attached using a releasable adhesive 6. This joint pattern forming member 1 is made by laminating a foamed polystyrene sheet coated with a releasable adhesive on one side and a thin plastic film for covering coated with a releasable adhesive on one side on release paper, and then using a punching machine or a laser beam. Formed by cutting out unnecessary parts using pressurized water. Alternatively, a plastic film or styrofoam sheet with a joint pattern punched out in advance, and release paper may be laminated together using a releasable adhesive. This foamed polystyrene sheet 2 may be formed by cutting or molded one by one. Although the thickness of the foamed polystyrene sheet 2 is arbitrary, it is preferably about 2 to 20 mm, especially about 5 mm for normal joints. Furthermore, the foamed polystyrene usually has an expansion ratio of about 20 to 60 times. In the figure, reference numeral 1a indicates a joint pattern portion, and reference numeral 1b indicates a punching (cutout) portion.

Next, a method for forming an uneven pattern using the joint pattern forming member 1 will be explained. First, as shown in FIG. 3a, after smoothing and repairing the wall base 7 as the work surface (base adjustment), waterproof paint 8 is uniformly sprayed at a rate of, for example, about 0.3 kg/m ² . Part of this waterproof paint layer becomes the joint, so if it is colored, the joint will also take on that color. However,
In the case of the present invention, since the convex portion can be made thicker than the base, base adjustment may be easily performed or may be omitted. After the paint 8 has dried, the joint pattern forming member 1 is obtained by peeling off the release paper 3.
Paste. Next, as a convex surface forming material, a spraying material 9, such as a skin type material whose main component is an acrylic resin emulsion, is uniformly sprayed onto the wall surface. The amount of spraying depends on the thickness of the convex portion to be formed, that is, the thickness of the Styrofoam sheet 2, but is approximately 4 to 50 kg/m ²
(The thickness of the convex portion is approximately 2 to 20 mm).
In addition, if the spraying material 9 is mixed with a large amount of powder of brick, ceramics, natural stone, etc., an extremely realistic object can be obtained.

While the spray material 9 is semi-dry (immediately after spraying ~ 1)
After a certain period of time), only the covering material 5 is sequentially peeled off and removed as shown in FIG. 3c. Then, the sprayed material 9a slightly attached to the Styrofoam joint pattern 21 is removed, and the Styrofoam surface is exposed. Note that this peeling off of the covering material 5 can be performed extremely easily, unlike the peeling off of conventional paper patterns.

After the remaining spray material 9b has sufficiently solidified and dried (e.g. after about 24 hours), as shown in FIG.
Apply to a uniform thickness at a rate of ~0.5Kg/ ^m2 . This transparent paint 10 gives gloss and durability to the spray material 9b, but on the other hand, the expanded polystyrene is melted by the solvent (thinner) contained in the transparent paint 10 and shrinks into a film shape. Particularly when the foaming ratio of the styrene foam is high (50 to 60 times), it is easily dissolved by the transparent paint, and joints A are formed as shown in FIG. 3e. Thus, the third
As shown in FIG. f, a spray-painted wall surface 11 is obtained in which the joint portions A are finished in the color of the paint 8 and the convex portions B are finished in the color of the spraying material 9b. However, transparent paint 1
If 0 is not used, the Styrofoam sheet 2 is thick, or the expansion ratio of the Styrofoam is low (for example, 20 to 30 times), the Styrofoam may be melted by separately spraying a solvent such as thinner. If the styrofoam sheet 2 is colored with a pigment or the like, the waterproof paint 8 may be colorless or light colored, thereby saving on pigment. Furthermore, if you mix aggregate powder or attach aggregate particles to Styrofoam, these will remain on the joints, creating an unusual joint pattern. However, depending on the type of solvent, the polystyrene foam may turn into powder and be completely removed, but strong solvents may also attack the sprayed material, so the properties of the convex surface forming material must also be considered. be.

By the way, the joint pattern forming member 1 used in the present invention
Because it does not need to be peeled off from the wall surface like conventional products, re-wetting glue 12 is used instead of adhesive 4 as shown in Figure 4a.
When used, wet the glue 12 or the surface to be applied with water, or form the joint pattern forming member 1 only with the Styrofoam sheet 2 as shown in FIG. It may be attached and fixed by applying an agent. Furthermore,
Figure 4c shows the joint pattern 2 of the Styrofoam sheet 2.
An example is shown in which one part of the cross section is not rectangular. In this way, the rise around the convex portion can be made at a angle other than a right angle.

Next, FIG. 5 shows an example of use when the work surface is a road surface 13 such as a passage or a road. First, the joint pattern forming member 1 coated with the rewetting glue 12 is pasted on the road surface base or a waterproof layer provided as necessary (fifth step).
Diagram a). Next, as a convex surface forming material, a troweling material 14 such as cement, leveling material, or resin emulsion type having excellent hardness and wear resistance is applied flat with a trowel (FIG. 5b). After the troweling material 14 has completely solidified and dried, the Styrofoam sheet 2 is crushed and removed using a rotary wire brush or the like to form joints, and convex portions B formed by the troweling material 14 appear (FIG. 5c). Furthermore, if necessary, the surface may be coated with a resin 15 having excellent wear resistance and strength (FIG. 5d).

In addition, in the case of troweling, since the troweling material 14 does not adhere to the styrofoam sheet 2 very much, the styrofoam sheet 2 is crushed and removed using a wire brush.
Although the covering material 5 is omitted in this example, it is of course possible to use the covering material 5. However, in this example as well, it may be melted and shrunk with a solvent or coating material, or it may be melted with heat (heated steam, heated iron plate, flame, etc.).
However, since Styrofoam changes color due to heat,
It is best to remove melted and discolored material with a wire brush or the like. Furthermore, a combination of a solvent and a mechanical action such as a wire brush may be used. The use of heat, mechanical action, or a combination of these and a solvent can also be considered in the case of walls (particularly in the case of short trenches or small areas).

In addition to the above-mentioned walls and passages, the surface to be applied can be any surface such as columnar ceilings, floors, stairs, and other surfaces of buildings, road surfaces, and even the surfaces of panels and boards that constitute these. In addition to the above-mentioned convex surface forming materials, any material other than wall materials that can be applied with a spray gun, trowel, roller, etc. can be used.

Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 6a, a styrofoam molded product 2' having a joint pattern 21' with unevenness formed by molding or cutting on one side is used, and a troweled material such as wall material or concrete is used to form the molded polystyrene product 2' as shown in Fig. 6b. It is possible to create an embossed pattern C with similar joint patterns. In this case, it is preferable to use a spray-type film forming material as the covering material 5.

Each of the above embodiments describes a method for forming regular joint patterns similar to those obtained by pasting bricks or tiles over a wide area of the work surface.
When the intervals between the joint patterns are wide, the joint pattern forming member 1 is wasted. In such a case, as shown in Fig. 7a, a narrow styrofoam joint material 16
are adhered at predetermined intervals on the surface to be coated, for example, 8 layers of waterproof paint on the wall base 7, and after spraying the spraying material 9, the painted wall surface 11 as shown in FIG. 7b is obtained in the same manner as in each of the above examples. In this case as well, the covering material 5 may be provided as necessary. Unlike conventional joint materials, this Styrofoam joint material does not require removal or finishing with a trowel, greatly improving work efficiency, so it can be used not only with wide spacing as shown in the figure, but also with various joint patterns and mechanical patterns. It is possible to appear.

In addition, as shown in Fig. 8a, a large number of comparatively small styrene foam plates 17 of an arbitrary shape are adhered onto the surface to be constructed, for example, the waterproof paint layer of the wall base, and a troweling material 14 such as wall material is applied. After drying and solidifying,
When these styrofoam platelets are melted and packed in a solvent, these platelets 17 are formed as shown in FIG. 8b.
A painted wall surface 11 having recesses A' having the same shape is obtained. Since these small plate members 17 are each independent, it has been impossible to expose such recesses A' with conventional paper patterns that are peeled off. Furthermore, even if a piece of a board or the like is to be embedded, it takes time and effort to make the mold and finish it afterwards, and conventionally, such a recess A' is not often seen. However, in the present invention, the foamed polystyrene itself is extremely easy to process and can be easily removed using a solvent, heat, or brushing. Although each small plate may be adhered individually, a sheet with the front side of each small plate attached is prepared, the back side of the small plate is adhered to the surface to be applied, and the sheet is peeled off. This allows for easy and regular installation. It is one of the major features of the present invention that the depths of these joints A and recesses A' can be freely adjusted depending on the thickness of the joint material 16 of the small plate body 17 and other foamed polystyrene materials.
On the other hand, it is also possible to vary the construction surface by applying a different color or type of convex surface forming material to the convex section B on the whole or a part of the joint section A and concave section A' thus obtained. For example, FIG. 9 shows a method of laying guiding arrows on the road surface. First, as shown in FIG.
A troweling material 14 such as concrete is applied to the entire road surface (Fig. 9b), and when it is completely cured, the Styrofoam template 18 is melted or crushed and removed to form an arrow-shaped recess B'. Form (Part 9c). Next, a trowel coating material 19 of a different color or type from the trowel coating material 14 is applied to this recess B'. In this way, a very conspicuous sign of any shape can be easily placed at any location. Also, Figure 10a
As shown in FIG.
is adhered and fixed to the road surface 13, a trowel coating material 14 is applied around it in the same manner as described above, and the coating material 5 is peeled off and removed, and then a different color or type of trowel coating material 19 is applied within the frame of the Styrofoam template 20. , each trowel coating material 1
When 4,19 is dried and solidified and the Styrofoam is removed, a label as shown in FIG. 10b can be obtained. By these means, it is possible to place not only arrows but also all kinds of signs, letters, etc. on the road surface, wall surface, and other places of the passage.

As detailed above, the present invention involves adhesively fixing a polystyrene foam material cut or molded into an arbitrary shape to a surface to be constructed, applying a convex surface forming material such as spraying material or troweling material, and drying and solidifying the convex surface forming material. After the foamed polystyrene is removed, a concave portion made of the foamed polystyrene material is formed on the work surface. Therefore, it can be applied to any surface, without the inconvenience that the ridgeline of the convex part becomes unclear due to sagging, and because the convex part can be made to any thickness, and the polystyrene foam itself can be processed very easily, it can be applied to various shapes and heights. It is possible to freely form an uneven pattern of any depth. Moreover, the process of forming the uneven pattern can be greatly omitted and simplified compared to the case of using conventional joint material, joint pattern pattern paper, or other pattern materials, and is extremely meaningful, as it can reduce construction costs.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an example of a joint pattern forming member used in the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line X-X in FIG. 1, and FIGS.
An explanatory diagram showing the order of forming a joint pattern with sprayed material on a wall using the joint pattern forming member shown in the figure.
b, d, e are cut end views, c, f are perspective views, 4th
Figures a, b, and c are cross-sectional views showing examples of other joint pattern forming members with different cross sections of joint parts, and Figures 5 a to 5
d is an explanatory diagram showing the order of forming a joint pattern on a road surface with a troweling material, each of which is a cut end view, FIG. 6a is a perspective view showing another example of a joint pattern forming member, and FIG. 6b
is a perspective view of a joint pattern formed using the joint pattern forming member shown in FIG.
Figures b and 8b are perspective views of the uneven patterns obtained, respectively, and Figures 9a to 9d are explanatory views showing the order in which arrow patterns are embedded in the road surface with troweling material, and both are perspective views. FIG. 10a is a perspective view of a frame-shaped expanded polystyrene template, and FIG. 10b is a perspective view of an uneven pattern formed using the template of FIG. 10a. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Joint pattern forming member, 2... Styrofoam sheet, 21... Joint pattern, 2'... Styrofoam sheet molded product, 21'... Joint pattern, 3...
... Release paper, 31 ... Joint pattern, 4, 6 ... Peelable adhesive, 5 ... Covering material, 7 ... Wall surface base, 9 ...
Spraying material, 10...Transparent paint, 12...Remoistening glue, 13...Road surface, 14... Troweling material, 16...
Styrofoam joint material, 17... Styrofoam small plate, 18... Styrofoam template, 19...
Troweling material, 20...Frame-shaped styrofoam template, A
...Glut part, B...Convex part, C...Embossed pattern.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Styrofoam material cut or molded as appropriate is applied to the locations where recesses are to be formed on the surfaces to be constructed, such as the interior and exterior surfaces of buildings, road surfaces, or the surfaces of various panels and boards used for interior and exterior and flooring materials. After adhesion and fixation, construct convex surface forming materials such as sprayed material, concrete, wall materials, leveling materials, etc., and when the convex surface forming material dries and solidifies, the Styrofoam material is melted with a solvent or heat, or removed mechanically. A method for forming an uneven pattern characterized by the following. 2 The surface side of the expanded polystyrene material is covered in advance with a peelable coating material, and after the convex surface forming material is applied and before drying and solidifying, the covering material is peeled off and removed together with the convex surface forming material attached to the part. The method for forming an uneven pattern according to item 1. 3. The uneven pattern forming method according to claim 1, wherein the concave portions are colored by melting and shrinking a colored Styrofoam material with a solvent. 4. After covering the entire surface of the Styrofoam frame with a coating material, including the inside of the frame, and fixing it to the surface to be constructed by adhesively fixing it, and applying a convex surface forming material outside the frame, the coating material is peeled off and removed, and a different type of material is placed inside the frame. The method for forming an uneven pattern according to claim 1, wherein a colored convex surface forming material is applied.