JPS6247565A - Tunnel excavating technique by anterior guidance control - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To attain tunnel construction running along a planning line by burying a transmitter at the prescribed position in front of digging direction of an excavator, and setting up the receiver synchronizing with the radio wave of specified frequency of the transmitter. CONSTITUTION:A shielding excavator 1 is installed at the tunnel excavating start point and the first transmitter H1 and second transmitter H2 are buried separately in the prescribed depth near the planning line L scheduled for the tunnel excavation. A receiver 2 synchronizing with the specified frequency to be transmitted from both transmitters H1, H2 is fitted to the excavator 1. The specified frequency transmitted from the transmitters H1, H2 is then received by the receiver 2. A surveying equipment, an arithmetic processing unit and a display unit are incorporated to the receiver 2 and the correcting direction and correcting distance of the excavator 1 and excavating geology are displayed correctly by these equipment. Now by performing the track correction of the excavator 1 according to the display thereof the tunnel accorded with the planning line L can be constructed correctly.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (1) Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a leap forward construction method using forward guidance control that is advantageous for use in tunnel construction.

(2) Conventional technology When building a tunnel, the soil quality of the old system site was first investigated in advance and a construction plan was drawn up.

Then, according to the created tunnel construction, an excavator is installed at the starting point of the excavation, and the tunnel construction work is proceeded, but measurements are taken at predetermined intervals to check whether the excavator is proceeding as planned.

Conventionally, the method of measuring the displacement or position of an excavator is as follows:
A survey base was set up at the starting point for the start of the recommended excavation, and optical surveying instruments such as lasers were installed to measure the position, distance, etc. of the excavator as it advanced forward. If the excavation direction deviated from the blueprint, the excavation direction of the excavator was corrected to return it to the planned line.

In addition, a tunnel construction method that targets a movable guidance device that is installed in the direction of propulsion of a breakthrough machine that has a self-propelled function, and controls the propulsion of the tunnel tunneling machine so that the propulsion of the breakthrough machine is in the direction of the guidance device. Especially in the case of curved construction, the derivatives were sequentially moved to positions on the planned line of the curve.

(3) Problems to be solved by the invention With the conventional tunnel construction method, which measures the position, direction of travel, etc. of the excavator from behind the excavator, it is difficult to locate the tunnel in the middle of the tunnel. It was easy to meander.

Therefore, in the surveying method that uses optical surveying equipment that allows light to travel in a straight line, if the construction alignment is a straight line, it is not possible to see from the excavation starting point at the tip of the excavated tunnel, and the surveying method is carried out by moving the surveying point one by one. Due to poor installation accuracy due to the relocation of the survey base, a tunnel was sometimes built that deviated from the planned tunnel line.

Furthermore, working machines placed inside the excavated tunnel become obstacles to surveying, so they must be moved before surveying, making surveying difficult during excavation. Furthermore, even after excavation, time was wasted in measuring the position and direction of the locking machine due to tasks such as moving surveying obstacles. As a result, the work to correct the deviation between the planned tunnel line and the excavating machine is delayed, causing the tunnel to meander more than necessary.

In addition, with the forward control method of moving the guide, especially if the planned line of the tunnel is a curve, the guide must be installed on the curve, and the accuracy of installation affects the accuracy of tunnel construction.

Generally, in the past, the soil quality at the excavation site was surveyed at predetermined intervals before construction began, but during actual construction work, sometimes different geology was encountered, which caused construction delays.

In order to solve these drawbacks, the present invention instantly displays the deviation from the tunnel plan line and the geology of the excavation site without using an optical surveying device or moving the guide in the forward guidance control method. The purpose of this project is to provide an old tunnel road construction method that can deal with this problem.

(4) Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve this object, the present invention buries a transmitter at a predetermined position near the planned line of tunnel construction and in front of the propulsion of the excavator. A surveying device in which a receiver synchronized with radio waves of a specific frequency is installed in an excavator, and the receiver measures the angle and distance to the transmitter and the geology in front of the receiver using the radio waves of the specific frequency. It is equipped with an arithmetic processing device that calculates data from the device, a display device that displays the data from the arithmetic processing device, and a control device that controls the excavator according to the display, and builds a tunnel along a planned line.

(5) Function A transmitter, which is a guide, is buried near the planned line of the tunnel, and radio waves of a specific frequency from the transmitter are received by a receiver attached to the excavator. The receiver's built-in surveying device, arithmetic processing device, and display device should be able to accurately and instantaneously display the geology to be excavated, as well as the direction and distance to which the excavator should be corrected. Then, the trajectory of the excavator can be corrected to accurately build a tunnel along the planned line.

(6) Examples Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Figure 1a shows the positional relationship of tunnel construction equipment viewed from the front. First, the shield excavator (1) is installed at the starting point of tunnel excavation, and the planned line (L) for tunnel excavation is set up. A first transmitter, an f transmitter (Hl), and a second transmitter (Hl) are separately buried at a predetermined depth nearby.

A receiver (2) synchronized with specific frequencies transmitted from the first transmitter (Hl) and the second transmitter (1-42) is attached to the shield excavator.

Figure 1 (1) is a side view, showing the first transmitter (Hl), the second transmitter 1! The position of the threshold (Hl) is shown.

To explain the tunnel construction method using diagrams shown in Figure 2 a and b, Figure 2 a shows the positional relationship between the planned line (L) and transmitter 1 (Hl) and transmitter 2 (Hl) in a plan view. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the side surface corresponding to FIG. 2a.

Ml indicates the position of shield excavation 1 (+) at the excavation start point. Point A and point B indicate the fixed positions of the first transmitter (Hl) and the second transmitter (Hl) buried near the planned line (L).

Here, the line parallel to the planned line (L) and passing through point A]
Assuming an imaginary line (LA), a second line passing through point B in the same way
Assume a defeat line (LB). And the shield look machine (
1) Distances and directions to points A and B based on point Ml are measured using radio waves of specific frequencies from the first transmitter (f(I)) and the second transmitter (H2), respectively.

The angle between point A and the planned line (L) at point M1 is α1
Then, the distance (, Jl) between the planned line (L) and the 11th reflection line (LA) is calculated as J1=MIA 5th 1αl. Similarly, point B at point M1 and the design line (
If the angle with L) is β1, then the design line (L) and the second
The distance (Kl) from the virtual line (L B) is Kl = MI B
−sin β1 is calculated. Since the planned line (β5), the first imaginary line (LA), and the second imaginary line (L[l) are parallel to each other, the seal l"
), it is always constant.

In FIG. 2, the X-axis is a horizontal imaginary line that intersects the plot line (L) at a right angle, and the Y-axis is a vertical imaginary line that intersects the plot line (L) and the X-axis at right angles. A at M1 point
If the angle between the point and the X-axis is Ql, and the accuracy between point B and the X-axis is Ql, then when the shield tunneling machine (1) moves along the planned line (L), β1 and Ql is always a constant angle.

Based on this M1 point, Jl and 1 (distances JIX and KIX in the X-axis direction of 1, distances JIY and KI in the Y-axis direction
Y is J IX” Jl・cosQl = MIA−sin α
1-cosθ1KIX= ni l ・cosQ 1
= MIB −5in β l ・cos
Ql, 11V = Jl-sin θI = MIA-sin
α1-sinθlK n=nito5inQ1 = MIB-
Calculate sin/3+-5in Ql.

Now, seal l” [Shin 1 (1) excavates underground, M2
Consider the case of moving to a point.

During that time, the angles between the planned line (L) and points A and B at two points are α2 and β2, and similarly the angles between the X axis and points A and B are 02 and Ql, and roughly speaking, the angles from point M2 are Point A and B
Measure the distance gftM2A and gft12B to the point. Then, the shortest distance J2 between point M2 and the first imaginary line (LA) is J2=M2A-8 group α2, and similarly, 2 is the shortest distance between point M2 and the second imaginary line (I, B). 2 = M2B-sin β2.

The distance in the X-axis direction of J 2 and 2, respectively, is J2X
and ■ (2×, and similarly, the distance in the Y-axis direction is J2Y
and 2Y, then 1, J2X= J2・cosQ2 =M2A−sinα
2・cosQ2K 2X= K2・cosQ 2=
M2B -5in β 2 ・cos Ql, J
2Y=j2・sinθ2=M2A-s+nα2
・sinθ2K 2V= K2・5inQ 2 =
M2B −5in β 2·5llI Ql is calculated.

X from the calculated line (L) by the measurement jet between point M2 and point A
The deviations in the axial direction and Y-axis direction are △XA and △YA, and similarly, the deviations in the X-axis direction and Y-axis direction from the planned line (L) based on the measured values of point M2 and point B are △XB and △YB. Then, △XA = JIX - J2X = old A-sin aINcos 02-M2A information in
α2ecos θ2△YA=JIY −J2'l' = MIA・sin a 1sin θ2−M2A@
sin a 2・sin e 2ΔXB=KIX
−K2X = MItosinβIφcosQl −M2B11sin
β2-cosQ2ΔY B=KIV −K2Y = MIB-81n βl-5inQ2 − M2[1
It is calculated as number sin β2@5inQ2.

In theory △XA=△XB, △YA=△YB , and does not necessarily require multiple transmitters.

However, in reality, there are errors due to measurement accuracy, so more accurate calculation results can be obtained by averaging multiple deviation amounts.

Therefore, the correction value in the X-axis direction is ΔX, and the correction value in the Y-axis direction is △
Y is calculated as ΔX = < ΔXA + △ It is calculated as Y janLf = - △X. This calculation can be quickly processed by using a microcomputer. Fig. 3 considers the case of building a curved tunnel.

If the radius of the planned curve is R1, and the starting point of the O1 curve is M2, then the arbitrary movement angles Z3, Z4・
・・・・・・Point m 3 on the curve corresponding to Zn,
m 4 . . . mn can be obtained by calculation. By storing this data in a microcomputer and correcting the deviation between the position calculated in m 3 , m 4 . . . nl [1] and the excavator, it is possible to construct a curved tunnel. .

(7) Effects The present invention is a construction method in which the necessary data is surveyed using a fixed transmitter and a receiver installed in the excavation, and the data is processed by a microcomputer etc. to control errors n. There is no need to relocate the base point, and there is no deterioration in tunnel construction accuracy due to poor installation.

Furthermore, there is no need to move machinery, which can be a hindrance to surveying, and construction can be carried out even if the tunnel is curved.

In addition, the accuracy is better than the conventional construction method using the forward guidance control method in which the guide is relocated.

Furthermore, since the geology in front of the excavator is displayed instantly, construction work can be quickly carried out in response to the geology.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1a is a front view showing the location of equipment used in tunnel construction, Figure 11) is a side view thereof, Figure 2a is a planar positional relationship diagram of the transmitter and receiver, Figure 2 3 is an explanatory diagram of the side view, and Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram of the construction of a curved tunnel. (1)...... Shield tunneling machine (2)...
......Receiver (L)...Planning line (Hl)...First transmitter (H2)...
...... Second transmitter patent applicant Mitsui Construction Co., Ltd. Figure 1 O Figure 1 b

Claims (1)

[Claims] A transmitter is buried in a predetermined position near the planned line for tunnel construction and in front of the excavator, and a receiver that synchronizes with radio waves of a specific frequency from the transmitter is installed on the excavator. A surveying device that measures the angle and distance to the transmitter and the geology in front of the receiver using frequency radio waves, a processing device that calculates the data from the surveying device, and a display device that displays the data from the processing device. and a control device that controls the excavator according to the display, and corrects deviations from the planned line.