JPS6246224B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a liquid atomizer,
More specifically, the present invention relates to improvements in fuel atomizers for liquid fuel combustion devices and atomizers for humidifiers.

An object of the present invention is to provide an atomizer that has a simple and compact configuration, has small atomized particles, and can easily adjust the amount of atomization over a wide range. It is in.

Conventionally, various types of liquid atomizers have been proposed and put into practical use. For example, by dropping a liquid onto a rotating body,
There are those that atomize by centrifugal force, those that supply liquid to an ultrasonic vibrator and atomize it by ultrasonic vibration, and those that spray by applying pressure to a small diameter nozzle with a high-pressure pump. However, such atomizers produce atomized particles that are too large in particle size, and when used in combustion equipment, for example, it is difficult to apply pressure with a high-pressure pump to a small-diameter nozzle to atomize.
Although it is commonly used at over 10,000 Kcal/h, there are problems with the ignition noise and soot at the start of combustion, and those with a small combustion amount are unstable and have not been put into practical use. Furthermore, in order to improve controllability, an electric motor and a pump are required, and high performance is required and the cost is high.

Furthermore, as atomizers using electric vibrators, there were also atomizers as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5. To explain this, in Fig. 3, the box 15
An electric vibrator 16 is provided through a packing 17 at the bottom of the holder. A liquid is poured into the inside of the box 15, and when alternating power is supplied to the electric vibrator 16, the electric vibrator 16 vibrates in the vertical direction in the figure. This vibration also causes the liquid to vibrate,
The liquid rises in the center as shown in Figure 3. The liquid then scatters as fine particles, which have a surface state as shown in Figure 4, and are generated by ultrasonic vibrations of approximately 1.2 MHz, which generate surface waves called capillary waves 18. occurs. When this wave is excited more strongly, droplets 19 are generated from the wave crest. It is known that the particle size of the droplet 19 is related to the wavelength of the surface wave, and becomes smaller as the wavelength becomes shorter, that is, as the excitation frequency becomes higher. As described above, the feature of the atomizer of the type shown in FIG. Pillary Wave 18
As a result, the wave crest of the capillary wave 18 is torn off to form droplets 19, and these droplets become atomized. Therefore, in such a device, the surface of the liquid 20, that is, the liquid level, is necessarily required, and furthermore, although such a device can be used with relatively coarse control such as a humidifier, As in combustion equipment, fine particles of liquid fuel generated in this way are successfully transported to the outside,
Furthermore, when transporting by air, there are extremely complicated problems such as how to prevent dew condensation or adhesion during transportation, how to maintain flame in the burner section, and the problem of noise from radios, etc., and currently, combustion equipment It has not been adopted.

FIG. 5 shows what is called a horn type, in which an electric vibrator 23 is provided on the widening side of a base body 22 having a horn shape 21, and an oil feed pipe 24 is provided inside the base body 22. Alternating power to electrical oscillator 23
When the electric vibrator 23 is supplied with the electric power, the electric vibrator 23 vibrates left and right as shown by the arrow. This vibration is amplified by the horn-shaped base 21 and becomes a large vibration at the tip 25. Here, on the oil surface at the tip of the oil pipe 24, a capillary wave 18 as shown in FIG. 6 is generated in the same manner as in FIG. 4, and droplets 19 are generated. The principle is the same as that shown in Fig. 3, but normally the oil pipe 24
The liquid is supplied under pressure using a pump or the like. This system has a horn shape 21, so it can be used in a low frequency range of 20-50KHz, which is free from radio noise, and air bubbles are generated due to cavitation in the oil pipe 24, stopping atomization. However, combustion has advantages and disadvantages, such as temporary extinguishing. As described above, the conventional devices had various defects.

The present invention aims to provide an atomizer that eliminates these conventional drawbacks, and has the following configuration.

That is, a base body having a pressure chamber, an electric vibrator that vibrates the liquid in the pressure chamber, a nozzle section mounted on the base body so that the nozzle faces the pressurization chamber, and supplying liquid to the pressure chamber. a liquid supply port,
and an exhaust port for discharging gas from the pressure chamber, and is configured to fill the pressure chamber with liquid, and the electric vibrator excites the liquid filled in the pressure chamber to cause the nozzle to move. The liquid is sprayed from the nozzle by increasing the pressure of the liquid nearby.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an atomizer according to the invention.

A base body 3 having a pressure chamber 2 forming a horn shape 1
An electric vibrator 4 is provided in the base body 3, a nozzle portion 5 is provided at the narrowed part of the horn shape 1 of the base body 3, and a liquid supply port 6 is provided in the base body 3 for supplying liquid to fill the pressure chamber 2. It is set up. Electric vibrator 4
consists of a piezo vibrator 4b, an electrode 4a, and a diaphragm 4c, and when an alternating power such as a pulse wave or an alternating current is supplied between the electrode 4a and the diaphragm 4c, the piezo vibrator 4
Since b repeats expansion and contraction in the radial direction (in FIG. 1, it expands and contracts vertically), the diaphragm 4c performs flexural vibration in the horizontal direction in the figure. Since the pressure chamber 2 has a horn shape 1, the pressure of the liquid caused by the flexural vibration becomes extremely large in the nozzle part 5 where the horn is narrowed, and the liquid flows from the nozzle 5a of the nozzle part 5 to the left side in the figure. gush. Also, due to the flexural vibration, the inside of the pressure chamber 2 is pressurized and the pressure decreases. When pressurized, liquid is ejected as described above, but when the pressure decreases,
The horn shape 1 acts, and the pressure does not decrease much near the nozzle portion 5, but the pressure around the diaphragm 4c decreases. Therefore, the liquid is sucked and replenished from the liquid supply port 6, and functions as a pump by acting like a kind of liquid diode. Also, the electrical vibration is 20−
There is no noise from the 50KHz radio etc.

FIG. 2 shows a kerosene combustion machine in which the atomizer according to the present invention is mounted, and shows a part of its vertical cross-sectional view. By supplying alternating power to the electric vibrator 4, the inside of the pressure chamber 2 and the exhaust port 7 are filled with kerosene from the liquid supply port 6, and the kerosene is atomized and sprayed into the combustion chamber 8 from the nozzle part. Air is passed through a swirler 10, mixed with fine particles of kerosene, ignited by an igniter 11, and combusted with a flame stabilizer 12 provided to stabilize the combustion flame. Note that 13 is an ignition detector, and 14 is a leveler.

Because of this configuration, it is possible to create a burner with a much simpler configuration than conventional ones.
The amount of combustion can be easily adjusted by simply controlling the diameter of the nozzle 5a and the frequency of the voltage or pulse applied to the piezo vibrator 4b. In addition, since the nozzle diameter can be used with a diameter of about 50 to 200 μm, extremely small particles can be created, so combustion is more stable than conventional ones. In Fig. 1, there are a plurality of nozzles 5a, but it may be one, and it is possible to change the number depending on the amount of combustion, surface tension of the liquid, production technology for nozzle diameter, accuracy of surface finish, frequency of pulses, etc. Further, the exhaust port 7 is a port for removing air inside the pressure chamber 2 when the liquid is filled from the liquid supply port 6 into the pressure chamber 2, or for releasing air bubbles generated by cavitation inside the pressure chamber 2.
Although the nozzle portion 5 has a curved surface in FIG. 1, it may have a flat surface.

The principle of the atomizer of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is as shown in FIG.
When positive power is supplied between the electrical oscillators 4 and
moves up to the dashed line at 26. For this reason, pressure chamber 2
The liquid inside is compressed and tries to escape, but the pressure rises because it is instantaneous. Since this increase in pressure is instantaneous, it becomes a pressure wave parallel to the diaphragm 4c, resulting in a wave motion. When alternating power is applied to the electric vibrator 4, the electric vibrator 4 moves back and forth between the dashed line section 26 and the dashed-dotted line section 27, generating pressure waves. The strength of the pressure wave is amplified in the nozzle part 5 due to the horn shape 1, and even the faint pressure wave generated by the electric vibrator 4 becomes a strong pressure wave in the nozzle part 5, and is pressurized. At this time, liquid flows out from the nozzle 5a. However, since it is a pressure wave, it becomes stronger and weaker, and the pressure instantly becomes negative, so the ejected liquid becomes fine particles. This is because the nozzle 5a is a small hole with a diameter of several tens of microns, resulting in fine particles. When the pressure becomes negative, since the diameter of the nozzle 5a is small,
The liquid is supplied from the liquid supply port 6, and the liquid is supplied from the nozzle 5a.
No air enters the tank, achieving stable intermittent atomization. The effect of amplifying the strength of waves by the horn shape 1 is well known acoustically, and pressure waves are also amplified. The reason why air does not enter from the nozzle 5a is because the liquid tends to stay at a certain point due to the balance between the oil level and the surface tension, which normally reach equilibrium in the nozzle 5a, and a pressure wave is generated at that point. When the pressure is applied, the particles become particles and fly out, but when the pressure becomes negative, the liquid surface moves into the nozzle 5a due to the increased outward surface tension. Due to the application of pressure, the liquid is suctioned and replenished from the liquid supply port 6.

In one embodiment of the present invention described above, the first
As shown in Fig. 7, the pressure chamber 2 has a horn shape, and as shown in Fig. 8, an electric vibrator 2
8. The pressure chamber facing the nozzle portion 29 may have a step shape 30.

That is, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 7, or FIG. As long as the pressure chamber cross-sectional area on the nozzle part 5 or 29 side is smaller than the pressure chamber cross-sectional area on the electric vibrator 27 or 28 side, efficient atomization operation can be performed. .

Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to such embodiments, and any structure in which the liquid inside the pressure chamber is vibrated by an electric vibrator and sprayed from a nozzle can exhibit the same effect. It goes without saying that you can.

In addition, in FIG. 8, 31 is a base body, 32 is an exhaust port, and 33 is a liquid supply port.

As described above, according to the present invention, the nozzle portion is provided so that the nozzle faces the pressure chamber, the electric vibrator vibrates the liquid in the pressure chamber, and the liquid supply port and the exhaust port are provided. Since the pressure chamber is filled with liquid, the structure is extremely simple and compact, and it is possible to obtain good atomization characteristics, and the amount of atomization can be easily adjusted and can be adjusted over a wide range. It is possible to provide a possible atomizer, and its industrial value is extremely large.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the atomizer according to the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a longitudinal sectional view of a combustion device using the atomizer according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of a conventional ultrasonic atomizer, and FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the liquid surface of FIG. 3. ,
Fig. 5 is a configuration diagram of a horn-type ultrasonic atomizer, Fig. 6
The figures are an enlarged view of the tip of FIG. 5, FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the configuration of the atomizer of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the atomizer of the present invention. 2... Pressure chamber, 3... Base, 4... Electric vibrator, 5... Nozzle section, 6... Liquid supply port, 7...
Exhaust port, 8... Combustion chamber, 9... Air blower, 10...
...Swivel, 11...Igniter, 12...Flame holder, 1
3...Ignition detector, 14...Leveler.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A base body having a pressure chamber, an electric vibrator that vibrates a liquid filled in the pressure chamber, and a nozzle section mounted on the base body so that the nozzle faces the pressure chamber. An atomizer comprising: a liquid supply port for supplying liquid to the pressure chamber; and an exhaust port for discharging gas from the pressure chamber, the atomizer being configured to fill the pressure chamber with liquid. 2. The atomizer according to claim 1, wherein the liquid that fills the pressure chamber is a fuel made of a hydrocarbon compound for combustion. 3. The atomizer according to claim 2, wherein the liquid that fills the pressure chamber is kerosene.