JPS624549A - Chip treating device having tool breakage detecting means - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve tool life and finishing accuracy and obtaining a chip treating device having a cutting effect of chips, by providing a breakage detecting sensor nozzle with a scraping member in a chip treating device having breakage detecting means for tools such as a drill and the like. CONSTITUTION:When a tool feed tables 23, 24 retract after a drill 4 mounted on a turret 2 has completed a machining, the drill 4 retracts to an original position and pressurized fluid enters into a right hand chamber 21a of a fluid cylinder 21 so that a scraping piece 10 provided with feed means 6 advances along a twist groove 4a for scraping chips, which are cut by a cutting edge of the drill 4. At the same time, the chips are flowed out by high pressure cutting fluid ejected from a jet nozzle 14. When a scraping bar 10 reaches a tip of the drill 4, it is returned to a prescribed position by a switching of an electromagnetic valve 29. A sensor nozzle 11 is supplied with fluid of a set pressure through a pump 16. As a result, when the drill 4 is broken, the fluid is ejected to reduce the fluid pressure because a tip of the nozzle is released. Pressure detecting means 20 detects the pressure drop for issuing a stop signal so that a machine is stopped.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for removing entanglement of chips from a tool during cutting and for detecting damage to the tool.

The present invention particularly relates to chip disposal and tool breakage detection for tools such as drills and end mills that have a helical groove along the cutting edge around the tool axis. Chips entangled in a tool have many effects, but one that is directly related to the tool is tool damage, and their mutual effects are closely related. Conventionally, such interrelationships have been solved in independent technical fields, and organic relationships have been lacking. For example, in order to solve the above problems, the development of independent devices, equipment, etc. is progressing, and not only is it economically cost effective, but also
This may result in limitations in installation space and compatibility. In contrast to chip disposal, tool breakage detection is preferably done in a good environment that is not affected by external disturbances, but in cases where a single touch sensor is used, tool breakage often occurs However, if chips are wrapped around the tool, it may indicate the presence of the tool and interfere with the sensor's reaction, making accurate detection impossible. The shape of the chips varies under various working conditions, making the solution even more difficult. An object of the present invention is to provide a device that aims to eliminate the above-mentioned problems.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on examples.

1 is the main body of the device of the present invention that is installed on a tool stand that holds tools, and in one embodiment of the present invention, ↓ is a turret 2 that is a tool stand that can index E↓ to a machining position according to a predetermined machining process.
It is attached to a tool holder 3 attached above. 4 is fixed to the tool holder 3 by a tool such as a drill or an end mill having a twisted groove 4a in the axial direction along the cutting edge on the outer periphery. Reference numeral 5 denotes a rotating member that can rotate around the axis of the tool 4 and relatively move in the axial direction. A through hole 5a is provided with a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the tool 4. Reference numeral 6 denotes a feeding means that is supported by a slider 8 that is slidable on a guide portion 7 provided in the main body 1, and is capable of relative feeding movement along the axial direction of the tool 4, and is capable of moving the rotating member 5 of the tool 4. A bearing 9 is rotated and supported so that it can rotate around an axis. 10 engages with the twisted groove 4a and
The rotating member 5 is a scraping piece that is slidable while being guided by a.
The scraping piece 10 moves forward while being restrained by the twisted groove 4a, thereby brushing off the chips wrapped around the tool 4 and scraping the chips stuck in the twisted groove 4a outward. It is. Further, when the scraping piece 10 moves forward toward the cutting edge of the tool 4, it also has the effect of cutting chips by the cutting edge of the tool 4 when scraped from the helical groove 4a of the tool 4. A sensor nozzle 11 is formed in the scraping piece 10 toward the axial center of the tool 4, adjacent to the helical groove 4a of the tool 4, and communicating with the outside. First branch flow path 13 communicating with flow path 12
When the tool 4 is damaged, the sensor nozzle 11
This is a sensor that detects tool breakage by a drop in back pressure of a preset pneumatic or hydraulic fluid pressure injected from the machine. Reference numeral 14 designates a fluid pressure injection nozzle that extends outward from the rotating member 5 toward the cutting edge of the tool 4 and is connected to a second branch channel 15 that communicates with the annular channel 12 .

The annular flow path 12 communicates with an externally provided fluid pressure pump I6 for supplying coolant or a compressor 17 for air supply, and a main flow path 18 attached to the feeding means 6 and a seal 1.
It is airtightly connected via 9. Fluid pressure injection nozzle 14
is determined by selecting the fluid pressure supplied to the main flow path 18.
It can be used commonly as a coolant nozzle or air blow nozzle. When the main flow path 18 is supplied with the amount of cutting oil using the fluid pressure pump I6, the compressor 17. When air pressure is blown into the main flow path 18 using a knee blow nozzle, chips adhering to the tool are removed by the injection pressure of the air pressure. 20 is a fluid pressure detection means provided on the main flow path 18; 21 is a fluid cylinder which is a driving means for moving the feeding means 6 in the axial direction of the tool 4; the fluid cylinder 2 is fixed on the main body 1;
A feeding means 6 is connected to one piston rod 22. The configuration of the working fluid circuit of the fluid cylinder 21 in the embodiment of the present invention will be briefly described. The workpiece held on the spindle is transferred via the tool held on the turret 2 in the direction of the rotational axis of the spindle of a set of tool feeders 23, 24 and in the direction orthogonal to the direction of the rotational axis. Cutting is performed by moving relative to the turret 2, and the drill 4, which is the tool 4, is brought to a predetermined processing position by the indexing action of the turret 2, and the pair of couplings 25 fixed to the turret 2 side. The tool 4 is positioned by the engagement (clamp) of the movable coupling 25a and the fixed coupling 25b fixed to the side of one tool feeder 23 that supports the turret 2. A magnificent view of the fluid piped to the feed stand 23.

A pair of channels 26a and 26b serving as discharge channels, and the channel 26
a and 26b are a pair of flow paths 27a which are separated when the turret 2 is indexed and become a large discharge path that communicates with the tool holder 3 or connects to the fluid cylinder 21 via piping when the turret 2 is clamped. , 27b are a pair of fluid couplings 28
It is designed to be connected through. Fluid is supplied by an external fluid pressure pump I6 or compressor 17 and a solenoid valve 29.
The liquid is injected into the left and right cylinder chambers 21a and 21b of the fluid cylinder 21 through the flow path shown in FIG.

The aforementioned sensor nozzle 11 and fluid pressure injection nozzle 1
A fluid coupling 30 similar to the coupling 25 provided on the working flow path of the fluid cylinder 21 is provided in the main flow path I8 leading to the fluid cylinder 21. The main flow path 18 communicating with the empty compressor 17 is cut off.

Next, as an embodiment of the present invention, the operation of a drill during drilling will be described.

First, the operation of chip disposal in a drill will be explained. The turret 2 is brought to the machining area through the relative feed motion of the tool feed tables 23 and 24, and the drill is brought to a predetermined machining position through the indexing of the turret 2, and the chuck of the spindle is The drill advances toward the rotating workpiece held by the drill, and the drill begins drilling, and chips are scattered all around the shaft of the drill, and burmite-like chips are not only on the margin of the drill, but also on the margins of the drill. It wraps around the C groove and further,
Assume a situation where chips enter the helical groove and become trapped, preventing them from flowing out.

When the hole machining of the drill is completed, the tool feed stands 23 and 24 are moved back and the drill is pulled out from the workpiece, but at the end of the pull-out operation of the drill or when the tool feed stands 23 and 24 return to their original positions, the fluid cylinder 2I Fluid pressure flows into the cylinder chamber 21a of the right chamber of the cylinder, thereby causing the feeding means 6 to move forward along the axis of the cylinder. At this time, the scraping piece IO held by the rotating member 5 is guided by the twisting groove of the drill, slides along the twisting groove, and moves forward. Since the scraping piece 10 rotates along the helical groove of the drill and advances in the axial direction of the drill, chips that have entered the helical groove as well as the margin of the drill are removed from the drill by the scraping action of the scraping piece 10. It can be done. In addition, in parallel with this operation, the chips scraped out from the twisted groove by the scraping piece 10 are
It is forcibly pressed into contact with the cutting blade of the blade, and is cut by bending it.

During this time, a preset high-pressure fluid is injected from the fluid pressure injection nozzle 14 along the axial direction of the drill, and together with the above-mentioned action of the scraping piece 10, chips are removed from the drill. When the scraping upper piece 10 reaches the tip of the drill,
A solenoid valve 2 is installed in the cylinder chamber 21b of the left chamber of the fluid cylinder 21.
9, fluid is injected, the feeding means 6 retreats, and the scraping piece 10 is guided by the twisted groove and returned to its home position.

Next, the operation of detecting damage to the drill will be explained.

If the drill breaks during cutting during the relative movement of the feed means 6 in the axial direction of the drill, in the present invention, the above action is performed after the drilling process, and the scraping piece 10 Chips are scraped out from the helical groove, and damage to the drill can be detected in parallel with this operation. Cutting oil or air pressure at a preset discharge pressure is supplied to the sensor nozzle 11 formed in the scraping piece 10 via the main flow path 18 via a fluid pressure pump 16 for coolant supply or a compressor I7 for pneumatic air supply. The fluid then reaches the spout of the sensor nozzle 11, but the spout of the sensor nozzle 11 is in contact with the surface of the twisted groove of the drill and is blocked to the extent that only a small amount of fluid can flow.

In the process of the above-mentioned chip processing operation, if the drill is broken, the ejection port of the sensor nozzle 11 is released from the twisted groove of the drill, and fluid is ejected from the sensor nozzle 11. At this time, the pressure detection means 20 communicating with the main flow path 18 detects the drop in back pressure of the fluid and issues a signal to stop the operation of the machine, thereby confirming that the drill is damaged. As a second embodiment for detecting damage to the drill, a hole formed in the scraping piece that opens outward toward the axial center of the drill is pressed against the surface of the twisted groove of the drill against the force of a spring 3I. When the drill breaks, the detection rod 32 is released from the restraint of the drill and moves toward the center of the drill shaft via the spring 3I. Through this movement, the operating shaft 33 associated with the detection rod and the cam mechanism moves in the axial direction of the drill, and this is a mechanical method that detects by pressing the detection means provided at the rear of the operating rod and making it electrically conductive. .

From the above, the device of the present invention not only handles chips, but also has the functions of drill damage, coolant effect, or knee blow in parallel with this processing process, and has an organic linkage, and is not only economical and cost effective, but also compact. , without constraining space limitations. The two functions work reliably during each cycle of the machine, and it is possible to improve not only the life of the tool but also the finishing accuracy of the workpiece. In addition, in the chip processing process, the car number saw not only removes chips from the tool, but also has a cutting effect.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of essential parts of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a view showing an aspect in which the device of the present invention is installed on a turret, Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the arrow line AA in Fig. 1, and Fig. 4 FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a second example of detecting tool breakage, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a state of tool breakage. 4... Drill 4a... Twisted groove 10... Scraping piece 11... Sensor nozzle 20... Pressure detection means

Claims (1)

[Claims] When the tool breaks, a scraping member that engages with the helical groove of a tool that has an axially helical groove along the cutting edge and is guided by the helical groove and can slide in the axial direction of the tool is used to generate fluid pressure when the tool is damaged. A chip disposal device equipped with a tool breakage detection means provided with a sensor nozzle that detects tool breakage by sensing a pressure drop.