JPS6244185B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6244185B2 JPS6244185B2 JP56184441A JP18444181A JPS6244185B2 JP S6244185 B2 JPS6244185 B2 JP S6244185B2 JP 56184441 A JP56184441 A JP 56184441A JP 18444181 A JP18444181 A JP 18444181A JP S6244185 B2 JPS6244185 B2 JP S6244185B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- metal
- capsule
- heat
- cover glass
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000006059 cover glass Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 2
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- UPHIPHFJVNKLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium iron Chemical compound [Cr].[Fe] UPHIPHFJVNKLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005355 lead glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/40—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors
- F24S10/45—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors the enclosure being cylindrical
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、簡便にして空焼防止のできる真空管
式高温太陽熱集熱器に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a vacuum tube type high-temperature solar heat collector that is simple and can prevent dry firing.
一般に、真空管式太陽熱集熱器においては太陽
光を効率よく熱に変えるため、集熱器の設置時、
あるいはポンプの停止や故障による空焼き時には
集熱板は必要以上に加熱されて夏場には300℃以
上の高温になる。このことにより集熱板は劣化
し、ついには集熱器の特性を損なうことになる。
従つてできるだけ所定の温度以上にしないような
工夫が重要である。 In general, in vacuum tube type solar collectors, in order to efficiently convert sunlight into heat, when installing the collector,
Alternatively, when the pump stops or breaks down, the heat collecting plate is heated more than necessary, reaching temperatures of over 300 degrees Celsius in the summer. This causes the heat collector plate to deteriorate and eventually impair the properties of the heat collector.
Therefore, it is important to take measures to prevent the temperature from exceeding a predetermined temperature as much as possible.
従来、真空管式集熱器の空焼き防止の目的でカ
バーガラス管の内部に水素透過性のコンテナでで
きた可逆水素ゲツターを設けて温度上昇に伴なう
放出水素による対流熱損失を利用した技術は公知
である。しかしながら、この公知の技術では活性
な水素化物を使う必要があるため、製造時に水素
化物が水素を放出したり、あるいは酸化したりす
る不都合があつた。また、従来例ではカバーガラ
ス管で得られた熱をガラス壁を通して隣接したダ
クト内の伝熱媒体に伝達する構成となつており、
ハメ込み式という点で利用価値が広く優れたもの
であるが、カバーガラス管内に伝熱パイプを設け
たものに比較すれば熱交換ロスが大きく、冷房な
ど高温集熱を必要とする用途には必ずしもよいと
はいえなかつた。 Conventionally, in order to prevent vacuum tube type heat collectors from burning out, a reversible hydrogen getter made of a hydrogen-permeable container was installed inside a cover glass tube, and the technology utilized convective heat loss due to hydrogen released as the temperature rose. is publicly known. However, since this known technique requires the use of an active hydride, it has the disadvantage that the hydride releases hydrogen or oxidizes during production. Additionally, in the conventional example, the heat obtained from the cover glass tube is transferred to the heat transfer medium in the adjacent duct through the glass wall.
Since it is a built-in type, it has a wide range of uses, but it has a large heat exchange loss compared to a heat transfer pipe installed inside a cover glass tube, so it is not suitable for applications that require high-temperature heat collection such as air conditioning. It wasn't necessarily good.
これに対して上記欠点に鑑み、金属水素化物を
内部に密閉した密閉容器を設けて、これを真空排
気したカバーガラス管内で開封することを特徴と
する真空管式太陽熱集熱器の製造方法が提案され
ている。しかしながら、この方法ではどんな種類
の水素吸蔵金属材料の使用も可能であるという長
所はあるが、予め比較的煩雑な金属水素化物の形
成行程が必要となるため製造コストが高価にな
り、さらに空焼防止の目的からガラス製密閉容器
は集熱板あるいは集熱管に密接していることが必
要であるため、機械的破壊方法などは使用できず
開封手段はおのずと制限されてしまうという欠点
があつた。 In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, a method for manufacturing a vacuum tube type solar heat collector has been proposed, which is characterized by providing a sealed container with a metal hydride sealed inside and opening the container inside an evacuated cover glass tube. has been done. However, although this method has the advantage that it is possible to use any kind of hydrogen-absorbing metal material, it requires a relatively complicated metal hydride formation process in advance, which increases manufacturing costs, and also requires air sintering. For the purpose of prevention, it is necessary for the glass sealed container to be in close contact with the heat collecting plate or heat collecting tube, so mechanical destruction methods cannot be used, and the means of opening the container are naturally limited.
本発明は、これらの欠点を解消し製造工程の簡
略化と経済性を高めようとするもので、水素ガス
を内部に封入した密閉容器を設け、真空排気後、
開封することにより、水素吸蔵用金属に水素化を
行なわせて、空焼防止のできる真空管式集熱器を
提供するものであり、以下のような特長を有する
ものである。小形密閉容器の水素化および真空
排気工程が省略できるため、製造設備が簡単とな
り、特別な水素化工程が不要となるので製造コス
トを下げられる。一定量の水素を封入できるた
め正確に水素平衡圧を設定できる。さらに、カ
プセルの装着位置やその保持も任意でよく結果的
に開封されればよい。 The present invention aims to solve these drawbacks and to simplify the manufacturing process and improve its economic efficiency.The present invention aims to simplify the manufacturing process and increase its economic efficiency.
By opening the package, the hydrogen storage metal is hydrogenated to provide a vacuum tube type heat collector that can prevent dry firing, and has the following features. Since the hydrogenation and vacuum evacuation steps of a small closed container can be omitted, the manufacturing equipment becomes simple, and a special hydrogenation step is not required, so the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Since a certain amount of hydrogen can be sealed, the hydrogen equilibrium pressure can be set accurately. Furthermore, the mounting position of the capsule and its holding may be arbitrary, as long as the capsule is eventually opened.
以下、本発明の詳細について説明する。金属水
素化物の水素吸蔵、放出現象を利用して空焼きを
防ぐ真空管式太陽熱集熱器において、まず、カバ
ーガラス管の内部に水素吸蔵可能な金属または合
金を内部に収納した容器と前記金属を水素化する
に必要な水素を内部に封入した密閉容器を設け、
250℃以上で脱ガス処理をする。これを第１段階
とする。次いでこの密閉容器を壊すのであるが、
いかなる手段を用いてもよい。たとえば機械的な
方法でも電磁誘導を用いる方法でもよい。 The details of the present invention will be explained below. In a vacuum tube solar heat collector that prevents dry firing by utilizing hydrogen absorption and release phenomena of metal hydrides, first, a container containing a metal or alloy capable of storing hydrogen inside a cover glass tube and the metal are placed inside a cover glass tube. A sealed container containing the hydrogen necessary for hydrogenation is installed,
Perform degassing treatment at 250℃ or higher. This is the first step. Next, we break this airtight container,
Any means may be used. For example, a mechanical method or a method using electromagnetic induction may be used.
後者の場合について本発明の詳細について説明
する。密閉容器の少くとも一部をガラス質で構成
し、一般的にはソーダガラスや鉛ガラスなどの円
筒形ガラスカプセルまたは金属容器にガラス管を
融着したものが使用できる。上記カプセルを開封
する加熱素子としてはモリブデン、タングステ
ン、鉄クロム、ニツケルクロムやニツケルのよう
な高周波によつて加熱されやすい金属線がよい。
加熱素子と環状体を形成して上記カプセルを固定
保持する金具としてはリン青銅のような弾性を有
し、かつ高周波によつて加熱されにくいものか、
もしくは熱膨張率の異なる材質をはりあわせたも
ので熱によつて弾性を得られるものがよい。 The details of the present invention will be explained regarding the latter case. At least a portion of the airtight container is made of glass, and generally a cylindrical glass capsule made of soda glass or lead glass, or a metal container with a glass tube fused to it can be used. The heating element for opening the capsule is preferably a metal wire that is easily heated by high frequency waves, such as molybdenum, tungsten, iron chromium, nickel chrome, or nickel.
The metal fittings that form an annular body with the heating element to securely hold the capsule are made of a material that has elasticity such as phosphor bronze and is not easily heated by high frequency waves.
Alternatively, it is preferable to use materials made of materials with different coefficients of thermal expansion that can be made elastic by heat.
さらに機械的な方法については、カプセルのガ
ラス部分を鋼球によつて衝撃的に破壊するかまた
はカプセルをカバーガラス管壁に落下させて破壊
する方法が使用できる。 Further mechanical methods include breaking the glass part of the capsule by impact with a steel ball or breaking the capsule by dropping it onto the wall of a cover glass tube.
上記カプセルの封入水素量は真空管式集熱器の
特性を損なわない目的から、水素封入によつて形
成する水素化物の水素解離圧が一般的には一定温
度以下において約10-3torr以下であり、所望上限
温度で約10-2〜10-1torr以上になるように決め
る。 The amount of hydrogen sealed in the capsule is determined so that the hydrogen dissociation pressure of the hydride formed by hydrogen filling is generally about 10 -3 torr or less at a certain temperature or lower, in order not to impair the characteristics of the vacuum tube type heat collector. , the desired upper limit temperature is determined to be approximately 10 -2 to 10 -1 torr or higher.
以下、本発明の実施例について図面に従つて説
明する。第１図は本発明の真空管式集熱器の一実
施例の縦断面図で、図において１は真空式集熱器
のカバーガラス管、２は集熱板、３は熱媒体を通
す銅パイプ、４は水素吸蔵可能な金属を適量入
れ、焼結金属フイルターによりフタをした銅製容
器でネジにより集熱板２に固定保持されている。
また５は水素を適量密閉封入したガラスカプセル
で金具６によつてパイプ３に固定保持されてい
る。第２図および第３図は使用されるカプセルの
一例を示す図で、φ0.2ミリのモリブデン線から
なる加熱素子７の両端を弾性を有するリン青銅製
の金属板８に溶接して形成した環状体の弾性によ
つてカプセル５を固定保持している。カバーガラ
ス管の外周を取巻く一次コイルに交流電流を通じ
ると環状体に誘導電流が生じ、加熱素子７に電流
を通じるのでカプセル５は溶けて開封される。こ
のとき金属板８の弾性によつて加熱素子７はカプ
セルに密着してカプセルが溶けたときにカプセル
内にくい込んで開封を可能とする。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the vacuum tube type heat collector of the present invention, in which 1 is a cover glass tube of the vacuum type heat collector, 2 is a heat collection plate, and 3 is a copper pipe through which a heat medium passes. , 4 is a copper container filled with an appropriate amount of metal capable of absorbing hydrogen and covered with a sintered metal filter, and is fixedly held on the heat collecting plate 2 with screws.
Further, 5 is a glass capsule in which an appropriate amount of hydrogen is hermetically sealed and is fixedly held on the pipe 3 by a metal fitting 6. Figures 2 and 3 are diagrams showing an example of the capsule used, which is formed by welding both ends of a heating element 7 made of a molybdenum wire with a diameter of 0.2 mm to an elastic metal plate 8 made of phosphor bronze. The capsule 5 is held fixed by the elasticity of the annular body. When an alternating current is passed through the primary coil surrounding the outer periphery of the cover glass tube, an induced current is generated in the annular body, and current is passed through the heating element 7, so that the capsule 5 is melted and opened. At this time, the heating element 7 comes into close contact with the capsule due to the elasticity of the metal plate 8, and when the capsule melts, it sinks into the capsule and can be opened.
さらに機械的な方法を用いた別の実施例につい
て説明する。第４図はカプセルの置き方を示すも
ので、金具９によつてパイプ３に引つかけてあ
る。緩やかな回転には外れないが急激な回転およ
び振動によりパイプから外れ、管壁に衝突して破
壊し、カプセル内の水素がカバーガラス管内に充
満して内部の水素吸蔵用金属または合金を水素化
する。 Further, another example using a mechanical method will be described. FIG. 4 shows how to place the capsule, which is hooked onto the pipe 3 by means of a metal fitting 9. Although it does not come off due to gentle rotation, it comes off from the pipe due to rapid rotation and vibration, collides with the tube wall and breaks, and the hydrogen inside the capsule fills the cover glass tube and hydrogenates the hydrogen storage metal or alloy inside. do.
そして上記の水素吸蔵可能な金属としてZr−
Mn合金を使用した一例では400℃で脱ガス後、同
温度で水素化したものは100℃以下の温度範囲で
は１×10-3torr以下の水素平衡圧となつて減圧に
なるが200℃以上では水素平衡圧が約１×
10-2torr以上となつた。 And Zr− as the metal capable of absorbing hydrogen mentioned above.
In one example using a Mn alloy, after degassing at 400℃ and hydrogenating at the same temperature, the hydrogen equilibrium pressure becomes 1×10 -3 torr or less in the temperature range below 100℃ and the pressure decreases, but above 200℃ Then the hydrogen equilibrium pressure is about 1×
It reached over 10 -2 torr.
以上のように、本発明は水素吸蔵可能な金属を
内部に収納した容器と水素を内部に密閉した容器
をカバーガラス管内に設けて減圧した後、前記密
閉容器の一部を開封することにより水素化を行な
うことを特徴とし、これによつて製造時に水素を
放出したり、あるいは金属水素化物が酸化するの
を防止することができる。 As described above, the present invention provides a container in which a metal capable of storing hydrogen is stored and a container in which hydrogen is sealed inside, are provided in a cover glass tube, the pressure is reduced, and then a portion of the sealed container is opened, whereby hydrogen is absorbed. It is characterized by carrying out oxidation, which can prevent hydrogen from being released during production or oxidation of the metal hydride.
第１図は本発明の一実施例による真空管式の太
陽熱集熱器の断面図、第２図、第３図、第４図は
第１図の要部構成図である。
１……カバーガラス管、２……集熱板、４……
銅パイプ、４……銅製容器、５……カプセル、６
……金具、７……加熱素子、８……弾性金属板、
９……金具。
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a vacuum tube type solar heat collector according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 are configuration diagrams of the main parts of FIG. 1. 1... Cover glass tube, 2... Heat collection plate, 4...
Copper pipe, 4...Copper container, 5...Capsule, 6
...Metal fitting, 7...Heating element, 8...Elastic metal plate,
9...Metal fittings.
Claims (1)
板に接続される熱媒体パイプと、水素吸蔵可能な
金属もしくは合金を内部に収納した容器と、カバ
ーガラス管内に封入後開封される水素封入容器を
前記カバーガラス管内に封入したことを特徴とす
る真空管式高温太陽熱集熱器。1. A heat collector plate that converts sunlight into heat, a heat medium pipe connected to the heat collector plate, a container containing a metal or alloy capable of storing hydrogen, and a cover glass tube that is sealed and then opened. A vacuum tube type high-temperature solar heat collector, characterized in that a hydrogen-filled container is sealed in the cover glass tube.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56184441A JPS5886351A (en) | 1981-11-19 | 1981-11-19 | Vacuum tube type high temperature solar heat collector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56184441A JPS5886351A (en) | 1981-11-19 | 1981-11-19 | Vacuum tube type high temperature solar heat collector |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5886351A JPS5886351A (en) | 1983-05-23 |
| JPS6244185B2 true JPS6244185B2 (en) | 1987-09-18 |
Family
ID=16153198
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP56184441A Granted JPS5886351A (en) | 1981-11-19 | 1981-11-19 | Vacuum tube type high temperature solar heat collector |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5886351A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0276272U (en) * | 1988-11-30 | 1990-06-12 | ||
| JPH02127865U (en) * | 1989-03-30 | 1990-10-22 | ||
| JPH0488776U (en) * | 1990-07-17 | 1992-07-31 |
-
1981
- 1981-11-19 JP JP56184441A patent/JPS5886351A/en active Granted
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0276272U (en) * | 1988-11-30 | 1990-06-12 | ||
| JPH02127865U (en) * | 1989-03-30 | 1990-10-22 | ||
| JPH0488776U (en) * | 1990-07-17 | 1992-07-31 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5886351A (en) | 1983-05-23 |
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