JPS6241917B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention provides general goods ships, lumber transport ships, coal transport ships,
The present invention relates to a container stowage method that enables safe and quick mixed loading of containers of different sizes on a multi-purpose cargo ship such as a grain transport ship, and eliminates the occurrence of cargo collapse.

Conventionally, full container ships or multipurpose cargo ships have been used to transport large containers by sea.

The full container ship has guide rails made of four steel angles and a supporting structure, or cell guide, that divides the hold into a number of vertically long cells that match the length and width of the container. Containers are stacked and stored vertically using cell guides.

However, in a multi-purpose cargo ship, general cargo other than containers must be loaded, so providing the cell guide is not preferable because it becomes a hindrance when loading and unloading general cargo.

Therefore, when transporting containers on a multi-purpose cargo ship, many latching devices are used to prevent containers from collapsing due to rolling, pitching, etc. of the ship's hull.

In this case, although it is not generally known, even if the latching device is installed, the installation of the latching device will be restricted depending on the hull structure and type of ship, and it will be applied to limited types of ships. Only containers were loaded, and even though loading and lashing required a great deal of labor and expense, there were many cases of containers collapsing. (Example: Tokko Akira
47-46391) Also, according to international standards, containers are approximately
It is 6.1m and approximately 12.2m, width is approximately 2.4m, height is approximately 2.4m and approximately 3.6m, the strength in the stacking direction is 6 steps, and the strength in the lateral direction is 15 tons.Wire rope, chain, Containers will not be destroyed under normal loading conditions, such as lashing with rod bars, and when there is almost no rolling or pitting of the ship, but when rolling or pitting occurs, containers may become latched. The container cannot be held safely and the container may collapse. (Example: Tokuko Showa 47-
No. 46391, 1972-32350, JP-A-54-57777
In this case, the container was damaged due to a load that exceeded the strength specified by international standards.

The present invention involves positioning and stacking containers of approximately 6.1 m or approximately 12.2 m at the bottom of a ship's hold, connecting the containers to form a single block, and subjecting the block to horizontal forces. It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks by connecting the support member to the ship's hull.

The container stowage means of the present invention places the lowest containers at predetermined positions on a deck in a ship's hold, and connects each container to each other through positioning guides that can connect the containers forward, backward, left and right, and up and down. The containers are stacked on top of each container stacked at the lowest level, and the containers are stacked one after the other through the vertical, front and rear, and left and right connection guides as described above. , the left and right, front and rear containers are connected to each other to make the whole into one block, and chock guides are fixed facing each other on the inner wall of the hold corresponding to the permissible limit stage, and by each pair of chock guides or between the chock guides. Each container at the permissible limit position is supported in a cradling manner via a stacking beam horizontally supported by the ship, and the containers are stacked so that the horizontal load of the containers is directly received by the ship. do.

On the multi-stage stacking container described above, items can be further stacked one by one using the same means as described above.

Embodiments Hereinafter, the container stowage means of the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings showing embodiments.

A is the hull of a multi-purpose cargo ship, in which recesses 1, 2, 3, and 4 are provided to determine the stowage position of containers on a deck in the ship's hold, and a guide 1 is provided to correctly position the containers in each recess. ',2',3',
4' are provided in a removable manner, brackets 5 and 6 are provided at predetermined positions on the side wall of the ship's hold, and chock guides 5' and 6' for receiving the horizontal load of the container are provided in each of the brackets in a removable manner. A topside chock 9 is removably provided in a hatch formed in the upper part of the hull A to receive the horizontal load of the uppermost container among the stacked containers.

The brackets 5 and 6 may be provided integrally with the side wall of the ship, or may be provided removably on the side wall of the ship.

The guides 1', 2', 3', 4' are, for example, a third guide.
As shown in FIGS. 5 to 5, the recess 1,
Legs 13, 23, 33, 4 that can be fitted with 2, 3, 4
The chevron-shaped protrusions 12, 2 guide the container to a predetermined position on the upper surface of the plate material 14, 24, 34, 44 on which the
2, 32, 42 and 1 piece or 2 pieces,
Or, four engaging protrusions 11, 21, 31, 41 are erected, and the engaging protrusions 11, 21, 31, 41
can be inserted into engaging recesses at the four corners of the bottom of the lowest container.

The function of each of the above guides is as shown in FIG.
However, the chevron-shaped protrusion 12 bent in a square shape is positioned at the outer corner of each recess so as to be able to hold the outer corner surface of the container.

In the figure, recesses 1 at the upper and lower, left and right corners,
Each guide 2' is fitted and fixed by each leg 23 into a recess 2, 2, 2, 2 at a predetermined position between 1, 1, 1.
At this time, each of the chevron-shaped protrusions 22 is arranged in the direction shown in FIG. 4 so as to separate and guide the adjacent left and right containers by their inclined surfaces. In the figure, the recess 1 on the other side,
In the recesses 3, 3... between 1, 1, 1, the guide 2
and each guide 3' of the configuration is changed in direction, that is, the fourth
After being rotated 90 degrees from the state shown in the figure, each leg 33 is fitted and fixed so that each outer corner of the vertically adjacent containers in the figure is separated and guided by the chevron-shaped protrusion 32.

The guide 4' has recesses 4, 4, .
The legs 43 are fitted and fixed into holes (not shown) provided in the container, and each engaging protrusion 41 is engaged with an engaging recess at one corner of each of the four adjacent containers.

In this case as well, the chevron-shaped protrusion separates and guides adjacent containers. Note that the direction of the chevron-shaped protrusion does not matter.

The chock guides 5', 6' are, for example, the sixth
As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 7, arm rods 51, 51, 51, 61, 6 are provided at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction and horizontal direction, respectively, and inclined horizontally and rearwardly downward.
1 and 61, and connecting rods 53, 53, 63, 63 facing vertically and horizontally are fixed between the base end portions, and the arm rods 51, 51,51,61,6
1, 61, brackets 5, 5, 5,
Engagement protrusion 5 inserted into the hole drilled in 6, 6, 6
4, 54, 54, 64, 64, 64 are installed vertically. Note that 55 and 65 are pads inserted between the receiving plates 52 and 62 and the container;
2, an inclined guide surface provided at the upper or lower part of 62;
57 and 67 are reinforcing plates.

The choke guides 5' and 6' have a substantially Y-shaped planar configuration and a right-angled triangular shape for side support, and have high shape resistance, and support the container in an abutment shape, which is reliable and strong.

The top side chock 9 is made of a plate material 92, for example, as shown in FIG. A connecting portion 93 is provided at the end portion, the distance being approximately equal to the distance between the container and the inner surface of the hatch, and the other end portion of the connecting portion 93 is supported by a receiver 94 provided on the hull A. In addition, 95 is the plate material 92 and the connecting part 9
It is a wedge inserted between 3 and 3.

In addition, the guides 1'', 2'', 3'', and 4'' for positioning the upper and lower containers are also used for the guides 1', 2',
It has almost the same structure as 3' and 4', and the legs can be fitted into recesses at the four corners of the upper surface of the lower container, respectively. Furthermore, a long stacking beam 10 may be used in place of the guides 1'', 2'', 3'', and 4'' for each predetermined stage.

When loading approximately 6.1m containers and approximately 12.2m containers into the hold of a multipurpose cargo ship using the above-mentioned guides, chock guides, stacking beams, etc., as shown in Figure 9, about
Recesses 1, 2, 3, and 4 on the deck correspond to the positions for loading 6.1m containers and approximately 12.2m containers.
After setting guides 1', 2', 3', and 4' respectively,
When the container is lowered through the hatch using a crane or the like, the container is accurately positioned by the chevron-shaped protrusions 12, 22, 32, and 42, and the engaging recesses of the container and the guides 1', 2', 3', and 4' are aligned. Engagement protrusion 1
1, 21, 31, and 41 are engaged with each other to restrict movement in the horizontal direction.

Next, when stacking the second container from the lowest level, the legs of guides 1″, 2″, 3″, and 4″ are engaged with the engaging recesses in the upper corners of the lowest container. After that, by engaging the engagement recess in the bottom corner of the second tier container with the engagement protrusion, the second tier container will also be accurately positioned, and the containers will be stacked in sequence. be able to.

In addition, in the middle of stacking containers, before stacking containers at a desired tier with a container load at or below a predetermined allowable limit tier, the chock guides 5' and 6' are moved to a predetermined allowable limit tier or a desired tier. Attach it to the brackets 5, 6 at the wall surface positions corresponding to the brackets 5, 6 of the choke guides 5', 6'
By pushing the padding 55, 65 between the container 2 and the outermost container stacked on the tier, the entire container can be treated as one block to receive horizontal force more firmly. Further, when a stacking beam is used, since the stacking beam has a length more than twice the width of the container, adjacent containers can be more securely fixed to each other.

Furthermore, after a predetermined number of containers are stacked on the upper level, a top side chock 9 is provided in the engagement recess at the corner of the upper surface of the uppermost container, so that the container can be connected to the connecting portion 93 of the top side chock 9. It is firmly supported by the wedge 95 on the inside wall of the opening of the hatch.

Next, by providing a small number of latching devices 27 and 29 between the containers of a predetermined stage and the lower part of the ship's hold to prevent the containers from flying up, all the containers can be reliably stowed in the ship's hold.

As described above, when containers of the present invention are loaded onto a multipurpose cargo ship, a large number of containers can be supported as a whole by guides on the deck and chock guides provided on the side walls corresponding to predetermined stages. This eliminates the need for complicated cell guides or mounting frames that require time and space to install, and since the horizontal load is directly applied to the ship's hull, it is possible to almost eliminate container cargo collapse.

Furthermore, in the method using stacking beams, since the stacking beam has a length that is more than twice the width of the container, adjacent containers can be more securely fixed to each other.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a plan view, FIGS. 3 to 5 are perspective views showing guides 1', 2', 3', and 4', and FIGS. 6 and 7 are diagrams showing choke guides 5' and 6'. Perspective view,
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the top side chock 9, and FIG. 9 is a plan view showing the state in which the lowest container is stacked. 1', 2', 3', 4'...guide, 5', 6'...chock guide, 9...top side chock.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Place the lowest containers in the designated positions on the deck in the hold, and move each container forward and backward, left and right,
Each container is stacked via each guide for positioning that can be connected vertically, and the containers are stacked on top of each container stacked at the lowest level via each guide for connecting vertically, longitudinally, and horizontally as above. The upper and lower, left and right, front and rear containers that have been stacked up to a predetermined permissible limit are connected to each other to form one block, and a chock guide is placed against the inner wall of the hold corresponding to the permissible limit stage. Each container at the permissible limit position is supported by the pair of chock guides or via a stacking beam horizontally supported between the chock guides, and the container is placed on the ship's hull in the horizontal direction. A method of stowing containers on a multi-purpose cargo ship, which is characterized by stowing containers so that they directly receive the load of the cargo.