JPS6241681B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

This invention is a plant hormone that uses ozone to promote and suppress the growth of vegetables, fruits, and fungi, such as delaying the aging of vegetables and fruits to maintain their freshness, and accelerating the growth of fungi. The present invention relates to a method for promoting and inhibiting the growth of vegetables, fruits, and mushrooms by adjusting the amount of . Ozone is used for various purposes such as sterilization, decolorization, and deodorization by utilizing its oxidizing power, but its relationship with plant growth is not clear, and there is no known method for freely regulating plant growth. . This invention was made in view of the above points,
Its purpose is to control the generation or extinction of ethylene as a plant hormone in vegetables, fruits, and mushrooms by intermittent or continuous generation of ozone atmosphere. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for regulating the growth promotion/suppression of. Examples of the present invention will be described below. Yellow cucumber, melon, rose, strawberry, asparagus,
Plants such as cod roe, bean sprouts, enoki mushrooms, shimeji mushrooms, and oyster mushrooms are placed in an ozone atmosphere by spraying several ppm of ozone for 2 to 3 hours, depending on the type of plant. . In the present invention, the plant body is used as a general term for vegetables, fruits, and mushrooms. Thereafter, the supply of ozone is stopped, and the plant is placed in an ozone atmosphere intermittently, such as by returning to the ozone atmosphere after 6 to 7 days, thereby actively promoting the growth of the plant. The ozone atmosphere is formed in the growth room,
Alternatively, this can be done by supplying ozone from an ozone generator to a storage room or the like. In addition, exhaust can be achieved by ventilation using a fan or the like. According to the results of experimental research conducted by the present inventor, ozone naturally decomposes and changes into oxygen gas within about 2 hours, but during these 2 hours, ozone strongly stimulates plants.
Plants produce ethylene gas as a plant hormone.
It can be determined that 50ppb to several ppm is generated continuously, and the length of this intermittent time,
Depending on the ozone concentration, the growth of the plant can be finely adjusted, and the shipping date and time can be adjusted.
In addition, the yield increases, and the growth-promoting hormone significantly shortens the growing period and improves quality.
In other words, it greatly improves the characteristics and shelf life of fruits and mushrooms, and in the case of enoki mushrooms, it becomes a hard fruiting body.
Low-grade mushrooms such as so-called water mushrooms that cannot be kept for days are completely eliminated. Since the cultivation conditions for the plant are no different from conventional cultivation conditions, this growth promotion
Suppression and adjustment methods can be easily adopted, and growth promotion of shimeji mushrooms through greenhouse cultivation using an ozone generator can be achieved extremely easily. The ozone generator has a built-in timer, and the generated ozone is sent uniformly to various parts of the house through duct piping. This ozone atmosphere also eliminates bacteria, reducing the amount of pesticides used while promoting growth. On the other hand, by shortening the time interval in intermittent ozone atmosphere formation, it is possible to virtually create a steady ozone atmosphere, thereby making it possible to retard the growth of plants. According to the inventor's observations, this is because trace amounts of ethylene, which are growth hormones and aging hormones, decompose and disappear due to the continuous generation of ozone, making it difficult to preserve fruits, especially apples, grapes, and oranges. , can maintain freshness. Root vegetables such as potatoes and onions can also be stored. Specific examples are given below. Example 1 When ozone was intermittently supplied to the growth chamber during the growth stage of bottle culture of enoki mushrooms, the cap part in particular grew faster than when ozone was not supplied, shortening the cultivation period and increasing yield. Table 1 shows the relationship between ozone supply conditions and the degree of umbrella elongation.

[Table] As is clear from Table 1, when there is no ozone atmosphere, the umbrella part can be shipped from about 5 mm to 12 mm.
Although it took about a week to reach this point,
When the ozone supply time per day was about 300 to 720 minutes, it became possible to ship the product in about two days. Therefore, it has become possible to shorten the cultivation period by about 5 days. Furthermore, by creating an ozone atmosphere from an early stage, it is possible to shorten the cultivation period by about 10 days. Furthermore, the yield increased by 10-20% due to thicker stems. In addition to enoki mushrooms, we also investigated hiratake, maitake, and honshimeji mushrooms, and found that they similarly shortened the cultivation period and increased yields. Although some deformities were observed in the Honshimeji mushrooms, on the contrary, the Maitake mushrooms were obtained with good quality and a thick tip. By intermittently creating an ozone atmosphere in this way, we were able to generate ethylene as a plant hormone and promote growth. Example 2 Asparagus, turnip cabbage, onion, cabbage, lettuce, carrot, radish, cauliflower, tomato, cucumber, melon, strawberry, grape, peach,
When apples, nuts, and bean sprouts were stored in an ozone atmosphere containing approximately 1 ppm, they remained fresh for a long time, extending their shelf life by approximately one month. This extended shelf life is due to the fact that it suppresses the growth of bacteria and mold that cause spoilage, and also suppresses the generation of ethylene from vegetables, fruits, etc., thereby delaying ripening. Note that the ozone concentration is used at a low concentration of 5 ppm or less, but if it is harmful to the human body, the ozone atmosphere may be used only at night. Moreover, it can be applied not only to warehouses for storing food, but also to cargo spaces of ships, freight cars, trucks, aircraft, etc., as a means of transporting food. In Example 1, an ozone atmosphere is intermittently formed to stimulate the mushrooms and the like to promote the generation of ethylene and promote growth. In Example 2, plant activity is conversely suppressed by maintaining an ozone atmosphere for a long time. The branching point between growth promotion and inhibition differs depending on the plant. In this way, according to the present invention, when diluted ethylene gas is directly sprayed onto the plant body,
There are no drawbacks such as excessive amounts of plant hormones that tend to wither, etc. By finely adjusting the amount of extremely small amounts of plant hormones present, we can delicately control the growth of plants without causing any defects or difficulties. However, this is because only the ethylene released by the plant itself is used, so the amount is not excessive, and the buffering effect of the plant itself is utilized. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily promote the growth of plants and maintain freshness by suppressing the growth. Although the present invention has been variously explained above with reference to preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and it goes without saying that many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. It is.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Adjust the generation or disappearance of ethylene as a plant hormone in vegetables, fruits, and mushrooms by creating an ozone atmosphere intermittently or intermittently in the environment of vegetables, fruits, and mushrooms to promote growth or promote growth. A method for promoting and suppressing the growth of vegetables, fruits, and mushrooms, which is characterized by preserving freshness through suppression.