JPS6237744B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6237744B2 JPS6237744B2 JP54086323A JP8632379A JPS6237744B2 JP S6237744 B2 JPS6237744 B2 JP S6237744B2 JP 54086323 A JP54086323 A JP 54086323A JP 8632379 A JP8632379 A JP 8632379A JP S6237744 B2 JPS6237744 B2 JP S6237744B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heat collecting
- heat
- lens
- collecting plate
- light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
- F24S23/31—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses having discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lenses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は、太陽高度の変化に対し非追尾型の
集光式太陽熱集熱器において、集光比（レンズの
幅／集熱板の幅）を２〜３程度に設定して高い受
光率（集熱板に入射する光量／レンズに入射する
光量）を得ることができ、しかも、夏期および冬
期の中間期には集熱板に集光しないようにした太
陽熱集熱器に関する。Detailed Description of the Invention The present invention provides a non-tracking type solar heat collector that responds to changes in solar altitude by adjusting the light concentration ratio (width of lens/width of heat collecting plate) to about 2 to 3. A solar heat collector that can be set to obtain a high light reception rate (amount of light incident on the heat collection plate/amount of light incident on the lens), and also prevents light from concentrating on the heat collection plate during the summer and mid-winter seasons. Concerning vessels.
一般に、集光式太陽熱集熱器は、第１図に示す
ように、フレネルレンズ１の焦点距離の位置に、
集熱板２をレンズ１に対し平行に設け、幅Ａのレ
ンズ１上に入射した太陽光線SLを集光して幅Ｂ
の集熱板２に入射するようになつている。ところ
で、レンズ１に入射した太陽光線SLが集熱板２
に入射できる最大入射角（θmax）は、集光比が
大きくなる程小さくなり、かつ集光比が小さくな
る程大きくなる。そこで、一般的な集光式太陽熱
集熱器においては、集光比を10〜50程度に大きく
設定するとともに、太陽光線のレンズ１に対する
入射角が、季節および時間の変化に対し常に最大
入射角（θmax）より小さくなるように、太陽の
動きに合わせてレンズ１および集熱板２の方向を
変化させる太陽追尾装置が付設されている。しか
し、この太陽追尾装置は、構成が複雑でかつコス
トも高く、一部の特殊な用途以外には適用できな
いものである。一方、レンズ１および集熱板２を
太陽高度に対し非追尾型に構成した集光式太陽熱
集熱器では、年間を通して高い受光率を得ようと
すれば、集光比がほぼ１に近い値となり、レンズ
１を用いて集光した効果がなくなつてしまう。 Generally, as shown in FIG. 1, a concentrating solar heat collector has a
A heat collecting plate 2 is installed parallel to the lens 1, and the solar rays SL incident on the lens 1 with a width A are condensed into a beam with a width B.
It is designed to be incident on the heat collecting plate 2 of the. By the way, the sunlight SL incident on the lens 1 is reflected by the heat collecting plate 2.
The maximum incident angle (θmax) that can be incident on the light becomes smaller as the light collection ratio becomes larger, and becomes larger as the light collection ratio becomes smaller. Therefore, in a typical concentrating solar heat collector, the concentrating ratio is set to a large value of about 10 to 50, and the incident angle of the sunlight on the lens 1 is always the maximum angle of incidence regardless of seasonal and time changes. A solar tracking device is attached that changes the direction of the lens 1 and the heat collecting plate 2 in accordance with the movement of the sun so that the angle becomes smaller than (θmax). However, this solar tracking device has a complicated structure and is expensive, and cannot be used for anything other than some special uses. On the other hand, in a concentrating solar heat collector in which the lens 1 and the heat collector plate 2 are constructed in a manner that does not track the solar altitude, if a high light reception rate is to be obtained throughout the year, the light concentration ratio will be close to 1. Therefore, the effect of condensing light using the lens 1 is lost.
また、太陽熱集熱器で集熱した太陽熱エネルギ
により冷暖房を行なう場合、冷暖房負荷は、第２
図に示すように、冷房シーズンおよび暖房シーズ
ンの中間期は零となるため、中間期の春期と秋期
に集熱した太陽エネルギは全く無駄となるだけで
なく、かえつてその使用法に困り、集熱器が過集
熱のために沸騰してトラブルが生じたり、また、
余剰熱を廃棄するのに費用を要し、非常に不経済
である。 In addition, when heating and cooling is performed using solar thermal energy collected by a solar thermal collector, the heating and cooling load is
As shown in the figure, the heat is zero in the middle of the cooling season and the heating season, so the solar energy collected in the middle of the spring and fall is not only completely wasted, but it is also difficult to know how to use it. Trouble may occur due to boiling due to excessive heat collection in the heater, or
It costs money to dispose of the excess heat, making it very uneconomical.
この発明は、前記従来の問題点に留意してなさ
れたものであり、太陽高度に対し非追尾型の構成
において、集熱比を２〜３の値に設定することが
でき、しかも、冷暖房負荷のない中間期には、太
陽光線が集熱板に集光しない集光式の太陽熱集熱
器を提供するものであり、つぎにこの発明を、そ
の１実施例を示した第３図とともに詳細に説明す
る。 This invention was made with the above-mentioned conventional problems in mind, and in a configuration that does not track the solar altitude, the heat collection ratio can be set to a value of 2 to 3, and the heating and cooling load can be set to a value of 2 to 3. The present invention is to provide a concentrating type solar heat collector in which the sunlight is not concentrated on the heat collecting plate during the middle period when there is no heat. Explain.
第３図に示すように、蒲鉾型の複数個のフレネ
ルレンズ１を同一面に配列するとともに、各フレ
ネルレンズ１を支持具３により支持し、太陽光を
透過できる透明ガラス管等の集熱管４に内装され
た集熱パイプ（図示せず）に、フラツト状の集熱
板２を装着するとともに、各集熱板２を各フレネ
ルレンズ１に対応してそれぞれ平行に配例し、フ
レネルレンズ１および集熱板２の長手方向を東西
方向に向けて設置するとともに、南方向に対し適
当な傾斜角Ｓに傾斜させる。そして、フレネルレ
ンズ１と集熱板２との距離Ｌを、フレネルレンズ
１の焦点距離より若干短くし、また、各集熱板２
の間隔Ｐは、太陽高度の高い夏期においては、実
線で示すように太陽光線SLが各フレネルレンズ
１に対応した集熱板２に集光し、かつ太陽高度の
低い冬期においては、破線で示すように太陽光線
SL′が各レンズ１に対応した集熱板２に隣接する
集熱板２に集光するよう集光比に合わせて決定さ
れている。 As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of semicircle-shaped Fresnel lenses 1 are arranged on the same surface, each Fresnel lens 1 is supported by a support 3, and a heat collecting tube 4 such as a transparent glass tube through which sunlight can pass. A flat heat collecting plate 2 is attached to a heat collecting pipe (not shown) installed in a heat collecting pipe (not shown), and each heat collecting plate 2 is arranged in parallel corresponding to each Fresnel lens 1. The heat collecting plate 2 is installed with its longitudinal direction facing east-west, and is inclined at an appropriate inclination angle S with respect to the south direction. Then, the distance L between the Fresnel lens 1 and the heat collecting plate 2 is made slightly shorter than the focal length of the Fresnel lens 1, and each heat collecting plate 2
In the summer when the solar altitude is high, the sunlight SL is concentrated on the heat collecting plate 2 corresponding to each Fresnel lens 1, as shown by the solid line, and in the winter when the solar altitude is low, as shown by the broken line. like sun rays
SL' is determined in accordance with the light collection ratio so that the light is focused on the heat collection plate 2 adjacent to the heat collection plate 2 corresponding to each lens 1.
前記光学系の実例として、フレネルレンズ１と
集熱板２との距離Ｌを200mm、フレネルレンズ１
および集熱板２の傾斜角Ｓを15゜、集熱板２の間
隔Ｐを200mm、フレネルレンズ１の焦点距離を366
mm、集光比を３、フレネルレンズ１の透過率を
0.9とした場合、年間の正午における受光率は第
４図に示したようになつた。同図から明らかなよ
うに、冷暖房負荷の大きい夏期および冬期におい
て受光率が大きく、冷暖房負荷のない夏期および
冬期の中間期では、フレネルレンズ１を通つた太
陽光線が、隣接する各集熱板２の間に集光するた
め、受光率が零またはほぼ零となる。したがつ
て、従来の非追尾形の集光式太陽熱集熱器の問題
点を、集光比を２〜３の値に設定でき、かつ冷暖
房負荷のない中間期には集熱板２に集光されない
ことにより、一挙に解消できる。 As an example of the optical system, the distance L between the Fresnel lens 1 and the heat collecting plate 2 is 200 mm, and the Fresnel lens 1 is
The inclination angle S of the heat collecting plate 2 is 15°, the interval P of the heat collecting plate 2 is 200 mm, and the focal length of the Fresnel lens 1 is 366°.
mm, the condensing ratio is 3, and the transmittance of Fresnel lens 1 is
When the value was set to 0.9, the annual noon light reception rate was as shown in Figure 4. As is clear from the figure, the light receiving rate is high in summer and winter when there is a heavy air conditioning load, and in the intermediate period between summer and winter when there is no air conditioning load, sunlight passing through the Fresnel lens 1 is transmitted to each adjacent heat collecting plate 2. Since the light is focused during this period, the light receiving rate is zero or almost zero. Therefore, the problems with conventional non-tracking type solar heat collectors can be solved by allowing the collection ratio to be set to a value of 2 to 3 and concentrating the heat on the heat collection plate 2 during the middle period when there is no air conditioning load. The problem can be solved all at once by not being exposed to light.
以上のように、この発明の太陽熱集熱器による
と、太陽光線を集光する複数個のレンズを同一面
に配列するとともに、複数個の集熱板を、各レン
ズに対応してそれぞれ平行に配列し、レンズおよ
び集熱板を、太陽高度の変化に対し非追尾型に構
成した太陽熱集熱器において、各レンズを通つた
太陽光線が、夏期においてはそれぞれ各レンズに
対応した集熱板に集光し、冬期においては各レン
ズに対応した集熱板に隣接する集熱板に集光し、
かつ夏期および冬期の中間期において、隣接する
集熱板の間に集光する位置に各集熱板を設けるこ
とにより、太陽高度に対し非追尾形の構成におい
て、集光比を２〜３程度の大きさに設定でき、大
きな受光率を得ることができ、しかも、冷暖房負
荷のない中間期では集熱板に集光されないため、
不必要なエネルギを得ることがなく、年間を通し
て冷暖房負荷に応じた集熱を行なうことができ、
大幅にコストダウンすることができる。 As described above, according to the solar heat collector of the present invention, a plurality of lenses for concentrating sunlight are arranged on the same surface, and a plurality of heat collecting plates are arranged in parallel in correspondence with each lens. In a solar heat collector in which the lenses and heat collecting plates are arranged in a non-tracking type with respect to changes in the solar altitude, the sunlight passing through each lens is directed to the heat collecting plate corresponding to each lens in the summer. In winter, the light is focused on a heat collecting plate adjacent to the heat collecting plate corresponding to each lens.
In addition, in the intermediate period between summer and winter, by installing each heat collecting plate at a position where it collects light between adjacent heat collecting plates, the light collecting ratio can be increased by about 2 to 3 in a non-tracking configuration with respect to the solar altitude. It can be set to a high light receiving rate, and it is possible to obtain a high light receiving rate.Moreover, in the middle period when there is no heating or cooling load, the light is not concentrated on the heat collecting plate.
It is possible to collect heat according to the heating and cooling load throughout the year without obtaining unnecessary energy.
Costs can be significantly reduced.
第１図は集光式の太陽熱集熱器の光学系を示す
説明図、第２図は年間の冷暖房負荷の変化を示す
図、第３図はこの発明の太陽熱集熱器の１実施例
の一部の斜視図、第４図は年間の正午における受
光率を示す曲線図である。
１……レンズ、２……集熱板。
Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the optical system of a concentrating solar heat collector, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing annual changes in heating and cooling load, and Fig. 3 is an illustration of an embodiment of the solar heat collector of the present invention. A partial perspective view, FIG. 4, is a curve diagram showing the light reception rate at noon throughout the year. 1... Lens, 2... Heat collecting plate.
Claims (1)
に配列するとともに、複数個の集熱板を、前記各
レンズに対応してそれぞれ平行に配列し、前記レ
ンズおよび前記集熱板を、太陽高度の変化に対し
非追尾型に構成した太陽熱集熱器において、各レ
ンズを通つた太陽光線が、夏期においてはそれぞ
れ各レンズに対応した集熱板に集光し、冬期にお
いては各レンズに対応した集熱板に隣接する集熱
板に集光し、かつ夏期および冬期の中間期におい
て、隣接する集熱板の間に集光する位置に、各集
熱板を設けたことを特徴とする太陽熱集熱器。1 A plurality of lenses for concentrating sunlight are arranged on the same surface, and a plurality of heat collecting plates are arranged in parallel corresponding to each of the lenses, and the lenses and the heat collecting plates are In a solar heat collector configured to not track changes in altitude, sunlight that passes through each lens is focused on a heat collection plate that corresponds to each lens in the summer, and is focused on a heat collection plate that corresponds to each lens in the winter. The solar heat collecting plate is characterized in that each heat collecting plate is provided at a position where light is concentrated on a heat collecting plate adjacent to the heat collecting plate, and where light is collected between adjacent heat collecting plates in the intermediate period between summer and winter. Heater.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8632379A JPS5610655A (en) | 1979-07-07 | 1979-07-07 | Solar heat collector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8632379A JPS5610655A (en) | 1979-07-07 | 1979-07-07 | Solar heat collector |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5610655A JPS5610655A (en) | 1981-02-03 |
| JPS6237744B2 true JPS6237744B2 (en) | 1987-08-13 |
Family
ID=13883621
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8632379A Granted JPS5610655A (en) | 1979-07-07 | 1979-07-07 | Solar heat collector |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5610655A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5976953U (en) * | 1982-11-15 | 1984-05-24 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Heat collecting pipe type solar water heater |
| KR100970344B1 (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2010-07-15 | 제주관광대학 산학협력단 | Solar energy system and control method thereof |
-
1979
- 1979-07-07 JP JP8632379A patent/JPS5610655A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5610655A (en) | 1981-02-03 |
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