JPS6235731B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to compression-molded roughage and a molding device for producing it. In the past, various machines have been developed for compression molding roughage such as grass and rice straw (hereinafter simply referred to as grass), but the packaging unit of the molded feed products is cylindrical, such as wafers. The diameter of the cube is 5 to 10 centimeters, while the cube is about 3 to 6 centimeters on each side.They are both small and have a specific gravity of 0.6 g/
It is about cm ³ . For pellets, both cylindrical and rectangular parallelepipeds have a diameter or side of 3 to 10 cm, and a specific gravity of
Although the specific gravity of one packing unit filled with these materials is approximately 0.9 g/cm ³ , it is significantly reduced because the individual packing voids are large. Furthermore, in wafers and queues, there is a large amount of damage during handling, which increases packaging costs. On the other hand, high-density bales weigh 45 to 70 kg each, but their specific gravity is about 0.3 g/cm ³ and their volume is extremely large. Each super high density bale weighs 725 kg and has a volume of 1.3 cubic meters, so its specific gravity is 0.56.
g/ ^cm3 . There are also other products with a capacity of 1 cubic meter and a specific gravity of 1 that are molded using a huge machine using a water pressure machine.
If the individual pieces are large and have a high specific gravity, they must be cut into appropriate pieces during feeding, which requires a special machine and results in a large amount of work loss. With the exception of pellets, all of these molded feeds are made up of individual grasses that simply stick together during the compression process, and have strong resilience due to internal stress, and are susceptible to changes in temperature, humidity, shock during handling, etc. This can easily cause the load to collapse. For this reason, various measures have been taken, such as adding heating/cooling processes during molding or providing protrusions on the plunger head. etc., it is inevitable that the load will collapse.
Furthermore, the issue of specific gravity has not yet been resolved. This drawback becomes more serious as the number of animals raised in households increases, and the systemization of livestock farming, the differentiation of the functions of feed production and household livestock farming, and the accompanying distribution of roughage are becoming more and more important. This is considered to be a major problem in cases where it is exposed. The present invention was devised to correct these drawbacks, and the first object of the invention is to provide a compression molded feed that does not naturally unravel after molding and cause the load to collapse. In addition to the object of the first invention, the object of the second invention is to provide a compression-molded feed that can be easily divided into a plurality of pieces at the time of feeding, and the object of the third invention is to It is an object of the present invention to provide a feed forming apparatus that can easily produce the compression-molded feed of the first invention. An embodiment embodying the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. d is a molding cylinder of a compression molding device, which has a rectangular cylindrical shape and can be filled with hay, rice straw, etc. The internal dimensions of the cylinder d are 20cm and 40cm in length, width, and depth, respectively.
It is 90cm long. h is a plurality of slits formed in the vertical direction on one side of the cylinder d. A pair of cutters g is provided corresponding to each slit h, and is designed to be inserted into the cylinder d through the slit h with the hay etc. stuffed into the cylinder d. Reference numeral e designates a plunger disposed opposite the cylinder d, which has a rectangular prism shape and is formed thinner than the cylinder d so as to form a constant gap f over the entire circumference between the plunger and the inner wall of the forming cylinder d. Therefore, the plunger e presses the center of the hay during compression molding of the hay. Next, the functions and effects of the compression molding apparatus configured as described above will be explained. An appropriate length of hay is placed inside the forming cylinder d in Figure 3.
Pack 15Kg evenly. Next, make a cut c in this hay and cut it into 3 equal parts of 5 kg each.
Form the cutter g in the figure into the cylinder d and the slit h on the wall.
Press it through, make a cut c, and then pull it out again. This cut c becomes a plane parallel to the tip pressing surface of the plunger e. Note that it is not limited to three equal parts. Next, the plunger e is compressed to a density of 0.9g/
Press into the center of cylinder d to obtain a product of cm ³ . Then, the hay in the forming cylinder d is strongly compressed between the tip pressing surface of the plunger e and the back wall of the cylinder d, and becomes a rectangular parallelepiped product as shown in FIG. In this case, since a certain gap f is formed between the outer periphery of the plunger e and the inner wall of the forming cylinder d, the center part b of the hay in the forming cylinder d is between the tip pressing surface of the plunger e and the forming cylinder d. They are flattened and linearly intertwined with the back wall of the wall and consolidated. Since the entire outer surface a of the hay protruding into the gap f is exposed to stress during the above-mentioned strong compression process, each strand of hay undergoes a different bending phenomenon and becomes curled and entangled with each other. Furthermore, the cut c is also repaired at this outer surface portion a. Therefore, the outer surface part a has a shape that protects the inside after molding. Research on the high compression moldability and expansion rate after compression of fibrous plants has shown that the cutting length of the test material is an essential factor in moldability, as shown by numerous experimental data in the past. This also proves that the more materials there are, the more the individual grasses become intertwined and interact with each other to prevent expansion, resulting in a lower expansion rate after compression. Since the intertwining phenomenon is in two different forms, the interaction between them becomes even stronger and hinders the recovery, so that the load does not collapse. Each piece of hay divided at cut c is parallel to the final compression surface of the rectangular parallelepiped product as shown in Fig. 2, but the cut c portion remains in close contact with each other in the cut state. At the outer surface portion a, as described above, they are intertwined again and are not separated but are temporarily connected to each other. Therefore, the hay can be easily pulled off piece by piece during feeding, and these are also useful in fields where long fibers are used, such as bedding and matting. Note that the cut c does not necessarily have to be made in the hay (see Figure 1). Further, the portion where the hay curls and intertwines with each other may be formed not on the entire outer surface portion a of the hay but only on a portion thereof. Furthermore, the shape of the molded hay is not limited to a rectangular parallelepiped shape. In the above embodiment, the forming cylinder d and the plunger e have a rectangular tube shape, but their shape is not limited to this, and they can also be formed into a cylindrical shape or a cylindrical shape. Next, the features of the compression molding apparatus of the present invention will be described in comparison with conventional molding apparatuses. In addition, in many conventional molding devices, the shape of the plunger is cylindrical, but since the issue here is the pressing area of its tip, we assume that the shape is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the cross-sectional area of the molding cylinder d is 40 x 20. = ^800cm2 . In this experiment, we measured the pressure using each plunger and determined the scale of the hydraulic jack that should be installed. Molding (density
1200Kg/cm ² ), the minimum pressure required is approximately 360Kg/cm ² . The table below is a comparison table.

[Table] The test materials Shuger Cane Leaf and Napier Grass are among the roughage of grasses, and their ecological characteristics are sparse and rigid, and they have the strongest resilience after compression molding. It was very difficult to mold. Each of these materials has a moisture content of 40
%, 12% and 9%. As seen in the table above, the conventional equipment requires a hydraulic jack with an output of approximately 280 tons, but the present invention can perform this function with a 150-ton hydraulic jack. This is a labor saving of 46.4% when producing molded products with the same specific gravity.When considering the impact on not only the restoring resistance of the molded product but also the overall structure and component parts of the molding equipment,
Its production cost, depreciation cost, maintenance management, operating cost, etc. are significantly reduced. In the above experiment, when the moisture content of the product molded using the apparatus of the present invention was about 40%, the pecking of grass was strong and difficult to loosen even 6 weeks after molding.
In addition, mold growth was observed on the outer edge, and the color changed, but the interior remained green and no mold growth was observed. This is probably due to green juice coming out during the final compression process. When the moisture content was 12% and 9%, there was no problem with compressibility, and almost no recovery was observed even after 6 weeks, and the cut c could be easily peeled off by hand.
It was easy to loosen, the greenness remained unchanged, the aroma was high, and there was no sign of mold growth. As detailed above, the first invention of the present application is capable of preventing compression molded feed from unraveling naturally after molding and causing load collapse, and by reducing the overhead costs of transportation, handling, and storage due to high compression molding. In addition to the effects of the first invention, the second invention has the effect of easily dividing the compressed feed into a plurality of pieces at the time of feeding. or,
The feed forming apparatus of the third invention has the effect of easily producing compression-molded feed. The molding apparatus of the present invention is effective not only for feed but also for compression molding of other fibrous plants.
Furthermore, the sizes and specific gravity of the molding cylinder d, plunger e, etc. in the above embodiments are not limited to the numbers in this explanatory text.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a compression-molded feed embodying the first invention of the present application, FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a compression-molded feed embodying the second invention of the present application, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the third invention of the present application. FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a feed forming apparatus embodying the invention. Outer surface part a, cut c, forming cylinder d, plunger e, gap f, cutter g, slit h.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A compression-molded feed characterized in that fibrous plant bodies such as hay are curled and intertwined on the outer surface of the plant, and are intertwined with each other while remaining substantially linear in other parts. . 2. A patent claim characterized in that a fibrous plant such as hay is formed into a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape as a whole, and the fibrous plant is curled and intertwined with each other on other surfaces excluding the final compressed part. Compression molded feed according to item 1. 3 Curling and intertwining fibrous plants such as hay on their outer surfaces, intertwining each other in almost straight lines in other parts, and making cuts to divide the whole into multiple pieces. Compression molded feed featuring: 4. Forming a fibrous plant such as hay into a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape as a whole, curling and intertwining the fibrous plants on other surfaces excluding the final compressed part, and The compression-molded feed according to claim 3, characterized in that cuts are made on parallel planes. 5. A forming cylinder d for filling fibrous plants such as hay is provided, and a plunger e is provided which is movably inserted into the cylinder d to compress the fibrous plants inside the cylinder d. , when the plunger e is inserted into the forming cylinder d, the inner wall of the cylinder d and the plunger e
A feed forming device characterized in that a constant gap f is formed between the feed forming device and the outer surface of the feed forming device. 6. The forming cylinder d may be formed into a square tube shape, and the plunger e may be formed into a square column shape, and the plunger e may be inserted with an arbitrary gap maintained between it and a part or the entire circumference of the inner wall of the forming cylinder d. A feed forming apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the feed forming apparatus is configured as follows.