JPS6234501B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a fastener component that, after assembling a plurality of articles into one item and applying predetermined processing, loosens the fastener parts such as bolts or screws that attach the articles again and extracts the articles. This relates to a extraction device.

For example, when multiple items such as an automobile engine are assembled and each requires precision machining and finishing, especially when installing a shaft inside the engine, these items are temporarily tightened with bolts or screws, etc. Currently, the shaft is machined, and then bolts or screws are loosened, the shaft is inserted into the machined area, and the shaft is reassembled. However, although most of the processes in the current automobile industry are automated, the work of loosening fastener parts in this process is still done by a worker using a hand tool or by a fabricator using an automatic screwdriver. Since this process is carried out using one of the following methods, this process takes a lot of time and increases the work cost. Further, there are problems such as workers are likely to get fatigued, and defects often occur due to worker carelessness.

The present invention was devised in view of these problems, and aims to automate the work of loosening and extracting fastener parts that have been temporarily tightened once again after processing. Examples will be described based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing one embodiment of the present invention, and numeral 1 indicates a frame fixed upright to a base 2. FIG. This frame 1 has a guide shaft 3 in the horizontal direction.
are arranged, and both ends thereof are supported by support members 4. This guide shaft 3 has a support plate 10
A slide bearing 11 fixed to the frame 1 is provided to be slidable in the axial direction, and this support plate 10 can be reciprocated by a horizontal piston cylinder 7 fixed to the frame 1. This support plate 10 is provided with a fastener component loosening removal unit A to be described later, and the movement position of this support plate 10 is determined by position detection switches 8a and 8b at both left and right ends in FIG.
Further, the right position is the position where the fastener component loosening extraction unit A extracts the bolt 6 from the component 5, and the left position is the position where the bolt 6 is removed and held.
This is the position directly above the receiving box 9 that stores the.

2 and 3 are enlarged views of the main parts of the fastener component loosening removal unit A, and the support plate 10 has a mounting plate 12 disposed above it.
The tip of the piston rod 13a of the first elevating piston cylinder 13 fixed to is connected to the piston rod 13a. This mounting plate 12 has bolts 6 fastened to the parts 5.
The same number of drive motors 14 are fixed with their drive shafts facing downward. A box bit 21 is connected to the drive shaft via a rotation shaft 24 and a drive shaft 20, which will be described later, and is configured to rotate in a direction to loosen the bolt 6 in response to the rotation of the drive motor 14. Further, one end of a slide shaft 15 is fixed to the mounting plate 12 for guiding the vertical movement of the first vertical piston cylinder 13 by its expansion and contraction.
5 extends downwardly through the support plate 10 in a reciprocating manner, and its other end is fixed to a catcher base 16 having a flat mounting plate 12 disposed below. A catcher B consisting of a pair of jaws 17 that holds bolts 6 and a nose 18 that slidably supports the jaws 17 is attached to the catcher stand 16. The springs 1 are arranged so as to face each other and close each other.
It is energized at 9.

A through hole 18 bored on the center line of the nose 18
A drive shaft 20 that can rotate and reciprocate along this hole is loosely inserted in a.
A box bit 21 is connected to the tip of the bolt 6, and the box bit 21 has a hole shaped to fit into the head of the bolt 6.
7 and is configured to be positioned by pushing it open. A pressing rod 22 that functions to push the head of the bolt 6 out of the hole passes through the center line of the box bit 21, and a collar portion 22 is attached to the rod 22 so that the tip thereof protrudes by a predetermined amount and is locked.
a is formed, and the press rod 22 is urged forward by a first compression spring 23 built into the drive shaft 20. Further, a rotary shaft 24 rotated by the drive motor 14 is loosely inserted into the bottomed hole 20a at the upper part of the drive shaft 20 so as to be able to reciprocate, and the tip of the rotary shaft 24 has a shape that is opposite to the side wall of the bottomed hole 20a. A pin 25 that engages with the shaft 24 so that it can reciprocate and rotate integrally along the elongated hole 20b formed in the opposite direction is attached to the shaft 24.
It is planted perpendicular to the

Further, a second compression spring 26 is wound between the upper end of the drive shaft 20 and the upper part of the rotating shaft 24.
The drive shaft 20 is always urged downward, and the drive shaft 20 can be retracted by a desired length of the bolt 6 or more with respect to the rotating shaft that rotates together with the drive shaft, and the box bit 21 at the tip thereof is It is configured to be detachable from the JY 17. A disc 27 is fixed as a locking member to the upper part of each of the drive shafts 20, and the disc 27 is configured to be pulled upward when an operation plate 28, which will be described later, is raised. Further, a second elevating piston cylinder 30 having a predetermined stroke is fixed to the mounting plate 12 with its piston rod 30a facing downward and parallel to the first elevating piston cylinder 13.
In a, there is an operating rod 2 located parallel to the rotating shaft 24.
8 are connected. An operating plate 29 is attached to the operating rod 28 so that its mounting position can be freely adjusted. While descending as one,
The disc 27 in the raised position is forcibly raised by the operation of the second lifting piston cylinder 30. Furthermore, the catcher stand 16
On the top surface, a detection means such as a sensor 31 detects when the disc 27 reaches a height at which the bolt 6 is completely loosened.
It is provided corresponding to 0.

The detection signal of the detection means causes the first elevating piston cylinder 13 to move back, while causing the second elevating piston cylinder 13 to move back.
It is configured to operate the lifting piston cylinder 30 of. Further, the second elevating piston cylinder 30 is configured to move backward in response to a detection signal from a position detection switch 8a above the receiving box 9 for the bolt 6.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained. In this embodiment, a plurality of bolts 6 are loosened at the same time, but since they all perform the same operation, to explain the uniaxial operation, the fastener component loosening and extraction unit A operates as shown in Fig. 4A. With the box bit 21 protruding downward from the pair of jaws 17, when the start signal is input after the parts 5 assembled with the bolts 6 are supplied downward, the first elevating piston cylinder 13 retracts. Then, attach the mounting plate 12 and the catcher stand 16.
are lowered together to a predetermined position. At this time, the pressure rod 22 is inserted so that its tip is aligned with the bolt 6 as shown in FIG. 4B.
, and retreats against the first compression spring 23 . Since the drive motor 14 is rotating, the head of the bolt 6 fits into the hole at the tip of the box bit 21, and since the bolt 6 is loosened as shown in FIG. It moves relative to the nose 18 against the compression spring 26 of the nose 18 and rises. Since the bolt 6 is loosened in this way, the bolt 6 enters the jaw 17,
The legs are held by the jaw 17. Further, since the disc 27 at the upper part of the drive shaft 20 is detected by the detection means, the second elevating piston cylinder 30 operates and the operating rod 28 is raised, so that the operating plate 29 locks the disc 27. Therefore, the box bit 21 remains in the nose 18.

After this, the first elevating piston cylinder 13 is extended, so the mounting plate 12 and the catcher stand 16
The bolts 6 rise together as one, and the bolt 6 is pushed out of the hole of the box bit 21 by the pressing rod 22 and rises while being held by the jaw 17, as shown in FIG. 4D. Subsequently, the horizontal piston cylinder 7 operates, and the fastener component loosening removal unit A moves to the left in FIG. The piston rod 30a is lowered and the operation plate 29 is lowered, so the drive shaft 20 and box bit 21 are also lowered by a predetermined amount as shown in FIG. From there, the bolt 6 is released into the receiving box 9. Then, the unit A for removing loosened fastener parts is returned to its original position by the horizontal piston cylinder 7, and the work is completed.

In the above embodiment, the unit A for removing loosened fastener parts was configured to move back and forth in the horizontal direction, but instead of this, the unit A was fixed and the receiving box 9 was moved in and out directly under the unit A when releasing the bolt. Of course, you can do it as well.

As explained above, the present invention protrudes a box bit that rotates in the direction of loosening the bolt from a jyo whose tip is biased to close, and places the jyo in a position where it is pushed open, and the box bit rotates in the direction of loosening the bolt. On the other hand, when the bolt loosens and the box bit retreats and separates from the jio, the box bit is forcibly raised and the box bit is moved until it reaches a predetermined position. Then, since the box bit is configured to return to the position protruding from the jaw, the work of loosening the bolt screwed into the part, and the work of extracting the loosened bolt and transporting it to another location. This not only greatly reduces the work time required for bolt extraction, but also eliminates the need for extra suction means, and eliminates the possibility of operator inadvertent extraction errors. There are advantages.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a machine using the present invention, FIG. FIG. 2 is a partially sectional side view, and FIGS. 4A to 4E are sectional views of main parts showing the loosening removal work process. A is a fastener component loosening removal unit, B
is the catcher, 1 is the frame, 2 is the base, 3
1 is a guide shaft, 5 is an article, 6 is a bolt, 9 is a receiving box, 10 is a support plate, 12 is a mounting plate, 13 is a first lifting piston cylinder, 14 is a drive motor, 15
1 is a slide shaft, 16 is a catcher base, 17 is a jaw, 18 is a nose, 19 is a jaw spring, 20 is a drive shaft, 21 is a box bit, 22 is a pressure rod, 23 is a first compression spring, 24 is a rotating shaft, 26
is a second compression spring, 27 is a disk, 28 is an operating rod,
29 is an operation plate, and 30 is a second elevating piston cylinder.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A box bit 2 that rotates in a direction that loosens the bolt 6 in response to rotation of the drive shaft of the drive motor 14.
1 and a catcher B having a pair of jaws 17 which guide the box bit 21 so as to be freely inserted therein and which are biased by a jaw spring 19 so as to close the tip thereof, can be raised and lowered together by the operation of the first lifting piston cylinder 13. and said JIYO 17
In a fastener component extraction device configured to clamp and extract a bolt 6 placed on a component 5 and transport it to another location, a box bit 21 is placed in a position to protrude from a jaw 17 and push it open. At the same time, this box bit 21 is biased downwardly with respect to the drive shaft by a second compression spring 26 so that the box bit 21 can be retracted by a desired length of the bolt 6 or more, and can be detached from the jaw 17. A press rod 2 extending along the center line of this box bit 21
2 is biased downward by the first compression spring 23 and arranged so as to protrude from the tip of the box bit 21, while a locking member is fixed to the box bit 21 so as to move together with the box bit 21, and this locking A detection means for detecting the rising of the member is disposed, and an operation plate 2 is provided below the locking member so as to be freely lowered together with the locking member.
9 is arranged, and this operation plate 29 is connected to the piston rod 30a of the second elevating piston cylinder 30, which is arranged integrally with the first elevating piston cylinder 13.
The stroke of the second elevating piston cylinder 30 is such that the operating plate 29 can pull up the locking member, the detecting means operates the second elevating piston cylinder 30, and the box bit 21 A fastener component extracting device characterized in that the second elevating piston cylinder 30 is moved back in response to a signal when the piston reaches a predetermined position above.