JPS6232800A - Manufacture of auriculate form for hearing aid - Google Patents
Manufacture of auriculate form for hearing aidInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6232800A JPS6232800A JP60171797A JP17179785A JPS6232800A JP S6232800 A JPS6232800 A JP S6232800A JP 60171797 A JP60171797 A JP 60171797A JP 17179785 A JP17179785 A JP 17179785A JP S6232800 A JPS6232800 A JP S6232800A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- auriculate
- ear mold
- hearing aid
- ear
- shell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
- H04R25/65—Housing parts, e.g. shells, tips or moulds, or their manufacture
- H04R25/658—Manufacture of housing parts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
- H04R25/65—Housing parts, e.g. shells, tips or moulds, or their manufacture
- H04R25/652—Ear tips; Ear moulds
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
この発明は、補聴器用耳型の製作方法に関するものであ
り、さらに詳しくいうと、印象材を用いて、採取した個
人の一次耳型から、カスタムインタイヤ形補聴器のシェ
ル、あるいは補聴器用耳せんを得るための二次耳型を製
作する補聴器用耳型の製作方法に関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an ear mold for a hearing aid. The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a hearing aid ear mold for manufacturing a secondary ear mold for obtaining a custom in-tire hearing aid shell or a hearing aid earplug.
近来、補聴器のサイズは、小形化の一途をたどり、現在
では、各個人の外耳道やその周辺の形状に適合するシェ
ルをもつ、小形の、いわゆるカスタム補聴器が、世界的
に普及するにいたっている。In recent years, the size of hearing aids has continued to become smaller, and today, small so-called custom hearing aids, which have a shell that fits the shape of each individual's ear canal and surrounding area, have become popular worldwide. .
従来、上記のシェルを製作する方法として・各個人の外
耳道やその周辺の形状を、印象材によって型取りして一
次耳型を採取し、この−次亜型を、郵送などの手段でメ
ーカーへ送り、メーカーでは、−次亜型を母型として、
手作業により二次耳型を得て、シェルや耳せんを作製し
ていた。Traditionally, the method for producing the above shells is to take a primary ear mold by making a mold of each individual's ear canal and its surroundings using impression material, and then send this secondary mold to the manufacturer by mail or other means. The manufacturer uses the subtype as the mother type,
Secondary ear molds were obtained by hand and shells and earplugs were made.
また、かような耳型製作方法は、世界的にほとんど同様
である。Moreover, the method of making such ear molds is almost the same all over the world.
以上のような従来の補聴器用耳型の製作方法では、−次
亜型のメーカーへの輸送中に・−次亜型が変形し、その
ため、製作したシェルや耳せんの外形に微妙な誤差を生
じるという問題点があった。In the conventional manufacturing method of ear molds for hearing aids as described above, the sub-mould deforms during transportation to the manufacturer of the sub-mold, which causes subtle errors in the outer shape of the manufactured shell and ear plug. There was a problem that occurred.
また、シェルや耳せんを得るための二次耳型の製作を手
作業で行っていたため、製品の品質や工数などが、作業
者の熟練度に大きく依存し、素材となるプラスチック材
料の選択範囲も狭いなどの問題点もあった・
この発明は、かような問題点を解消しようとするもので
、−次亜型のメーカーへの輸送を排除することができ、
かつ、二次耳型の手作業による裏作も省くことにより、
高品質の製品を短時間に製作することができ、かつ、材
料の選択も任意である補聴器用耳型の製作方法を得るこ
とを目的とする。In addition, because the secondary ear molds for obtaining the shells and ear plugs were manufactured by hand, the quality of the product and the number of man-hours depended largely on the skill level of the workers, and the selection range of plastic materials. There were also problems such as the space being too narrow. This invention attempts to solve these problems.
In addition, by eliminating the manual work of the secondary ear mold,
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing an ear mold for a hearing aid by which a high-quality product can be manufactured in a short time and the selection of materials is also arbitrary.
なお、ここでいう二次耳型とは、それ自体が補聴器のシ
ェルまたは耳せんである場合に限らず、プラスチック成
形によってシェルまたは耳せんを製作するための母型を
も含むものとする。Note that the term "secondary ear mold" as used herein is not limited to cases in which the ear mold itself is a hearing aid shell or ear plug, but also includes a matrix for manufacturing a shell or ear plug by plastic molding.
この発明に係る補聴器用耳型の製作方法は、印象材を用
いて個人から採取した一次耳型の形状を計測し、この計
測値をデジタル数値情報に変換し、このデジタル数値情
報により、プラスチック材料を数値制御加工して二次耳
型を形成する。The manufacturing method of a hearing aid ear mold according to the present invention measures the shape of a primary ear mold taken from an individual using an impression material, converts this measurement value into digital numerical information, and uses this digital numerical information to make a plastic material. is numerically controlled to form a secondary ear mold.
この発明においては、−次亜型のデジタル数値情報をメ
ーカーへ伝送し、メーカーは、デジタル数値情報で制御
される加工機によって二次耳型を製作する。In this invention, the digital numerical information of the second sub-type is transmitted to the manufacturer, and the manufacturer manufactures the secondary ear mold using a processing machine controlled by the digital numerical information.
以下、二次耳型自体でカスタムインレイヤ形補聴器のシ
ェルを加工形成する場合の一実施例について説明する。An example in which the shell of a custom in-layer hearing aid is processed and formed using the secondary ear mold itself will be described below.
まず、−次亜型の採取であるが、個人の外耳道、あるい
は外耳道と耳殻に適合するように、粘塑性の液状樹脂を
外耳に注入し、それを外耳内で固化させて第６図に示す
一次耳型を得る周知の方法があり、病院や補聴器販売店
において容易に採取することができる〇
一次耳型１は、外耳道に対応する突起部１ａと耳殻に対
応する膨出部１ｂとが一体のものである。First, to collect subtype 2, viscoplastic liquid resin is injected into the outer ear so that it fits the individual's external auditory canal, or the external auditory canal and the ear shell, and it is solidified in the external ear. There is a well-known method for obtaining the primary ear impression shown below, and it can be easily taken at a hospital or hearing aid store. The primary ear impression 1 consists of a protrusion 1a corresponding to the external auditory canal and a bulge 1b corresponding to the ear shell. and are one thing.
次に、採取した一次耳型の形状を計測し、この計測値を
デジタル数値情報に変換するのであるが、それには、本
出願人の先願に係る特願昭６０−１１１５６０号で開示
した技術を好適に実施することができる。すなわち、互
いに等しい角度で交差する３つの平面を座標面とし、こ
れら座標面で囲まれた空間に一次耳型１を配置し、−次
亜型１の所要の各点の座標から一次耳型１の形状を計測
し、この計測値をデジタル数値情報に変換するものであ
る。これを、第２図によって、もう少し詳しく説明する
と、第２図はデータ収拾装置１０を示し、３つの座標面
それぞれについての距離検出器１１Ａ、１１Ｂ、１１０
は、−次亜型１の各点から座標面へ下ろした垂線の長さ
を検出する。走査偏向手段１２に、１２Ｂ、１２Ｃは、
距離検出器１１Ａ〜１１Ｃをそれぞれの座標面と平行に
移動するもので、上記垂線の足の位置、すなわち、−次
亜型１の各点の座標面上の位置を決定する。座標設定手
段１５は、各距離検出器１１Ａ〜１１Ｃで走査すべき位
置および距離の範囲を予め設定する。Next, the shape of the collected primary ear mold is measured and this measured value is converted into digital numerical information. can be suitably implemented. That is, three planes that intersect each other at equal angles are taken as coordinate planes, and the primary ear mold 1 is placed in the space surrounded by these coordinate planes, and the primary ear mold 1 is calculated from the coordinates of each required point of the subtype 1. The shape of the object is measured and the measured value is converted into digital numerical information. This will be explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 2. FIG. 2 shows the data collection device 10, with distance detectors 11A, 11B, 110 for each of the three coordinate planes.
detects the length of the perpendicular drawn from each point of -order subtype 1 to the coordinate plane. In the scanning deflection means 12, 12B and 12C are
The distance detectors 11A to 11C are moved in parallel to the respective coordinate planes, and the positions of the legs of the perpendicular lines, that is, the positions of each point of the -subtype 1 on the coordinate planes are determined. The coordinate setting means 15 presets the position and distance range to be scanned by each of the distance detectors 11A to 11C.
以上による一次耳型１の各点の座標データは、データ合
成処理手段１４に入力され、二次耳型を製作するのに必
要な形式に処理され、かつ、対応するデジタル数値情報
に変換される。The coordinate data of each point of the primary ear mold 1 as described above is input to the data synthesis processing means 14, processed into the format necessary for manufacturing the secondary ear mold, and converted into corresponding digital numerical information. .
データ収拾装置１０は、補聴器の販売店等に設置され、
ここで得られた一次耳型のデジタル数値情報は、第１図
に示すように、電話通信回線のような伝送手段１５を介
して、メーカーに設置されている表示手段１６に入力さ
れる。表示手段１６は、送られたデジタル数値情報を一
次耳型１の形状に戻してグラフィックデスプレイし、情
報に欠落や誤りがなかったかどうかを確かめたり、また
、シェル内へ組込む部品をスーパーインポーズしてデス
プレイすることにより、シェルのトリミングを決定する
等、加工の前段処理を行う。The data collection device 10 is installed at a hearing aid store, etc.
The digital numerical information of the primary ear shape obtained here is inputted to a display means 16 installed at the manufacturer via a transmission means 15 such as a telephone communication line, as shown in FIG. The display means 16 returns the sent digital numerical information to the shape of the primary ear mold 1 and displays it graphically to check whether there are any omissions or errors in the information or to superimpose parts to be incorporated into the shell. By displaying the shell, pre-processing such as determining the trimming of the shell can be performed.
表示手段１６で処理された信号は、蓄積手段１７へ送ら
れて所望の個数分のデジタル数値情報が蓄積されると共
に、数値制御加工機１８へ入力される。数値制御加工機
１８では、プラスチック材料を自動加工して、−次亜型
１に対応する二次耳型、すなわち・カスタムインレイヤ
形補聴器のシェルを製作する。The signal processed by the display means 16 is sent to the storage means 17, where a desired number of digital numerical information is stored, and is also input to the numerically controlled processing machine 18. The numerically controlled processing machine 18 automatically processes the plastic material to produce a secondary ear mold corresponding to subtype 1, that is, a shell of a custom in-layer hearing aid.
なお、−次亜型１の形状をデジタル数値情報に変換する
手段としては、上記のほか、彫刻などの原型から模型を
作るための周知の装置があり、適宜に用いることができ
る。In addition to the above-mentioned means for converting the shape of the second subtype 1 into digital numerical information, there is a well-known device for making a model from a prototype, such as a sculpture, and can be used as appropriate.
また、伝送手段１５としては、無線による情報通信回線
でもよい◇このようにして、−次亜型のデジタル数値情
報をメーカーへ送るに要する時間の短縮の効果は、製品
をユーザーへ速やかに納品することができるばかりでな
く、−次亜型の採取地とメーカーとが遠隔である場合は
特に顕著であり、通信回線を利用することにより、国際
間であっても情報伝達が短時間にできるので、完成した
製品を航空便などで輸送する場合、妥当な輸送コストを
考慮して、ある程度の注文量をまとめるようにすれば、
世界的な製品供給網を形成することも可能となる。In addition, the transmission means 15 may be a wireless information communication line ◇ In this way, the effect of shortening the time required to send the digital numerical information of the subtype to the manufacturer is to quickly deliver the product to the user. Not only can this be done, but this is especially noticeable when the place where subtype subtypes are collected and the manufacturer are far away, and by using communication lines, information can be transmitted in a short time even internationally. When transporting finished products by air, etc., if you consider reasonable transportation costs and combine a certain amount of orders,
It will also be possible to form a global product supply network.
さらに、数値制御加工機１８は、上記実施例。Furthermore, the numerically controlled processing machine 18 is the same as that of the above embodiment.
では、各個人用の単一の二次耳型を製作するものを念頭
においたが、一般には、中１生産に適した、いわゆるＮ
ｏマシンが現存しており、適宜に選択使用することが考
えられる。In this case, we have in mind the production of a single secondary ear mold for each individual, but in general, so-called N
o machines currently exist, and it is conceivable to select and use them as appropriate.
かように、二次耳型を数値制御により自動加工するので
、作業者の熟練度に左右される′ことがない。しかも、
ユーザーの注文により、わずか小さめ、あるいは大きめ
に二次耳型を作るのに、従来は、たとえば、石膏型の内
面に塗料を塗布して、この塗料の厚さによりシェルの外
形寸法を調節していたため、高精度の寸法制御が゛ 困
雉であったが、この発明によれば、ユーザーの好みに精
度よく応じることができる。すなわち、仕上り寸法の制
御は、デジタル数値情報に任意の係数を与えることによ
り、精密な調節が可能となる。また、製品の硬軟につい
ても、ユーザーの要求に容易に応えることができる。In this way, since the secondary ear mold is automatically processed by numerical control, it is not dependent on the skill level of the operator. Moreover,
To make a secondary ear mold slightly smaller or larger depending on the user's order, conventionally, for example, paint was applied to the inner surface of the plaster mold, and the outer dimensions of the shell were adjusted depending on the thickness of the paint. Therefore, highly accurate dimensional control has been difficult, but according to the present invention, it is possible to accurately respond to the user's preferences. That is, the finished dimensions can be precisely controlled by giving arbitrary coefficients to the digital numerical information. Additionally, the hardness and softness of the product can easily meet user demands.
さらに、機械的な自動加工によって二次耳型を製作する
ことから、二次耳型の素材の選択範囲が広くなり、この
面からも高品質の二次耳型を得ることができる。Furthermore, since the secondary ear mold is manufactured through automatic mechanical processing, the range of materials for the secondary ear mold can be selected from is widened, and from this aspect as well, a high quality secondary ear mold can be obtained.
なお、上記実施例では、二次耳型が補聴器用シェルであ
る場合について説明したが、この発明における二次耳型
は、補聴器用耳せん、さらには、特願昭６０−１３７６
６９号で開示したような技術により、プラスチック成形
でシェルや耳せんを製作するための母型であってもよい
ことは前記のとおりであり、同様の効果を奏する。In the above embodiment, the case where the secondary ear mold is a shell for a hearing aid has been explained, but the secondary ear mold in this invention is an ear plug for a hearing aid, and furthermore, the secondary ear mold in the present invention is a shell for a hearing aid.
As described above, the present invention may be used as a matrix for producing shells or earplugs by plastic molding using the technique disclosed in No. 69, and the same effect can be achieved.
以上の説明から明らかなように、この発明は、−次亜型
の形状を計測して得たデジタル数値情報を用いて、数値
制御加工により二次耳型を製作することから、−次亜型
の輸送や、手作業による二次耳型の加工を排除し、高品
質の製品を短時間に製作することができる効果がある。As is clear from the above description, the present invention uses digital numerical information obtained by measuring the shape of the sub-type to produce a secondary ear mold through numerically controlled processing. This has the effect of eliminating the need for transportation and manual processing of secondary ear molds, making it possible to produce high-quality products in a short time.
図面はこの発明の一実施例を説明するためのもので、第
１図は製作装置のブロック図、第２図はデータ収拾装置
のブロック図、第３図は一次耳型の正面図である。
１・・−次亜型、１０・・データ収拾装置、１５・・伝
送手段、１６・・表示手段、１８・・数値制御加工機。
第 １図
第２図The drawings are for explaining one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a manufacturing device, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a data collection device, and FIG. 3 is a front view of a primary ear mold. 1.-Next subtype, 10.. Data collection device, 15.. Transmission means, 16.. Display means, 18.. Numerical control processing machine. Figure 1 Figure 2
Claims (5)
てデジタル数値情報を得、このデジタル数値情報に基づ
く数値制御加工によりプラスチック材料でなる二次耳型
を得る補聴器用耳型の製作方法。(1) Obtain digital numerical information by measuring the shape of the primary ear mold taken using impression material, and obtain a secondary ear mold made of plastic material through numerically controlled processing based on this digital numerical information. Production method.
タル数値情報を伝送する特許請求の範囲第１項記載の補
聴器用耳型の製作方法。(2) A method for manufacturing a hearing aid ear mold according to claim 1, wherein digital numerical information is transmitted via a communication line to a place where the secondary ear mold is processed.
れかである特許請求の範囲第１項記載の補聴器用耳型の
製作方法。(3) The method for manufacturing a hearing aid ear mold according to claim 1, wherein the secondary ear mold is either a hearing aid shell or an earplug.
ェルおよび耳せんのいずれかを製作するための母型であ
る特許請求の範囲第１項記載の補聴器用耳型の製作方法
。(4) The method for manufacturing an ear mold for a hearing aid according to claim 1, wherein the secondary ear mold is a matrix for manufacturing either a shell or an ear plug of a hearing aid by plastic molding.
ーパーインポーズしてグラフイツクデスプレイし、数値
制御加工に入る前に予め前記シェルのトリミングを決定
する特許請求の範囲第３項または第４項記載の補聴器用
耳型の製作方法。(5) The shell and the shape of the parts to be incorporated into the shell are superimposed and displayed graphically, and the trimming of the shell is determined in advance before numerically controlled machining. Method for manufacturing ear molds for hearing aids as described in Section 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60171797A JPS6232800A (en) | 1985-08-06 | 1985-08-06 | Manufacture of auriculate form for hearing aid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60171797A JPS6232800A (en) | 1985-08-06 | 1985-08-06 | Manufacture of auriculate form for hearing aid |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6232800A true JPS6232800A (en) | 1987-02-12 |
| JPH0435120B2 JPH0435120B2 (en) | 1992-06-10 |
Family
ID=15929876
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60171797A Granted JPS6232800A (en) | 1985-08-06 | 1985-08-06 | Manufacture of auriculate form for hearing aid |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6232800A (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0398237A2 (en) * | 1989-05-17 | 1990-11-22 | Ascom Audiosys Ag | Method for manufacturing hearing aids |
| BE1010200A3 (en) * | 1996-04-26 | 1998-03-03 | Variphone Benelux Naamloze Ven | Method and device for manufacturing earpieces |
| JP2004502392A (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2004-01-22 | フォーナック アーゲー | Method for manufacturing in-ear hearing aid and in-ear hearing aid |
| US6748093B2 (en) | 2001-03-26 | 2004-06-08 | Tøpholm & Westermann APS | Hearing aid with a tightening ring |
| JP2004521661A (en) * | 2001-07-26 | 2004-07-22 | フォーナック アーゲー | Method of manufacturing ear device |
| US6879697B2 (en) | 2001-03-26 | 2005-04-12 | Widex A/S | Hearing aid with a face plate that is automatically manufactured to fit the hearing aid shell |
| US6920414B2 (en) | 2001-03-26 | 2005-07-19 | Widex A/S | CAD/CAM system for designing a hearing aid |
| US7050876B1 (en) | 2000-10-06 | 2006-05-23 | Phonak Ltd. | Manufacturing methods and systems for rapid production of hearing-aid shells |
| JP2007209532A (en) * | 2006-02-09 | 2007-08-23 | Hamamatsu Univ School Of Medicine | Body impression acquisition device, method, and program |
| JP2009540705A (en) * | 2006-06-20 | 2009-11-19 | ヴェーデクス・アクティーセルスカプ | Hearing aid housing, hearing aid, and method of manufacturing a hearing aid |
| WO2018074500A1 (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-04-26 | 学 天野 | Self-injection aid, information management device, and aid production system |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59166455A (en) * | 1983-03-11 | 1984-09-19 | Yamatake Honeywell Co Ltd | Equipment for automatic processing |
-
1985
- 1985-08-06 JP JP60171797A patent/JPS6232800A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59166455A (en) * | 1983-03-11 | 1984-09-19 | Yamatake Honeywell Co Ltd | Equipment for automatic processing |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0398237A2 (en) * | 1989-05-17 | 1990-11-22 | Ascom Audiosys Ag | Method for manufacturing hearing aids |
| BE1010200A3 (en) * | 1996-04-26 | 1998-03-03 | Variphone Benelux Naamloze Ven | Method and device for manufacturing earpieces |
| JP2004502392A (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2004-01-22 | フォーナック アーゲー | Method for manufacturing in-ear hearing aid and in-ear hearing aid |
| US7050876B1 (en) | 2000-10-06 | 2006-05-23 | Phonak Ltd. | Manufacturing methods and systems for rapid production of hearing-aid shells |
| US7328080B2 (en) | 2000-10-06 | 2008-02-05 | Phonak Ltd. | Manufacturing methods and systems for rapid production of hearing-aid shells |
| US6748093B2 (en) | 2001-03-26 | 2004-06-08 | Tøpholm & Westermann APS | Hearing aid with a tightening ring |
| US6920414B2 (en) | 2001-03-26 | 2005-07-19 | Widex A/S | CAD/CAM system for designing a hearing aid |
| US6879697B2 (en) | 2001-03-26 | 2005-04-12 | Widex A/S | Hearing aid with a face plate that is automatically manufactured to fit the hearing aid shell |
| US7694418B2 (en) | 2001-03-26 | 2010-04-13 | Widex A/S | Hearing aid with a face plate that is automatically manufactured to fit the hearing aid shell |
| JP2004521661A (en) * | 2001-07-26 | 2004-07-22 | フォーナック アーゲー | Method of manufacturing ear device |
| JP4755798B2 (en) * | 2001-07-26 | 2011-08-24 | フォーナック アーゲー | Manufacturing method for ear device |
| JP2007209532A (en) * | 2006-02-09 | 2007-08-23 | Hamamatsu Univ School Of Medicine | Body impression acquisition device, method, and program |
| JP2009540705A (en) * | 2006-06-20 | 2009-11-19 | ヴェーデクス・アクティーセルスカプ | Hearing aid housing, hearing aid, and method of manufacturing a hearing aid |
| WO2018074500A1 (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2018-04-26 | 学 天野 | Self-injection aid, information management device, and aid production system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0435120B2 (en) | 1992-06-10 |
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