JPS6232307B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a heat insulating structure for the outer wall of a building or structure.

In buildings, such as wooden buildings, livability,
From the perspective of energy conservation, it is advocated that buildings have an insulating structure on their outer walls. This will reduce the amount of kerosene currently used by 1/2, reduce the amount of electricity used for coolers, etc. by about 1/3, and also eliminate various problems caused by condensation and greatly improve livability. This is because there are physical and psychological benefits.

However, conventionally, for example, mortar walls and walls using siding materials were made by filling glass fiber between the main pillars and studs, nailing a base board such as lath board on top of it, and then covering it with a waterproof sheet. Set up After that, in the case of a mortar wall, the lath material is secured with staples and a mortar wall material is applied on top of it, or if siding material is used, a rim is provided on the waterproof sheet, or a waterproof sheet is attached. It was common for the outer wall to be formed by directly fixing the rim to the main pillars and studs, and then nailing siding material onto it.

However, in the case of this type of external wall structure, the mortar wall (20 mm) has a heat transmission coefficient of about 2.3 kcal/m ² h℃,
This is a bad position for a heat insulating structure. In other words, the national insulation standard for walls is 0.5 to 0.9 kcal/m ² h°C. In addition, poor insulation properties mean that the mortar wall materials and siding materials are directly exposed to temperature differences, which increases the imbalance in the expansion and contraction rates of the various constituent materials of the composite laminated structure, causing the mortar walls to peel off and crack more quickly. Also, there were many cases where the joints of the siding materials came loose. Furthermore, the large heat transfer coefficient inevitably leads to the occurrence of dew condensation, which has the disadvantage of corroding the structural materials and turning the glass fibers into wet rags.

In order to eliminate these drawbacks, the present invention has developed a composite board in which a waterproof, fireproof, and sound-insulating gypsum board is integrally formed with a synthetic resin foam that is highly heat-insulating, waterproof, and has low moisture permeability. By combining , and siding boards, we provide a thermal insulation structure for buildings that significantly improves thermal insulation, increases construction efficiency, strengthens mechanical strength with composite boards, and has fire prevention and sound insulation properties.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a thermal insulation structure for buildings according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Figure 1a
~c is an explanatory diagram showing a cross section of an architectural insulation structure combining a siding board and a composite board,
1 is a main pillar, 2 is a stud, 3 is an interior base board, 4 is a composite board, and 18 is a rim. In addition, main pillar 1, stud 2,
The trunk rim 18 is collectively referred to as the skeleton. To explain further, the composite board 4 is wide and large, and for example, as shown in FIGS.
It has a structure in which a waterproof sheet 7 is attached to this. In this case, the waterproof sheet 7 has approximately the same size as the gypsum board 6, or is attached so that at least one side has overlapping pieces 7a and 7b protruding from the gypsum board 6, or has four overlapping pieces (not shown). It can be pasted on. The standard size of this composite plate 4 is length L ₁ = 1800 mm, width W = 900 mm, but L ₁ = 1500, 900, 600 mm, W = 450,
It is also possible to form it arbitrarily, such as 600 mm. The synthetic resin foam 5 includes soft and hard polyurethane foam, polyisocyanurate foam, phenol foam, polyethylene foam, vinyl chloride, calcium carbonate, azobisisobutyronitrile, plasticizer, lead stearate, and paraffin chloride. This material is used as a raw material, and liquefied butane gas and a solvent are simultaneously blown into the material, and the material is then molded into a foam using a closed extruder to form an in-situ foam, or a molded product is used. The waterproof sheet 7 may be a sheet-like material such as asphalt felt, terfelt, synthetic resin film, rubber sheet, polyethylene sheet, or kraft paper laminated with metal foil. 8 is a metal siding board (hereinafter referred to as
It is simply referred to as a siding board), and has the shape shown, for example, in FIGS. 3a to 3c. That is, as a typical example, as shown in Figure A, a thin metal plate 10 is bent to form a male connecting part 11, side walls 12, 13, an insertion groove 14, an extension part 15, and a heat insulating material 16 filled in a concave cross section. and a backing material 17 provided as necessary. Figure b shows the protrusion 12 to prevent the insulation material from falling off.
A may be provided, or as shown in Fig. c, a heat insulating material 16 may be provided on the back surface of the insertion groove 14 and the extension portion 15 to form a heat insulating layer. Moreover, instead of the siding board 8, it is also possible to use a so-called ceramic-based siding board 9 made of calcium carbonate, calcium silicate, slate, or the like, as shown in FIGS. 3d and 3e. The heat insulating material 16 may be the same material as the synthetic resin foam 5 of the composite board 4, or a heat insulating material 16 made by bonding inorganic hollow particles such as perlite grains or shirasu balloons with an adhesive, rock wool, or glass wool. A heat insulating material 16 made of mineral fibers formed into a plate shape is used. Further, as the backing material 17, the same member as the sheet-like material used as the above-mentioned waterproof sheet is used. Using such members, a thermal insulation structure for construction as shown in FIGS. 1a to 1c is formed. In other words, in Figure a, the interior base plate 3 is fixed to the indoor side of the frame, and the composite plate 4 is fixed to the outdoor side.
It has a structure in which the synthetic resin foam 5 of the composite board 4 is brought into contact with the building frame and fixed with nails K, and the siding board 8 is fixed on the gypsum board 6. In this case, the cushioning properties of the synthetic resin foam 5 of the composite board 4 , it has the characteristics that it absorbs some unevenness of the frame, makes the gypsum board 6 flat, and facilitates the construction of the siding board 8. In addition, in Figure b, the gypsum board 6 of the composite board 4 is brought into contact with the frame, and a rim 18 is provided on the synthetic resin foam 5 side.
This is an architectural heat insulating structure in which a siding board 8 is laminated on top of the siding board 8. In addition, in figure c, a rim 18 is provided on the main body 1 and studs 2, and a composite board 4 is nailed to this with nails K.
This is a thermal insulation structure for construction with a siding board 8 mounted on top of it.

Next, a specific example of the thermal insulation structure for buildings according to the present invention will be described.

Example 1 Interior base board 3... Gypsum board (12 mm) Composite board 4... Gypsum board (9 mm) and polyurethane foam 16 mm (bulk specific gravity 0.13) integrally formed using the self-adhesive properties of polyurethane foam.

Siding board 8... Makabe (polyisocyanurate foam as the heat insulating material 16) (trade name of IG Industries Co., Ltd.) was used, and the structure was as shown in FIG. 1a. The thickness of each part is t ₁ = 12 mm, t ₂ = 105 mm, t ₃ = 25
mm, t ₄ =15 mm, the joint width W ₁ of the siding board 8 was 5 mm, and the surface width L was 360 mm. The heat transmission coefficient of the entire structure in this case was 0.694 kcal/m ² h°C. Furthermore, no dew condensation phenomenon was detected. On the other hand, the heat transmission coefficient of the structure in which the above-mentioned true wall was directly attached to the rim 18 etc. was about 1.12 kcal/m ² h°C.

What has been described above is only one embodiment of the thermal insulation structure for buildings according to the present invention, and a sheet-like material such as the waterproof sheet 7 or a material 17a similar to the backing material 17 is installed at the position indicated by the dashed line in the drawing. It can also be provided integrally. Of course, the composite board 4 and the waterproof sheet 7 may be integrally formed.

As mentioned above, the thermal insulation structure for buildings according to the present invention is easy to construct because the dimensions are small and the male and female structures are connected. The exterior wall is constructed by nailing to the main pillars and studs with a composite board that provides insulation, reinforcing material, and a flat mounting surface, and siding boards are attached on top of the composite boards, making full use of the characteristics of the siding boards. It has the characteristics of high thermal insulation, waterproofness, and greatly improved construction workability. In addition, since the composite board itself has elasticity and cushioning properties, springback acts at each nailing part and contact part, resulting in a more airtight installation structure and improved waterproofness and air impermeability.
In addition, the composite gypsum board improves sound insulation and provides a structure with fire protection equivalent to that of an earth-coated wall.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 a to c are cross-sectional views showing one embodiment of the thermal insulation structure for buildings according to the present invention, Figures 2 a to c are perspective views showing one embodiment of the composite plate used in the above, and Figure 3 Figures a to e are perspective views showing an example of a siding board used in the present invention. 1... Main pillar, 4... Composite board, 8, 9... Siding board, 19... Mortar wall.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A wide and large composite board made of gypsum board and synthetic resin foam is attached to the main pillars, studs, or rims of the frame by directly contacting the gypsum board surface or the surface of the synthetic resin foam to the frame. 1. A thermal insulation structure for construction, characterized in that a siding board is fixed to the outer surface of the composite board.