JPS6232262B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPS6232262B2
JPS6232262B2 JP12961884A JP12961884A JPS6232262B2 JP S6232262 B2 JPS6232262 B2 JP S6232262B2 JP 12961884 A JP12961884 A JP 12961884A JP 12961884 A JP12961884 A JP 12961884A JP S6232262 B2 JPS6232262 B2 JP S6232262B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
amorphous silicon
content
image quality
vapor deposition
less
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP12961884A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS619547A (en
Inventor
Kazuhiko Asano
Yoshihiro Tsuji
Satoru Katayama
Kenichiro Oochi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kobe Steel Ltd
Original Assignee
Kobe Steel Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kobe Steel Ltd filed Critical Kobe Steel Ltd
Priority to JP12961884A priority Critical patent/JPS619547A/en
Publication of JPS619547A publication Critical patent/JPS619547A/en
Publication of JPS6232262B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6232262B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03GELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/02Charge-receiving layers
    • G03G5/04Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
    • G03G5/08Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being inorganic
    • G03G5/082Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being inorganic and not being incorporated in a bonding material, e.g. vacuum deposited
    • G03G5/08214Silicon-based
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03GELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/10Bases for charge-receiving or other layers
    • G03G5/102Bases for charge-receiving or other layers consisting of or comprising metals

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

[産業上の利用分野] 本発明はアモルフアスシリコンの蒸着特性に優
れた電子写真感光体用アルミニウム合金に関し、
さらに詳しくは、特に、複写機のドラムやレーザ
ープリンタ等に適したアモルフアスシリコンの蒸
着特性に優れた電子写真感光体用アルミニウム合
金に関する。 [従来技術] 一般的に、複写機ドラムの感光剤として、CdS
やアモルフアスセレンが用いられているが、これ
らの感光剤は硬度が低く、多量の複写には適さ
ず、一定の枚数を複写するごとに交換しなければ
ならなかつた。 近年、コンピユータのアウトプツト用レーザー
プリンタや高速複写機のドラム等において、耐刷
性、耐熱性および画質の面で優れた感光剤とし
て、アモルフアスシリコンが使用されて来つつあ
る。 このアモルフアスシリコンは、一般に、切削、
研磨、表面処理等によつて鏡面状態に加工された
基盤材料の表面に蒸着される。しかしながら、こ
のようにして得られたドラム、プリンタ等により
印刷すると局所的に画質不良の部分が発生するこ
とが屡々経験された。そして、この画質不良の要
因は、アモルフアスシリコンの蒸着工程(汚れ、
粒子の付着等)の他に材料の側にもあるとされ、
この材料の改良の要望が強かつた。 この従来における要望に対処すべく、アモルフ
アスシリコン蒸着用アルミニウム合金として、
AA3003、AA5086、AA6063等の合金の使用が試
みられてきたが、上記要求に充分に満足すること
は現状では困難である。 [発明が解決しようとする問題点] 本発明は、上記に説明したような従来において
使用されてきたアモルフアスシリコンの蒸着に際
して発生する局部的な画質不良の材料学的要因に
ついて鋭意研究した結果、それが合金中に含有さ
れている晶出物に起因することを知見し、この知
見に基いてアモルフアスシリコンの蒸着特性の優
れた押出アルミニウム合金を開発した。 即ち、上記に説明したように、アモルフアスシ
リコンは、切削、研磨およびその他の手段により
表面を鏡面状に仕上げた円筒、平板、多面体その
他の形状の起盤上に蒸着され、そして、複写・印
字はこのアモルフアスシリコンにレーザー等の光
線を照射することにより部分的な帯電状態に変
え、その部分に印刷・印字用のトナーを静電的に
付着させて、これを用紙に転写させて行なうもの
であるが、この場合、一様な鏡面状表面にマトリ
ツクスと異質な晶出物が存在していると、その部
分におけるアモルフアスシリコンの帯電特性が部
分的に変化、印刷印字用トナーの付着が充分でな
く、従つて、画質不良を招来するものと推察され
る。 そして、結晶粒が微細な程鏡面仕上り性が良好
で、画質不良をもたらす隣り合つた結晶粒間の段
差が小さくなり、そのため、アモルフアスシリコ
ンを感光剤とする複写機ドラム、レーザープリン
タ等において、晶出物が小さく少ないこと、か
つ、結晶粒径が小さいことが満たされる時に最良
の画質が得られるのである。 しかして、従来のアルミニウム合金には不純物
として、Fe、Siを比較的多量に含有する他、強
度その他の性能を高めるためにMn、Crを含有さ
せているが、そのため、結晶粒は比較的小さい
が、晶出物が大きく、かつ、多いのであるが、本
発明に係るアモルフアスシリコンの蒸着特性に優
れた電子写真感光体用アルミニウム合金において
は、不純物として、かつ、晶出物形成元素である
Mn、Cr含有量を低含有量に規制することによ
り、結晶粒を微細化することによつて局部的画質
不良の発生をを防止したものである。 [問題点を解決するための手段] 本発明に係るアモルフアスシリコンの蒸着特性
に優れた電子写真感光体用アルミニウム合金の特
徴とするところは、 Mg3.0〜6.0wt%、Zr0.01〜0.25wt%、 Zn0.01〜1.0wt% を含有し、かつ、 Mn0.3wt%以下、Cr0.2wt%以下、 Fe0.15wt%以下、Si0.12wt%以下 に規制し、残部Alからなることにある。 本発明に係るアモルフアスシリコンの蒸着特性
に優れた電子写真感光体用アルミニウム合金につ
いて以下詳細に説明する。 先ず、本発明に係るアモルフアスシリコンの蒸
着特性に優れた電子写真感光体用アルミニウム合
金の含有成分および成分割合について説明する。 Mgは強度を向上させる元素であり、含有量が
0.5wt%未満では切削、研磨等の加工時に変形し
易く、画質を阻害し、また、5.5wt%を越えて含
有されると熱間加工性が劣化する。よつて、Mg
含有量は、0.5〜5.5wt%とする。 Zrは結晶粒を微細化する元素であり、含有量が
0.01wt%未満ではこの効果が少なく、また、
0.25wt%を越えて含有されるとAl3Zrを形成して
表面仕上り性を阻害する。よつて、Zr含有量は
0.01〜0.25wt%とする。 Znは切削表面仕上り性を高めるための元素で
あり、Alマトリツクス中に固溶し、切削時に潤
滑効果をもたらして仕上り性を向上させ、含有量
が多い程効果は大となるが、含有量が1.0wt%を
越える含有量ではアモルフアスシリコンの蒸着を
阻害し、また、0.01wt%未満では上記の効果は少
ない。よつて、Zn含有量は0.01〜1.0wt%とす
る。しかして、アモルフアスシリコン蒸着ドラム
においては、表面粗さがRmax≦0.05μであるこ
とが必要であるのでZnの含有は特に重要であ
る。 Mn、Crは不純物として含有され、Mn含有量
が0.3wt%を越えるとAl6Mn、また、Cr含有量が
0.2wt%を越えて含有されるとAl7Crの晶出物を
形成して画質不良の原因となる。よつて、Mn含
有量は0.3wt%以下、Cr含有量は0.2wt%以下に
抑制しなければならない。 Fe、Siは共にMn、Crと同じく不純物として含
有され、Fe含有量が0.15wt%およびSi含有量が
0.12wt%を夫々越えると、Al―FeまたはAl―Fe
―Si系の晶出物を形成して画質不良を招来する。
また、FeはMnと同時に含有されるとAl6
(MnFe)晶出物の形成を促進し、SiはMgと同時
に含有されるとMg2Siの晶出物を形成し、画質不
良を顕著にするのでFeおよびSi含有量について
は特に注意しなければならない。よつて、Fe含
有量は0.15wt%以下、およびSi含有量は0.12wt%
以下に抑制する必要がある。 なお、上記に説明した元素以外に、鋳塊の結晶
粒微細化に通常使用されるTiおよびBは含有量
が0.05wt%以下であれば、特性を劣化させること
がないのでこの含有量までは許容され、また、
Cuは不純物として0.3wt%以下に規制するのがよ
い。 [実施例] 次に本発明に係るアモルフアスシリコンの蒸着
特性に優れた電子写真感光体用アルミニウム合金
の実施例を説明する。 実施例 第1表に示す含有成分および成分割合のアルミ
ニウム合金を常法に従つて鋳造し、200mmφの鋳
塊とし、この鋳塊を熱間押出、抽伸加工により、
外径80mmφ、肉厚3.5mmの管(H14調質)とし
た。 この管を粗切削後、超精密旋盤により仕上げ、
プラズマ−CVD方式によりアモルフアスシリコ
ンを約17μ蒸着して画質評価に供した。 画質評価は、通常のブラツクプリント方式で全
真黒に複写し、画面のムラの多少で評価した。そ
して、画質不良は点状のものと濃度のムラが認め
られ、不良の全くないものをA、点状欠陥もしく
は部分的な濃度ムラがあるものをB、全面的な濃
度ムラがあるものをCとした。 第2表に供試材の機械的性質と画質評価の結果
を示す。 この第2表から次のことがわかる。 (1) 本発明に係るアモルフアスシリコンの蒸着特
性に優れた電子写真感光体用アルミニウム合金
は、結晶粒が小さく、表面粗さも小さいために
画質が優れている。 (2) No.3とNo.4との比較において、No.4の比較合
金にはSiおよびZrが含有されていないので、No.
3の本発明に係るアモルフアスシリコンと蒸着
特性に優れた電子写真感光体用アルミニウム合
金に比し、結晶粒が粗大化し、表面仕上り性が
低下するので画質不良となる。このことから
も、NnとZrの含有は極めて重要である。 (3) 比較合金No.5〜8は、結晶粒は小さいが、
Zn含有量が少ないこと、また、Al6(MnFe)、
Al7Cr等の晶出物のために表面粗さが粗くなり
画質不良となる。
[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an aluminum alloy for electrophotographic photoreceptors that has excellent amorphous silicon vapor deposition characteristics.
More specifically, the present invention relates to an aluminum alloy for electrophotographic photoreceptors, which has excellent amorphous silicon vapor deposition properties, and is particularly suitable for copying machine drums, laser printers, and the like. [Prior art] Generally, CdS is used as a photosensitive agent for copying machine drums.
However, these photosensitizers have low hardness and are not suitable for making large quantities of copies, and must be replaced every time a certain number of copies are made. BACKGROUND ART In recent years, amorphous silicon has been used as a photosensitive agent with excellent printing durability, heat resistance, and image quality in laser printers for computer output, drums of high-speed copying machines, and the like. This amorphous silicon is generally processed by cutting,
It is deposited on the surface of a base material that has been processed into a mirror-like state by polishing, surface treatment, etc. However, when printing using drums, printers, etc. obtained in this manner, it has often been experienced that localized areas of poor image quality occur. The cause of this poor image quality is the amorphous silicon vapor deposition process (contamination,
In addition to the adhesion of particles, etc.), it is also said to exist on the material side.
There was a strong desire to improve this material. In order to meet this conventional demand, as an aluminum alloy for amorphous silicon deposition,
Although attempts have been made to use alloys such as AA3003, AA5086, and AA6063, it is currently difficult to fully satisfy the above requirements. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The present invention has been made as a result of intensive research into the materialistic causes of local image quality defects that occur during the deposition of amorphous silicon, which has been used in the past, as described above. We found that this was caused by crystallized substances contained in the alloy, and based on this knowledge, we developed an extruded aluminum alloy with excellent vapor deposition characteristics for amorphous silicon. That is, as explained above, amorphous silicon is deposited on a cylindrical, flat, polyhedral, or other shaped base whose surface has been mirror-finished by cutting, polishing, or other means, and then is used for copying or printing. This is done by irradiating this amorphous silicon with a beam of light such as a laser to partially charge it, then electrostatically attaching toner for printing/printing to that area and transferring it to paper. However, in this case, if a crystallized substance different from the matrix is present on the uniform mirror-like surface, the charging characteristics of the amorphous silicon will partially change in that area, and the adhesion of toner for printing will be affected. It is presumed that this is not sufficient and therefore causes poor image quality. The finer the crystal grains, the better the mirror finish, and the smaller the step difference between adjacent crystal grains that causes poor image quality. The best image quality can be obtained when the requirements of crystallized substances being small and small and crystal grain size being small are satisfied. However, conventional aluminum alloys contain relatively large amounts of Fe and Si as impurities, as well as Mn and Cr to improve strength and other properties, but as a result, the crystal grains are relatively small. However, in the aluminum alloy for electrophotographic photoreceptors having excellent amorphous silicon vapor deposition properties according to the present invention, crystallized substances are large and numerous, but they are present as impurities and as crystallized substance-forming elements.
By regulating the Mn and Cr contents to a low content, crystal grains are made finer, thereby preventing local image quality defects from occurring. [Means for Solving the Problems] The aluminum alloy for electrophotographic photoreceptors having excellent amorphous silicon vapor deposition properties according to the present invention is characterized by: Mg 3.0 to 6.0 wt%, Zr 0.01 to 0.25 wt%, Zn0.01~1.0wt%, and is regulated to 0.3wt% or less of Mn, 0.2wt% or less of Cr, 0.15wt% or less of Fe, 0.12wt% or less of Si, and the remainder consists of Al. . The aluminum alloy for electrophotographic photoreceptors having excellent amorphous silicon vapor deposition properties according to the present invention will be described in detail below. First, the components and component ratios of the aluminum alloy for electrophotographic photoreceptors having excellent amorphous silicon vapor deposition characteristics according to the present invention will be explained. Mg is an element that improves strength, and the content
If the content is less than 0.5wt%, it will be easily deformed during processing such as cutting and polishing, impairing image quality, and if the content exceeds 5.5wt%, hot workability will deteriorate. By the way, Mg
The content is 0.5 to 5.5 wt%. Zr is an element that refines crystal grains, and the content
This effect is small below 0.01wt%, and
If the content exceeds 0.25 wt%, Al 3 Zr will be formed and the surface finish will be impaired. Therefore, the Zr content is
The content should be 0.01-0.25wt%. Zn is an element that improves the cutting surface finish. It forms a solid solution in the Al matrix and provides a lubricating effect during cutting, improving the finish. The higher the content, the greater the effect. If the content exceeds 1.0 wt%, the vapor deposition of amorphous silicon will be inhibited, and if the content is less than 0.01 wt%, the above effect will be small. Therefore, the Zn content is set to 0.01 to 1.0 wt%. Therefore, in an amorphous silicon deposition drum, the surface roughness must be Rmax≦0.05μ, so the inclusion of Zn is particularly important. Mn and Cr are contained as impurities, and when the Mn content exceeds 0.3wt%, Al 6 Mn and Cr content
If the content exceeds 0.2 wt%, crystallized Al 7 Cr will be formed, causing poor image quality. Therefore, the Mn content must be suppressed to 0.3 wt% or less, and the Cr content must be suppressed to 0.2 wt% or less. Both Fe and Si are contained as impurities like Mn and Cr, and the Fe content is 0.15wt% and the Si content is 0.15wt%.
If it exceeds 0.12wt%, Al-Fe or Al-Fe
- Forms Si-based crystallized substances, resulting in poor image quality.
In addition, when Fe is contained at the same time as Mn, Al 6
(MnFe) promotes the formation of crystallized substances, and if Si is contained at the same time as Mg, it will form Mg 2 Si crystallized substances, resulting in noticeable poor image quality, so special attention must be paid to the Fe and Si contents. Must be. Therefore, the Fe content is 0.15wt% or less, and the Si content is 0.12wt%.
It is necessary to suppress the following. In addition to the elements explained above, Ti and B, which are usually used to refine the crystal grains of ingots, do not deteriorate the properties if the content is 0.05wt% or less, so the content up to this content is permissible and also
Cu is an impurity and should be regulated to 0.3wt% or less. [Example] Next, an example of an aluminum alloy for an electrophotographic photoreceptor having excellent amorphous silicon vapor deposition characteristics according to the present invention will be described. Example An aluminum alloy having the components and proportions shown in Table 1 was cast according to a conventional method to form an ingot of 200 mmφ, and this ingot was hot extruded and drawn.
The tube was made with an outer diameter of 80 mmφ and a wall thickness of 3.5 mm (heated to H14). After rough cutting this pipe, it is finished using an ultra-precision lathe.
Approximately 17 μm of amorphous silicon was deposited using a plasma-CVD method and used for image quality evaluation. The image quality was evaluated by copying completely black using the normal black printing method and evaluating the degree of unevenness on the screen. Image quality defects include dots and density unevenness, and those with no defects are A, those with dot defects or partial density unevenness are B, and those with overall density unevenness are C. And so. Table 2 shows the mechanical properties of the sample materials and the results of image quality evaluation. The following can be seen from this Table 2. (1) The aluminum alloy for electrophotographic photoreceptors according to the present invention, which has excellent amorphous silicon vapor deposition characteristics, has small crystal grains and low surface roughness, so it has excellent image quality. (2) In comparing No. 3 and No. 4, the comparison alloy No. 4 does not contain Si or Zr, so it is the No. 4 comparative alloy.
Compared to the amorphous silicon according to the present invention (No. 3) and the aluminum alloy for electrophotographic photoreceptors which have excellent vapor deposition properties, the crystal grains become coarser and the surface finish deteriorates, resulting in poor image quality. For this reason as well, the inclusion of Nn and Zr is extremely important. (3) Comparative alloy Nos. 5 to 8 have small crystal grains, but
Low Zn content, Al 6 (MnFe),
The surface roughness becomes rough due to crystallized substances such as Al 7 Cr, resulting in poor image quality.

【表】【table】

【表】 [発明の効果] 以上説明したように、本発明に係るアモルフア
スシリコンの蒸着特性に優れた電子写真感光体用
アルミニウム合金は上記の構成を有しているもの
であるから、機械的性質においても従来材および
比較例と同等かそれ以上であり、感光剤のアモル
フアスシリコンの蒸着が極めて優れているから画
質が極めて良好であつて、複写機ドラムやレーザ
ープリンタ用等の材料として好適なアルミニウム
合金である。
[Table] [Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the aluminum alloy for electrophotographic photoreceptors according to the present invention, which has excellent amorphous silicon vapor deposition characteristics, has the above-mentioned structure. In terms of properties, it is equivalent to or better than conventional materials and comparative examples, and the vapor deposition of amorphous silicon as a photosensitive agent is extremely excellent, resulting in extremely good image quality, making it suitable as a material for copier drums, laser printers, etc. It is an aluminum alloy.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 Mg0.5〜5.5wt%、Zr0.01〜0.25wt%、 Zn0.01〜1.0wt% を含有し、かつ、 Mn0.3wt%以下、Cr0.2wt%以下、 Fe0.15wt%以下、Si0.12wt%以下 に規制し、残部Alからなることを特徴とするア
モルフアスシリコンの蒸着特性に優れた電子写真
感光体用アルミニウム合金。
[Claims] 1 Contains 0.5 to 5.5 wt% Mg, 0.01 to 0.25 wt% Zr, 0.01 to 1.0 wt% Zn, and 0.3 wt% or less of Mn, 0.2 wt% or less of Cr, and 0.0 wt% of Fe. An aluminum alloy for electrophotographic photoreceptors that has excellent amorphous silicon vapor deposition properties and is regulated to 15wt% or less and Si to 0.12wt% or less, with the remainder being Al.
JP12961884A 1984-06-23 1984-06-23 Aluminum alloy for electrophotographic sensitive body having superior suitability to vapor deposition of amorphous silicon thereon Granted JPS619547A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP12961884A JPS619547A (en) 1984-06-23 1984-06-23 Aluminum alloy for electrophotographic sensitive body having superior suitability to vapor deposition of amorphous silicon thereon

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP12961884A JPS619547A (en) 1984-06-23 1984-06-23 Aluminum alloy for electrophotographic sensitive body having superior suitability to vapor deposition of amorphous silicon thereon

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS619547A JPS619547A (en) 1986-01-17
JPS6232262B2 true JPS6232262B2 (en) 1987-07-14

Family

ID=15013920

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP12961884A Granted JPS619547A (en) 1984-06-23 1984-06-23 Aluminum alloy for electrophotographic sensitive body having superior suitability to vapor deposition of amorphous silicon thereon

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS619547A (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4780385A (en) * 1987-04-21 1988-10-25 Xerox Corporation Electrophotographic imaging member containing zirconium in base layer
JP2525004B2 (en) * 1987-05-29 1996-08-14 昭和アルミニウム株式会社 Photosensitive drum substrate for electronic copier
JPH0670270B2 (en) * 1989-05-26 1994-09-07 日本軽金属株式会社 Method for manufacturing aluminum alloy substrate for amorphous silicon photoreceptor
JP2920718B2 (en) * 1992-06-12 1999-07-19 富士ゼロックス株式会社 Electrophotographic photoreceptor and electrophotographic method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS619547A (en) 1986-01-17

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