JPS6231027B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6231027B2 JPS6231027B2 JP17567086A JP17567086A JPS6231027B2 JP S6231027 B2 JPS6231027 B2 JP S6231027B2 JP 17567086 A JP17567086 A JP 17567086A JP 17567086 A JP17567086 A JP 17567086A JP S6231027 B2 JPS6231027 B2 JP S6231027B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- polymer
- molded article
- resin
- benzoxazin
- cyclic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 95
- -1 cyclic imino ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 37
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 37
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 34
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 41
- SFDGJDBLYNJMFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,1-benzoxazin-4-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC=NC2=C1 SFDGJDBLYNJMFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 25
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 15
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 11
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 8
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 8
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 description 5
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(Cl)Cl QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BBITXNWQALLODC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(4-oxo-3,1-benzoxazin-2-yl)phenyl]-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(C3=CC=C(C=C3)C=3OC(C4=CC=CC=C4N=3)=O)=NC2=C1 BBITXNWQALLODC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-acid Natural products C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006149 polyester-amide block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002030 1,2-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:1])=C([*:2])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001140 1,4-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:2])=C([H])C([H])=C1[*:1] 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UAVIZUPEDGFRTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O1 UAVIZUPEDGFRTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WKYQIWUAPDQQRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-nitrophenyl)-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC(C=2OC(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3N=2)=C1 WKYQIWUAPDQQRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WDCDVVORESXHQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-nitrophenyl)-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one Chemical compound C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O1 WDCDVVORESXHQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940090248 4-hydroxybenzoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- LLBZPESJRQGYMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-one Natural products O1C(C(=O)CC)CC(C)C11C2(C)CCC(C3(C)C(C(C)(CO)C(OC4C(C(O)C(O)C(COC5C(C(O)C(O)CO5)OC5C(C(OC6C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O6)O)C(O)C(CO)O5)OC5C(C(O)C(O)C(C)O5)O)O4)O)CC3)CC3)=C3C2(C)CC1 LLBZPESJRQGYMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- RWZYAGGXGHYGMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthranilic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O RWZYAGGXGHYGMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony trioxide Chemical compound O=[Sb]O[Sb]=O ADCOVFLJGNWWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- WOZVHXUHUFLZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl terephthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)OC)C=C1 WOZVHXUHUFLZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920006017 homo-polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VYFOAVADNIHPTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isatoic anhydride Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1CO VYFOAVADNIHPTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004957 naphthylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1O QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000843 phenylene group Chemical group C1(=C(C=CC=C1)*)* 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 2
- LXEJRKJRKIFVNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthaloyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(Cl)=O)C=C1 LXEJRKJRKIFVNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- SEPPVOUBHWNCAW-FNORWQNLSA-N (E)-4-oxonon-2-enal Chemical compound CCCCCC(=O)\C=C\C=O SEPPVOUBHWNCAW-FNORWQNLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STGNLGBPLOVYMA-KDTZGSNLSA-N (z)-but-2-enedioic acid;(e)-but-2-enedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O.OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O STGNLGBPLOVYMA-KDTZGSNLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXHZWRZAWJVPIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diisocyanatonaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(N=C=O)C(N=C=O)=CC=C21 ZXHZWRZAWJVPIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OUPZKGBUJRBPGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound O=C1N(CC2OC2)C(=O)N(CC2OC2)C(=O)N1CC1CO1 OUPZKGBUJRBPGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PVRPNMGITJVMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-oxazine-4,6-dione Chemical compound O=C1CC(=O)N=CO1 PVRPNMGITJVMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVBFMUAFNIIQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatobutane Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCN=C=O OVBFMUAFNIIQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PGRNEGLBSNLPNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,6-dichloro-3-methylhex-1-ene Chemical compound ClC=CC(C)CCCCl PGRNEGLBSNLPNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXDDPOHVAMWLBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-Dihydroxybenzophenone Chemical compound OC1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZXDDPOHVAMWLBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KUFFULVDNCHOFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-xylenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C(C)=C1 KUFFULVDNCHOFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WIOZZYWDYUOMAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-diaminoterephthalic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC(C(O)=O)=C(N)C=C1C(O)=O WIOZZYWDYUOMAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004959 2,6-naphthylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C2=C([H])C([*:1])=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C1[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KIKBFYZALDDEEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-benzoylphenyl)-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one Chemical compound C=1C=C(C=2OC(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KIKBFYZALDDEEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DOBFHWQIDTXPFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O1 DOBFHWQIDTXPFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MRHLMDLBKLFPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[10-(4-oxo-3,1-benzoxazin-2-yl)decyl]-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(CCCCCCCCCCC=3OC(=O)C4=CC=CC=C4N=3)=NC2=C1 MRHLMDLBKLFPPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLHWFGPIHRTPLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(4-oxo-3,1-benzoxazin-2-yl)ethyl]-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(CCC=3OC(=O)C4=CC=CC=C4N=3)=NC2=C1 VLHWFGPIHRTPLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YXSKBXJKNVWUBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3,5-bis(4-oxo-3,1-benzoxazin-2-yl)phenyl]-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(C=3C=C(C=C(C=3)C=3OC(=O)C4=CC=CC=C4N=3)C=3OC(C4=CC=CC=C4N=3)=O)=NC2=C1 YXSKBXJKNVWUBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SORNEPWIFZWRMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-(4-oxo-3,1-benzoxazin-2-yl)phenyl]-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(C=3C=CC=C(C=3)C=3OC(C4=CC=CC=C4N=3)=O)=NC2=C1 SORNEPWIFZWRMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JPHVHSYZNRQYKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-chloro-4-(4-oxo-3,1-benzoxazin-2-yl)phenyl]-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(C=3C=C(C(=CC=3)C=3OC(=O)C4=CC=CC=C4N=3)Cl)=NC2=C1 JPHVHSYZNRQYKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MPLFLOQPUPLZHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-methyl-4-(4-oxo-3,1-benzoxazin-2-yl)phenyl]-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(C=3C=C(C(=CC=3)C=3OC(=O)C4=CC=CC=C4N=3)C)=NC2=C1 MPLFLOQPUPLZHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXKGLWFBWIYJEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[3-nitro-4-(4-oxo-3,1-benzoxazin-2-yl)phenyl]-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(C=3C=C(C(=CC=3)C=3OC(=O)C4=CC=CC=C4N=3)[N+](=O)[O-])=NC2=C1 XXKGLWFBWIYJEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWTFTNYATVLCOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(2H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-yl)phenyl]-2H-3,1-benzoxazine Chemical compound C1(=CC=C(C=C1)C1N=C2C(=CO1)C=CC=C2)C1N=C2C(=CO1)C=CC=C2 TWTFTNYATVLCOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IQDGOCFFOPHWLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(4-oxo-3,1-benzoxazin-2-yl)butyl]-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(CCCCC=3OC(=O)C4=CC=CC=C4N=3)=NC2=C1 IQDGOCFFOPHWLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILNKBVZASLYACV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(4-oxo-3,1-benzoxazin-2-yl)phenyl]isoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(C3=CC=C(C=C3)N3C(C4=CC=CC=C4C3=O)=O)=NC2=C1 ILNKBVZASLYACV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OZTGEJJJJHPYJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[4-[(2-carboxyphenyl)carbamoyl]benzoyl]amino]benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1NC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)NC=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(O)=O)C=C1 OZTGEJJJJHPYJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QRUWUSOUUMPANJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-5-[(4-amino-3-carboxyphenyl)methyl]benzoic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C(N)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N)C(C(O)=O)=C1 QRUWUSOUUMPANJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHBUSJPKDGHRSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butyl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(CCCC)=NC2=C1 PHBUSJPKDGHRSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1Cl ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MAKPFHFTCPNVEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyclohexyl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one Chemical compound N=1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)OC=1C1CCCCC1 MAKPFHFTCPNVEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMQSKECCMQRJRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(C)=NC2=C1 WMQSKECCMQRJRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRJMHWVNXKRCCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-naphthalen-1-yl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=3OC(C4=CC=CC=C4N=3)=O)=CC=CC2=C1 KRJMHWVNXKRCCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GBYFEFHQXLNYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-naphthalen-2-yl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(C=3OC(C4=CC=CC=C4N=3)=O)=CC=C21 GBYFEFHQXLNYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTYZDORKFFSTLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-3,1-benzoxazine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NCOC=C21 GTYZDORKFFSTLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical class C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILPDVOFDSNNCNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,6-diaminobenzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC(N)=C(C(O)=O)C=C1C(O)=O ILPDVOFDSNNCNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NEQFBGHQPUXOFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(4-carboxyphenyl)benzoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 NEQFBGHQPUXOFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YQUQWHNMBPIWGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-isopropylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 YQUQWHNMBPIWGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MNVMYTVDDOXZLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxyguaiacol Natural products COC1=CC=C(O)C(OC)=C1 MNVMYTVDDOXZLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SKDHHIUENRGTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitrobenzoyl chloride Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=C(C(Cl)=O)C=C1 SKDHHIUENRGTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNQIWYCUQPZSJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(4-oxo-3,1-benzoxazin-2-yl)-2-phenylisoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC(C=3OC(=O)C4=CC=CC=C4N=3)=CC=C2C(=O)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 CNQIWYCUQPZSJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YOPMMJNOLUKEDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(4-oxo-3,1-benzoxazin-2-yl)isoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(C=3C=C4C(=O)NC(C4=CC=3)=O)=NC2=C1 YOPMMJNOLUKEDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000228245 Aspergillus niger Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- SDDLEVPIDBLVHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bisphenol Z Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)CCCCC1 SDDLEVPIDBLVHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical class NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000241235 Citrullus lanatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012828 Citrullus lanatus var citroides Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000219112 Cucumis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009849 Cucumis sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004641 Diallyl-phthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000156978 Erebia Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Laurolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCCCCCCCN1 JHWNWJKBPDFINM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000299 Nylon 12 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000576755 Sclerotia Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000000231 Sesamum indicum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003434 Sesamum indicum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000218 acetic acid group Chemical group C(C)(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000122 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003232 aliphatic polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006127 amorphous resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004984 aromatic diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XTKDAFGWCDAMPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N azaperone Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)CCCN1CCN(C=2N=CC=CC=2)CC1 XTKDAFGWCDAMPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000000005 bacterial plant pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- HTTLBYITFHMYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentranil Chemical compound N=1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)OC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 HTTLBYITFHMYFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008366 benzophenones Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 1
- PASDCCFISLVPSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PASDCCFISLVPSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC=C QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium acetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001639 calcium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011092 calcium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005147 calcium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000068 chlorophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006038 crystalline resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004956 cyclohexylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004979 cyclopentylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003074 decanoyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001990 dicarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940117389 dichlorobenzene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ROORDVPLFPIABK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl carbonate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 ROORDVPLFPIABK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007756 gravure coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000113 methacrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IDVDCFLVRHMYHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(4-oxo-3,1-benzoxazin-2-yl)phenyl]benzamide Chemical compound C=1C=C(C=2OC(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=CC=1NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IDVDCFLVRHMYHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJPNPWPMTMGRJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyl-n-[4-(4-oxo-3,1-benzoxazin-2-yl)phenyl]benzamide Chemical compound C=1C=C(C=2OC(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=CC=1N(C)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 YJPNPWPMTMGRJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZZGQZMNFCTNAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,6-dicarbonyl chloride Chemical compound C1=C(C(Cl)=O)C=CC2=CC(C(=O)Cl)=CC=C21 NZZGQZMNFCTNAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000006501 nitrophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000286 phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009372 pisciculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006289 polycarbonate film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000874 polytetramethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002076 thermal analysis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic anhydride Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Nitrogen And Oxygen As The Only Ring Hetero Atoms (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Description
ę¬ēŗęćÆę°č¦ćŖē“«å¤ē·åøåå¤ćēØććē“«å¤ē·ć
ćć®äæč·ć«é¢ćććę“ć«č©³ćććÆćē°ē¶ć¤ćććØ
ć¹ćć«ćę°č¦ćŖē“«å¤ē·åøåå¤ćØćć¦ę½ēØććéå
ä½ęå½¢åćēØćć¦ćē“«å¤ć«ćć¤ć¦ęć¾ćććŖćå½±
éæćåććåÆ¾č±”ē©ćē“«å¤ē·ććå®č³Ŗēć«é®ęćäæ
č·ććę¹ę³ć«é¢ććć
ęę©ęęä¾ćć°åęęعčć天ē¶ęعčćć“ć ćę²¹
čå”ęćć¤ć³ććęęēćÆäøč¬ć«ē“«å¤ē·ć«åƾćć¦
ęęć§ććććć®å¤ćć®ćć®ćÆćć®ä½ēØć«ććå£
åćåč§£ćčµ·ććććć®ēµęč²å¤åćę©ę¢°ēå¼·åŗ¦
å¤åēćå¼ćčµ·ććé·ęć®ä½æēØć«čćå¾ćŖććć¾
ćęčæć«ćŖć¤ć¦ććēØ®ć®ę¤ē©ē
åčä¾ćć°ēزćęÆ
ććć¤ć¢ćē
čććć¾čęÆē
čļ¼ęčé”ćčč
é”ćę ¹čé”ćŖć©ć®åéčć«ēŗēććčę øē
čļ¼ć
ććŖćć¤ć¹čćēē“ ē
čćć¤ćęÆē
čćé»ć«ćē
čćęē¹ē
čēć®ć«ćé”ć®ē¹ę®ćØē“«å¤ē·ćØć®éć«
åÆę„ćŖé¢äæććććććę³¢é·ć®ē“«å¤ē·ć®å®å
Øé®č½
ę”件äøć§ćÆćććć«ćé”ćÆē¹ę®ććŖćććØćęć
ćć«ććć¦ććć
ććę
ćå±å¤ć§ä½æēØćććęę©ęęä¾ćć°ęعč
ęå½¢åćęććÆē“«å¤ē·é®č½ćč¦ććåéć«ēØćć
ććéęćŖęę©ęęęććÆē”ę©ęęć«ćē“«å¤ē·åø
åå¤ćåę£å«ęćććććØćéåøøč”ćŖććć¦ć
ćć
ćććē“«å¤ē·åøåå¤ćØćć¦ćÆćä¾ćć°ćć³ć¾ć
ćØćć³ē³»ććć³ć¾ććŖć¢ć¾ć¼ć«ē³»ććµćŖćć«é
øē³»
ććććÆćć¤ććććć³ē³»ååē©é”ćē„ććć¦ć
ćć¾ćććä½æēØććć¦ććć
ććććŖććććććć®ē“«å¤ē·åøåå¤ćÆē±ćć
ććÆé
øåć«åƾććå®å®ę§ćåæ
ćććå
åć§ćŖćć
ć®ćå¤ććć¾ćé«ęø©ä¾ćć°200ā仄äøć®ęø©åŗ¦ć§ę
čÆćććććććÆä½æēØęć«ęęč”Øé¢ć«ććŖć¼ćć¢
ć¦ććććććę¬ ē¹ć®ćććć®ćå¤ćć
ććę
ćę¬ēŗęć®ē®ēćÆćå¾ę„ē„ććć¦ććē“«
å¤ē·åøåå¤ćØćÆå
Øćē°ćŖćę§é ćęććę°č¦ćŖē“«
å¤ē·åøåå¤ćę½ēØććéåä½ęå½¢åć«ćć¤ć¦ćē“«
å¤ē·ććäæč·ććåæ
č¦ć®ććåÆ¾č±”ē©ćē“«å¤ē·ćć
éé¢ćäæč·ććę¹ę³ćęä¾ććććØć«ććć
ę¬ēŗęć®ę“ć«ä»ć®ē®ēććć³å©ē¹ćÆ仄äøć®čŖ¬ę
ććęćććØćŖććć
ćććę¬ēŗęć®ē®ēććć³å©ē¹ćÆćę¬ēŗęć«ć
ćć°ćē¬¬äøć«ćäøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼
ććć§ćX1ćÆćäøčØå¼ć«č”ØććććX1ććć®
ļ¼ę¬ć®ēµåęćļ¼ä½ćļ¼ä½ć®ä½ē½®é¢äæć«ćććļ¼
ä¾”ć®č³é¦ęę®åŗć§ććļ¼ļ½ćÆļ¼ļ¼ļ¼åćÆļ¼ć§ć
ćļ¼R1ćÆļ½ä¾”ć®ēåę°“ē“ ę®åŗć§ććććÆę“ć«ć
ććååćå«ęćć¦ćć¦ććććåćÆR1ćÆļ½ļ¼
ļ¼ć®ćØćē“ę„ēµåć§ććććØćć§ććć
ććć³äøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼
ććć§ļ¼”ćÆäøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼āļ½
ć§č”Øććććåŗć§ćććåćÆć
äøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼āļ½
ć§č”Øććććåŗć§ććļ¼
R2ććć³R3ćÆåäøććććÆē°ćŖćäøä¾”ć®ēåę°“
ē“ åŗć§ććļ¼
X2ćÆåä¾”ć®č³é¦ęę®åŗć§ććććÆę“ć«ćććå
åćå«ęćć¦ćć¦ćććć
ć§č”Øććććē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ććéøć°ććå°
ćŖććØćļ¼ēØ®ć®ååē©ćęŖååæć®å½¢ę
ć§äøć¤ē“«å¤
ē·åøåå¤ćØćć¦ę½ēØććéåä½ęå½¢åćēØćć¦ć
ē“«å¤ē·ć«ććęć¾ćććŖćå½±éæćåććåÆ¾č±”ē©
ććē“«å¤ē·ććå®č³Ŗēć«é®ęćäæč·ććććØćē¹
従ćØććč©²åÆ¾č±”ē©ćē“«å¤ē·ććäæč·ććę¹ę³ćć«
ćć¤ć¦éęćććć
äøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼ććć³ļ¼ļ¼ć§č”Øććććē°ē¶ć¤
ćććØć¹ćć«ć«å
å«ćććę°å¤ćć®ååē©ćÆćę«
ē«Æć«ę°“é
øåŗćęććč³é¦ęććŖćØć¹ćć«ć®ååé
ēµåå¤ćØćć¦ē„ććć¦ććļ¼ē±³å½ē¹čرē¬¬4291152
å·ęē“°ęøļ¼ćć¾ććäøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼ć§č”Øććććē°
ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ć®ćć”ćäøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼ć«ććć¦
R1ćććØćć«åćÆē½®ęććØćć«ćX1ććŖć«ćć
ćØćć¬ć³ććć¦ļ½ļ¼ļ¼ć§ććå¹¾ć¤ćć®ååē©ćć
ć³ćććć®åęę³ćē„ććć¦ććļ¼ä¾ćć°ćć±ć
ć«ć«ć»ć¢ćć¹ćć©ćÆćvol.65ļ¼1966幓ļ¼
15371dļ¼ć
ććę
ććććć®å
č”ęč”ćÆę¬ēŗęć«ććć¦ēØ
ććććäøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼ććć³ļ¼ļ¼ć®ååē©ćć
ć³ćć®åęę³ć«é¢ćę¬ęē“°ęøć«ęē®ćØćć¦å¼ēØć
ććć
äøčØäøč¬å¼ļ¼ļ¼äøćX1ćÆå¼ļ¼ļ¼ć«č”Øćć
ććX1ććć®ļ¼ę¬ć®ēµåęćļ¼ä½ćļ¼ä½ć®ä½ē½®
é¢äæć«ćććļ¼ä¾”ć®č³é¦ęę®åŗć§ććļ¼ļ½ćÆļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼åćÆļ¼ć§ććļ¼R1ćÆļ½ä¾”ć®ēåę°“ē“ ę®åŗć§ć
ćććÆę“ć«ćććååćå«ęćć¦ćć¦ććććå
ćÆR1ćÆļ½ļ¼ļ¼ć®ćØćē“ę„ēµåć§ććććØćć§ć
ćć
X1ćØćć¦ćÆć儽ć¾ćććÆä¾ćć°ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āććØ
ćć¬ć³ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćććć¬ć³ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćććć¬
ć³ćäøčØå¼
The present invention relates to protection from ultraviolet light using novel ultraviolet absorbers. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method of substantially shielding and protecting objects that are undesirably affected by ultraviolet light by using a polymer molded article to which a cyclic iminoester is applied as a novel ultraviolet absorber. Organic materials such as synthetic resins, natural resins, rubber, oil paints, inks, dyes, etc. are generally sensitive to ultraviolet light, and many of them deteriorate and decompose due to the action of ultraviolet light, resulting in color change and mechanical strength loss. It may cause changes, etc., and cannot withstand long-term use. In addition, recently, certain plant pathogenic bacteria have been introduced, such as potato blast fungus that kills rice, sesame leaf blight fungus; sclerotia fungus that occurs on various vegetables such as fruit vegetables, leafy vegetables, and root vegetables; It has been revealed that there is a close relationship between the propagation of molds such as Aspergillus niger and Mold and UV rays, and that these molds do not reproduce under conditions of complete shielding from UV rays of certain wavelengths. Therefore, it is common practice to disperse and contain ultraviolet absorbers in organic materials used outdoors, such as resin molded products, or transparent organic or inorganic materials used in fields that require ultraviolet shielding. As such ultraviolet absorbers, for example, benzophenone-based, benzotriazole-based, salicylic acid-based or hydroquinone-based compounds are known and often used. However, many of these UV absorbers do not necessarily have sufficient stability against heat or oxidation, and some have the disadvantage of subliming at high temperatures, for example, over 200Ā°C, or bleeding out onto the material surface during use. many. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to protect objects that need to be protected from ultraviolet rays by using a polymer molded article coated with a novel ultraviolet absorber having a structure completely different from that of conventionally known ultraviolet absorbers. The objective is to provide a method of isolation and protection from ultraviolet radiation. Further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description below. According to the present invention, the objects and advantages of the present invention are, firstly, that the following formula () Here, X 1 is 2, where the two bonds from X 1 expressed in the above formula are in the positional relationship of the 1st and 2nd positions.
n is a valent aromatic residue; n is 1, 2 or 3; R 1 is an n-valent hydrocarbon residue which may further contain a heteroatom, or R 1 is n=
It can be a direct bond when 2, and the following formula () Here, A is the following formula () - a or the following formula ()-b R 2 and R 3 are the same or different monovalent hydrocarbon groups; X 2 is a tetravalent aromatic residue, which may further contain a heteroatom, Using a polymer molded article to which at least one compound selected from the cyclic iminoesters represented by is applied in an unreacted form and as an ultraviolet absorber,
This is achieved by a method for protecting an object from ultraviolet radiation, which is characterized in that the object that is undesirably affected by ultraviolet radiation is substantially shielded from and protected from ultraviolet radiation. Numerous compounds included in the cyclic iminoesters represented by the above formulas () and () are known as molecular chain binding agents for aromatic polyesters having a hydroxyl group at the terminal (U.S. Pat. No. 4,291,152
No. Specification). In addition, among the cyclic iminoesters represented by the above formula (), in the above formula ()
Several compounds in which R 1 is phenyl or substituted phenyl, X 1 is orthophenylene, and n=1 and their synthesis methods are known (for example, Chemical Abstracts vol. 65, 1966,
15371d). Therefore, these prior arts are cited herein as references with respect to the compounds of the above formulas () and () used in the present invention and their synthesis methods. In the above general formula (), X 1 is a divalent aromatic residue in which the two bonds from X 1 represented by the formula () are in the 1st and 2nd positions; is 1,
2 or 3; R 1 is an n-valent hydrocarbon residue,
It may further contain heteroatoms or R 1 may be a direct bond when n=2. X 1 is preferably, for example, 1,2-phenylene, 1,2-naphthylene, 2,3-naphthylene, the following formula
ćå¼ćåćÆ[Formula] or
ćå¼ć
ććć§ćļ¼²ćÆāļ¼Æāļ¼āCOāļ¼āļ¼³āļ¼ā
SO2āļ¼āCH2āļ¼ļ¼āCH2ļ¼āļ¼åćÆāļ¼£ļ¼CH3ļ¼2
āć§ććć
ć§č”ØććććåŗćęććććØćć§ććććććć®
ćć”ćē¹ć«ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āććØćć¬ć³ć儽ć¾ććć
X1ć«ć¤ćć¦ä¾ē¤ŗććäøčØč³é¦ęę®åŗćÆćä¾ć
ć°ēē“ ę°ļ¼ć10ć®ć¢ć«ćć«ä¾ćć°ć”ćć«ććØć
ć«ććććć«ćććć·ć«ććć·ć«ēļ¼ēē“ ę°ļ¼ć
12ć®ć¢ć«ć¼ć«ä¾ćć°ććØćć«ććććć«ēļ¼ēē“
ę°ļ¼ć12ć®ć·ćÆćć¢ć«ćć«ä¾ćć°ć·ćÆććć³ć
ć«ćć·ćÆćććć·ć«ēļ¼ēē“ ę°ļ¼ć20ć®ć¢ć©ć«ć
ć«ä¾ćć°ććØćć«ćØćć«ļ¼ēē“ ę°ļ¼ć10ć®ć¢ć«ć³
ćć·ä¾ćć°ć”ććć·ććØććć·ććć·ć«ćŖćć·
ēļ¼ćććļ¼ććć²ć³ä¾ćć°å”©ē“ ćčē“ ēļ¼ēē“
ę°ļ¼ć10ć®ć¢ć·ć«ä¾ćć°ć¢ć»ćć«ćććććć«ć
ćć³ć¾ć¤ć«ććć«ćć¤ć«ēććŖć©ć®ē½®ęåŗć§ē½®ę
ććć¦ćć¦ćććć
R1ćÆļ½ä¾”ļ¼ä½ććļ½ćÆļ¼ļ¼ļ¼åćÆļ¼ć§ććļ¼
ć®ēåę°“ē“ ę®åŗć§ććććåćÆļ½ćļ¼ć§ćććØć
ć«éćē“ę„ēµåć§ććććØćć§ććć
ļ¼ä¾”ć®ēåę°“ē“ é
øåŗļ¼ļ½ļ¼ļ¼ć®å “åļ¼ćØćć¦
ćÆćē¬¬äøć«ćä¾ćć°ēē“ ę°ļ¼ć10ć®ęŖē½®ęččŖę
åŗćēē“ ę°ļ¼ć12ć®ęŖē½®ęč³é¦ęåŗćēē“ ę°ļ¼ć
12ć®ęŖē½®ęčē°ęåŗćęććććć
ēē“ ę°ļ¼ć10ć®ęŖē½®ęččŖęåŗćØćć¦ćÆä¾ćć°
ć”ćć«ććØćć«ććććć«ćććć«ććć·ć«ē
ććēē“ ę°ļ¼ć12ć®ęŖē½®ęč³é¦ęåŗćØćć¦ćÆä¾ć
ć°ććØćć«ććććć«ććććØćć«ēććēē“ ę°
ļ¼ć12ć®ęŖē½®ęčē°ęåŗćØćć¦ćÆä¾ćć°ć·ćÆćć
ć³ćć«ćć·ćÆćććć·ć«ēćęććććØćć§ć
ćć
åćäøčØäøä¾”ć®ēåę°“ē“ ę®åŗćØćć¦ćÆćē¬¬äŗ
ć«ćä¾ćć°äøčØå¼(c)
ććć§ćR4ćÆēē“ ę°ļ¼ć10ć®ć¢ć«ćć¬ć³ćć
ćØćć¬ć³åćÆćććć¬ć³ć§ććć
ć§č”ØććććåŗćäøčØå¼(d)
ććć§R5ćÆēē“ ę°ļ¼ć10ć®ć¢ć«ćć«åŗćććØ
ćć«åŗåćÆćććć«åŗć§ććć
ć§č”ØććććåŗćäøčØå¼(e)
ććć§ćR4ććć³R5ć®å®ē¾©ćÆäøčØć«åćć§ć
ććR6ćÆę°“ē“ åååćÆR5ć«å®ē¾©ćććåŗć®ćć
ććć§ććć
ć§č”ØććććåŗćåćÆäøčØå¼(f)
ććć§ćR4ććć³R6ć®å®ē¾©ćÆäøčØć«åćć§ć
ććR7ćÆę°“ē“ åååćÆR5ć«å®ē¾©ćććåŗć®ćć
ććć§ććć
ć§č”Øććććē½®ęćććččŖęę®åŗåćÆč³é¦ęę®
åŗćęććććØćć§ććć
ć¾ććäøčØļ¼ä¾”ć®ēåę°“ē“ ę®åŗćØćć¦ćÆćē¬¬äø
ć«ćäøčØęŖē½®ęć®č³é¦ęę®åŗćä¾ćć°äøčØX1ć
č”Øććč³é¦ęę®åŗć®ē½®ęåŗćØćć¦ä¾ē¤ŗćććØåć
ē½®ęåŗć§ē½®ęććć¦ćććć®ćęććććØćć§ć
ććććę
ććććē½®ęåŗć§ē½®ęćććå “åć®ä¾
ćØćć¦ćÆćä¾ćć°ććŖć«ćć”ćć«ćććć«ććć
ćććØćć«ćććććććć«ććÆććććØćć«ć
ćć³ć¾ć¤ć«ććØćć«ćć¢ć»ćć«ććØćć«åćÆć¢ć»
ćć«ćććć«ēćęććććØćć§ććć
ļ¼ä¾”ć®ēåę°“ē“ ę®åŗćØćć¦ćÆćäøčØå¼(c)ļ¼(d)(e)
åćÆ(f)ć§č”ØććććåŗćććŖćć”ē½®ęćććččŖ
ęę®åŗåćÆč³é¦ęę®åŗćē¹ć«ćć®ćć”ē½®ęććć
č³é¦ęę®åŗć儽ć¾ććć
ļ¼ä¾”ć®ēåę°“ē“ ę®åŗļ¼ļ½ļ¼ļ¼ć®å “åļ¼ćØćć¦
ćÆćē¬¬ļ¼ć«ćä¾ćć°ēē“ ę°ļ¼ć10ć®ęŖē½®ęć®ččŖ
ęę®åŗćēē“ ę°ļ¼ć12ć®ęŖē½®ęć®č³é¦ęę®åŗćē
ē“ ę°ļ¼ć12ć®ęŖē½®ęć®čē°ęę®åŗćęććććć
ēē“ ę°ļ¼ć10ć®ęŖē½®ęć®ččŖęę®åŗćØćć¦ćÆć
ä¾ćć°ćØćć¬ć³ćććŖć”ćć¬ć³ćććć©ć”ćć¬
ć³ććć«ć”ćć¬ć³ēććēē“ ę°ļ¼ć12ć®ęŖē½®ęć®
č³é¦ęę®åŗćØćć¦ćÆä¾ćć°ććØćć¬ć³ććććć¬
ć³ćļ½ļ¼pā²āćććØćć¬ć³ēććēē“ ę°ļ¼ć12ć®
ęŖē½®ęć®čē°ęę®åŗćØćć¦ćÆä¾ćć°ć·ćÆććć³ć
ć¬ć³ćć·ćÆćććć·ć¬ć³ēćęććććØćć§ć
ćć
åćäøčØļ¼ä¾”ć®ēåę°“ē“ ę®åŗćØćć¦ćÆćē¬¬ļ¼
ć«ćä¾ćć°äøčØå¼(g)
ććć§ćR8ćÆR4ć«å®ē¾©ćććåŗć®ććććć§
ććć
ć§č”ØććććåŗćåćÆäøčØå¼(h)
ććć§ćR8ć®å®ē¾©ćÆäøčØć«åćć§ćććR9ćÆ
R4ć«å®ē¾©ćććåŗć®ććććć§ćććććć¦R10
ćÆR6ć«å®ē¾©ćććåŗć®ććććć§ććć
ć§č”Øććććē½®ęćććččŖęę®åŗåćÆč³é¦ęę®
åŗćęććććØćć§ććć
ć¾ććäøčØļ¼ä¾”ć®ēåę°“ē“ ę®åŗćØćć¦ćÆćē¬¬ļ¼
ć«ćäøčØęŖē½®ęć®ļ¼ä¾”ć®č³é¦ęę®åŗććä¾ćć°äø
čØX1ćč”Øććč³é¦ęåŗć®ē½®ęåŗćØćć¦ä¾ē¤ŗćć
ćØåćē½®ęåŗć§ē½®ęććć¦ćććć®ćęććććØ
ćć§ććć
ļ½ćļ¼ć®å “åć«ćÆćR1ćØćć¦ćÆććććć®ć
ć”ē“ę„ēµååćÆäøčØē¬¬ļ¼ćē¬¬ļ¼ć®ē¾¤ć®ęŖē½®ęåćÆ
ē½®ęćććļ¼ä¾”ć®č³é¦ęēåę°“ē“ ę®åŗć儽ć¾ć
ććē¹ć«ćļ¼ę¬ć®ēµåęćęćé¢ććä½ē½®ććåŗ
ć¦ććē¬¬ļ¼åćÆē¬¬ļ¼ć®ē¾¤ć®ęŖē½®ęć®åćÆē½®ęćć
ćč³é¦ęēåę°“ē“ ę®åŗć儽ć¾ćććå°±äøļ½āććØ
ćć¬ć³ćļ½ļ¼pā²āćććØćć¬ć³åćÆļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć
ćć¬ć³ć儽ć¾ććć
ļ¼ä¾”ć®ēåę°“ē“ ę®åŗļ¼ļ½ļ¼ļ¼ć®å “åļ¼ćØćć¦
ćÆćä¾ćć°ēē“ ę°ļ¼ć12ć®č³é¦ęę®åŗćęććć
ćØćć§ććć
ćććč³é¦ęę®åŗćØćć¦ćÆćä¾ćć°ć
[Formula] Here, R is -O-, -CO-, -S-, -
SO 2 --, --CH 2 --, (-CH 2 ) -- 2 or --C(CH 3 ) 2
-, and groups represented by these can be mentioned. Among these, 1,2-phenylene is particularly preferred. The above aromatic residues exemplified for X 1 include, for example, alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, hexyl, decyl, etc.;
Arul of 12, such as phenyl, naphthyl, etc.; cycloalkyl, having 5 to 12 carbon atoms, such as cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, etc.; aralkyl, having 8 to 20 carbon atoms, such as phenylethyl; alkoxy, having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, such as methoxy, ethoxy, decyloxy, etc.; nitro; Halogens such as chlorine, bromine, etc.; Acyls having 2 to 10 carbon atoms such as acetyl, proponyl,
It may be substituted with substituents such as benzoyl, decanoyl, etc. R 1 is n-valent (however, n is 1, 2 or 3)
can be a direct bond only when n is a hydrocarbon residue or n is 2. As the monovalent hydrocarbon acid group (when n=1), firstly, for example, an unsubstituted aliphatic group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted aromatic group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and an unsubstituted aromatic group having 5 to 12 carbon atoms.
Twelve unsubstituted alicyclic groups are mentioned. Examples of unsubstituted aliphatic groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms include methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, decyl, etc.; examples of unsubstituted aromatic groups having 6 to 12 carbon atoms include phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, etc.; Examples of the 5-12 unsubstituted alicyclic group include cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl. Second, as the above-mentioned monovalent hydrocarbon residue, for example, the following formula (c) Here, R 4 is alkylene, phenylene or naphthylene having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, a group represented by the following formula (d) Here, R 5 is an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a phenyl group or a naphthyl group, a group represented by the following formula (e) Here, the definitions of R 4 and R 5 are the same as above, and R 6 is either a hydrogen atom or a group defined for R 5 , or a group represented by the following formula (f) Here, the definitions of R 4 and R 6 are the same as above, and R 7 is either a hydrogen atom or a group defined for R 5 , a substituted aliphatic residue or an aromatic residue represented by The following groups can be mentioned. Thirdly, as the monovalent hydrocarbon residue, the unsubstituted aromatic residue is substituted with the same substituent as exemplified as the substituent for the aromatic residue representing X 1 above. I can list the ones that exist. Therefore, examples of substitution with such substituents include tolyl, methylnaphthyl, nitrophenyl, nitronaphthyl, chlorophenyl,
Examples include benzoyl phenyl, acetylphenyl, acetyl naphthyl, and the like. As monovalent hydrocarbon residues, the above formulas (c), (d)(e)
or (f), ie substituted aliphatic residues or aromatic residues, especially substituted aromatic residues among them are preferred. As the divalent hydrocarbon residue (when n=2), firstly, for example, an unsubstituted aliphatic residue having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an unsubstituted aromatic residue having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, Examples include unsubstituted alicyclic residues having 5 to 12 carbon atoms. As unsubstituted aliphatic residues having 2 to 10 carbon atoms,
Examples of unsubstituted aromatic residues having 6 to 12 carbon atoms include phenylene, naphthylene, p,p'-biphenylene, etc.; Examples of alicyclic residues include cyclopentylene and cyclohexylene. In addition, as the above-mentioned divalent hydrocarbon residue, the second
For example, the following formula (g) Here, R 8 is any of the groups defined for R 4 , or a group represented by the following formula (h) Here, the definition of R 8 is the same as above and R 9 is
R 4 is any of the groups defined, and R 10
is any of the groups defined for R 6 , and can include a substituted aliphatic residue or an aromatic residue represented by the following. In addition, as the above-mentioned divalent hydrocarbon residue, tertiary
Examples include those in which the unsubstituted divalent aromatic residue is substituted with the same substituent as exemplified as the substituent for the aromatic group representing X 1 above. When n is 2, R 1 is preferably a direct bond or an unsubstituted or substituted divalent aromatic hydrocarbon residue of the first to third groups above, particularly two Unsubstituted or substituted aromatic hydrocarbon residues of the first or third group in which the bond emanates from the most distant position are preferred, especially p-phenylene, p,p'-biphenylene or , 6-naphthylene is preferred. Examples of the trivalent hydrocarbon residue (when n=3) include aromatic residues having 6 to 12 carbon atoms. Such aromatic residues include, for example,
ćå¼ććformulać
ćå¼ćēć
ęććććØćć§ććć
ćććč³é¦ęę®åŗćÆćäøčØļ¼ä¾”ć®č³é¦ęę®åŗć®
ē½®ęåŗćØćć¦ä¾ē¤ŗćććØåćē½®ęåŗć§ē½®ęććć¦
ćć¦ćććć
äøčØäøč¬å¼ļ¼ļ¼äøćR2ććć³R3ćÆåäøćć
ććÆē°ćŖćļ¼ä¾”ć®ēåę°“ē“ ę®åŗć§ćććX2ćÆļ¼
ä¾”ć®č³é¦ęēåę°“ē“ ę®åŗć§ććć
R2ććć³R3ćØćć¦ćÆćäøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼ć®čŖ¬ęć«
ććć¦ćļ½ļ¼ļ¼ć®å “åć®R1ć«ć¤ćć¦ä¾ē¤ŗćććØ
åćåŗćä¾ćØćć¦ęććććØćć§ććć
ļ¼ä¾”ć®č³é¦ęēåę°“ē“ ę®åŗćØćć¦ćÆćä¾ćć°ć
[Formula] etc. can be mentioned. Such an aromatic residue may be substituted with the same substituent as exemplified as the substituent for the above-mentioned monovalent aromatic residue. In the above general formula (), R 2 and R 3 are the same or different monovalent hydrocarbon residues, and X 2 is 4
aromatic hydrocarbon residue. Examples of R 2 and R 3 include the same groups as exemplified for R 1 in the case of n=1 in the explanation of the above formula (). Examples of tetravalent aromatic hydrocarbon residues include:
ćå¼ććformulać
ćå¼ććformulać
ćå¼ććformulać
ćå¼ćåćÆ[Formula] or
ćå¼ćļ¼ććć§ļ¼²ć®å®ē¾©ćÆå¼(a)
ć«åćļ¼ć§č”ØććććåŗćęććććØćć§ććć
äøčØļ¼ä¾”ć®č³é¦ęę®åŗćÆćäøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼ć®čŖ¬ę
ć«ććć¦ćR1ćč”Øććļ¼ä¾”ć®č³é¦ęę®åŗć®ē½®ę
åŗćØćć¦ä¾ē¤ŗćććØåćē½®ęåŗć§ē½®ęććć¦ćć¦
ćććć
ę¬ēŗęć«ććć¦ēØććććäøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼ććć³
å¼ļ¼ļ¼ć§č”Øććććē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ć®å
·ä½
ä¾ćØćć¦ćÆćä¾ćć°äøčØć®ååē©ćęććććØć
ć§ććć
äøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼ć®ååē©
ļ½ļ¼ļ¼ć®å “åć®ååē©
ļ¼āć”ćć«āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼
āćŖć³ļ¼
ļ¼āććć«āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼
āćŖć³ļ¼
ļ¼āććØćć«āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³ā
ļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼
ļ¼āļ¼ļ¼āåćÆļ¼āćććć«ļ¼āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āć
ć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼
ļ¼āļ¼ļ¼āćććØćć«ļ¼āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖ
ććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼
ļ¼āļ½āćććććØćć«āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖ
ććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼
ļ¼āļ½āćććććØćć«āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖ
ććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼
ļ¼āļ½āćć³ć¾ć¤ć«ććØćć«āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³
ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼
ļ¼āļ½āć”ććć·ććØćć«āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾
ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼
ļ¼āļ½āć”ććć·ććØćć«āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾
ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼
ļ¼āć·ćÆćććć·ć«āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµ
ćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼
ļ¼āļ½āļ¼åćÆļ½āļ¼ććæć«ć¤ććććØćć«
āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼
ļ¼®āććØćć«āļ¼āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµ
ćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³āļ¼āć¤ć«ļ¼ććæć«ć¤ććļ¼
ļ¼®āćć³ć¾ć¤ć«āļ¼āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖć
ćµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³āļ¼āć¤ć«ļ¼ć¢ććŖć³ļ¼
ļ¼®āćć³ć¾ć¤ć«āļ¼®āć”ćć«āļ¼āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼
āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³āļ¼āć¤ć«ļ¼
ć¢ććŖć³ļ¼
ļ¼āćļ½āļ¼ļ¼®āććØćć«ćļ¼®āć”ćć«ć«ć«
ććć«ļ¼ććØćć«ćāļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµ
ćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³
ļ½ļ¼ļ¼ć®å “åć®ååē©
ļ¼ļ¼2ā²āćć¹ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³ā
ļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼2ā²āćØćć¬ć³ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖć
ćµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼2ā²āććć©ć”ćć¬ć³ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³
ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼2ā²āćć«ć”ćć¬ć³ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾
ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼2ā²āļ½āććØćć¬ć³ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³
ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼2ā²āļ½āććØćć¬ć³ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³
ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼2ā²āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼4ā²āćøććØćć¬ć³ļ¼ćć¹
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼2ā²āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼åćÆļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćććæć¬ć³ļ¼
ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖ
ć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼2ā²āļ¼ļ¼āć”ćć«āļ½āććØćć¬ć³ļ¼ć
ć¹ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖ
ć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼2ā²āļ¼ļ¼āćććāļ½āććØćć¬ć³ļ¼ć
ć¹ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖ
ć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼2ā²āļ¼ļ¼āćÆććāļ½āććØćć¬ć³ļ¼ć
ć¹ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖ
ć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼2ā²āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āć·ćÆćććć·ć¬ć³ļ¼ćć¹
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼®āļ½āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼ā
ćŖć³āļ¼āć¤ć«ļ¼ććØćć«ļ¼ļ¼āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ā
ćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³āļ¼āć¤ć«ļ¼ć
ćæć«ć¤ććļ¼
ļ¼®āļ½āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼ā
ćŖć³āļ¼āć¤ć«ļ¼ćć³ć¾ć¤ć«ļ¼ļ¼āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼
āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³āļ¼āć¤ć«ļ¼
ć¢ććŖć«
ļ½ļ¼ļ¼ć®å “åć®ååē©
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āććŖļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćø
ć³āļ¼āćŖć³āļ¼āć¤ć«ļ¼ćć³ć¼ć³ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āććŖļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćø
ć³āļ¼āćŖć³āļ¼āć¤ć«ļ¼ćććæć¬ć³ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āććŖļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćø
ć³āļ¼āćŖć³āļ¼āć¤ć«ļ¼ćććæć¬ć³
äøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼ć®ååē©
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćøć”ćć«ā4Hļ¼6Hāćć³ć¾ćļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼āļ½ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ādā²ććć¹āćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ćāćŖ
ććµćøć³āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćøćŖć³ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćøć”ćć«ā4Hļ¼9Hāćć³ć¾ćļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼āļ½ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ādā²ććć¹ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ćāćŖć
ćµćøć³āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćøćŖć³ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćøććØćć«ā4Hļ¼8Hāćć³ć¾
ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āļ½ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ādā²ććć¹ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ć
āćŖććµćøć³āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćøćŖć³ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćøććØćć«ā4Hļ¼9Hāćć³ć¾
ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āļ½ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ādā²ććć¹ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ć
āćŖććµćøć³āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćøćŖć³ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼6ā²āćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āć”ćć«ā4Hļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ā
ćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼6ā²āćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āćØćć«ā4Hļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ā
ćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ć
ļ¼ļ¼6ā²āćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āććØćć«ā4Hļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼
āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼6ā²āć”ćć¬ć³ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āć”ćć«ā4Hļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼6ā²āć”ćć¬ć³ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āććØćć«ā
4Hļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖ
ć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼6ā²āāćØćć¬ć³ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āć”ćć«ā
4Hļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖ
ć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼6ā²āćØćć¬ć³ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āććØćć«ā
4Hļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖ
ć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼6ā²āććć¬ć³ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āć”ćć«ā4Hļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼6ā²āććć¬ć³ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āććØćć«ā
4Hļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖ
ć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼6ā²āāćŖćć·ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āć”ćć«ā4Hļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼6ā²āćŖćć·ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āććØćć«ā4Hļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³ļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼6ā²āć¹ć«ććć«ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āć”ćć«ā
4Hļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖ
ć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼6ā²āć¹ć«ććć«ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āććØćć«ā
4Hļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖ
ć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼6ā²āć«ć«ććć«ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āć”ćć«ā
4Hļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖ
ć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼6ā²āć«ć«ććć«ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āććØćć«ā
4Hļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖ
ć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼7ā²āć”ćć¬ć³ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āć”ćć«ā4Hļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼7ā²āć”ćć¬ć³ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āććØćć«ā
4Hļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖ
ć³ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼7ā²āćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āć”ćć«ā4Hļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ā
ćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ć
ļ¼ļ¼7ā²āćØćć¬ć³ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āć”ćć«ā4Hļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼7ā²āćŖćć·ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āć”ćć«ā4Hļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼7ā²āć¹ć«ććć«ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āć”ćć«ā
4Hļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖ
ć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼7ā²āć«ć«ććć«ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āć”ćć«ā
4Hļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖ
ć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼7ā²āćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āć”ćć«ā4Hļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ā
ćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ć
ļ¼ļ¼7ā²āćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āććØćć«ā4Hļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼
āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼7ā²āć”ćć¬ć³ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āć”ćć«ā4Hļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼7ā²āć”ćć¬ć³ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āććØćć«ā
4Hļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖ
ć³ļ¼ļ¼
äøčØä¾ē¤ŗååē©ć®ćć”ćäøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼ć®åå
ē©ććć儽ć¾ćććÆļ½ļ¼ļ¼ć®å “åć®äøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼
ć®ååē©ćē¹ć«å„½ć¾ćććÆ
äøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼āļ¼
ććć§ćR11ćÆļ¼ä¾”ć®č³é¦ęēåę°“ē“ ę®åŗć§ć
ćć
ć§č”Øććććååē©ćęå©ć«ēØććććć
å¼ļ¼ļ¼āļ¼ć®ååē©ćØćć¦ćÆćå°±äøļ¼ļ¼2ā²ā
ļ½āļ½āććØćć¬ć³ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµ
ćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼2ā²āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼4ā²āćøććØć
ć¬ć³ļ¼ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć¹āļ¼āćŖ
ć³ļ¼ććć³ļ¼ļ¼2ā²āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćććæć¬ć³ļ¼ćć¹
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ć儽ć¾
ććć
ę¬ēŗęć§ēØććććäøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼ććć³ļ¼ļ¼
ć§č”Øććććē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćē“«å¤ē·åøåå¤
ćØćć¦ćē¹ć«åŖććčē±ę§ćé
øåęµęę§ćęćć
ē“«å¤ē·åøåå¤ćØćć¦ä½æēØć§ććććØćÆå¾ę„å
Øćē„
ććć¦ććŖćć¤ćć
ę¬ēŗęć«ććć°ćäøčØē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćÆ
ēØ®ć
ć®éåä½ć«åƾćåŖććēøęŗ¶ę§ćęććč©²éå
ä½ćØę··åććć¦å
å®å®åéåä½ēµęē©ćäøććć
ćććéåä½ćÆćććę
ćē±åÆå”ę§ęعčćē±ē”¬
åę§ęعčććć«ćÆå¼¾ę§ä½ć®ęŖē”¬åē©ļ¼ć“ć é
å
ē©ļ¼ć§ććććØćć§ććć
ē±åÆå”ę§ęعčćÆä¾ćć°ććŖćØć¹ćć«ćććŖć¢ć
ććććŖć«ć¼ććć¼ććććŖćŖć¬ćć¤ć³ćććŖćØ
ć¼ćć«åćÆććŖć¹ć«ćć³ć§ććććØćć§ććć
ē±ē”¬åę§ęعčćÆä¾ćć°ććØćć¼ć«ććć«ć ć¢ć«
ćććęعčćć”ć©ćć³ęعčćććŖć¦ć¬ćæć³ęعčć
å°æē“ ęعčććØććć·ęعčåćÆäø飽åććŖćØć¹ćć«
ęعčć§ććććØćć§ććć
ć¾ććå¼¾ę§ä½ć®ęŖē”¬åē©ćÆä¾ćć°å¤©ē¶ć“ć åćÆ
åęć“ć ć§ććććØćć§ććć
äøčØć®å¦ćéåä½ćÆććčŖä½å
¬ē„ć§ćććå½ę„
č
ć«ććē„ććć¦ććć
ććŖćØć¹ćć«ćØćć¦ćÆćä¾ćć°ćć¬ććæć«é
øć
ć¤ć½ććæć«é
øććććæć¬ć³ćøć«ć«ćć³é
øēćäø»ć
ćé
øęåćØćććØćć¬ć³ć°ćŖć³ć¼ć«ćććć©ć”ć
ć¬ć³ć°ćŖć³ć¼ć«ēćäø»ććć°ćŖć³ć¼ć«ęåćØćć
č³é¦ęććŖćØć¹ćć«ä¾ćć°ććŖćØćć¬ć³ćć¬ććæ
ć¬ć¼ććććŖććć©ć”ćć¬ć³ćć¬ććæć¬ć¼ććć
ćŖćØćć¬ć³ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćććæć¬ć¼ćēćä¾ē¤ŗć§ć
ćć
ć¾ććä¾ćć°äøčØćØåććøć«ć«ćć³é
øćäø»ćć
é
øęåćØćććć¤ććććć³ćć¬ć¾ć«ć·ć³ćļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼āļ½āććććć·ććØćć«ćććć³ēćäø»ćć
ć°ćŖć³ć¼ć«ęåćØććåæ
č¦ć«ććę“ć«ļ½āććć
ćć·å®ęÆé¦é
øćē¬¬äøęåćØćć¦ęćå
Øč³é¦ęććŖ
ćØć¹ćć«ä¾ćć°ć¤ć½ććæć«é
øļ¼ćć¤ććććć³ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āļ½āććććć·ććØćć«ćććć³ć®å
±é
åä½ććć¬ććæć«é
øļ¼ć¤ć½ććæć«é
øļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āļ½
āććććć·ććØćć«ćććć³ć³ć®å
±éåä½ćć¤
ć½ććæć«é
øļ¼ćć¤ććććć³ļ¼ļ½āććććć·å®
ęÆé¦é
øć®å
±éåä½ćććććÆä¾ćć°ćć¬ććæć«é
ø
ćäø»ććé
øęåćØćććØćć¬ć³ć°ćŖć³ć¼ć«ććć
ć©ć”ćć¬ć³ć°ćŖć³ć¼ć«ēćä½ååéć°ćŖć³ć¼ć«ę
åćØćććć«ććŖļ¼ćŖćć·ććć©ć”ćć¬ć³ļ¼ć°ćŖ
ć³ć¼ć«ļ¼å„½ć¾ćććÆå¹³åååé500ć5000ććć
儽ć¾ćććÆ600ć4000ļ¼ćé«ååéć°ćŖć³ć¼ć«ę
åćØćć¦ęććććŖćØć¹ćć«ćØć©ć¹ććć¼ēćć
åę§ć«ćä¾ē¤ŗć§ććć
ćććććŖćØć¹ćć«ćÆå®č³Ŗēć«ē·ē¶ć§ćć¤ć¦ć
ćć¤ć«ć åćÆē¹ē¶å½¢ęč½ćęććēÆå²å
ļ¼éåøøē“
0.5ć¢ć«ä»„äøć®å²åļ¼ć§ćļ¼å®č½ä»„äøć®ååē©ć
å
±éåćć¦ćć¦ćććć
åčØććŖć«ć¼ććć¼ććØćć¦ćÆćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć¹
ļ¼ļ¼āććććć·ććØćć«ļ¼ćććć³ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ā
ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āććććć·ććØćć«ļ¼ć·ćÆććććµć³
ēć®å¦ććć¹ććØćć¼ć«é”ć«ä»£č”Øćććč³é¦ęćø
ććććć·ååē©ćØć«ć¼ććć¼ćåé§ä½ļ¼ä¾ćć°
ćć¹ć²ć³ććøććØćć«ć«ć¼ććć¼ćēļ¼ćØć®ååæ
ć«ćć¤ć¦č£½é ćććč³é¦ęććŖć«ć¼ććć¼ćć儽
ć¾ććć
åčØććŖć¢ćććØćć¦ćÆćć¢ććć«ć«ćć³é
øć¾
ććÆēøå½ććć©ćÆćæć ććå°ććććć¢ććŖć¢ć
ćä¾ćć°ćć¤ćć³āļ¼ļ¼ćć¤ćć³āļ¼ļ¼ćć¤ćć³
ā12ēļ¼ččŖęćøć«ć«ćć³é
øćØččŖęćøć¢ćć³ć
ćå°ććććć¢ććŖć¢ććä¾ćć°ćć¤ćć³āļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼ćć¤ćć³ļ¼ļ¼12ēļ¼č³é¦ęćøć«ć«ćć³é
øļ¼ä¾
ćć°ćć¬ććæć«é
øćć¤ć½ććæć«é
øēļ¼ćØččŖęćø
ć¢ćć³ć¾ććÆč³é¦ęćøć¢ćć³ććå°ćććććŖć¢
ććļ¼ćć¹āļ½āć¢ććć·ćÆćććć·ć«ć”ćæć³ć®
å¦ćčē°ęć¢ćć³ććå°ćććčē°ęććŖć¢ćć
ēćęććććØćć§ććć
ć¾ććććŖćŖć¬ćć¤ć³ćØćć¦ćÆćä¾ćć°ćØćć¬
ć³ććććć¬ć³ć唩åććć«ćć¹ćć¬ć³ćć”ćć«
ć”ćæć¢ćÆćŖć¬ć¼ćēćäø»ććę§ęęåćØććććŖ
ćć¼ä¾ćć°ććŖćØćć¬ć³ćććŖćććć¬ć³ćććŖ
唩åććć«ćććŖć¹ćć¬ć³ćććŖć”ćć«ć”ćæć¢ćÆ
ćŖć¬ć¼ćēć®ćć¢ććŖćć¼ććććÆć¢ćÆćŖććć
ćŖć«ļ¼ććæćøćØć³ļ¼ć¹ćć¬ć³å
±éåä½ļ¼ABSęع
čļ¼ćć”ćć«ć”ćæć¢ćÆćŖć¬ć¼ćļ¼ććæćøćØć³ļ¼ć¹
ćć¬ć³å
±éåä½ļ¼MBSęعčļ¼ćć¢ćÆćŖććććŖ
ć«ļ¼ć¹ćć¬ć³å
±éåä½ļ¼ASęعčļ¼ēć®å
±éåä½
ćęććććØćć§ććć
ććŖćØć¼ćć«ćØćć¦ćÆćä¾ćć°ćŖć«ććÆć¬ć¾ć¼
ć«ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćøć”ćć«ććØćć¼ć«ēć®ēø®åē©ć®å¦
ććäøč¬ć«äøčØå¼
ććć§ćZ1ļ¼Z2ććć³Z3ćÆåäøććććÆē°ćŖć
ę°“ē“ åååćÆēē“ ę°ļ¼ćļ¼ć®ć¢ć«ćć«åŗ儽ć¾ćć
ćÆć”ćć«åŗć§ćććä½ććZ2åćÆZ3ć®ććććļ¼
ć¤ćÆēē“ ę°ļ¼ćļ¼ć®ć¢ć«ćć«åŗć§ććć
ć§č”Øććććē¹°čæćåä½ćęććéåä½ć儽ć¾ć
ćēØććććć
ć¾ććććŖć¹ć«ćć³ćØćć¦ćÆč³é¦ęććŖć¹ć«ć
ć³ä¾ćć°
ććć§Z4ćÆę°“ē“ ćććć²ć³ćēē“ ę°ļ¼ćļ¼ć®ć¢
ć«ćć«åćÆēē“ ę°ļ¼ćļ¼ć®ć¢ć«ć³ćć·ć§ććć
R21ćÆēē“ ę°ļ¼ä»„äøć®ć¢ć«ćć¬ć³ć§ććć
ć§č”Øććććē¹°čæćåä½ćęććéåä½ć儽ć¾ć
ćēØććććć
ććØćć¼ć«ć»ćć«ć ć¢ć«ćććęعčćØćć¦ćÆć
ćØćć¼ć«ćäø»ććč³é¦ęććććć·ååē©ęåćØ
ććć«ć ć¢ć«ććććäø»ććć¢ć«ćććęåćØć
ć¦ęććäøč¬ć«ććć©ććÆęعčćØćć¦ē„ććć¦ć
ććć®ć儽ć¾ććēØććććć
ć”ć©ćć³ęعčććććÆå°æē“ ęعčćØćć¦ćÆćć”ć©
ćć³ćåćÆå°æē“ ćØćć«ć ć¢ć«ććććØćäøę§ćć
ććÆå¼±ć¢ć«ć«ćŖę§ć®ę”件äøć§å ē±ååæććć¦å¾ć
ćććć®ć儽ć¾ććēØććććć
ććŖć¦ć¬ćæć³ęعčćØćć¦ćÆćććæć³ćøćŖć¼ć«ć
ćøćØćć¬ć³ć°ćŖć³ć¼ć«ēć®ä½ååččŖęć°ćŖć³ć¼
ć«ćććŖćŖćć·ćØćć¬ć³ć°ćŖć³ć¼ć«ćććŖćŖćć·
ććć©ć”ćć¬ć³ć°ćŖć³ć¼ć«ēć®ććŖćØć¼ćć«ććŖ
ćŖć¼ć«ćććć³ččŖęććŖćØć¹ćć«ć°ćŖć³ć¼ć«ē
ć®é«ååć°ćŖć³ć¼ć«ććéøć°ććć°ćŖć³ć¼ć«ęå
ćØćććć©ć”ćć¬ć³ćøć¤ć½ć·ć¢ćć¼ćććććµć”
ćć¬ć³ćøć¤ć½ć·ć¢ćć¼ćēć®ččŖęćøć¤ć½ć·ć¢ć
ć¼ććććŖć¬ć³ćøć¤ć½ć·ć¢ćć¼ćććććæć¬ć³ćø
ć¤ć½ć·ć¢ćć¼ćēć®č³é¦ęćøć¤ć½ć·ć¢ćć¼ććć
ć³ć¤ć½ććć³ćøć¤ć½ć·ć¢ćć¼ćēć®čē°ęć¤ć½ć·
ć¢ćć¼ćććéøć°ćććøć¤ć½ć·ć¢ćć¼ćęåćØć
ååæććć¦å¾ćććććććććć¬ććŖćć¼ć儽
ć¾ććēØććććć
ćØććć·ęعčćØćć¦ćÆćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć¹ļ¼ļ½āć
ćććć·ććØćć«ļ¼ćććć³ēć®å¤ä¾”ććØćć¼ć«
é”ćØćØććÆćć«ćććŖć³ćØć®ēø®åē©ć儽ć¾ććēØ
ććććć
äø飽åććŖćØć¹ćć«ęعčćØćć¦ćÆćć¬ć¤ć³é
øć
ćć«é
øćē”ę°“ćć¬ć¤ć³é
øćć¤ćæć³ć³é
øēć®äø飽å
ćøć«ć«ćć³é
øćØććØćć¬ć³ć°ćŖć³ć¼ć«ććććć¬
ć³ć°ćŖć³ć¼ć«ćć°ćŖć»ćŖć³ēć®å¤ä¾”ć¢ć«ć³ć¼ć«ćØ
ćēø®åćććć¦å¾ćććććććććć¬ććŖćć¼
ć儽ć¾ććēØććććććććć®ćć¬ććŖćć¼ćÆ
éåøøć¹ćć¬ć³ćć”ćæćÆćŖć«é
øć”ćć«ććøć¢ćŖć«ć
ćæć¬ć¼ćēć®ććć«ć¢ććć¼ćØé
åćć¦ēØććć
ćć
å¼¾ę§ä½ć®ęŖē”¬åå¤ćØćć¦ćÆćä¾ćć°å¤©ē¶ć“ć ć
ćććÆććŖććæćøćØć³ćććŖć¤ć½ćć¬ć³ćć¹ćć¬
ć³āććæćøćØć³å
±éåē©ćććŖćÆćććć¬ć³ēć®
åęć“ć ć®ęŖå ē”«ē©ć儽ć¾ććēØććććć
ę¬ēŗęć®å
å®å®åéåä½ēµęē©ćÆćäøčØå¼
ļ¼ļ¼åćÆļ¼ļ¼ć®ē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ć®å°ćŖć
ćØćļ¼ēØ®ććęŖååæć®å½¢ę
ć§äøčØć®å¦ćéåä½ć
ććŖććÆć¹äøć«åę£å«ęćć¦ęćć
ę¬ēŗęć®å
å®å®åéåä½ēµęē©ćÆćäøčØå¼
ļ¼ļ¼åćÆļ¼ļ¼ć®ē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćć儽ć¾
ćććÆéåä½100éééØå½ćć0.05ćļ¼éééØē¹
ć«0.1ćļ¼éééØć§å«ęććććØćć§ććć
ę¬ēŗęć®ēµęē©ćÆćäøč¬ć«ćäøčØē°ē¶ć¤ćććØ
ć¹ćć«ć®ęå®éćØéåä½ććč©²éåä½ćē±åÆå”ę§
ęعčć®å “åć«ćÆč©²éåä½ć®ęŗ¶čęø©åŗ¦ä»„äøć®ęø©åŗ¦ć§
ä¾ćć°ęŗ¶čę¼åŗę··åę©ć«ćć¤ć¦ęŗ¶čę··åćććć
åćÆč©²éåä½ćē±ē”¬åę§ęعčć§ććå “åć«ćÆćåØ
å²ęø©åŗ¦ć§ę©ę¢°ēć«ę··åććććØć«ćć¤ć¦č£½é ćć
ććØćć§ććć
ę··åććć¦č£½é ćććę¬ēŗęć®ēµęē©ćÆćä¾ć
ć°äøå®å½¢ć®ę··åē©ćØćć¦ćå°ććŖē²ē¶ä½ļ¼ćć
ćļ¼ćØćć¦ććććÆęå½¢ęꮵćéććć®ć¾ć¾ęå½¢
åćØćć¦åå¾ććććØćć§ćććäøå®å½¢ć®ę··åē©
ććććÆććććØćć¦åå¾ćććę¬ēŗęć®ēµęē©
ćÆćęŗ¶čęå½¢ę³ććććÆéåćēØććęå½¢ę³ć«å¾
ć¤ć¦ęå½¢åć«å¤ęć§ććć
ę¬ēŗęć®ēµęē©ććęå½¢åćč£½é ććć«ćÆćä½æ
ēØććéåä½ć®ē±ēę§č³Ŗćčę
®ććå
¬ē„ć®ę¹ę³ä¾
ćć°ę¼åŗęå½¢ćå°åŗęå½¢ćå§ēø®ęå½¢ćēē©ŗå å§ę
å½¢ć®å¦ćęå½¢ę³ć®ćććććé©å®ēØććććØćć§
ććć
ę¬ēŗęć§ēØćććē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćÆćåčØ
ē±³å½ē¹čرē¬¬4291152å·ć®ęē“°ęøć«čØč¼ććć¦ćć
ćØćććććŖćØć¹ćć«ć®ę«ē«Æę°“é
øåŗćØååæććč½
åćęćć¦ćććč©²ē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćÆćć®ć
ćć«ččŖęę°“é
øåŗćØååæććč½åćęćć¦ććć®
ćæćŖćććććć«ć¢ććåŗćØååæććč½åććę
ćć¦ććć
ććę
ćę¬ēŗęć®ēµęē©ćéåä½ćØćć¦ččŖę
ę°“é
øåŗåćÆć¢ććåŗćęććéåä½ä¾ćć°ę«ē«Æę°“
é
øåŗćęććććŖćØć¹ćć«ćę«ē«Æć¢ććåŗćęć
ćććŖć¢ććēćēØćć¦č£½é ććå “åć«ćÆćē°ē¶
ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćå®č³Ŗēć«ęŖååæć®å½¢ę
ć§å«ęć
ććććć«ćč©²éåä½ćØē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćØć
ę³Øęę·±ćę··åććććććØćč¦ę±ććććę¬ēŗę
č
ć®ē ē©¶ć«ććć°ćä½æēØććē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«
ć®å®č³ŖēćŖéćååæćć¦ćć¾ć¤ć¦ććéåä½ć§
ćÆćåćē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćå®č³Ŗēć«ęŖååæć®
å½¢ę
ć§å«ęććć¦ććę¬ēŗęć®ēµęē©ććććäø
č¬ć«åøåććē“«å¤ē·ć®ę³¢é·é åćä½ę³¢é·å“ć«ćć
ćå¾åćē¤ŗććććę
é«ę³¢é·å“ć®ē“«å¤ē·ćééć
ćå¾åćęć¤ććØććÆććć¦ęććć«ćććć
ååæććē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ććęŖååæć®ē°ē¶
ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćØćÆē°ćŖćē“«å¤ē·åøåē¹ę§ćē¤ŗć
ć®ćÆćååæć«ćć¤ć¦éē°ććććØć«ćććć®ćØč
ććććć
ććŖćØć¹ćć«åćÆććŖć¢ćććēØćć¦ę¬ēŗęć®
ēµęē©ćč£½é ććå “åć§ććę«ē«Æåŗć®äø»ććå²å
ćć«ć«ććć·ć«åŗć§ććććŖćØć¹ćć«åćÆććŖć¢
ćććććććÆę«ē«Æę°“é
øåŗåćÆć¢ććåŗćč©²ē°ē¶
ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćØååæę§ć®ē”ćę«ē«Æå°éåŗć§å°é
ćććććŖćØć¹ćć«åćÆććŖć¢ćććēØććå “å
ć«ćÆćē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćęŖååæć®ē¶ę
ć§å«ę
ććēµęē©ćč£½é ććć®ć«ē¹å„ć®ę³Øęćęćåæ
č¦
ć®ćŖćććØćÆēč§£ććććć
ę«ē«Æę°“é
øåŗćęććććŖćØć¹ćć«åćÆę«ē«Æć¢ć
ćåŗćęććććŖć¢ćććēØćć¦ę¬ēŗęć®ēµęē©
ćč£½é ććę¹ę³ćØćć¦ćÆććććć®éåä½ć®ē²ē¶
ćŖććē²ę«ē¶ē²åćē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ć®å¾®ē²ę«
ćØä¹¾å¼ę··åććę¹ę³ćęØå„Øćććäøć¤ć®ę¹ę³ć§ć
ććć¾ććęŗ¶čę··åć«ććč£½é ććå “åć«ćÆćć§
ććć ćēęéć§ę··åćēµäŗćéćć«å·å“ććć®
ćęć¾ććć
ä¾ćć°ćååæę§ę«ē«Æę°“é
øåŗćęććććŖćØć¹ć
ć«ćēØććå “åć®ęŗ¶čę··åćÆćäøčØå¼
log ļ½ā¦ā0.008Tļ¼4.8
ććć³
Tmļ¼ļ¼“ļ¼320
ććć§ćļ½ćÆęŗ¶čę··åęéļ¼ē§ļ¼ćļ¼“ćÆęŗ¶čę··
åęø©åŗ¦ļ¼āļ¼ććć³TmćÆććŖćØć¹ćć«ć®ęŗ¶čęø©
åŗ¦ļ¼āļ¼ć§ććć
ćęŗč¶³ććććć«ćēęéć§å®äŗććććć«ćć
ć®ćęć¾ććć
ę¬ēŗęć®ēµęē©ćÆćäøčØć®å¦ćååæę§ę«ē«Æćę
ććéåä½ćēØććŖćå “åć«ćÆćäøčØććå¦ćć
éåä½ćØē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćØćē¹å„ć®ę³Øęćę
ćććØćŖćåć«ęŗ¶čę··åćććććåćÆåØå²ęø©åŗ¦
ć§ę©ę¢°ēć«ę··åććććććØć«ćć¤ć¦å®¹ęć«č£½é
ććććØćć§ćććéåä½äøć«å«ć¾ććę°“ćÆę··å
ęć«ē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćØååæćå¾ćć®ć§ćä½æēØ
ććéåä½ćÆć§ććć ćę°“åå«éć®å°ćŖćē¶ę
ć§
ēØććććØćęć¾ććć
ę¬ēŗęć®ēµęē©ććč£½é ćććęå½¢åćÆćä¾ć
ć°ē¹ē¶ććć¤ć«ć ćć·ć¼ćććć¬ć¼ćććć¤ćć
ćć¦ć¼ććåēخ容åØććć®ä»ć®åēØ®ęå½¢åćå
å«
ććć
ćććęعčęå½¢åć®äøćéę¶ę§ęعčćēØććé
ęćŖććåéęē¹ć«éęćŖęå½¢åććććÆēµę¶ę§
ęعčćēØććččć®éęćŖććåéęćē¹ć«éę
ćŖęå½¢åćä¾ćć°ććŖć«ć¼ććć¼ćč£½ć®ćć¤ć«
ć ćć·ć¼ćććć¬ć¼ćććć¦ć¼ćć¾ććÆćć¤ćļ¼
ććŖćØćć¬ć³ćć¬ććæć¬ć¼ćććććÆå
Øč³é¦ęć
ćŖćØć¹ćć«č£½ć®ć·ć¼ćć¾ććÆćć¤ć«ć ļ¼ććŖ唩å
ććć¼ć«č£½ć®ć·ć¼ćć¾ććÆćć¤ć«ć ļ¼ććŖććć
ć¬ć³č£½ć®ćć¤ć«ć ļ¼ććŖćØćć¬ć³č£½ć®ć·ć¼ćć¾ć
ćÆćć¤ć«ć ļ¼ć”ćæćÆćŖć«ęعčč£½ćć¬ć¼ćēćÆćå¾
čæ°ććććć«ēØ®ć
ć®ēØéć«ēØććććć
ę¬ēŗęć«ććć°ćććć«ćäøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼åćÆäø
čØå¼ļ¼ļ¼ć§č”Øććććē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćć
éøć°ććå°ćŖććØćļ¼ēØ®ć®ååē©ććē“«å¤ē·ć«ć
ćå£åćé
延ććććÆé²ę¢ććåæ
č¦ć®ććéåä½
ęå½¢åć®äøć«åćÆćć®č”Øé¢ć«ćęŖååæć®å½¢ę
ć§ć
č©²å£åćé
延ććććÆé²ę¢ććć«ęå¹ćŖéć§ę½ēØ
ććććØćē¹å¾“ćØćććč©²éåä½ęå½¢åćē“«å¤ē·
ććäæč·ććę¹ę³ćęä¾ćććć
ē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ć®éåä½ęå½¢åć«åƾććę½
ēØćÆćäøčØę¬ēŗęć®ēµęē©ććå¾ćććäøčØęå½¢
åć®å¦ććč©²éåä½ęå½¢åć®éåä½äøć«äŗćč©²ē°
ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćęŖååæć®å½¢ę
ć§é
åćććć¦
ććććØć«ćć¤ć¦č”ćććØćć§ććć¾ćē°ē¶ć¤ć
ććØć¹ćć«ćå«ęććŖćéåä½ęå½¢åćęŗåćć
ćć®č”Øé¢ć«ē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćå«ćč¢«čćå½¢ę
ćććććććććÆęå½¢åäøć«ē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ć
ć«ćå¾ććå«ęµøćććććØć«ćć¤ć¦č”ćććØćć§
ććć
ę¢ć«åčæ°ććå¦ćå¾ę„å
¬ē„ć®éåä½ć«ćÆććčŖ
ä½ć§ē“«å¤ē·ć«åƾćć¦ććŖćć®ęµęę§ćęćć¦ćć
ćć®ććććććććŖććē“«å¤ē·ć«é·ęéē
§å°ć
ćć¦ćŖćęč³Ŗć®å£åćč¦ććŖććć®ćÆę®ć©ćŖććØ
čØć¤ć¦ćéčØć§ćÆćŖććē“«å¤ē·ć«åƾććęµęę§ćÆ
ēØåŗ¦ć®å·®ć§ćć¤ć¦ē“«å¤ē·ć«ćć¤ć¦å£åćåććŖć
ē“ ęćÆēē”ćØććčØćććę¬ēŗęć®ę¹ę³ćÆććć
ę
ćåčæ°ććå¦ćå
Øć¦ć®å¾ę„å
¬ē„ć®éåä½ć®ęå½¢
åććē“«å¤ē·ć®å£åććäæč·ććåÆ¾č±”ćØćć¦å
å«
ćććę¬ēŗęę¹ę³ć«ććć¦ćē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«
ćÆč©²å£åćé
延åćÆé²ę¢ććć®ć«ęå¹ć«ä½ēØć
ćććć®éćÆćä½æēØē®ēćä½æēØē°å¢ēęčØććć°
ē“«å¤ē·ć®ē
§å°éć«ä¾åćć¦å¤åććććććØćć§
ććććéåøøęå½¢åć®éåä½100éééØć«åƾć
0.05ćļ¼éééØćØććććØćć§ććć
éåä½ęå½¢åć®č”Øé¢ć«ē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćå«
ćč¢«čćå½¢ęććććå “åć«ćÆćéåøøē°ē¶ć¤ćć
ćØć¹ćć«ććć³é©å½ćŖéåä½ćå«ćęŗ¶ę¶²ćčŖæč£½
ćććć®ęŗ¶ę¶²ćéåä½ććŖćØć¹ćć«ć®č”Øé¢ć«å”åø
ććććÆęµå»¶ććććØć儽ć¾ćććęŗ¶ę¶²ćčŖæč£½ć
ćéć«ēØććććéåä½ćØćć¦ćÆćć”ćæćÆćŖć«é
ø
ćØć¹ćć«ē³»éåä½ć儽ć¾ććēØćććććć”ćæćÆ
ćŖć«é
øćØć¹ćć«ē³»éåä½ćØćć¦ćÆć”ćæćÆćŖć«é
øćØ
ēē“ ę°ļ¼ćļ¼ć®ččŖęć¢ć«ć³ć¼ć«ćØć®ćØć¹ćć«ä¾
ćć°ć”ćæćÆćŖć«é
øć”ćć«ćć”ćÆćæćŖć«é
øćØćć«ć
ć”ćÆćæćŖć«é
øććć«ćć”ćÆćæćŖć«é
øļ¼āćØćć«ć
ćć·ć«ć®ćć¢ććŖćć¼ļ¼ććććÆćććć®ć”ćÆćæ
ćŖć«é
øćØć¹ćć«ćØä¾ćć°ć¢ćÆćŖć«é
øćć¢ćÆćŖć«é
ø
ćØēē“ ę°ļ¼ćļ¼ć®ččŖęć¢ć«ć³ć¼ć«ćØć®ćØć¹ć
ć«ćć”ćÆćæćŖć«é
øć唩åććć«ćć¢ćÆćŖććććŖ
ć«ć®å¦ććć”ćÆćæćŖć«é
øćØć¹ćć«ä»„å¤ć®å
±éååÆ
č½ćŖććć«åéä½ćØć®ć³ććŖćć¼ć儽ć¾ććēØć
ćććć
ęŗ¶ę¶²ćčŖæč£½ććéć«ēØććććęŗ¶å¤ćØćć¦ćÆć
ē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ććć³ć”ćÆćæćŖć«é
øćØć¹ćć«
ē³»éåä½ćęŗ¶č§£ćå¾ćęę©ęŗ¶åŖć儽ć¾ććēØćć
ććććććęŗ¶åŖćØćć¦ćÆćä¾ćć°ć¢ć»ćć³ćć”
ćć«ćØćć«ć±ćć³ć®å¦ćć±ćć³ļ¼é
¢é
øćØćć«ć®å¦
ććØć¹ćć«ļ¼ććć©ćÆćććØćæć³ććøćÆćććć³
ć¼ć³ć®å¦ć唩ē“ åēåę°“ē“ ļ¼ćøć”ćć«ćć«ć ć¢ć
ćććøć”ćć«ć¢ć»ćæććć®å¦ćć¢ćććēØććć
ććęŗ¶ę¶²ć®čŖæč£½ćÆćē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ć®ęŗ¶ę¶²ćØ
ć”ćÆćæćŖć«é
øē³»éåä½ć®ęŗ¶ę¶²ćØććåäøććććÆ
ē°ćŖćęę©ęŗ¶åŖćēØćć¦å„åć«čŖæč£½ćꬔćć§äø”č
ćę··åććććØć«ćć¤ć¦č”ćććØćć§ććć
ęŗ¶ę¶²ćÆćć”ćÆćæćŖć«é
øćØć¹ćć«ē³»éåä½ćē“10
ć30ééļ¼
ć§å«ęććććØćć§ććć¾ćē°ē¶ć¤ć
ććØć¹ćć«ćč©²ć”ćÆćæćŖć«é
øćØć¹ćć«ē³»éåä½ć«
åƾćē“ļ¼ć10ééļ¼
ć§å«ęććććØćć§ććć
ćććęŗ¶ę¶²ć®å”åøåćÆęµå»¶ć«ćć¤ć¦éåä½ęå½¢
åć®č”Øé¢ć«ē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćå«ćč¢«čćå½¢ę
ćććććØćć«ćÆćē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćč©²ęå½¢
åć®éåä½100éééØć«åƾć0.05ćļ¼éééØćØć
ćć®ć儽ć¾ććć
ęŗ¶ę¶²ć®å”åøćÆćå
¬ē„ć®ę¹ę³ć«å¾ć¤ć¦ä¾ćć°ć°ć©
ćć¢ć³ć¼ćć¤ć³ć°ććŖćć¼ć¹ć³ć¼ćć¤ć³ć°ććć
ćÆć¹ćć¬ć¼ć³ć¼ćć¤ć³ć°ēć«ćć¤ć¦č”ćććØćć§
ćććęŗ¶ę¶²ć®ęµå»¶ć«ćć¤ć¦č£½é ćććć¤ć«ć ćÆé
åä½ęå½¢åć«ć©ććć¼ććććć
éåä½ęå½¢åäøć«ē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćå¾ćć
å«ęµøććććå “åć«ćÆćē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ć®äø
čØć®å¦ćęę©ęŗ¶åŖäøć®ęŗ¶ę¶²ćčŖæč£½ććč©²ęŗ¶ę¶²äø
ć«ćå “åć«ćć¤ć¦ćÆé©å®å ęø©äøć«ćéåä½ęå½¢å
ćęµøę¼¬ććććććØćč”ćććć
ćć®å “åćč©²ęŗ¶ę¶²ćÆē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćē“
0.1ćļ¼ééļ¼
ć§å«ęććććØćć§ććććć®å«
ęµøę³ć«ććå “åć«ćÆćē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćč©²ę
å½¢åć®éåä½100éééØć«åƾć0.05ćļ¼éééØćØ
ććć®ć儽ć¾ććć
ē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćęŖååæć®å½¢ę
ć§ę½ēØćć
ćéåä½ęå½¢åćÆćē“«å¤ē·ćé®ęććä½ēØćęć
ćć
ę¬ēŗęć«ććć°ćććę
ćććć«ćäøčØå¼
ļ¼ļ¼åćÆäøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼ć§č”Øćććē°ē¶ć¤ćććØ
ć¹ćć«ććéøć°ććå°ćŖććØćļ¼ēØ®ć®ååē©ćęŖ
ååæć®å½¢ę
ć§ę½ēØćććéåä½ęå½¢åć§ćē“«å¤ē·
ć«ććęć¾ćććŖćå½±éæćåććåÆ¾č±”ē©ćē“«å¤ē·
ććå®č³Ŗēć«é®ęććććØćē¹å¾“ćØćććč©²åÆ¾č±”
ē©ćē“«å¤ē·ććäæč·ććę¹ę³ćęä¾ćććć
č©²éåä½ęå½¢åćÆćē“«å¤ē·ććäæč·ćć¹ćåÆ¾č±”
ē©ćē“«å¤ē·ććäæč·ććć®ć«é©ććå½¢ę
ćęćć¦
ććć¹ćć§ćććä¾ćć°é¢ē¶ä½ä¾ćć°ćć¤ć«ć ć
ć·ć¼ćććć¬ć¼ććåćÆäøē©ŗä½ä¾ćć°ćć¦ć¼ćć
ćć¤ćć容åØēć§ććć
ć¾ććč©²éåä½ęå½¢åćÆćåÆč¦å
ć«åƾćå®č³Ŗē
ć«éęćŖććåéęć§ććććØć儽ć¾ćććå
„å°
å
éć®ē“75ļ¼
仄äøćééćććć®ćÆåÆč¦å
ć«åƾć
å®č³Ŗēć«éęć§ćććØč¦åććć¾ćå
„å°å
éć®ē“
40ļ¼
仄äøć§ē“75ļ¼
ćććå°ćŖćéć®ééćććć
ć®ćÆåÆč¦å
ć«åƾćå®č³Ŗēć«åéęć§ćććØćæćŖć
ććć
ä¾ćć°ćéęćŖććåéę儽ć¾ćććÆéęćŖć
ć¤ć«ć åćÆć·ć¼ććä¾ćć°ććŖćØć¹ćć«ćććŖ唩
åććć«ēć®ćć¤ć«ć åćÆć·ć¼ććÆćć°ćŖć¼ć³ć
ć¦ć¹ććććÆćć¤ććć¦ć¹ēØćØćć¦å„½é©ć«ēØćć
ććéčćåčøēØę¤ē©ēćē“«å¤ē·ććäæč·ććć
ć¾ććć®ä»é¤éēØćć¦ć¹ććć¼ć«ēØćć¦ć¹ć®ćć
ć®å±å¤å±å¼µęęćę„é¤ćććć¼ććć©ć½ć«ēØåøå
ćÆåø代ēØåēćØćć¦å„½é©ć«ēØććććć
ę¬ēŗęę¹ę³ć«ććć°ćä¾ćć°ćććććć¦ć¦
ćŖćć¹ć¤ć«ćć”ćć³ēć®ę¤ē©ćē“«å¤ē·ććäæč·ć
ćććØćć§ććå®ēćę©ććććēé·ćäæé²ćć
ćććććå¹ęćå¾ćććć
仄äøćå®ę½ä¾ć«ććę¬ēŗęćććć«č©³čæ°ććć
å®ę½ä¾äøć®ćéØććÆē¹ć«ććØćććŖććććć
ćéééØććęå³ććć
ć¾ććååē©ć®ē“«å¤ē·åøåč½ć®ęø¬å®ćÆęŗ¶åŖćØć
ć¦ććć©ćÆćć«ćØćæć³ćēØććęæåŗ¦ļ¼Ć10-4ļ½ļ¼
100mlćå
č·Æé·ļ¼cmćØććę„ē«330å½¢čŖå·±åå
å
åŗ¦
čØćēØćć¦č”ćŖć¤ćć
ę“ć«ćęعčęå½¢åć®ćµć³ć·ć¤ć¤ć³ć¦ćØć¶ć¼ć”ć¼
ćæć¼å£å試éØćÆꬔć®ę§ć«ćć¦å®ę½ććć
ćµć³ć·ć¤ć¤ć³ć¦ćØć¶ć¼ć”ć¼ćæć¼ļ¼ć¹ć¬č©¦éØę©č£½
ć®ć¹ćæć³ćć¼ććµć³ć·ć¤ć¤ć³ć¦ćØć¶ć¼ć”ć¼ćæć¼
WEāSunāDCåļ¼ćēØćć試ęćå
ęŗļ¼ććć
ćµć³ć·ć¤ć¤ć³ć«ć¼ćć³ćä½æēØļ¼ć®åØå²ć«ļ¼åéļ¼
åč»¢ćććŖćć試ęć«å
ē
§å°ćč”ć¤ććęå®ć®ę
éęÆć«ćµć³ćć«ćååŗćććć®ē “ęä¼øåŗ¦åć³ćć¤
ć«ć ćć¼ćŗćęø¬å®ććć
ē “ęä¼øåŗ¦å£ååÆæå½ćÆē “ęä¼øåŗ¦ļ¼ēµ¶åƾå¤ļ¼ćļ¼ļ¼
ć«ćŖćęéćå¤ęæćć¦ę±ććć
ććć§ććć¤ć«ć ćć¼ćŗć®ęø¬å®ćÆJISāK6714
ć«ęŗćē©åēå¼BTRć”ć¼ćæć¼ć«ććę±ććć
å®ę½ä¾ ļ¼ć17
éęµå·å“åØćę¹ęęē½®ćåćć300mlćć©ć¹ć³
ć«ē”ę°“ć¤ćµćé
ø16.3ļ½ćØććŖćøć³150mlćå
„ćć
ē“50āć«å ē±ę¹ęćć¦ē”ę°“ć¤ćµćé
øćććŖćøć³ć«
ęŗ¶č§£ćććꬔć«ļ½āććć唩åćć³ć¾ć¤ć«18.6ļ½
ćē“10åéććć¦ę»“äøćć껓äøēµäŗå¾ļ¼ęéå ē±
éęµććććååæę··åē©ćļ¼āć«å·å“ććęåŗć
ćēµę¶ćå„ćććć®ēµę¶ćę°“ć§ććę“ęµćć
å¾ćē±é¢Øä¹¾ęę©ćēØćć¦120āć§ļ¼ęéä¹¾ē„ć
ććå¾ćććēµę¶ććć«ćØć³ććåēµę¶ćć¦ļ¼ā
ļ½āćććććØćć«āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³
āļ¼āćŖć³21ļ½ćå¾ćć
äøčØćØåę§ć«ćć¦ļ¼āć”ćć«āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾
ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼āććØćć«āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ā
ćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼āļ½āćććć
ćØćć«āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼
ļ¼āļ½āć”ććć·ććØćć«āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖć
ćµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼āļ½āć”ććć·ććØćć«ā
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼āļ½ā
ćć³ć¾ć¤ć«ććØćć«āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³
āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼āĪ±āćććć«āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾
ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼āĪ²āćććć«āļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼āļ½āććæ
ć«ć¤ććććØćć«āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³ā
ļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼Examples include a group represented by the formula (wherein the definition of R is the same as in formula (a)). The above-mentioned tetravalent aromatic residue may be substituted with the same substituent as exemplified as the substituent for the monovalent aromatic residue representing R 1 in the explanation of the above formula (). Specific examples of the cyclic iminoesters represented by the above formulas () and () used in the present invention include the following compounds. Compound of the above formula () Compound 2-methyl-3,1-benzoxazine-4 when n=1
-one, 2-butyl-3,1-benzoxazine-4
-one, 2-phenyl-3,2-benzoxazine-
4-one, 2-(1- or 2-naphthyl)-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one, 2-(4-biphenyl)-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one, 2-p-nitrophenyl -3,1-benzoxazin-4-one, 2-m-nitrophenyl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one, 2-p-benzoylphenyl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one, 2- p-methoxyphenyl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one, 2-o-methoxyphenyl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one, 2-cyclohexyl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one , 2-p-(or m-)phthalimidophenyl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one, N-phenyl-4-(3,1-benzoxazin-4-one-2-yl)phthalimide, N -benzoyl-4-(3,1-benzoxazin-4-one-2-yl)aniline, N-benzoyl-N-methyl-4-(3,1
-Benzoxazin-4-one-2-yl)
Aniline, 2-[p-(N-phenyl, N-methylcarbonyl)phenyl]-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one Compound 2,2'-bis(3,1-benzoxazine) when n=2 ā
4-one), 2,2'-ethylenebis(3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 2,2'-tetramethylenebis(3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 2,2' -decamethylenebis(3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 2,2'-p-phenylenebis(3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 2,2'-m-phenylenebis(3,1 -benzoxazin-4-one), 2,2'-(4,4'-diphenylene)bis(3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 2,2'-(2,6 or 1,5- naphthalene)
Bis(3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 2,2'-(2-methyl-p-phenylene)bis(3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 2,2'-(2- Nitro-p-phenylene)bis(3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 2,2'-(2-chloro-p-phenylene)bis(3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 2, 2'-(1,4-cyclohexylene)bis(3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), N-p-(3,1-benzoxazin-4-
on-2-yl)phenyl, 4-(3,1-
Benzoxazine-4-one-2-yl)phthalimide, N-p-(3,1-benzoxazine-4-
on-2-yl)benzoyl,4-(3,1
-Benzoxazin-4-one-2-yl)
Compound 1,3,5-tri(3,1-benzoxazin-4-one-2-yl)benzene, 1,3,5-tri(3,1-benzoxazin-4-) when anilyl n=3 on-2-yl)naphthalene, 2,4,6-tri(3,1-benzoxazin-4-on-2-yl)naphthalene Compound of the above formula () 2,8-dimethyl-4H,6H-benzo [ 1,
2-d;5,4-d']bis-[1,3]-oxazine-4,6-dione, 2,7-dimethyl-4H,9H-benzo[1,
2-d;4,5-d']bis[1,3]-oxazine-4,9-dione, 2,8-diphenyl-4H,8H-benzo[1,2-d;5,4-d' ] Screw [1, 3]
-Oxazine-4,6-dione, 2,7-diphenyl-4H,9H-benzo[1,2-d;4,5-d']bis[1,3]
-Oxazine-4,6-dione, 6,6'-bis(2-methyl-4H,3,1-
benzoxazin-4-one), 6,6'-bis(2-ethyl-4H,3,1-
benzoxazin-4-one), 6,6ā²-bis(2-phenyl-4H,3,1
-benzoxazin-4-one), 6,6'-methylenebis(2-methyl-4H,
3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 6,6'-methylenebis(2-phenyl-
4H,3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 6,6'-ethylenebis(2-methyl-
4H,3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 6,6'-ethylenebis(2-phenyl-
4H,3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 6,6'-butylenebis(2-methyl-4H,
3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 6,6'-butylenebis(2-phenyl-
4H,3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 6,6'-oxybis(2-methyl-4H,
3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 6,6'-oxybis(2-phenyl-4H,
3,1-benzoxazin4-one), 6,6'-sulfonylbis(2-methyl-
4H,3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 6,6'-sulfonylbis(2-phenyl-
4H,3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 6,6'-carbonylbis(2-methyl-
4H,3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 6,6'-carbonylbis(2-phenyl-
4H,3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 7,7'-methylenebis(2-methyl-4H,
3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 7,7'-methylenebis(2-phenyl-
4H,3,1-benzoxazin-4-one, 7,7'-bis(2-methyl-4H,3,1-
benzoxazin-4-one), 7,7ā²-ethylenebis(2-methyl-4H,
3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 7,7'-oxybis(2-methyl-4H,
3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 7,7'-sulfonylbis(2-methyl-
4H,3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 7,7'-carbonylbis(2-methyl-
4H,3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 6,7'-bis(2-methyl-4H,3,1-
benzoxazin-4-one), 6,7ā²-bis(2-phenyl-4H,3,1
-benzoxazin-4-one), 6,7ā²-methylenebis(2-methyl-4H,
3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 6,7ā²-methylenebis(2-phenyl-
4H,3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), among the above exemplary compounds, the compound of the above formula (), more preferably the above formula () when n=2
A compound of the following formula ()-1 is particularly preferable: Here, a compound represented by the following, in which R 11 is a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon residue, is advantageously used. Among the compounds of formula ()-1, 2,2ā²-
p-p-phenylenebis(3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 2,2'-(4,4'-diphenylene)bis(3,1-benzoxadis-4-one) and 2,2'-( 2,6-naphthalene)bis(3,1-benzoxazin-4-one) is preferred. The above formulas () and () used in the present invention
It has never been known that the cyclic iminoester represented by the formula can be used as an ultraviolet absorber, especially as an ultraviolet absorber having excellent heat resistance and oxidation resistance. According to the present invention, the cyclic iminoester has excellent compatibility with various polymers and is mixed with the polymers to provide a light-stabilized polymer composition. Such polymers can therefore be thermoplastic resins, thermosetting resins or even uncured elastomers (rubber compounds). The thermoplastic resin can be, for example, a polyester, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyolefin, polyether or polysulfone. Examples of thermosetting resins include phenol, formaldehyde resin, melamine resin, polyurethane resin,
It can be a urea resin, an epoxy resin or an unsaturated polyester resin. Further, the uncured elastic material can be, for example, natural rubber or synthetic rubber. Polymers such as those mentioned above are known per se and are well known to those skilled in the art. Examples of polyester include terephthalic acid,
Examples include aromatic polyesters containing isophthalic acid, naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, etc. as the main acid component and ethylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, etc. as the main glycol component, such as polyethylene terephthalate, polytetramethylene terephthalate, polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate, etc. In addition, for example, the same dicarboxylic acid as above is used as the main acid component, and hydroquinone, resorcinol, 2,
A wholly aromatic polyester containing 2-p-hydroxyphenylpropane as a main glycol component and optionally p-hydroxybenzoic acid as a third component, such as isophthalic acid/hydroquinone/
2,2-p-hydroxyphenylpropane copolymer, terephthalic acid/isophthalic acid/2,2-p
-Hydroxyphenylpropane copolymer, isophthalic acid/hydroquinone/p-hydroxybenzoic acid copolymer, or, for example, terephthalic acid as the main acid component and ethylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, etc. as the low molecular weight glycol component, and further It consists of poly(oxytetramethylene) glycol (preferably average molecular weight 500-5000, more preferably 600-4000) as a high molecular weight glycol component. polyester elastomer, etc.
Similarly, examples can be given. Such polyester is substantially linear and
Within the range that has film or fiber forming ability (usually approximately
A trifunctional or more functional compound may be copolymerized at a ratio of 0.5 mol or less). As the polycarbonate, 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane, 1,1-
Aromatic polycarbonates produced by the reaction of aromatic dihydroxy compounds represented by bisphenols such as bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexane and carbonate precursors (e.g., phosgene, diphenyl carbonate, etc.) are preferred. . Examples of the polyamide include homopolyamides derived from aminocarboxylic acids or corresponding lactams, such as nylon-6, nylon-7, and nylon-12; homopolyamides derived from aliphatic dicarboxylic acids and aliphatic diamines, such as nylon-6,
6, nylon 6,12, etc.; polyamide derived from aromatic dicarboxylic acid (e.g. terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, etc.) and aliphatic diamine or aromatic diamine; derived from alicyclic amine such as bis-p-aminocyclohexylmethane Examples include alicyclic polyamide. Polyolefins include, for example, polymers whose main constituents are ethylene, propylene, vinyl chloride, styrene, methyl methacrylate, etc., homopolymers such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, etc., or acrylonitrile/butadiene. /styrene copolymer (ABS resin), methyl methacrylate/butadiene/styrene copolymer (MBS resin), and acrylonitrile/styrene copolymer (AS resin). Polyethers generally include those of the following formula, such as condensates of orthocresol, 2,4-dimethylphenol, etc. Here, Z 1 , Z 2 and Z 3 are the same or different and are a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, preferably a methyl group. However, either 1 of Z 2 or Z 3
One is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. A polymer having a repeating unit represented by the following is preferably used. In addition, examples of polysulfone include aromatic polysulfone, such as Here, Z 4 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or alkoxy having 1 to 4 carbon atoms,
R 21 is alkylene having 8 or less carbon atoms. A polymer having a repeating unit represented by the following is preferably used. As the phenol-formaldehyde resin, those generally known as novolak resins, which are composed of phenol as the main aromatic hydroxy compound component and formaldehyde as the main aldehyde component, are preferably used. As the melamine resin or urea resin, those obtained by heating and reacting melamine or urea with formaldehyde under neutral or weakly alkaline conditions are preferably used. As polyurethane resins, butanediol,
A glycol component selected from low-molecular aliphatic glycols such as diethylene glycol, polyether polyols such as polyoxyethylene glycol and polyoxytetramethylene glycol, and high-molecular glycols such as aliphatic polyester glycol, and tetramethylene diisocyanate and hexamethylene diisocyanate. A so-called prepolymer obtained by reacting a diisocyanate component selected from aliphatic diisocyanates such as, aromatic diisocyanates such as tolylene diisocyanate and naphthalene diisocyanate, and alicyclic isocyanates such as isophorone diisocyanate is preferably used. As the epoxy resin, a condensate of polyhydric phenols such as 2,2-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)propane and epochlorohydrin is preferably used. The unsaturated polyester resin is a so-called prepolymer obtained by condensing an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid such as maleic acid fumaric acid, maleic anhydride, or itaconic acid with a polyhydric alcohol such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or glycerin. Preferably used. These prepolymers are usually used in combination with vinyl monomers such as styrene, methyl methacrylate, and diallyl phthalate. As the uncured agent for the elastic body, for example, unvulcanized natural rubber or synthetic rubber such as polybutadiene, polyisoprene, styrene-butadiene copolymer, polychloroprene, etc. is preferably used. The photostabilized polymer composition of the present invention comprises at least one cyclic iminoester of the above formula () or () dispersed in an unreacted form in the above polymer matrix. The light-stabilized polymer composition of the present invention preferably contains a cyclic iminoester of the above formula () or () in an amount of 0.05 to 5 parts by weight, particularly 0.1 to 3 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the polymer. can. The composition of the present invention is generally prepared by mixing a predetermined amount of the cyclic iminoester and a polymer at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting temperature of the polymer, for example, in a melt extrusion mixer when the polymer is a thermoplastic resin. Melt mix or
Or, if the polymer is a thermoset, it can be prepared by mechanical mixing at ambient temperature. The composition of the present invention produced by mixing can be obtained, for example, as an amorphous mixture, as small granules (chips), or as a molded article as it is through molding means. The composition of the invention obtained as an amorphous mixture or chip can be converted into a molded article according to a melt molding method or a molding method using a mold. In order to produce a molded article from the composition of the present invention, any known molding method such as extrusion molding, injection molding, compression molding, vacuum pressure molding, etc. can be used, taking into account the thermal properties of the polymer used. can be used as appropriate. The cyclic iminoester used in the present invention has the ability to react with the terminal hydroxyl group of polyester, as described in the specification of US Pat. No. 4,291,152. The cyclic imino ester not only has the ability to react with aliphatic hydroxyl groups as described above, but also has the ability to react with amino groups. Therefore, when the composition of the present invention is produced using a polymer having an aliphatic hydroxyl group or an amino group, such as a polyester having a terminal hydroxyl group, a polyamide having a terminal amino group, etc., the cyclic iminoester is substantially Careful mixing of the polymer and cyclic iminoester is required so that the polymer is contained in unreacted form. According to the research of the present inventor, in the case of a polymer in which a substantial amount of the cyclic imino ester used has been reacted, the polymer of the present invention containing the same cyclic imino ester in a substantially unreacted form is It was revealed for the first time that the wavelength range of ultraviolet rays that it absorbs generally tends to be shifted to the lower wavelength side than the composition, and therefore, it has a tendency to transmit ultraviolet rays at higher wavelengths. The reason why the reacted cyclic imino ester exhibits ultraviolet absorption characteristics different from that of the unreacted cyclic imino ester is thought to be due to the ring opening caused by the reaction. Even when producing the composition of the present invention using polyester or polyamide, polyester or polyamide whose terminal groups are mainly carboxyl groups, or end-capping groups whose terminal hydroxyl groups or amino groups are not reactive with the cyclic imino ester. It will be appreciated that when using a polyester or polyamide capped with , no special precautions need to be taken to prepare a composition containing the cyclic iminoester in an unreacted state. A method for producing the composition of the present invention using a polyester having a terminal hydroxyl group or a polyamide having a terminal amino group includes a method of dry mixing granular or powdery particles of these polymers with a fine powder of a cyclic iminoester. This is one recommended method. In addition, when manufacturing by melt mixing, it is desirable to complete the mixing in as short a time as possible and cool quickly. For example, when using a polyester having a reactive terminal hydroxyl group, melt mixing is performed using the following formula: log tā¦ā0.008T+4.8 and Tm<T<320, where t is the melt mixing time (seconds) and T is the melt mixing temperature. (Ā°C) and Tm is the melting temperature of the polyester (Ā°C). It is desirable to complete the process in a short time so as to satisfy the following. When the composition of the present invention does not use a polymer having a reactive end as described above, as described above,
They can be easily prepared by simply melt-mixing the polymer and cyclic iminoester without special precautions, or by mechanically mixing at ambient temperature. Since the water contained in the polymer can react with the cyclic imino ester during mixing, it is desirable to use the polymer in a state where the water content is as low as possible. Molded articles manufactured from the composition of the present invention include, for example, fibers, films, sheets, plates, pipes,
Includes tubes, various containers, and various other molded products. Among these resin molded products, transparent or translucent, especially transparent molded products made of amorphous resin, or thin transparent or translucent, especially transparent molded products made of crystalline resin, such as polycarbonate films and sheets. , plate, tube or pipe;
Sheets or films made of polyethylene terephthalate or wholly aromatic polyester; sheets or films made of polyvinyl chloride; films made of polypropylene; sheets or films made of polyethylene; plates made of methacrylic resin, etc. are used for various purposes as described below. It will be done. According to the present invention, at least one compound selected from the above formula () or a cyclic iminoester represented by the above formula () is added to a polymer molded article that needs to delay or prevent deterioration due to ultraviolet rays. or on the surface thereof, in unreacted form,
A method of protecting said polymeric articles from ultraviolet radiation is provided, characterized in that said polymer articles are applied in an amount effective to retard or prevent said deterioration. When applying a cyclic imino ester to a polymer molded article, as in the above molded article obtained from the composition of the present invention, the cyclic imino ester is previously blended into the polymer of the polymer molded article in an unreacted form. This can be done by keeping the polymer molded product free of cyclic imino esters,
This can also be carried out by forming a film containing the cyclic imino ester on the surface of the molded article, or by later impregnating the molded article with the cyclic imino ester. Some of the previously known polymers, such as those already mentioned above, have a considerable resistance to ultraviolet radiation by themselves. However, it is no exaggeration to say that there are almost no materials that do not show deterioration even after being exposed to ultraviolet light for a long time. There are varying degrees of resistance to ultraviolet rays, and it can be said that there are no materials that do not deteriorate due to ultraviolet rays. The method of the invention therefore includes all hitherto known polymeric moldings as mentioned above as objects to be protected from UV degradation. In the method of the present invention, the cyclic iminoester acts effectively to delay or prevent the deterioration. The amount can be varied depending on the purpose of use, usage environment, etc., in other words, the amount of ultraviolet rays irradiated, but usually per 100 parts by weight of the polymer in the molded product.
It can be 0.05 to 5 parts by weight. When forming a film containing a cyclic imino ester on the surface of a polymer molded article, a solution containing the cyclic imino ester and a suitable polymer is usually prepared, and this solution is applied or cast onto the surface of the polymer polyester. It is preferable. As the polymer used in preparing the solution, methacrylic acid ester polymers are preferably used. Examples of methacrylic acid ester polymers include esters of methacrylic acid and aliphatic alcohols having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, such as methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate,
Homopolymers of butyl metharylate, 2-ethylhexyl metharylate; or esters of these metharylates, such as acrylic acid, esters of acrylic acid and aliphatic alcohols having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, metharylic acid, vinyl chloride, acrylonitrile, etc. Copolymers with copolymerizable vinyl monomers other than metharylic acid esters are preferably used. Solvents used when preparing solutions include:
An organic solvent that can dissolve the cyclic imino ester and metharylic acid ester polymer is preferably used. Examples of such solvents include ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; esters such as ethyl acetate; chlorinated hydrocarbons such as tetrachloroethane and dichlorobenzene; and amides such as dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide. The solution can also be prepared by separately preparing a solution of the cyclic imide ester and a solution of the metharylic acid polymer using the same or different organic solvents, and then mixing the two. The solution contains approximately 10% of metharylic acid ester polymer.
The cyclic imino ester can be contained in an amount of about 1 to 10% by weight based on the metharylic acid ester polymer. When coating or casting such a solution to form a film containing a cyclic imino ester on the surface of a polymer molded article, the amount of the cyclic imino ester is 0.05 to 1 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer in the molded article. is preferable. Application of the solution can be carried out according to known methods, such as gravure coating, reverse coating, or spray coating. Films produced by solution casting are laminated to polymer moldings. When a cyclic imino ester is later impregnated into a polymer molded article, a solution of the cyclic imino ester in an organic solvent as described above is prepared, and into the solution, if necessary, with appropriate heating, Dipping the polymer molded article is carried out. In this case, the solution contains about cyclic imino ester.
It can be contained in an amount of 0.1 to 5% by weight. When this impregnation method is used, the amount of cyclic iminoester is preferably 0.05 to 1 part by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polymer of the molded article. A polymer molded article to which a cyclic iminoester is applied in an unreacted form has the effect of blocking ultraviolet rays. According to the present invention, the present invention further provides a polymer molded article to which at least one compound selected from the above formula () or the cyclic imino ester represented by the above formula () is applied in an unreacted form, A method of protecting an object from ultraviolet radiation is provided, the object being undesirably affected by ultraviolet radiation, characterized in that the object is substantially shielded from ultraviolet radiation. The polymer molded article should have a form suitable for protecting the object to be protected from ultraviolet rays, such as a planar body such as a film,
sheets, plates or hollow bodies such as tubes,
Pipes, containers, etc. Further, it is preferable that the polymer molded article is substantially transparent or semitransparent to visible light. A substance that transmits approximately 75% or more of the amount of incident light is considered to be substantially transparent to visible light;
A material transmitting 40% or more but less than about 75% is considered to be substantially translucent to visible light. For example, transparent or translucent, preferably transparent films or sheets, such as films or sheets of polyester, polyvinyl chloride, etc., are suitably used for greenhouses or pipe greenhouses, and protect vegetables, garden plants, etc. from ultraviolet rays.
In addition, it is suitably used as an outdoor spreading material for fish farming houses, pool houses, sunshades, beach umbrella cloth, cloth substitutes, etc. According to the method of the present invention, for example, plants such as tomatoes, cucumbers, watermelons, and melons can be protected from ultraviolet rays, and effects such as hastening ripening and promoting growth can be obtained. Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in further detail with reference to Examples.
Unless otherwise specified, "part" in the examples is
Means "parts by weight." In addition, the ultraviolet absorption ability of the compound was measured using tetrachloroethane as a solvent at a concentration of 5 Ć 10 -4 g/
The test was carried out using a Hitachi 330 self-spectrophotometer with a volume of 100 ml and an optical path length of 1 cm. Furthermore, a sunshine weather meter deterioration test of the resin molded product was conducted as follows. Sunshine Weather Meter (Standard Sunshine Weather Meter manufactured by Suga Test Instruments)
WE-Sun-DC type), place the sample around the light source (Mazda Sunshine Carbon) for 1 minute.
The sample was irradiated with light while rotating. Samples were taken out at predetermined intervals, and their elongation at break and film haze were measured. The elongation at break deterioration life is 0% at elongation at break (absolute value).
I extrapolated the time to Here, film haze is measured using JIS-K6714.
It was determined using an integrating sphere BTR meter according to . Examples 1 to 17 Put 16.3 g of isatoic anhydride and 150 ml of pyridine into a 300 ml flask equipped with a reflux condenser and a stirring device.
Dissolve isatoic anhydride in pyridine by heating and stirring to approximately 50Ā°C, then add 18.6 g of p-nitrobenzoyl chloride.
was added dropwise over about 10 minutes, and after the addition was completed, the mixture was heated under reflux for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to 0Ā°C, the precipitated crystals were separated, and the crystals were thoroughly washed with water and then dried at 120Ā°C for 4 hours using a hot air dryer. The obtained crystals were recrystallized from toluene to give 2-
21 g of p-nitrophenyl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one was obtained. 2-methyl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one, 2-phenyl-3,1-
Benzoxazin-4-one, 2-m-nitrophenyl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one,
2-o-methoxyphenyl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one, 2-p-methoxyphenyl-
3,1-benzoxazin-4-one,2-p-
Benzoylphenyl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one, 2-Ī±-naphthyl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one, 2-Ī²-naphthyl-3,
1-Benzoxazin-4-one, 2-p-phthalimidophenyl-3,1-benzoxazine-
4-on,
ćå¼ć
ćå¾ćć
ćććć®ååē©ć®ē“«å¤ē·åøåå¤ćØćć¦ć®ē¹ę§ć
č”Øļ¼ć«ć¾ćØćć¦ē¤ŗćć[Formula] was obtained. The properties of these compounds as ultraviolet absorbers are summarized in Table 1.
ćč”Øććtableć
ćč”Øććtableć
ćč”Øććtableć
ćč”Øć
č”Øļ¼ć«ććć¦Ī»ļ½ćÆåøåćéå§ććę³¢é·ćč”Øć
ćć
č”Øļ¼ć«ē¤ŗćå¦ćę¬ēŗęć®ē“«å¤ē·åøåå¤ćÆčæē“«å¤
é åććåøåćéå§ćć300ć400nmć®é åć«Ī»
maxćęććć
å®ę½ä¾ 19ć21
äøčØå®ę½ä¾13ć®ååē©ćå®ę½ä¾15ć®ååē©ćć
ć³å®ę½ä¾16ć®ååē©ćØåćååē©ććććććēŖ
ē“ ę°ęµäøćęęø©éåŗ¦ļ¼āļ¼minć§ćDTAāTGē±
åęć«ä»ććē±ęøééå§ęø©åŗ¦åć³čē¹ćę±ććć
ęø¬å®ēµęćē¬¬ļ¼č”Øć«ē¤ŗććć[Table] In Table 1, Ī»s represents the wavelength at which absorption begins. As shown in Table 1, the ultraviolet absorber of the present invention starts absorbing in the near ultraviolet region, and has a wavelength of Ī» in the 300 to 400 nm region.
has max. Examples 19-21 The same compounds as the compound of Example 13, the compound of Example 15, and the compound of Example 16 were each subjected to DTA-TG thermal analysis in a nitrogen stream at a heating rate of 8Ā°C/min. , the thermal loss onset temperature and melting point were determined. The measurement results are shown in Table 2.
ćč”Øććtableć
ćč”Øć
äøčØēµęćÆćę¬ēŗęć§ēØććććē°ē¶ć¤ćććØ
ć¹ćć«ćé«ćčē¹ćęćććć¤č©²čē¹ć®čæåć¾ć§
ééęøćčµ·ćććå®å®ć§ććććØćē¤ŗćć¦ććć
äøčØå®ę½ä¾19ć®ååē©ćÆꬔć®ććć«ćć¦č£½é ć
ćć
ć¢ć³ćć©ćć«é
ø14.0éØććć³ēé
øćććŖć¦ć
11.7éØćę°“250éØć«ęŗ¶č§£ććč©²ę°“ęŗ¶ę¶²ć«ćć¬ććæ
ć«é
øćøćÆććŖć10.1éØćć¢ć»ćć³60éØć«ęŗ¶č§£ćć
ęŗ¶ę¶²ć20ć30āć§ę¹ęäøć§ę»“äøććć껓äøå¾å®¤ęø©
ć§ļ¼ęéćę“ć«ć¢ć»ćć³éęµäøć§ļ¼ęéååæćć
ććꬔćć§ęæ唩é
øćå ćååæē³»ćé
øę§ć«ćć¦
éćä¹¾ē„ćć¦19.1éØć®ćć¬ććæćć¤ć«ćć¹ć¢ć³ć
ć©ćć«é
øćå¾ćć
ꬔć«č©²ååē©ć®å
Øéć«ē”ę°“é
¢é
ø100éØćå ćē”
ę°“é
¢é
øć®éęµäøć§ļ¼ęéååæććććååæē©ćå·
å“å¾ćéćä¹¾ē„ćć¦ļ¼ļ¼2ā²āļ½āććØćć¬ć³ć
ć¹ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼15.5
éØćå¾ćć
ć¾ććäøčØååæć«ććć¦ćć¬ććæć«é
øćøćÆććŖ
ćć®ä»£ćć«ļ¼ļ¼4ā²āćøććØćć«ćøć«ć«ćć³é
øćøćÆ
ććŖćććććæć¬ć³āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćøć«ć«ćć³é
øćøćÆ
ććŖćć夫ć
ēØćććć®ä»ć®ęä½ćÆäøčØćØåę§ć«
č”ćŖć¤ć¦ćļ¼ļ¼2ā²āļ½ļ¼pā²āćøććØćć¬ć³ćć¹
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼å®ę½ä¾
20ć®ååē©ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼2ā²āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćććć¬ć³ļ¼
ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼
ļ¼å®ę½ä¾21ć®ååē©ļ¼ćććććå¾ćć
å®ę½ä¾ 22ć26
éęµå·å“åØćę¹ęęē½®ćåććļ¼ćć©ć¹ć³
ć«ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćøć¢ćććć¬ććæć«é
øćØļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćø
ć¢ććć¤ć½ććæć«é
øćØć®ę··åē©ļ¼J.Polym.Sci.60
ISSUE169.60ļ¼1962ļ¼ć«å¾ć¤ć¦č£½é ććļ¼87ļ½ć
ćć³ē”ę°“é
¢é
ø1.5ćå
„ćę¹ęććŖććļ¼ęéå
ē±éęµććććꬔćć§ę°·å·ćęåŗććēµę¶ćå„
ćććććļ½āćøćÆćć«ćć³ć¼ć³ććåēµę¶ć
ć¦ćļ¼āļ¼āćøć”ćć«ā4Hļ¼6Hāćć³ć¾ćļ¼ļ¼
ļ¼āļ½ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ādā²ććć¹ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ćāćŖććµćø
ć³āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćøćŖć³ćØļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćøć”ćć«ā4Hļ¼
9Hāćć³ć¾ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āļ½ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ādā²ććć¹ā
ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ćāćŖććµćøć³āļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćøćŖć³ćØć®ę··
åē©58ļ½ćå¾ćć
äøčØćØåę§ć«ćć¦ēøå½ćććøć¢ćććøć«ć«ćć³
é
øćēØćć¦ćļ¼ļ¼6ā²āćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āć”ćć«ā4Hļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼
6ā²āć”ćć¬ć³ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āć”ćć«ā4Hļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ā
ćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ćć«ć«ććć«ćć¹
ļ¼ļ¼āć”ćć«ā4Hļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³ā
ļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ćå¾ććć¾ććļ¼ļ¼6ā²āć”ćć¬ć³ćć¹
ļ¼ļ¼āććØćć«ā4Hļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³
āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ćÆćļ¼ļ¼3ā²āćøć«ć«ććć·āļ¼ļ¼
4ā²āćøć¢ććććØćć«ć”ćæć³ćććŖćøć³äøć§å”©å
ćć³ć¾ć¤ć«ćØååæććć¦åęććć
ćććååē©ć®ē“«å¤ē·åøåå¤ćØćć¦ć®ē“«å¤ē·åø
åē¹ę§ćē¬¬ļ¼č”Øć«ē¤ŗćć[Table] The above results show that the cyclic iminoester used in the present invention has a high melting point and is stable without causing weight loss up to the vicinity of the melting point. The compound of Example 19 above was produced as follows. 14.0 parts of anthranilic acid and sodium carbonate
11.7 parts were dissolved in 250 parts of water, and a solution of 10.1 parts of terephthalic acid dichloride dissolved in 60 parts of acetone was added dropwise to the aqueous solution with stirring at 20 to 30Ā°C. After the dropwise addition, the mixture was reacted at room temperature for 2 hours and then for 1 hour under refluxing acetone. Then, the reaction system was made acidic by adding concentrated hydrochloric acid, filtered, and dried to obtain 19.1 parts of terephthaloyl bisanthranilic acid. Next, 100 parts of acetic anhydride was added to the total amount of the compound, and the mixture was reacted for 2 hours under reflux of acetic anhydride. After cooling the reaction mixture, it was filtered and dried to give 2,2'-p-phenylenebis(3,1-benzoxazin-4-one)15.5
I got the department. In addition, in the above reaction, 4,4'-diphenyldicarboxylic acid dichloride and naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid dichloride were used in place of terephthalic acid dichloride, and the other operations were carried out in the same manner as above. '-p,p'-diphenylenebis(3,1-benzoxazin-4-one) (Example
20 compounds),2,2'-(2,6-naphthylene)
Bis(3,1-benzoxazin-4-one)
(Compound of Example 21) were obtained, respectively. Examples 22 to 26 A mixture of 2,5-diaminoterephthalic acid and 4,6-diaminoisophthalic acid (J.Polym.Sci.60
87 g (manufactured according to ISSUE 169.60 (1962)) and 1.5 g of acetic anhydride were added, and the mixture was heated under reflux for 1 hour with stirring. Next, the precipitated crystals were separated by ice cooling and recrystallized from o-dichlorobenzene to give 2-8-dimethyl-4H,6H-benzo[1,
2-d:5,4-dā²]bis[1,3]-oxazine-4,6-dione and 2,7-dimethyl-4H,
9H-benzo[1,2-d:4,5-d']bis-
58 g of a mixture with [1,3]-oxazine-4,9-dione was obtained. 6,6ā²-bis(2-methyl-4H,
3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 6,
6ā²-methylenebis(2-methyl-4H,3,1-
benzoxazin-4-one), carbonylbis(2-methyl-4H,3,1-benzoxazine-
4-on) was obtained. In addition, 6,6'-methylenebis(2-phenyl-4H,3,1-benzoxazin-4-one) is 3,3'-dicarboxy-4,
4'-Diaminophenylmethane was synthesized by reaction with benzoyl chloride in pyridine. Table 3 shows the ultraviolet absorption properties of these compounds as ultraviolet absorbers.
ćč”Øććtableć
ćč”Øć
å®ę½ä¾ 27
ꄵéē²åŗ¦ļ¼ćĪ·ćļ¼0.64ļ¼ļ½āćÆććććØćć¼ć«
äø35āć§ęø¬å®ćć¦ę±ććļ¼ć®ććŖćØćć¬ć³ććć
ćæć¬ć¼ćććć100éØćØļ¼ļ¼2ā²āļ½āććØćć¬ć³
ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼
1.0éØććć©ć¤ćć¬ć³ćććļ¼č»øćØćÆć¹ćć«ć¼ć
ć¼ćēØćć¦ęø©åŗ¦280āćå¹³ååøÆēęéē“ļ¼åć§ć
ļ¼“āćć¤ććęŗ¶čę¼åŗććē“10āć®å·å“ćć©ć ć§
ę„å·ććåćē“800Ī¼ć®éę¶ę§ćć¤ć«ć ćå¾ćć
ćć®éćęčÆć«ććēŗē
ćÆå
Øćčµ·ćććŖćć¤ćć
å¾ććććć¤ć«ć ć80āć®ęø©åŗ¦ć§3.5Ć3.5åć®å»¶
ä¼øåēć§åęäŗč»ø延ä¼øććꬔćć§ē±é¢Øä¹¾ē„ę©ćēØ
ćć¦180āć§ļ¼åéē±å¦ēćć¦å»¶ä¼øćć¤ć«ć ćå¾
ććå¾ććććć¤ć«ć ćÆ385nm仄äøć®ē“«å¤ē·ćå®
å
Øć«åøåććć
å®ę½ä¾28ć36åć³ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼
ꄵéē²åŗ¦0.65ć®ććŖćØćć¬ć³ćć¬ććæć¬ć¼ćć
ćć100éØćØē¬¬ļ¼č”Øć«ē¤ŗćååē©ć®ćććć1.0éØ
ćØććć©ć¤ćć¬ć³ćććä¹¾ē„ććć®ć”ćļ¼č»øćØćÆ
ć¹ćć«ć¼ćć¼ćēØćć¦ęø©åŗ¦270āå¹³åę»ēęéē“
ļ¼åć§ļ¼“āćć¤ććęŗ¶čę¼åŗććē“10āć®å·å“ć
ć©ć ć§ę„å·ććęŖ延ä¼øćć¤ć«ć ćå¾ććꬔćć§90
āć§äøč»øę¹åć«3.5å延ä¼øććå¾ććććØē“č§ę¹
åć«100āć§3.5å延ä¼øććę“ć«200āć§30ē§éē±
å¦ēćć125Ī¼ć®ļ¼č»ø延ä¼øćć¤ć«ć ćå¾ćć
ęÆč¼ćØćć¦ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćøććććć·ćć³ć¾ććØ
ćć³1.0éØćę··åććććŖćØćć¬ć³ććććæć¬ć¼
ććć¤ć«ć ļ¼ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ļ¼ćåć³ē“«å¤ē·åøåå¤ćå«
ć¾ćŖćććŖćØćć¬ć³ćć¬ććæć¬ć¼ććć¤ć«ć ļ¼ęÆ
č¼ä¾ļ¼ļ¼ćēØććććććć®ćć¤ć«ć ćÆćććć
äøčØćØåäøę”件ć§ä½ęććć
ćć¤ć«ć ę¼åŗćęć®ē¶ę³ćå¾ććććć¤ć«ć ć®
ꄵéē²åŗ¦åć³čå
ę§ēćč©ä¾”ćććć®ēµęćē¬¬ļ¼
č”Øć«ć¾ćØćć¦ē¤ŗćć[Table] Example 27 100 parts of polyethylene tetophthalate chips with an intrinsic viscosity ([Ī·]) of 0.64 (measured in o-chlorophenol at 35Ā°C) and 2,2'-p-phenylene bis(3,1- benzoxazin-4-one)
Dry blend 1.0 part and use a twin-screw extruder at a temperature of 280ā and an average retention time of about 5 minutes.
It was melt-extruded through a T-die and rapidly cooled in a cooling drum at about 10Ā°C to obtain an amorphous film with a thickness of about 800Ī¼.
At this time, no smoke was generated due to sublimation.
The obtained film was simultaneously biaxially stretched at a temperature of 80Ā° C. at a stretching ratio of 3.5Ć3.5 times, and then heat-treated at 180Ā° C. for 2 minutes using a hot air dryer to obtain a stretched film. The resulting film completely absorbed ultraviolet light below 385 nm. Examples 28 to 36 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 100 parts of polyethylene terephthalate chips with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.65 and 1.0 part of each of the compounds shown in Table 4 were dry blended, dried, and heated to a temperature of 270 using a twin-screw extruder. It was melt-extruded through a T-die at an average residence time of about 1 minute at Ā°C and rapidly cooled at about 10 Ā°C in a cooling drum to obtain an unstretched film. then 90
After stretching 3.5 times in the uniaxial direction at 100Ā° C., stretching 3.5 times at 100Ā° C. perpendicular to the uniaxial direction, and further heat treating at 200Ā° C. for 30 seconds, a biaxially stretched film of 125 Ī¼m was obtained. For comparison, a polyethylene terephthalate film mixed with 1.0 part of 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone (Comparative Example 1) and a polyethylene terephthalate film containing no ultraviolet absorber (Comparative Example 2) were used. All of these films were produced under the same conditions as above. The conditions during film extrusion, the intrinsic viscosity and light resistance of the obtained film were evaluated, and the results were evaluated in the fourth section.
They are summarized in the table.
ćč”Øććtableć
ćč”Øć
ē¬¬ļ¼č”Øć®ēµęćććę¬ēŗęć®ē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ć
ć«ćę·»å ćććć¤ć«ć ćÆćéåøøć®ē“«å¤ē·åøåå¤ć
ę·»å ććęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ć®ćć¤ć«ć ć«č¼ć¹ćę¼åŗå å·„ć
容ęć§ććļ¼ę·»å å¤ć®ę®ę£ę§ćå°ććļ¼ććć¤ć
ę©ę¢°ēę§č³Ŗļ¼ē “ęä¼øåŗ¦ļ¼åć³å
ē·ééę§ļ¼ćć¼
ćŗļ¼ć®ćććć®é¢ćććććććčåę§ćē¤ŗćć
ćØććććć
å®ę½ä¾37ć39åć³ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć¹ļ¼ļ¼āććććć·ććØćć«ļ¼ćć
ćć³ććå°ććć¦ćŖćććŖć«ć¼ććć¼ćļ¼ę°å¹³å
ååéē“ļ¼äøļ¼åļ¼100éØć«äøčØē¬¬ļ¼č”Øć«ē¤ŗćå
åē©0.5éØććć©ć¤ćć¬ć³ćććļ¼“āćć¤ććęŗ¶
čę¼åŗććåćē“400Ī¼ć®ćć¤ć«ć ćå¾ćććć®
éč£½čęć®ēŗē
ćÆå
ØććŖćć¤ććå¾ććććć¤ć«
ć ć®ē©ę§åć³ćµć³ć·ć¤ć¤ć³ć¦ćØć¶ć¼ć”ć¼ćæć¼ć«ć
ć¤ć¦500ęéå
ē
§å°ććå¾ć®ćć¤ć«ć ć®ē©ę§ćęø¬
å®ćććć®ēµęćē¬¬ļ¼č”Øć«ć¾ćØćć¦ē¤ŗćć
å°ćęÆč¼ćØćć¦ćē“«å¤ē·åøåå¤ćę·»å ććŖćć
ć¤ć«ć ć«ć¤ćć¦ćäøčØćØåę§ć®č©¦éØćå®ę½ććć
ć®ēµęćē¬¬ļ¼č”Øć«ä½µčØććć[Table] From the results in Table 4, it is clear that the film containing the cyclic iminoester of the present invention is easier to extrude than the film of Comparative Example 1 containing a normal ultraviolet absorber (the volatility of the additive is is small), and
It can be seen that it exhibits excellent weather resistance in terms of both mechanical properties (elongation at break) and light transmittance (haze). Examples 37 to 39 and Comparative Example 3 0.5 part of the compound shown in Table 5 below was added to 100 parts of polycarbonate (number average molecular weight about 25,000) derived from 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane. were dry blended and melt extruded through a T-die to obtain a film with a thickness of approximately 400Ī¼. At this time, no smoke was emitted during film formation. The physical properties of the obtained film and the physical properties of the film after 500 hours of light irradiation were measured using a sunshine weather meter, and the results are summarized in Table 5. For comparison, the same test as above was conducted on a film to which no ultraviolet absorber was added, and the results are also listed in Table 5.
ćč”Øććtableć
ćč”Øć
ē¬¬ļ¼č”Øć®ēµęććę¬ēŗęć®ē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«
ćę·»å ę··åćććć¤ć«ć ćÆčåę§ć«ćććć¦ćć
ććØććććć
å®ę½ä¾40ć42ććć³ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼
ꄵéē²åŗ¦1.12ć®ćć¤ćć³āļ¼ććć100éØć«ē¬¬
ļ¼č”Øć«ē¤ŗććē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ć®ęå®éććć
ćććć©ć¤ćć¬ć³ćććććććć®ćć¬ć³ćē©ć
ććććććØćÆć¹ćć«ć¼ćć¼ćēØćć¦ćęø©åŗ¦ē“
260āć§ęŗ¶čę¼åŗćć¦åćē“500Ī¼ć®ć·ć¼ććä½ę
ććććć®ęå½¢ęćēŗē
ćÆå
Øćč¦³åÆćććŖćć¤
ćććć®ć·ć¼ććć¦ćØć¶ć¼ć”ć¼ćæć¼äøć§150ęé
čå
試éØććå¾ć®é»å¤ć®ęē”ćē¬¬ļ¼č”Øć«ē¤ŗććć
ęÆč¼ćØćć¦ćē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćę·»å ććŖć
ćć¤ć«ć ćēØććć[Table] From the results in Table 5, it can be seen that the film containing the cyclic iminoester of the present invention has excellent weather resistance. Examples 40 to 42 and Comparative Example 4 100 parts of nylon-6 chips having an intrinsic viscosity of 1.12 were each dry-blended with predetermined amounts of the cyclic imino esters shown in Table 6. From each of these blends, use an extruder to a temperature of approx.
A sheet with a thickness of approximately 500Ī¼ was created by melt extrusion at 260Ā°C. No smoke was observed during this molding. Table 6 shows the presence or absence of yellowing after this sheet was subjected to a light resistance test for 150 hours in a weather meter. For comparison, a film to which no cyclic iminoester was added was used.
ćč”Øć
å®ę½ä¾43ć45ććć³ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼
ććŖ唩åććć«100éØććøćŖćÆćć«ććæć¬ć¼ć
50éØćć¹ćć¢ćŖć³é
ø0.4éØćMark AC143ļ¼ć¢ć
ć«ć»ć¢ć¼ć¬ć¹ē¤¾č£½BaāZnē³»å®å®å¤ļ¼ļ¼éØćåć³
ē¬¬ļ¼č”Øć«ē¤ŗććē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ć®ęå®éćć
ć¼ć«äøć§ę··ē·“ćććå¾ćććåēµęē©ćåćē“ļ¼
mmć®ć·ć¼ćć«ęå½¢ćććč©²ć·ć¼ćć®ć¦ćØć¶ć¼ć”ć¼
ćæć¼äøć§ć®čå
試éØēµęćē¬¬ļ¼č”Øć«ē¤ŗććć[Table] Examples 43 to 45 and Comparative Example 5 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, dioctyl phthalate
50 parts of stearic acid, 0.4 part of stearic acid, 1 part of Mark AC143 (Ba--Zn stabilizer manufactured by Adeka Argus), and the predetermined amount of the cyclic imino ester shown in Table 7 were kneaded on a roll. Each composition obtained has a thickness of about 1
It was formed into a sheet of mm. Table 7 shows the light resistance test results of the sheet in a weather meter.
ćč”Øć
čåęéćÆćä¼øåŗ¦ćåęå¤ć®10ļ¼
ć«ćŖćć¾ć§ä½
äøććęéć«ćć¤ć¦ę±ććć
å®ę½ä¾46åć³ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼
ē”ę°“ćć¬ć¤ć³é
ø78éØćē”ę°“ććæć«é
ø178éØćć
ć³ćććć¬ć³ć°ćŖć³ć¼ć«167éØćēŖē“ ę°ęµäø150ć
160āć¾ć§å¾ć
ć«å ē±ćć¦ćć®ęø©åŗ¦ć§ļ¼ęéäæę
ććę“ć«ē“ļ¼ęéćč¦ćć¦ååæęø©åŗ¦ćå¾ć
ć«ē“
210āć¾ć§äøććććć®å¾140āć«å·å“ććććć
ććć³0.06éØćå ćććććć«ć¹ćć¬ć³å«ęéć
37wtļ¼
ćØćŖćććć«ć¹ćć¬ć³ćå ćć¦ććę··å
ććäø飽åććŖćØć¹ćć«ęعč550éØćå¾ćććć®
äø飽åććŖćØć¹ćć«ęعč20éØć«éé
øåćć³ć¾ć¤ć«
0.4éØććøć”ćć«ć¢ććŖć³0.1éØćåć³ļ¼ļ¼2ā²āļ½
āććØćć¬ć³ćć¹ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³ā
ļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼0.2éØćå ćć¦åØå²ęø©åŗ¦ć§ććę··å
ććč©²ęعčę¶²ćć¬ć©ć¹ē¹ē¶ćÆćć¹ć®äø”é¢ć«å”åøć
ććŖćć¬ć°ćå¾ććꬔćć§ćć®ććŖćć¬ć°ćļ¼ę
éćåćć¦å§ēćć70āć§ē”¬åććć¦FRPęæć
å¾ććå¾ćććFRPęæćć¦ćØć¶ć¼ć”ć¼ćæć¼äøć§
300ęéčå
ę§č©¦éØć«ä»ćććØćććå
Øćé»å¤ćÆ
č¦ćććŖćć¤ćć
ć¾ćęÆč¼ćØćć¦ļ¼ļ¼2ā²āļ½āććØćć¬ć³ćć¹
ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āćć³ć¾ćŖććµćøć³āļ¼āćŖć³ļ¼ćę·»å
ććŖćä»ćÆäøčØćØå
Øćåę§ć«ćć¦FRPęæćä½ę
ććććć®ćć®ćÆäøčØćØåć300hrsć®čå
ę§č©¦éØ
ć«ććé»å¤ććć
å®ę½ä¾47ļ¼48åć³ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼
ćøć”ćć«ćć¬ććæć¬ć¼ć175éØććØćć¬ć³ć°ćŖ
ć³ć¼ć«62éØćććŖćć³ćć¬ć³ć°ćŖć³ć¼ć«104éØć
é
¢é
øć«ć«ć·ć¦ć 0.18éØćäøé
øåć¢ć³ćć¢ć³0.09éØ
ćåøøå§äø230āć¾ć§å¾ć
ć«ęęø©ćć¦ćØć¹ćć«äŗ¤ę
ååæćććꬔćć§ććć«ććŖć”ćć«ćć¹ććØć¼ć
0.18éØåć³ć¢ćøćć³é
ø14.6éØćå ććęø©åŗ¦ć275
āć«ęęø©ćć¦ēŖē“ ę°ęµäøåøøå§äø30åćē“50mmHg
ć®å¼±ēē©ŗäø15åćę“ć«ļ¼mmHg仄äøć®é«ēē©ŗäøć§
ē“80åééēø®åååæćč”ćŖć¤ććꬔć«ååæē³»ćēŖ
ē“ ę°ęµć«ććåøøå§ć«ćć©ćć¦ē”ę°“ććŖć”ćŖććé
ø
14.4éØćę·»å ćåęø©åŗ¦ļ¼275āļ¼ć§ē“20åéååæ
ććććå·å“å¾č©²ććŖćć¼ćē²ē ćć¦ę«ē«Æ
COOHć®ććŖćØć¹ćć«ęعčćå¾ćć
ꬔćć§äøčØććŖćØć¹ćć«ęعčć®ē²ē ē©100éØ
ć«ćé
øåććæć³42.8éØćććŖć°ćŖć·ćøć«ć¤ć½ć·ć¢
ćć¬ć¼ć8.5éØåć³ē¬¬ļ¼č”Øć«ē¤ŗććē°ē¶ć¤ćććØ
ć¹ćć«ć®ē²ę«0.6éØććććć©ć¤ćć¬ć³ćććć
ććććć«ē²ē ćć¦ē²ä½å”ęćä½ęćććč©²ē²ä½
å”ęćć¹ćć³ć¬ć¹č£½ęæäøć«å”åøććććć160ā
ć§ļ¼åéē¼ä»ćććå¾ćććå”čć«ć¤ćć¦ć¦ćØć¶
ć¼ć”ć¼ćæć¼äøć§čå
ę§č©¦éØćå®ę½ććč”Øé¢å
ę²¢ć®
å¤åćęø¬å®ćććēµęćē¬¬ļ¼č”Øć«ē¤ŗććć[Table] The embrittlement time was determined by the time required for the elongation to decrease to 10% of the initial value. Example 46 and Comparative Example 6 78 parts of maleic anhydride, 178 parts of phthalic anhydride, and 167 parts of propylene glycol were mixed in a nitrogen stream at 150 to 100 parts.
Gradually heat to 160Ā°C, hold at this temperature for 1 hour, and then gradually increase the reaction temperature to 160Ā°C over a further 1 hour.
The temperature was raised to 210ā. Thereafter, the mixture was cooled to 140Ā°C and 0.06 part of hydroquinone was added. This has a styrene content.
Styrene was added to the mixture to give a concentration of 37 wt% and mixed well to obtain 550 parts of unsaturated polyester resin. Add benzoyl peroxide to 20 parts of this unsaturated polyester resin.
0.4 part, dimethylaniline 0.1 part, and 2,2'-p
-Phenylenebis(3,1-benzoxazine-)
4-one) was added and mixed well at ambient temperature, and the resin liquid was applied to both sides of a glass fiber cloth to obtain a prepreg. Next, three sheets of this prepreg were stacked and pressed together, and cured at 70Ā°C to obtain an FRP board. The obtained FRP board was placed in a weather meter.
When subjected to a 300 hour light resistance test, no yellowing was observed at all. For comparison, an FRP board was prepared in exactly the same manner as above except that 2,2'-p-phenylenebis(3,1-benzoxazin-4-one) was not added. This material turned yellow in the same 300 hrs light resistance test as above. Examples 47, 48 and Comparative Example 7 175 parts of dimethyl terephthalate, 62 parts of ethylene glycol, 104 parts of neopentylene glycol,
0.18 parts of calcium acetate and 0.09 parts of antimony trioxide were gradually heated to 230Ā°C under normal pressure to undergo transesterification reaction, and then trimethyl phosphate was added to the mixture.
Add 0.18 parts and 14.6 parts of adipic acid and bring the temperature to 275
ā and 30 minutes under normal pressure in a nitrogen stream, approximately 50mmHg.
The polycondensation reaction was carried out for 15 minutes under a weak vacuum of 1 mmHg or less, and then for about 80 minutes under a high vacuum of 1 mmHg or less. Next, the reaction system was returned to normal pressure with a nitrogen stream and trimellitic anhydride was removed.
14.4 parts were added and reacted at the same temperature (275Ā°C) for about 20 minutes. After cooling, the polymer is crushed and terminated.
A COOH polyester resin was obtained. Next, 42.8 parts of titanium oxide, 8.5 parts of triglycidyl isocyanurate, and 0.6 parts of the cyclic imino ester powder shown in Table 8 were thoroughly dry-blended with 100 parts of the above-mentioned pulverized polyester resin, and this was further pulverized to form a powder. Created paint. The powder coating was applied onto a stainless steel plate and heated to 160Ā°C.
Baked for 2 minutes. A light resistance test was conducted on the resulting coating film in a weather meter, and changes in surface gloss were measured. The results are shown in Table 8.
ćč”Øć
å
ę²¢ćÆćč§åŗ¦60ćć®é”é¢å
ę²¢åŗ¦čØćēØćć¦ęø¬å®
ććć
å®ę½ä¾ 49
å®ę½ä¾28åć³ęÆč¼ä¾ļ¼ć§ä½ęććććŖćØć¹ćć«
ćć¤ć«ć ćććć¤ććć¦ć¹ļ¼éå£3.5ļ½ćå„„č”12
ļ½ćé«ć2.2ļ½ļ¼ć®č¢«č¦ēØćć¤ć«ć ćØćć¦ēØćć
č©²ćć¤ććć¦ć¹å
ć«ē¦é50cmć§ļ¼ē¦ļ¼é«ć30cmć
å·¾ļ¼ļ½ćå„„č”12ļ½ļ¼ä½ććꬔćć§č©²ē¦ć«ćććč
ļ¼åēØ®č„ę½®ļ¼ćę Ŗé50cmć«ćŖćććć«ćć¦50ę Ŗć
ę Ŗå®ę¤ććļ¼ļ¼ę25ę„ļ¼ććć®ćć¤ććć¦ć¹å
ć®
ęø©åŗ¦ćÆęę°ęć«ćć¤ć¦å¤ę°ćØéććććØć«ććå¶
å¾”ćććļ¼ęäøę¬ć¾ć§ć®50ę Ŗć®å¹³åćØćć¦ć®ćć
ćć®ēč²ē¶ę³åć³ļ¼ę Ŗå½ćć®ćććć®ééå„åē©«
éćē¬¬ļ¼č”Øåć³ē¬¬10č”Øć«å¤«ć
ē¤ŗććć
ę¬ēŗęć®ē“«å¤ē·åøåå¤ć®ē“«å¤ē·é®ćøćä½ēØć«ć
ćććććć®ēč²ćäæé²ććć¦ććć®ććććć[Table] Gloss was measured using a specular gloss meter at an angle of 60Ā°. Example 49 The polyester films prepared in Example 28 and Comparative Example 2 were placed in a pipe house (width 3.5 m, depth 12
m, height 2.2 m) used as a covering film,
Two ridges with a ridge spacing of 50cm (height 30cm,
Then, 50 tomato seedlings (variety Wakashio) were planted in the ridge with a spacing of 50 cm (February 25th). The temperature inside this pipe house was controlled by communicating with the outside air through a ventilation fan. The growth status of tomatoes as an average of 50 plants until late May and the yield of tomatoes by weight per plant are shown in Tables 9 and 10, respectively. It can be seen that the growth of tomatoes is promoted by the ultraviolet shielding effect of the ultraviolet absorber of the present invention.
ćč”Øććtableć
ćč”Øć
仄äøćę¬ēŗęć®å®ę½ć®ę
ę§ćčŖ¬ęććć
ļ¼ äøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼
ććć§ćX1ćÆćäøčØå¼ć«č”ØććććX1ććć®
ļ¼ę¬ć®ēµåęćļ¼ä½ćļ¼ä½ć®ä½ē½®é¢äæć«ććć
ļ¼ä¾”ć®č³é¦ęę®åŗć§ććļ¼ļ½ćÆļ¼ļ¼ļ¼åćÆļ¼ć§
ććļ¼R1ćÆļ½ä¾”ć®ēåę°“ē“ ę®åŗć§ććććÆę“
ć«ćććååćå«ęćć¦ćć¦ććććåćÆR1
ćÆļ½ļ¼ļ¼ć®ćØćē“ę„ēµåć§ććććØćć§ćć
ććć³äøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼
ććć§ļ¼”ćÆäøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼āļ½
ć§č”Øććććåŗć§ćććåćÆ
äøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼āļ½
ć§č”Øććććåŗć§ććļ¼
R2ććć³R3ćÆåäøććććÆē°ćŖćäøä¾”ć®ēå
ę°“ē“ ę®åŗć§ććļ¼
X2ćÆåä¾”ć®č³é¦ęę®åŗć§ććććÆę“ć«ććć
ååćå«ęćć¦ćććć
ć§č”Øććććē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ććéøć°ćć
å°ćŖććØćļ¼ēØ®ć®ååē©ććęŖååæć®å½¢ę
ć§äø
ć¤ē“«å¤ē·åøåå¤ćØćć¦å«ęćć¦ęććå
å®å®å
éåä½ēµęē©ć
ļ¼ ē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćč”ØććäøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼ć«
ććć¦ćR1ćļ½ä¾”ć®č³é¦ęēåę°“ē“ ę®åŗć§ć
ććććć¦ļ½ćļ¼ļ¼ļ¼åćÆļ¼ć§ćććäøčØē¬¬ļ¼
é
ć®ēµęē©ć
ļ¼ ē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćč”ØććäøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼ć«
ććć¦ćR1ćļ¼ä¾”ć®č³é¦ęēåę°“ē“ ę®åŗć§ć
ććäøčØē¬¬ļ¼é
ć®ēµęē©ć
ļ¼ ē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćč”ØććäøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼ć«
ććć¦ćR1ćļ¼ę¬ć®ēµåęćęćé¢ććä½ē½®
ććåŗć¦ććļ¼ä¾”ć®č³é¦ęēåę°“ē“ ę®åŗć§ć
ććäøčØē¬¬ļ¼é
ć®ēµęē©ć
ļ¼ äøčØē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćéåä½100éééØ
ć«åƾć0.05ćļ¼éééØå«ęćććäøčØē¬¬ļ¼é
ć®
ēµęē©ć
ļ¼ äøčØē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćéåä½100éééØ
ć«åƾć0.1ćļ¼éééØå«ęćććäøčØē¬¬ļ¼é
ć®
ēµęē©ć
ļ¼ äøčØéåä½ēµęē©ć®éåä½ćē±åÆå”ę§ęعčć
ē±ē”¬åļ¼ę§ļ¼ęعčåćÆå¼¾ę§ä½ć®ļ¼ęŖļ¼ē”¬åē©ć§
ćććäøčØē¬¬ļ¼é
ć®ēµęē©ć
ļ¼ ē±åÆå”ę§ęعčćććŖćØć¹ćć«ćććŖć¢ććć
ććŖć«ć¼ććć¼ććććŖćŖć¬ćć¤ć³ćććŖćØć¼
ćć«åćÆććŖć¹ć«ćć³ć§ćććäøčØē¬¬ļ¼é
ć®ēµ
ęē©ć
ļ¼ ē±ē”¬ļ¼åļ¼ę§ęعčćććØćć¼ć«ćć«ć ć¢ć«ć
ććęعčćć”ć©ćć³ęعčćććŖć¦ć¬ćæć³ęعčć
å°æē“ ęعčććØććć·ęعčåćÆäø飽åććŖćØć¹ć
ć«ęعčć§ćććäøčØē¬¬ļ¼é
ć®ēµęē©ć
10 å¼¾ę§ä½ć®ļ¼ęŖļ¼ē”¬åē©ć天ē¶ć“ć åćÆåęć“
ć ć§ćććäøčØē¬¬ļ¼é
ć®ēµęē©ć
11 äøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼åćÆäøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼ć§č”Øćććć
ē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ććéøć°ććå°ćŖććØćļ¼
ēØ®ć®ååē©ććē“«å¤ē·ć«ććå£åćé
延ććć
ćÆé²ę¢ććåæ
č¦ć®ććéåä½ęå½¢åć«ćęŖååæ
ć®å½¢ę
ć§č©²å£åćé
延ććććÆé²ę¢ććć«ęå¹
å«éć§ę½ēØććććØćē¹å¾“ćØćććč©²éåä½ę
å½¢åćē“«å¤ē·ććäæč·ććę¹ę³ć
12 äøčØéåä½ęå½¢åćå®č³Ŗēć«ē·ē¶ć®éåä½å
ćÆę¶ę©ćććéåä½ććęććäøčØē¬¬11é
ć®ę¹
ę³ć
13 äøčØå®č³Ŗēć«ē·ē¶ć®éåä½ćē±åÆå”ę§ć§ćć
äøčØē¬¬12é
ć®ę¹ę³ć
14 äøčØå®č³Ŗēć«ē·ē¶ć®éåä½ćććŖćØć¹ćć«ć
ććŖć¢ćććććŖć«ć¼ććć¼ććććŖćŖć¬ćć¤
ć³ćććŖćØć¼ćć«åćÆććŖć¹ć«ćć³ć§ćććäø
čØē¬¬12é
åćÆē¬¬13é
ć®ę¹ę³ć
15 äøčØę¶ę©ćććéåä½ćē±ē”¬åę§ęعčć®ē”¬å
ä½åćÆē”¬åćććå¼¾ę§ä½ć§ćććäøčØē¬¬12é
ć®
ę¹ę³ć
16 äøčØē±ē”¬åę§ęعčćććØćć¼ć«ćć«ć ć¢ć«ć
ććęعčćć”ć©ćć³ęعčćććŖć¦ć¬ćæć³ęعčć
å°æē“ ęعčććØććć·ęعčćåćÆäø飽åććŖćØć¹
ćć«ęعčć§ćććäøčØē¬¬15é
ć®ę¹ę³ć
17 äøčØē”¬åćććå¼¾ę§ä½ć天ē¶ć“ć åćÆåęć“
ć ć®ē”¬åä½ć§ćććäøčØē¬¬15é
ć®ę¹ę³ć
18 äøčØē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ć®äøčØéåä½ęå½¢å
ć«åƾććę½ēØććč©²éåä½ęå½¢åć®éåä½äøć«
äŗćč©²ē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćęŖååæć®å½¢ę
ć§é
åćććć¦ććććØć«ćć¤ć¦č”ćŖććäøčØē¬¬11
é
ć®ę¹ę³ć
19 äøčØē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ć®äøčØéåä½ęå½¢å
ć«åƾććę½ēØććč©²éåä½ęå½¢åć®č”Øé¢ć«č©²ē°
ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćå«ćč¢«čćå½¢ęććććć
ćØć«ćć¤ć¦č”ćŖććäøčØē¬¬11é
ć®ę¹ę³ć
20 äøčØē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćéåä½ęå½¢åć®é
åä½100éééØć«åƾć0.05ćļ¼éééØć§ę½ēØć
ććäøčØē¬¬11é
ć®ę¹ę³ć
21 äøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼åćÆäøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼ć§č”Øćććć
ē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ććéøć°ććå°ćŖććØćļ¼
ēØ®ć®ååē©ćęŖååæć®å½¢ę
ć§ę½ēØćććéåä½
ęå½¢åć§ē“«å¤ē·ć«ććęć¾ćććŖćå½±éæćåć
ćåÆ¾č±”ē©ćē“«å¤ē·ććå®č³Ŗēć«é®ęććććØć
ē¹å¾“ćØćććč©²åÆ¾č±”ē©ćē“«å¤ē·ććäæč·ććę¹
ę³ć
22 äøčØéåä½ęå½¢åćåÆč¦å
ć«åƾćå®č³Ŗēć«é
ęćŖććåéęć§ćććäøčØē¬¬21é
ć®ę¹ę³ć
23 äøčØéåä½ęå½¢åćé¢ē¶ä½åćÆäøē©ŗä½ć§ćć
äøčØē¬¬22é
ć®ę¹ę³ć
24 äøčØéåä½ęå½¢åćéåä½100éééØć«åƾć
0.05ćļ¼éééØć§č©²ē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćę½ēØ
ććć¦ćććäøčØē¬¬21é
ć®ę¹ę³ć
25 äøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼åćÆäøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼ć§č”Øćććć
ē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ć®ē“«å¤ē·åøåå¤ćØćć¦ć®ä½æ
ēØć
26 äøčØē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćäøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼āļ¼
ććć§ćR11ćÆļ¼ä¾”ć®č³é¦ęēåę°“ē“ ę®åŗć§
ććć
ć§č”Øććććååē©ć§ćććäøčØē¬¬25é
ć®ä½æ
ēØć
27 äøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼āļ¼ć«ććć¦ćR11ćļ¼ę¬ć®ēµ
åęćęćé¢ććä½ē½®ććåŗć¦ććļ¼ä¾”ć®č³é¦
ęēåę°“ē“ ę®åŗć§ćććäøčØē¬¬26é
ć®ä½æēØć
28 äøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼āļ¼ć«ććć¦ćR11ćļ½āććØ
ćć¬ć³ćļ½ļ¼pā²āćććØćć¬ć³åćÆļ¼ļ¼ļ¼āć
ććć¬ć³ć§ćććäøčØē¬¬26é
åćÆē¬¬27é
ć®ä½æ
ēØć[Table] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. 1 The following formula () Here, X 1 has two bonds from X 1 expressed in the above formula in the positional relationship of 1st and 2nd positions,
is a divalent aromatic residue; n is 1, 2 or 3; R 1 is an n-valent hydrocarbon residue which may further contain a heteroatom; or R 1
can be a direct bond when n=2 and the following formula () Here, A is the following formula () - a Is a group represented by or the following formula ()-b R 2 and R 3 are the same or different monovalent hydrocarbon residues; X 2 is a tetravalent aromatic residue which may further contain a heteroatom; A photostabilized polymer composition comprising at least one compound selected from cyclic iminoesters represented by the following in an unreacted form and as an ultraviolet absorber. 2 In the above formula () representing a cyclic imino ester, R 1 is an n-valent aromatic hydrocarbon residue, and n is 1, 2 or 3,
composition of the term. 3. The composition according to item 1 above, wherein in the above formula () representing a cyclic iminoester, R 1 is a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon residue. 4. The composition according to item 1 above, wherein in the above formula () representing a cyclic iminoester, R 1 is a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon residue from which the two bonding hands are most distant from each other. 5. The composition according to item 1 above, containing 0.05 to 5 parts by weight of the cyclic iminoester based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer. 6. The composition according to item 1 above, containing 0.1 to 3 parts by weight of the cyclic iminoester based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer. 7 The polymer of the above polymer composition is a thermoplastic resin,
The composition according to item 1 above, which is an (un)cured product of a thermosetting resin or an elastic body. 8 Thermoplastic resin is polyester, polyamide,
The composition of item 7 above, which is a polycarbonate, polyolefin, polyether or polysulfone. 9 Thermosetting resin is phenol formaldehyde resin, melamine resin, polyurethane resin,
The composition of item 7 above, which is a urea resin, an epoxy resin or an unsaturated polyester resin. 10. The composition according to item 7 above, wherein the (un)cured elastomer is natural rubber or synthetic rubber. 11 At least one selected from the above formula () or a cyclic imino ester represented by the above formula ()
A polymer molding characterized in that the seed compound is applied in unreacted form to a polymer molding in which it is necessary to retard or prevent deterioration due to ultraviolet radiation in an amount effective to retard or prevent said deterioration. How to protect your products from UV rays. 12. The method of paragraph 11, wherein the polymer molded article comprises a substantially linear polymer or a crosslinked polymer. 13. The method of paragraph 12, wherein said substantially linear polymer is thermoplastic. 14 The substantially linear polymer is polyester,
The method of item 12 or 13 above, wherein the material is polyamide, polycarbonate, polyolefin, polyether or polysulfone. 15. The method according to item 12, wherein the crosslinked polymer is a cured thermosetting resin or a cured elastic body. 16 The above thermosetting resins include phenol formaldehyde resin, melamine resin, polyurethane resin,
The method of item 15 above, wherein the resin is a urea resin, an epoxy resin, or an unsaturated polyester resin. 17. The method of item 15 above, wherein the cured elastic body is a cured body of natural rubber or synthetic rubber. 18 The application of the cyclic imino ester to the polymer molded article is carried out by previously blending the cyclic imino ester in an unreacted form into the polymer of the polymer molded article,
Section method. 19. The method according to item 11, wherein the cyclic iminoester is applied to the polymer molded article by forming a film containing the cyclic imino ester on the surface of the polymer molded article. 20. The method of item 11 above, wherein the cyclic iminoester is applied in an amount of 0.05 to 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polymer of the polymer molded article. 21 At least one selected from the above formula () or a cyclic imino ester represented by the above formula ()
1. A method for protecting objects from ultraviolet radiation, characterized in that objects which are undesirably affected by ultraviolet radiation are substantially shielded from ultraviolet radiation by a polymer molding to which a seed compound has been applied in unreacted form. 22. The method of item 21 above, wherein the polymer molded article is substantially transparent or translucent to visible light. 23. The method according to item 22 above, wherein the polymer molded article is a planar body or a hollow body. 24 The above polymer molded product is based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer.
22. The method of item 21 above, wherein the cyclic iminoester is applied in an amount of 0.05 to 5 parts by weight. 25 Use of a cyclic iminoester represented by the above formula () or the above formula () as an ultraviolet absorber. 26 The above cyclic imino ester has the following formula ()-1 Here, R 11 is a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon residue. The use of item 25 above, which is a compound represented by 27 Use of the above item 26, wherein in the above formula ()-1, R 11 is a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon residue from which the two bonds are the most distant from each other. 28 The use of the above item 26 or 27, wherein in the above formula ()-1, R 11 is p-phenylene, p,p'-biphenylene or 2,6-naphthylene.
Claims (1)
ļ¼ę¬ć®ēµåęćļ¼ä½ćļ¼ä½ć®ä½ē½®é¢äæć«ćććļ¼
ä¾”ć®č³é¦ęę®åŗć§ććļ¼ļ½ćÆļ¼ļ¼ļ¼åćÆļ¼ć§ć
ćļ¼R1ćÆļ½ä¾”ć®ēåę°“ē“ ę®åŗć§ććććÆę“ć«ć
ććååćå«ęćć¦ćć¦ććććåćÆR1ćÆļ½ļ¼
ļ¼ć®ćØćē“ę„ēµåć§ććććØćć§ććć ććć³äøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼ ććć§ļ¼”ćÆäøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼āļ½ ć§č”Øććććåŗć§ćććåćÆć äøčØå¼ļ¼ļ¼āļ½ ć§č”Øććććåŗć§ććļ¼ R2ććć³R3ćÆåäøććććÆē°ćŖćäøä¾”ć®ēåę°“
ē“ åŗć§ććļ¼ X2ćÆåä¾”ć®č³é¦ęę®åŗć§ććććÆę“ć«ćććå
åćå«ęćć¦ćć¦ćććć ć§č”Øććććē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ććéøć°ććå°
ćŖććØćļ¼ēØ®ć®ååē©ćęŖååæć®å½¢ę ć§äøć¤ē“«å¤
ē·åøåå¤ćØćć¦ę½ēØććéåä½ęå½¢åćēØćć¦ć
ē“«å¤ē·ć«ććęć¾ćććŖćå½±éæćåććććåÆ¾č±”
ē©ććē“«å¤ē·ććå®č³Ŗēć«é®ęćäæč·ććććØć
ē¹å¾“ćØććč©²åÆ¾č±”ē©ćē“«å¤ē·ććäæč·ććę¹ę³ć ļ¼ äøčØéåä½ęå½¢åćåÆč¦å ć«åƾćå®č³Ŗēć«é
ęćŖććåéęć§ćććē¹čرč«ę±ć®ēÆå²ē¬¬ļ¼é ć®
ę¹ę³ć ļ¼ äøčØéåä½ęå½¢åćé¢ē¶ä½åćÆäøē©ŗä½ć§ćć
ē¹čرč«ę±ć®ēÆå²ē¬¬ļ¼é ć®ę¹ę³ć ļ¼ äøčØē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ć®äøčØéåä½ęå½¢å
ć«åƾććę½ēØććč©²éåä½ęå½¢åć®č”Øé¢ć«č©²ē°ē¶
ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćå«ćč¢«čćå½¢ęććććććØć«
ćć¤ć¦č”ćŖććē¹čرč«ę±ć®ēÆå²ē¬¬ļ¼é ć®ę¹ę³ć ļ¼ äøčØē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ć®äøčØéåä½ęå½¢å
ć«åƾććę½ēØććč©²éåä½ęå½¢åć®éåä½äøć«äŗ
ćč©²ē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćęŖååæć®å½¢ę ć§é åć
ććć¦ććććØć«ćć¤ć¦č”ćŖććē¹čرč«ę±ć®ēÆå²
ē¬¬ļ¼é ć®ę¹ę³ć ļ¼ äøčØéåä½ęå½¢åćå®č³Ŗēć«ē·ē¶ć®éåä½å
ćÆę¶ę©ćććéåä½ććęććē¹čرč«ę±ć®ēÆå²ē¬¬
ļ¼é ć®ę¹ę³ć ļ¼ äøčØå®č³Ŗēć«ē·ē¶ć®éåä½ćē±åÆå”ę§ć§ć
ććē¹čرč«ę±ć®ēÆå²ē¬¬ļ¼é ć®ę¹ę³ć ļ¼ äøčØå®č³Ŗēć«ē·ē¶ć®éåä½ćććŖćØć¹ćć«ć
ććŖć¢ćććććŖć«ć¼ććć¼ććććŖćŖć¬ćć¤
ć³ćććŖćØć¼ćć«åćÆććŖć¹ć«ćć³ć§ćććē¹čر
č«ę±ć®ēÆå²ē¬¬ļ¼é åćÆē¬¬ļ¼é ć®ę¹ę³ć ļ¼ äøčØę¶ę©ćććéåä½ćē±ē”¬åę§ęعčć®ē”¬å
ä½åćÆē”¬åćććå¼¾ę§ä½ć§ćććē¹čرč«ę±ć®ēÆå²
ē¬¬ļ¼é ć®ę¹ę³ć ļ¼ļ¼ äøčØē±ē”¬åę§ęعčćććØćć¼ć«ćć«ć ć¢ć«
ćććęعčćć”ć©ćć³ęعčćććŖć¦ć¬ćæć³ęعčć
å°æē“ ęعčććØććć·ęعčćåćÆäø飽åććŖćØć¹ć
ć«ęعčć§ćććē¹čرč«ę±ć®ēÆå²ē¬¬ļ¼é ć®ę¹ę³ć ļ¼ļ¼ äøčØē”¬åćććå¼¾ę§ä½ć天ē¶ć“ć åćÆåę
ć“ć ć®ē”¬åä½ć§ćććē¹čرč«ę±ć®ēÆå²ē¬¬ļ¼é ć®ę¹
ę³ć ļ¼ļ¼ äøčØē°ē¶ć¤ćććØć¹ćć«ćéåä½ęå½¢åć®
éåä½100éééØć«åƾć0.05ćļ¼éééØć§ę½ēØć
ććē¹čرč«ę±ć®ēÆå²ē¬¬ļ¼é ć®ę¹ę³ć[Claims] 1. The following formula () Here, X 1 is 2, where the two bonds from X 1 expressed in the above formula are in the positional relationship of the 1st and 2nd positions.
n is a valent aromatic residue; n is 1, 2 or 3; R 1 is an n-valent hydrocarbon residue which may further contain a heteroatom, or R 1 is n=
It can be a direct bond when 2, and the following formula () Here, A is the following formula () - a or the following formula ()-b R 2 and R 3 are the same or different monovalent hydrocarbon groups; X 2 is a tetravalent aromatic residue, which may further contain a heteroatom, Using a polymer molded article to which at least one compound selected from the cyclic iminoesters represented by is applied in an unreacted form and as an ultraviolet absorber,
1. A method for protecting an object from ultraviolet radiation, which comprises substantially shielding and protecting an object that is undesirably affected by ultraviolet radiation. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the polymer molded article is substantially transparent or translucent to visible light. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polymer molded article is a planar body or a hollow body. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cyclic iminoester is applied to the polymer molded article by forming a film containing the cyclic imino ester on the surface of the polymer molded article. 5 Claims in which the application of the cyclic iminoester to the polymer molded article is carried out by blending the cyclic imino ester in an unreacted form into the polymer of the polymer molded article in advance. Method of Section 1. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the polymer molded article comprises a substantially linear polymer or a crosslinked polymer. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the substantially linear polymer is thermoplastic. 8 The substantially linear polymer is polyester,
8. The method of claim 6 or 7, wherein the polyamide, polycarbonate, polyolefin, polyether or polysulfone. 9. The method of claim 6, wherein the crosslinked polymer is a cured thermosetting resin or a cured elastic body. 10 The thermosetting resin is a phenol formaldehyde resin, a melamine resin, a polyurethane resin,
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the resin is a urea resin, an epoxy resin, or an unsaturated polyester resin. 11. The method according to claim 9, wherein the cured elastic body is a cured body of natural rubber or synthetic rubber. 12. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cyclic iminoester is applied in an amount of 0.05 to 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polymer molded article.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP17567086A JPS6211744A (en) | 1986-07-28 | 1986-07-28 | Protection from ultraviolet ray using novel ultraviolet absorber |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP17567086A JPS6211744A (en) | 1986-07-28 | 1986-07-28 | Protection from ultraviolet ray using novel ultraviolet absorber |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP12217782A Division JPS5912952A (en) | 1982-07-15 | 1982-07-15 | Protection from ultraviolet rays using novel ultraviolet light absorber |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS6211744A JPS6211744A (en) | 1987-01-20 |
JPS6231027B2 true JPS6231027B2 (en) | 1987-07-06 |
Family
ID=16000177
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP17567086A Granted JPS6211744A (en) | 1986-07-28 | 1986-07-28 | Protection from ultraviolet ray using novel ultraviolet absorber |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS6211744A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1312637A3 (en) * | 2001-11-20 | 2003-09-03 | Takemoto Yushi Kabushiki Kaisha | Ultraviolet radiation absorbents for thermoplastic polymers and methods of producing same |
JP2008174655A (en) * | 2007-01-19 | 2008-07-31 | Teijin Chem Ltd | Polycarbonate resin sheet or film |
WO2011093478A1 (en) | 2010-01-27 | 2011-08-04 | åøäŗŗę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Film |
US8304538B2 (en) | 2007-09-27 | 2012-11-06 | Fujifilm Corporation | Method of producing benzoxazinone-based compound |
Families Citing this family (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2752384B2 (en) * | 1988-08-19 | 1998-05-18 | åøäŗŗę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | UV absorbing cosmetics |
CN1074408C (en) * | 1998-10-29 | 2001-11-07 | å®å±±é¢é(éå¢)å ¬åø | Process for preparing multiring or fused-ring binary carboxylate by heteropoly acid catalysis |
US7612937B2 (en) | 2001-02-09 | 2009-11-03 | Alliance For Sustainable Energy, Llc | Advanced ultraviolet-resistant silver mirrors for use in solar reflectors |
US6774232B2 (en) * | 2001-10-22 | 2004-08-10 | Cytec Technology Corp. | Low color, low sodium benzoxazinone UV absorbers and process for making same |
KR100583387B1 (en) * | 2001-11-20 | 2006-05-25 | ė¤ģ¼ėŖØķ ģ ģ ź°ė¶ģķ¤ ź°ģ“ģ¤ | Ultraviolet radiation absorbents for thermoplastic polymers and methods of producing same |
JP2006182980A (en) * | 2004-12-28 | 2006-07-13 | Unitika Ltd | Polyarylate resin composition and molded article comprising the same |
JP4834398B2 (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2011-12-14 | ę„ę¬ćÆć©ć¦ć³ć³ć«ćÆę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Screw cap |
JP2007327161A (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2007-12-20 | Teijin Fibers Ltd | Woven fabric excellent in ultraviolet-shielding ability, air permeability and gloss, and clothing using the same |
ES2621964T3 (en) | 2006-06-28 | 2017-07-05 | Teijin Frontier Co., Ltd. | Knitted textile and sportswear |
JP2008045233A (en) * | 2006-08-14 | 2008-02-28 | Teijin Fibers Ltd | Knitted fabric having ultraviolet shielding property and soft feeling and clothing |
JP5236297B2 (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2013-07-17 | åÆ士ćć¤ć«ć ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Heterocyclic compounds |
JP5181558B2 (en) * | 2007-07-13 | 2013-04-10 | ć³ćć«ććć«ćæć¢ććć³ć¹ćć¬ć¤ć¤ć¼ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Optical film, polarizing plate, and liquid crystal display device |
JP5129597B2 (en) * | 2008-02-07 | 2013-01-30 | åÆ士ćć¤ć«ć ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Ultraviolet absorber, condensed ring compound and method for producing the same |
JP2010126837A (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2010-06-10 | Teijin Fibers Ltd | Antistatic ultrafine textured yarn having uv-blocking effect and method for producing the same |
TW201040334A (en) | 2008-11-27 | 2010-11-16 | Teijin Fibers Ltd | Antistatic ultrafine textured yarn having uv-blocking effect and method for producing the same |
EP2602365B1 (en) | 2010-08-02 | 2015-11-25 | Teijin Frontier Co., Ltd. | Multilayered fabric and textile product |
WO2013125420A1 (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2013-08-29 | ć³ćć«ććć«ćæę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Optical film, polarizing plate and liquid crystal display device |
US9638842B2 (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2017-05-02 | Skyfuel, Inc. | Modification of UV absorption profile of polymer film reflectors to increase solar-weighted reflectance |
KR102614296B1 (en) | 2016-01-20 | 2023-12-18 | ė°ģ“ģ§ ķė” ķ°ģ ź°ė¶ģķ¤ź°ģ“ģ¤ | letters and textile products |
EP3617356B1 (en) | 2017-04-25 | 2022-09-28 | Teijin Frontier Co., Ltd. | Fabric and fiber product |
WO2018216572A1 (en) | 2017-05-25 | 2018-11-29 | åøäŗŗććć³ćć£ć¢ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Multilayer structured fabric and fiber product |
CN113056580B (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2023-06-30 | åøäŗŗåÆēē¹ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Fabric and fiber product |
EP4141156A4 (en) | 2020-04-21 | 2023-10-11 | Teijin Frontier Co., Ltd. | Water-repelling fabric, and textile product |
-
1986
- 1986-07-28 JP JP17567086A patent/JPS6211744A/en active Granted
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1312637A3 (en) * | 2001-11-20 | 2003-09-03 | Takemoto Yushi Kabushiki Kaisha | Ultraviolet radiation absorbents for thermoplastic polymers and methods of producing same |
JP2008174655A (en) * | 2007-01-19 | 2008-07-31 | Teijin Chem Ltd | Polycarbonate resin sheet or film |
US8304538B2 (en) | 2007-09-27 | 2012-11-06 | Fujifilm Corporation | Method of producing benzoxazinone-based compound |
WO2011093478A1 (en) | 2010-01-27 | 2011-08-04 | åøäŗŗę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Film |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS6211744A (en) | 1987-01-20 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0068327B1 (en) | Protection from ultraviolet light by use of novel ultraviolet absorber | |
JPS6231027B2 (en) | ||
JPS625944B2 (en) | ||
TWI427069B (en) | Crystalline form of 2-(4,6-bis-biphenyl-4-yl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-5-(2-ethyl-(n)-hexyloxy)phenol | |
US6352783B1 (en) | Copolyester containing 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and an ultraviolet light absorbing compound and articles made therefrom | |
US5558912A (en) | Blends of ultraviolet absorbers and polyesters | |
JPH09316060A (en) | Bisbenzotriazolylphenol compound | |
JP3048573B2 (en) | UV absorbing polymer and weatherable resin composition using the same | |
US4264680A (en) | UV-Stabilized polycarbonates | |
US6218450B1 (en) | Copolyester containing isophthalic acid, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, 4,4ā²-biphenyldicarboxylic acid and an ultraviolet light absorbing compound and articles made therefrom | |
EP0711803A2 (en) | Method for preventing emission of fluorescence from polyalkylenenaphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylate | |
JPS6262865A (en) | Outdoor film stabilized against chemical attack | |
EP0097841A1 (en) | Polycarbonate composition containing latent ester UV stabilizer | |
US4803241A (en) | Condensation polymers containing styrylbenzazole ultraviolet radiation-absorbing residues and shaped articles produced therefrom | |
US6368724B1 (en) | Copolyester containing isophthalic acid, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and an ultraviolet light absorbing compound and articles made therefrom | |
US4122269A (en) | 1,3,6-Tris(4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazine-2-yl)hexane | |
JPS61176640A (en) | 2-phenylbenzotriazole type ultraviolet light absorber | |
JP2003082201A (en) | Polyarylate resin composition and molded product composed of the same | |
JPS61231080A (en) | Stabilizer organic material | |
CA1159992A (en) | Melamine coatings | |
JP2003261753A (en) | Polybutylene terephthalate-based resin composition and molded article using the same | |
US3629322A (en) | Organic esters and their use as ultraviolet light absorbers and as heat stabilizers | |
JPH02188581A (en) | 2-hydroxyphenylbenzotriazole-based compound and use thereof | |
JPH06145164A (en) | Ultraviolet absorber, benzopyran derivative suitable for the same, thermoplastic resin composition containing the ultraviolet absorber and molded article | |
JP2006316134A (en) | Ultraviolet light absorbent |