JPS62294969A - Process analyzer - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION) The present invention relates to process instrumentation/automation equipment and at least one process analyzer that can be used in hazardous environments, e.g. Alternatively, it relates to a process analysis device with an explosive environment and/or protection measures for use with hazardous substances, for example substances hazardous to health.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Safeguards protect the environment of an analytical device and the personnel operating it from hazardous substances present within the device. Protective measures also protect the measuring instrument from hazardous substances. This is particularly important in so-called open air installations, such as refinery areas or exploration equipment, or inside buildings in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries.

Process instrumentation and automation equipment
Used to measure, adjust, and control sequences. The process component [juice device performs automatic analysis of substances or substances, and for this purpose it is necessary to supply and make available process equipment, auxiliary material equipment, and disposal equipment. .

Apart from processes in the hydrocarbon industry, process analyzers are also used in connection with processes related to the treatment of explosives, powdery, I=1' poisonous, carcinogenic and other health-hazardous and hazardous substances. You can also use The equipment used is classified by industry regulations as requiring monitoring.

Possible analytical and measurement processes include chemical affinity or reaction and electrochemical measurement processes, such as, for example, potentiometric, calorimetric, voltmetric, amperometric or polarographic methods, which are often associated with titrations. This is a known chemical analysis used to determine the The analysis is
interaction of atoms and molecules with electromagnetic radiation, excitation of electronic transitions and excitation of energy states by energy radiation;
and can also be related to release and absorption. Process analyzers analyze the reaction of the substance to be investigated with electric or magnetic fields, mass spectrometry, conductivity,
Dielectric properties (dfclcctrlcity), and diamagnetic properties can also be investigated. Finally, the thermal and mechanical quantities are determined in total.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention It is known to install such analytical equipment in central and non-central laboratories. If analysis were to be performed at a central location within the processing plant, samples would have to be taken individually from the process and someone would have to transport the samples to the laboratory and load them onto the analyzer. However, the condition of the specimen may change during transportation. Another drawback is the unavoidable amount of time between sample collection and analysis. Furthermore, stochastic measurements are only possible because individual samples can only be analyzed. Therefore, attempts were made to install analytical equipment on-site and perform on-site analysis. This provides the possibility of using the process analyzer for continuous analysis, allowing measurement processes to be carried out continuously and discontinuously with a finite /1111 constant cycle. For that purpose, we have created an ``Analyzer Shelter''.
It is known to house analytical devices in fixed containers, walled containers or portable containers with a container called #g. Such portable analyzer shelters are available, for example, in Benke's corporate publication Analyzer Shelter.
r) described in the J 11/81 edition. The interior of these analyzer shelters may be accessed, for example, for maintenance of analyzers and auxiliary equipment. Although these analyzer shelters are ideal for many applications, their relatively large size is a disadvantage.

One of their disadvantages is the need to take cumbersome and expensive precautions against dangerous and health-injurious substances. The protection costs are much higher than for equipment that simply processes electrical signals, for example. Such instrumentation requires only explosion-proof treatment and the prevention of hazardous substances from escaping into the external environment.

Process analytical equipment or process instrumentation equipment in areas with a risk of explosion comply with standard VDE O165,0171.
, EN50014~50020゜50039 and IE
The type of protection and construction characteristics indicated in the explosion protection provisions specified in C79-10 shall be met.

Furthermore, process analysis equipment must, for measurement reasons, be immune to environmental influences in order to ensure measurement accuracy, stability and reproducibility, and to avoid premature deterioration of the electronic components. For economic and safety reasons,
Apart from protection against the weather, it is also necessary to protect against aggressive and corrosive atmospheres.

In practice, protection is provided by placing separate explosion-proof analyzers inside analyzer shelters and ventilating the shelters. However, this approach has hitherto been highly inadequate and is quite expensive to implement. Therefore, analyzer shelters were often ventilated only by natural draft. In the case of a shelter where several analytical instruments are placed, forced ventilation using an explosion-proof fan is also known. Forced ventilation requires, for economic reasons, air to be removed from the environment, purified, filtered, dried and
It must be treated as a function of the atmosphere. It is also often necessary to monitor that explosive substances and/or toxic mixtures such as sulfur compounds become present above a threshold. Not only are these methods expensive, but they also pose a risk of unsatisfactory performance. Ventilation does not obviate the use of explosion-proof analyzers to protect them from external explosion hazards and to protect the environment from explosions. Explosions may also occur from combustible materials within the analyzer.

External ventilation of the analyzer shelter also prevents combustible materials from reducing the explosion limit of the air/combustible gas mixture when one analyzer is opened, especially if there are several analyzers. may appear. Disconnecting the remaining analytical equipment and all electrical equipment in the shelter, which is necessary for safety reasons, is practically not acceptable in most cases.

It is therefore inevitable that each analytical device must be of explosion-proof construction. Possible explosion-proof structures include an oil-filled type, an overpressure-filled type, a sand-filled type, and a pressure-resistant sealed type to increase safety and provide the safety of a solid nail.

As a result of the mechanical construction of explosion-proof devices, especially of the pressure-tight type, it is a disadvantage that access to the internal parts of the analytical device is prevented. This increases repair time and reduces equipment utilization. Furthermore, failure detection is extremely troublesome, since the operation of the analyzer must be stopped after the explosion-proof device is opened, or the environment must be constantly inspected to confirm that there is no danger of explosion. The disadvantage of T=3 is that special work protection is required, e.g.
work approval) J to ensure accident-free repairs or failure detection. Another disadvantage is that the number of signal wires that can be passed through the pressure-tight housing is limited and all signal means of the remaining units of the analyzer must be explosion-proof.

If a computer is provided for evaluation, it must also be explosion-proof. For this purpose, considerable and expensive technical precautions have to be taken.

Another disadvantage of analyzers with analyzer shelters is that, as a result of the dimensions of the apparatus, the installation point cannot be chosen freely. Since it is possible to enter the interior of the analyzer shelter, escape routes must be provided for personnel. For safety reasons, only members of the staff may enter, provided that someone else is available for supervision and assistance in case of an emergency. Therefore, since the analyzer cannot be placed near the process to be analyzed, long supply lines and pump equipment must be provided. For measurements, this is a disadvantage, since void volumes and idle times necessarily occur.

Therefore, traditional analyzers are economical and measurement '−
It was not used to the extent that it was desirable for reasons and places within the process.

The problem of the present invention is to obtain an analytical device of the above-mentioned type that is economical to produce and operate and has increased availability.

(Means for solving the problem) This problem is solved by the fact that inside the self-supporting and sealed housing, a removable support member occupies most of the inside of the housing, and in front of the support member. the support member is connected to a first door member closing the removal opening, the support member is connected to at least one process analyzer, at least one specimen separation means, at least one auxiliary material device; one-way or two-way communication means for electrical signals; the support member is connected to the stationary housing part via flexible supply and disposal lines; the entrance to the housing is provided with a door opening means;
The door opening means are connected via monitoring means to the explosion protection means and/or the environmental protection means, such that opening is only possible in safe conditions, and the door opening means are connected to the explosion protection means and/or the environmental protection means, such that opening is only possible in a safe condition, and outside the housing, the completed device is locally connected. A process analysis device is provided with at least one keyboard and a viewing section for inspection.

The invention is very economical, especially as a result of the compactness of the housing. The analyzer is fully assembled and tested at the factory and requires minimal assembly and testing at the installation site. Due to its compact size, it is possible in most cases to provide the installation point close to the process, so that no expensive supply and discharge pipes or process return and pressure increase means are required. The present invention provides the great advantage of being explosion-proof and weather-proof in one housing, thereby creating an explosion-proof area inside the housing. Since explosion-proofness is obtained by the housing in this way, explosion-proofness does not need to be obtained by the structure of the analyzer, and therefore the structure of the analyzer can be made standard. As a result, no special training is required for operating personnel, and no special spare parts or tools are required for maintenance.

Also, optimal protection against hazardous substances is provided. The housing can be closed tightly and requires relatively little ventilation. It is possible to provide a cleaning cycle and a pumping cycle using self-contained circulation. therefore,
Very effective inert gases can be used and a largely self-sufficient auxiliary material supply can be achieved. It is also possible to minimize manufacturing and operating costs in order to provide air conditioning inside the housing.

An important feature of the invention is that the structure of the analyzer is compact when the housing is closed.

However, optimum accessibility is ensured for replacement, repair and maintenance of the unit when the support member is removed from the housing.

Another important feature of the present invention is the high degree of utilization of partitioning equipment. Actual tests have shown that utilization of 9096 can be achieved. To this end, the ``non-explosive'' atmosphere in which all units are housed allows standard sensors to be used in almost random numbers. It is also possible to arrange a wide range of electronic evaluation devices in the housing without any restrictions being imposed on explosion protection. An electronic fault diagnostic device allows functional monitoring and fault detection to be performed with the housing closed. Diagnostic data can be transmitted remotely to a central station and test signals can be continuously monitored for error limits. Fault diagnosis equipment can shorten repair time. The repair time typically includes detecting the fault and determining the location of the fault. Also, minimum demands are placed on diagnostic staff.

Trial and error methods and devices can be used to design fault diagnostic equipment. No restrictions are placed on the equipment that can be used for explosion protection. There are no technical or economic constraints on the placement and routing of the tubes since inexpensive standard structures can be used.

For example, a complete analyzer can be quickly replaced for overhaul at a factory, which increases its utilization.

For this purpose, it is only necessary to remove the door member and the support cage connected to it and replace it with another one. Air conditioning the interior areas reduces systematic errors and failures within the unit. Occasional faults are immediately detected and indicated by fault diagnostic equipment.

The explosion-proof internal area offers the possibility of obtaining freely selectable analyzer combinations. This provides the advantage of being able to carry out improved combinatorial measurements and to perform correlated and redundant measurements. Many advantages in terms of protection for the operator and the environment are also obtained. By locking the door member associated with the monitoring means, access to the interior of the housing is controlled in such a way that opening the door in a dangerous situation is prevented. Maintenance work can therefore be carried out by untrained persons and explosion protection is independent of the care taken by maintenance personnel. As a result of the very tight insulating housing, the requirement for internal gas circulation is met. It is possible without difficulty to use (Cti type ``external ventilation'' and ``overpressure encapsulation'' for the entire housing. In case of economical use, their type of protection poses minimal restrictions on use. be.

The use of inert gases for scavenging and to prevent ignition eliminates the risk of saturation with flammable gases. A pressure tight housing requires a minimum amount of anti-ignition gas. Also, it is not always necessary to scavenge air and replenish losses due to leakage. Due to the slightly increased pressure in the internal area, external atmosphere can be prevented from entering the interior of the housing.

Using ignition prevention gases it is possible to construct cooling or heating devices that are not of explosion-proof design. If self-contained water circulation is used to cool the analyzer, no water treatment equipment of the type would be required if cooling water had to be obtained from an external water source.

The circulation of inert ignition prevention gas can be carried out in a simple manner in air conditioning to avoid the blind spots required for explosion protection, so that it can be It is possible to adjust the temperature of the internal region in the form of a typical process device and under cyclic conditions.

The housing allows cooling, heating and
It is possible to install all the auxiliary equipment necessary to operate the analyzer independently of environmental conditions such as corrosion etc.

Regarding the housing, it is pointed out that explosion protection, weather resistance and prevention of contact with substances harmful to health are ensured. As a result of the automatic door, automatic energization of the device for testing, switching on and switching off takes place. The operator can only enter the interior of the housing when a programmed safety procedure releases the automatic door system. The analyzer only begins to operate when adequate explosion protection has been provided inside the housing, ie when the entire device unit is no longer accessible.

Apart from economic advantages and availability, another advantage of the invention is that occasional risks are minimized. Since the diagnostic device covers all units of the entire analyzer and operates clearly without inherent errors as a result of the corresponding redundancy, it is possible to clearly look for errors within the individual units.

This prevents opening and closing of the housing and allows operation of the analyzer only when it is in a safe condition. This includes examining the ability of hot surfaces and electrical equipment to ignite flammable mixtures, and to ensure that there is no health hazard, an inert gas is mixed with oxygen before opening the protective housing. Ru. However, prior to operation, atmospheric oxygen is not present in the protective housing. Since there is no need to provide separate explosion protection equipment for the unit, there is no need to deal with such equipment. There is thus no risk of incorrect operation of the individual units, which could lead to an accident, for example when closing the pressure-tight housing or the pressure-tight housing. There is clearly no need to take into account the adjustments associated with the assembly when installed, or else they would have to be taken into account, for example in the case of a protective type of inherent safety.

(Example) Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the individual components and subsystems of a process analysis device and the interaction of the individual components. That is, the process 40 proceeds to the sample preparation section 6 through the material sample extraction section 41 and the sample supply section 42 . The prepared specimen is fed to one or more analyzers 4 which are coupled to an electronic control and signal exchanger 5 by bi-directional lines.

Commands are exchanged between analyzer 4 and signal converter 5 in one direction and test signals in another direction.

The signal converter 5 is connected to a control room 43 and a laboratory 44.

In order to operate the analytical device, it is necessary to have at least one calibration medium, auxiliary substance or auxiliary device 49 and disposal means 45 from the calibration device 8 . The analyzer also includes an airtight housing 2 and a fault diagnostic device 46. The fault diagnosis device can be connected to a test chamber 48 via a control and signal processor 47 .

The fault diagnostic device 46 receives instructions from the control and signal processor 47 and returns diagnostic signals in the opposite direction.

Refer now to FIG. The analytical device 1 comprises a self-supporting housing 2, a removable support member 3, a plurality of analyzers 4, an electronic controller 5, specimen preparation means 6, a cooling device 7 and a calibration device 8. FIG. 2 shows the support member 3 being removed from the housing 2. It is therefore freely accessible from two sides, the front side being occupied by the first door 9. For clarity of illustration, it is not shown in FIG. 2 that the support member 3 is mounted on the pre-filled rail.

The support member 3 functions as an assembly frame for the analyzer 4, the electronic controller 5 and the specimen preparation section 6.

They are technically top class parts and equipment. Other auxiliary equipment necessary to operate the analyzer, such as cooling equipment, storage tanks and auxiliary material pipes,
The calibration device and the like are housed stationary inside the housing 2. In principle, these instruments can be mounted on the support member 3, but in the case of more comprehensive analysis devices, such as those shown in FIG. Advantageously, a second housing area 11 is provided for receiving stationary equipment. second area 1
1 is accessed through a second door 12 provided on the front side. Since it can be assumed that access to region 11 is rarely desired or required, the second
The door 12 is preferably removably screwed to the housing 2. This is made possible by using the Comparative Sealing II: method to properly seal the door opening. To close the first door 9, a pneumatically actuated number b cylinder or equivalent device is provided. The thin lids are uniformly distributed along the perimeter of the door opening (not shown).

By operating the control member 14, a uniform action is performed on the device, so that the first door is pressed uniformly and firmly against the corresponding sealing surface on the housing 2. This makes it possible to close the two openings of the housing 2, which are closed by the first door 12 and the second door 12, very tightly, so that the housing 2 is completely hermetically sealed.

A gable roof 13 is provided projecting above the housing 2.

This roof 13 projects so far over the narrow side of the housing 2 that it completely covers the removal area of the support member 3 and protects the entrance to the area 11. A capacitor is provided under the roof 13, ie, within the outer wall of the second door 12. This capacitor can also be constructed with a large area and is connected to the cooling device 7.

An air intake hole 16 protected by a filter is provided on the underside of the roof surface. The air that enters those air intake holes exits through the top of the roof. Inside the sealed housing 2, an air duct 17 extends from the cooling device 7 to the first region 10 under the topmost part of the container, so that in the embodiment described here the direction is clockwise. A circuit is obtained.

FIG. 3 shows how the analyzer shown in FIG. 2 with several similar devices can be placed side by side in a space-saving manner. The example of an analysis device shown in FIG. 3 is of a different construction. The upper device is only provided with one outlet extending over the entire length of the /X housing 2 and closed at the back by a wall. If access to all parts is provided via the support member 3, it is possible to set the rear part of the housing 2, for example at -L of the wall.

Furthermore, in the embodiment described, there is a support member 3 in the first region 10, and the second region 11 can be closed by a hinged door 8 for the arrangement of stationary parts.

The third analysis device has two support members 3.

These support members 3 can in each case be moved from one narrow side of the housing 2 in the direction of the arrow. The analyzer at the bottom almost corresponds to the analyzer described above. The analysis 2 position merely shows how the housing 2 is in the closed condition.

Instead of a hinged door, a screwable door is shown.

On the side of the support member 3 opposite the first door 9 there is provided one connection for all the auxiliary substance tubes. These auxiliary substance tubes are for supplying and removing substances to be analyzed. Auxiliary substances cover coolants and heating vapors apart from those directly required for analytical purposes. Their connections are connected to the support member 3 by flexible tubes 20. The flexible tube 20 also has connections for transmitting control and test electrical signals and for supplying power.

In FIG. 3, it can be seen that a pre-loading rail 21 is provided. The support member 3 is guided on these rails. The cross section of the first door 9 is suitable for adopting a multilayer structure. The inner layer of the multilayer structure is made of thermally insulating material,
The outer layer is constructed of an atmosphere-resistant material. This multilayer structure corresponds to the multilayer structure of the walls of the housing.

FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing individual parts of the analyzer. The following parts are provided on the - side of the support member 3. a specimen preparation section (not shown), one or more analyzers (not shown), a specimen preparation and analysis unit, a measuring device (not shown), a connection unit 51 for conductive lines, power and electrical signals. The installation locations of the measuring tube and the electronic controller 5° sample preparation section including the sending unit 52) and the fault diagnosis device are indicated by diagonal lines. The location of the analyzer is indicated by a cross line. The fault diagnosis device has a computer.

The computer is connected via a sensor to the component to be monitored.

The electronic controller 5 also has a device for monitoring the opening and opening of the first door 9. The device can also be connected to sensors that can monitor critical values. If the critical value is exceeded, an explosion hazard occurs when the first door 9 is opened, or the operator is exposed to danger due to the occurrence of a situation such as a leakage of toxic gas. Therefore, switching monitoring devices allow hot surfaces to cool below the ignition temperature, scavenging and blowing devices are activated, carcinogenic or toxic gases are flushed out, and over or under pressures are returned to normal values. It is only permitted to close the first door 9 when the first door 9 is opened.

This automatically prevents critical situations. When the analyzer is operated, the previously entered atmospheric oxygen is blown out and the instrument is operated only after all safety checks have been completed.

Important sensors for switching monitoring devices are so-called monitoring sensors. These monitoring sensors are placed at all important points inside the housing 2. When a hazardous condition is detected, it is indicated by an indicator on the exterior of the housing and an audible or optical alarm is provided. At the same time, the measurements mentioned in connection with the opening of the door are carried out in order to eliminate the critical situation.

These monitoring sensors are connected to the upper air duct 17, the lower air duct 22, the connection point to the first region 10 and the cooling device 7.
It can also be located at the inlet/outlet of all pipe passages and
The outlet from the housing is made explosion-proof. A monitoring sensor 23 located at the inlet of the air duct 17 or 22
Following this, a fan 24 and a heater 25 are provided. The lower air duct 22 can also be constructed as a floor gutter at the same time.

Or you can run directly into the gutter to collect the drops. Those drops pass through the device. The lower air duct 22 can also be used to stabilize the housing 2.

In the embodiment described here, blowing means 26 are provided on both sides of the upper air duct 17. The spraying means 26 can function according to the principle of a dishwasher, in which the support member 3 and all parts supported by this support member are sprayed with liquid.

A cooling device is mounted at the rear of the second door 12 in the right-hand region of the housing. The cooling device has an air cooler 71 and a water heat exchanger 72. In this embodiment, the second door 12 also functions as a condenser for removing cooling heat. It can clearly be seen that the cooling device 7 provides a connection for the upper air duct 17 and the lower air duct 22 for the flow of cooling medium. In this embodiment, an electrical mains connection 31 is attached to the second door 12 and connected to an external mains switch (not shown). A partition 27 is provided between the right and left interior regions.

FIG. 5 shows several analyzers shown in FIG. 3 arranged in a row and connected to form a compact device without restricting access to the analyzer 4. Show the situation.

It will be appreciated that the method of connecting the tubes 19 is such that it can be routed from the process to be analyzed to the analytical device. If, as shown, a plurality of support elements 3 are juxtaposed, it is advantageous to provide the operating element 28, the indicator element 29 and the monitoring element 30 on the outside of the first door 9. The operating element 28 controls in particular the supply and removal of auxiliary substances.

A typical dimension of the housing 2 is, for example, 0.7xl, 2 m at the base surface and 2.2 m high.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the analyzer, FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of the analyzer, FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of several juxtaposed analyzers shown in FIG. Figure 4 is the second
A schematic exploded view of the analyzer shown in the figure, FIG.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the analysis device shown in FIGS. 2... Housing, 3... Supporting member, 9... Door member, 10... First region, 11... Second region, 1
2... Second door member, 13... Roof, 20... Supply and disposal pipe, 26... Spraying device. Applicant's agent Sato -YuFIG, 3 Procedural amendment letter Bogen June 1986-ILI-Date

Claims (16)

[Claims] (1) process instrumentation/automation equipment, at least one process analyzer, and at least one of a hazardous environment, such as a flammable or explosive environment, and a hazardous substance, such as a substance hazardous to health; In the process analysis device, the self-supporting and sealed housing (2) is provided with a removable support member (3) occupying a large part of the interior thereof;
The front part of the support member is connected to a first door member (9) closing the removal opening, the support member (3) being connected to at least one process analyzer and at least one specimen separation means. ,
The support member (3) supports at least one auxiliary material device and means for communicating electrical signals in one or two directions, and the support member (3) is connected to the stationary housing part via flexible supply and disposal lines (20). connected, and the entrance to the housing (2) is provided with door closing means, which door closing means are connected to explosion protection means via monitoring means, such that opening is only possible in a safe condition. A process analysis device coupled to at least one of the environmental protection means, characterized in that the outside of the housing is provided with at least one keyboard and a viewing section for local inspection of the finished device. (2) A process analysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that the support member (3) can be sufficiently extended. (3) A process analysis device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the wall of the housing has a multilayer structure, and the multilayer structure has at least one central layer of insulating material. Analysis equipment. (4) The process analysis device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first door member (9) is closed by an air cylinder or an equivalent mechanical device or hydraulic device. process analysis equipment. (5) A process analysis device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a spraying means (26) or a cleaning means is provided inside the housing (2). Analysis equipment. (6) A process analysis device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the housing (2) is provided with a dense floor gutter. (7) A process analysis device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the support member (3) can be extracted from the narrow side of the housing (2). (8) In the process analysis device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the support member (3) supports a fault diagnosis device, which fault diagnosis device includes all important analyzers and auxiliary means. A process analysis device characterized in that it is connected to. (9) A process analysis device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the calibration substance container is housed inside the housing. (10) A process analysis device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a self-supplying cooling water device is integrated. (11) In the process analysis device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, the housing (2) has a first region receiving the support member (3) and a second region receiving the stationary device. A process analysis device characterized by being divided into. (12) In the process analysis device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, the housing (2) includes a second door member (12) provided with an entrance to the second region (11).
A process analysis device characterized by being provided with. (13) A process analysis device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the housing (2) is provided with a projecting roof (13). (14) A process analysis device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the roof projects completely above the extraction area of the support member (3). (15) In the process analysis device according to claim 14, the device for hanging the protective curtain includes a supporting member (
3) A process analysis device characterized in that it is provided along a roof projecting above the extraction area. (16) The process analysis device according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the interior of the housing is air-conditioned.