JPS622933B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a machine tool in which a tool storage magazine is installed on the side of a column that guides and supports a spindle head that supports a spindle in a vertically movable manner, and particularly a magazine body that holds a plurality of tools. Equipped with a tool storage magazine that guides and supports the spindle so that it can move forward and backward, moves the magazine body toward the spindle when changing tools, and retracts the magazine body to a position where it does not interfere with the movement of the spindle after the tool change is completed. This relates to machine tools.

The main object of the present invention is to separate the tool on the magazine body from the main shaft by a protective cover when the magazine body is at the rearward end.
The purpose is to prevent chips from adhering to the mating surface of tools during machining without having to move the magazine body back significantly.Another purpose is to prevent the movement of the protective cover from moving the magazine body. By using motion, the protective cover can be moved without providing any special driving force.

In machines where the tool storage magazine is arranged on the side of the column perpendicular to the movement direction of the spindle head on the machine tool body, when changing tools without using a tool changer, multiple tools can be exchanged as described above. The magazine body to be held is guided and supported so that it can move forward and backward relative to the spindle of the machine tool, and when changing tools, the magazine body is moved toward the spindle side, and after the tool change is completed, the magazine body is retracted to a position where it does not interfere with the movement of the spindle. However, if this retraction position is close to the spindle, chips scattered during machining of the workpiece will adhere to the tapered fitting surface of the tool held in the magazine body, making it difficult to hold the tool in the correct position. There is a possibility that it will not be possible to attach it to the main shaft.

For this reason, it is better to move the magazine body as far away from the spindle head as possible, but doing so will not only increase the movement stroke of the magazine body and make the machine larger, but also cause the magazine body to be moved when changing tools. There was a problem in that it took time to move the tool to the forward end, and the time required to change the tool was also increased.

The present invention was made in view of these conventional problems, and includes a movable protective cover that separates the tool on the magazine body from the main shaft, and the protective cover is moved as the magazine body moves. By moving the protective cover, the protective cover does not interfere with the tool change, and after the tool is replaced, the protective cover is positioned between the tool and the spindle to prevent chips from forming on the fitting surface of the tool during machining. This feature is characterized in that it prevents adhesion.

Another feature of the present invention is that the protective cover is moved using the movement of the magazine body.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings. In FIG. 1, 10 is a machine tool main body, 11 is a tool storage magazine installed adjacent to the machine tool main body 10, and the machine tool main body 10 is a bed 1.
2, a workpiece table 13 is guided so as to be movable in the left-right direction in FIG. It is guided so that it can move in a direction perpendicular to the direction. A main shaft 17 having a built-in tool gripping mechanism is rotatably supported on the main spindle head 15 about an axis parallel to the moving direction of the column 16. Note that 18 is a servo motor for moving the workpiece table 13, and 19 is a servo motor for moving the spindle head 15 up and down.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the tool storage magazine 11 is mounted on the front surface of a support base 21 that is supported on a support base 20 and extends in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the spindle head 15. 22 is movably guided, and a tool holding disc 23 is attached to the front surface of this magazine body 22.

That is, the spindle head 1 is
A pair of pilot bars 25a, 25b fixed in a state extending in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the pilot bar 5.
A magazine body 22 that is moved forward and backward by a cylinder device 26 is slidably supported, and a support is fixed to the front right side of the magazine body 22 in FIG. 1 in parallel with the axis of the main shaft 17. axis 27
A tool holding disk 23 is rotatably supported on the outer periphery of the tool holding disk 23. A pair of gripping claws 28, 28 and a spring mechanism (not shown) grip the gripping portion of the tool T on the outer periphery of the tool holding disk 23, so that the tool T can be held parallel to the axis of the spindle 17. Holding mechanisms 30 are attached at equal angular intervals to hold the magazine body 22 in a fixed state, and are attached to the motor 31 fixed to the magazine body 22, the gear box 32, and the tool holding disc 23, and are attached to the gear 32a of the output shaft of the gear box 32. Gears 33 that mesh
Predetermined tools are sequentially indexed to the tool exchange position P by an indexing mechanism consisting of the following.

When the magazine body 22 is located at the forward end, the tool T at the tool change position P is located within a vertical plane passing through the spindle axis, and when the magazine body 22 is located at the backward end,
The forward end position and the backward end position are adjusted by an unillustrated stopper so that the tool T on the tool holding disk 23 is at a position where it does not interfere with the spindle head 15 and the workpiece on the workpiece table 13. .

Further, the magazine body 22 is provided with a protective cover 35 that prevents chips and the like from adhering to the tapered fitting surface Ta of the tool T during machining. That is, between the large flange portion 27a formed near the attachment end of the support shaft 27 that supports the tool holding disk 23 and the magazine body 22, and between the center of the support shaft 27 and the tips of the pair of gripping claws. A rotating disk 36 is rotatably held in which a large-diameter portion having a diameter larger than the distance by a predetermined distance is formed in about half of the circumference, and a protective cover is attached along the periphery of the large-diameter portion. 35
is permanently installed. This protective cover 35 has a predetermined length in a direction parallel to the axis of the support shaft 27, and its tip end is attached to the tool T held on the tool holding disc 23.
The tip reaches the tip of the tool T by a predetermined amount. Further, the end of the protective cover 35 on the machine tool side is curved and protruded by a certain amount from the large diameter part with the same radius as the large diameter part, and as shown by the solid line in FIG. When the large diameter portion of the tool T is located above, its tip reaches below the tool T located at the tool exchange position P. In addition, the protective cover 35
As shown in FIG. 2, the rotating disk 36 side of the distal end is provided with a notch 35a to prevent interference between the spindle head 15 and the protective cover 35 during the tool exchange operation.
is formed.

Then, a third
In the figure, an engagement roller 38 is provided on the back side of the part located on the right side of the support shaft 27, that is, on the machine tool side.
is rotatably attached, and this engagement roller 38 is attached via a support plate 41 to the tip of a support bracket 40 fixed on the support base 20, and is operated to face the back surface of the rotating disk 36. It fits into a vertical engagement groove 42a formed in the member 42, and the engagement roller 3 is fitted into the operating member 42.
8 is restricted so that it can only move in the vertical direction. Note that 36a is an arc-shaped notch that prevents the rotating disk 36 from interfering with the gear box 32 when rotating.

Therefore, when the magazine body 22 moves from the backward end indicated by a solid line in FIG. By turning counterclockwise at a certain angle, the right end of the protective cover 35 moves a predetermined amount above the tool T located at the tool exchange position P.

As a result, even if the column 16 is advanced from the backward end, the tip cylindrical portion 15a of the spindle head 15 does not interfere with the protective cover 35, and the spindle head 15 is moved forward from the rearward end.
After positioning the column 16 at the position indicated by the two-dot chain line in the figure, the tool T at the tool exchange position P can be inserted into the spindle 17 by moving the column 16 forward, and then the tool T is held by the tool gripping mechanism in the spindle 17. .

In this way, when the installation of the tool T is completed, the magazine body 22 is returned to the retreat end, and then the workpiece W is
At this time, since there is a protective cover 35 between the tool T on the tool holding disc 23 and the main shaft 17 located at the processing location, chips may be scattered during machining of the workpiece. Also, chips will not adhere to the taper fitting surface Ta of the tool T.

Even when changing tools during workpiece machining,
By moving the column 16 and the spindle head 15, the spindle 1
After positioning the tool T on 7 to the tool exchange position,
By moving the magazine body 22 forward, the used tools are returned to the tool holding disc 23, and then the column 1
6 is retracted, the next tool T to be used is indexed to the tool exchange position P, and then the new tool is mounted on the spindle 17 by the same operation as above.

As mentioned above, even if chips are scattered during machining, the presence of the protective cover 35 prevents the chips from being carried away by the tool T.
It is possible to prevent the new tool from adhering to the fitting surface Ta of the tool, and even during the tool exchange described above, the new tool is always mounted in the correct posture relative to the spindle 17.

In addition, since the protective cover 35 covers the entire upper part of the tool holding disc 23 when the magazine body 22 is located at the rearward end, there is no possibility that dust etc. floating in the factory will adhere to the fitting surface Ta of the tool T. can also be prevented.

As described above, in the present invention, a movable protective cover is provided on the magazine body that holds a plurality of tools, and when the magazine body is located at the rearward end, there is a gap between the tools on the magazine body and the main shaft. Since the protective cover is located at the top, even if chips are scattered during machining of a workpiece, they will not adhere to the fitting surface of the tool held on the magazine body. Therefore, there is no need to position the retreating end of the magazine body so far from the main shaft, and the travel stroke of the magazine body can be made smaller, which not only makes the machine tool more compact as a whole, but also reduces the time required to change tools. There are advantages.

Moreover, in the present invention, since the protective cover is moved using the forward and backward movement of the magazine body for exchanging tools, there is an advantage that no special drive source is required to move the protective cover.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a front view of a machine tool equipped with a tool storage magazine, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line - in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line - in FIG. 2. 10...Machine tool, 11...Tool storage magazine, 1
2... Bed, 13... Workpiece table, 15... Spindle head, 16... Column, 17... Spindle, 21... Support base, 22... Magazine body, 23... Tool holding disk, 2
7... Support shaft, 35... Protective cover, 36... Rotating disk, 38... Engagement roller, 42... Operating member, 42a
...Engagement groove, T...Tool.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A machine tool having a column that guides and supports a spindle head that supports the spindle in a vertically slidable manner, and a tool storage magazine installed on the side of this column, and a support base installed on the side of the column. A magazine body provided with a tool holder for holding a plurality of tools on the support base is guided by a drive device so as to be movable back and forth between a forward end position close to the main shaft and a backward end position far from the main shaft. supporting the tool holder and disposing a movable protective cover between the tool holder and the main shaft;
The protective cover is rotatably supported on the magazine body, and an operating member that engages with the protective cover is disposed on the support base, and as the magazine body moves forward and backward, the protective cover is moved from the operating member. A machine tool equipped with a tool storage magazine configured to open and close when engaged.