JPS62284891A - Transmitter for excavation measured data - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention 3. Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a device for transmitting a total of 7 fJ1 data during oil drilling or tunnel excavation.

[Conventional technology] For example, when drilling for oil, various types of geological data, muddy water data, bit data, etc. are measured deep underground in order to control the oil drilling rig so that the drilling can be performed without any problems. need to be transmitted to.

An oil drilling rig configured to transmit drilling measurement data will be explained with reference to FIG. 9. In the figure, 1 is an oil drilling rig, 2 is a casing, 3 is a drill pipe made of conductive material such as iron or cast steel, and 4 is a drill. A drill bit rotatably attached to the lower end of the pipe 3; 5 a sensor section equipped with a number of sensors for measuring various data; 6 a transmitting antenna section for wirelessly transmitting various measured data; 7 8 is a receiving antenna section that receives data transmitted to the ground as a signal; 9 is an amplifier that amplifies the signal received by the receiving antenna section 8; 10 is a battery section for supplying power to various devices and sensors; 11 is a signal demodulator that demodulates the received signal;
12 is a signal processing device including a computer for processing the signal from the signal demodulator IO; 12 is an output device such as a display or printer; and 13 is the ground surface.

A conventional example of the transmitting antenna section 6 is shown in Fig. 1θ, in which 14 is an electrically insulating structure in which a part of the drill pipe 3 is made of an electrically insulating material such as plastic or metal fiber reinforced plastic (FRM). The body part 15 is a hollow cylindrical transformer housed concentrically with the drill vibe 3 in the electrical insulator part 14 of the drill vibe 3. The transformer 15 is made of a magnetic material such as permalloy or silicon steel with low hysteresis loss. formed from material. Also, 1B is transformer 1
5 is a partial coil wound along the longitudinal direction of the transformer 15; 17 is a secondary coil similarly wound along the longitudinal direction of the transformer 15;
8 is an amplifier; 19 is a circuit including a circuit for converting a parallel signal into a series signal and a circuit for modulating the signal; 20
is a sensor group consisting of a large number of sensors that measure various data, and the amplifier 18 is partially connected to the coil 16, and the secondary coil 17 is connected to the conductive material part of the drill vibe 3. The amplifier 18, the circuit 19, and the sensor group 20 are all housed within the drill pipe 3.

The measurement data during excavation sequentially measured by the sensor group 20 is converted from a parallel signal to a series signal in the circuit 19 and modulated, amplified by the amplifier 18, and impedance converted between the primary coil 16 and the secondary coil 17. It is transmitted and transmitted as an electromagnetic wave from the transmitting antenna section 8, received and amplified by the receiving antenna section 8 on the ground, demodulated by the signal demodulator IO, processed by the signal processing device 11, and then displayed or printed on the output device 12. Ru.

Another conventional example of the transmitting antenna section 6 is shown in FIG. The insulator part 22 is an electrical conductor part 23.2 formed of copper, steel, etc., fitted into the hole of the electrical insulator part 21.
4 is an electrical insulator such as plastic or FRM fixed to the inner and outer circumferential parts of the drill pipe 3 at the installation part of the electrical conductor 22; one end of the secondary coil 17 is connected to the drill vibe 3, and the other end is electrically insulating. It is connected to the conductor section 22. In this case as well, part of the data of the measurement signal amplified by the amplifier 18 is
The impedance is converted between B and the secondary coil 17, and the electromagnetic wave is emitted and transmitted from the transmitting antenna section θ, and is received by the receiving antenna section 8 shown in FIG.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the oil drilling equipment transmission device described above, if the S/N ratio, which is the ratio of the signal S to the noise N, decreases due to an increase in noise, accurate measurement data cannot be obtained on the ground. The problem was that it was difficult to

In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention has been made with the object of removing the influence of noise from measurement data transmitted from a transmitting antenna section.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention includes a drill vibrator equipped with a drill bit for drilling underground at its tip, housing a transformer having a primary coil and a secondary coil, and placing a part of the coil on the sensor side. In addition, the secondary coils are connected to the drill pipe side to form a transmitting antenna part on the drill pipe part, and the secondary coil and the drill vibe are connected by a conductive wire to form a reference potential to balance the transmitting antenna part. It has a formal structure.

[Function] Since a stable reference potential is formed in the transmitting antenna section, an output with reduced noise is transmitted from the transmitting antenna section.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 and 2 show a first embodiment of the present invention, in which the transmitting antenna section 6 includes an electrical conductor section 23 made of iron or cast steel and having approximately the same inner and outer diameter as the drill vibe 3; A pair of upper and lower non-electrical conductor parts 24 made of a dielectric material such as special ceramics and having approximately the same inner and outer diameters as the drill vibe 3 are fixed to the lower end of the electrical conductor part 23 and are integrally fixed to the drill vibe 3. Insulating materials 25 made of rubber, plastic, etc. are placed above the upper non-conductive conductor part 24 and below the lower non-conductive conductor part 24 to partially cover the inner and outer peripheries of the drill vibe 3 and prevent short circuits. are fitted.

A part of the coil 27 and a secondary coil 28 are wound around the transformer 28. The primary coil 27 is connected to the amplifier 18 shown in FIG. 1θ and FIG. The conductive wire 29 connected to the upper part of the fitting part of the material 25 and the lower part of the fitting part of the insulating material 25 below the drill vibe 3, and the winding of the secondary coil 28 around the transformer 26 is connected to the part between the parts. It is connected to 23.

Although the transformer 26 and the like are shown outside the pipe in the figure, they are actually housed inside the pipe.

The electric signal measured by the sensor group 20 shown in FIG. 10 or FIG. It hangs on the connection part,
An electric field acts between the connection parts of the upper and lower secondary coils 28 of the drill vibrator 3. As a result, electromagnetic waves are generated and sent to the ground,
The signal is captured by the receiving antenna section 8 shown in the figure.

Since a conductive wire 29 is connected between the electrical conductor portion 23 sandwiched between the non-electrical conductor portions 24 and the secondary coil 28, the conductor wire 29 is connected to the electrical conductor portion 23 and the electrical conductor portion 23 on the same level as the electrical conductor portion 23. The underground becomes an equipotential surface and a stable reference potential is determined. Therefore, noise in the signal transmitted from the transmitting antenna section 6 is reduced.

The situation of the signal transmitted from the transmitting antenna section 6 is shown in Figure 3 (
b) To explain using (0), if there is no conductor 29, the reference potential is not fixed, and the reference potential fluctuates over time as shown in FIG. 3 (0), which causes noise.
By providing the conducting wire 29, the reference potential becomes stable and does not fluctuate over time, as shown in FIG. 3(a), so that noise is reduced.

FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, in which a plurality of electrical conductor parts 23 are provided, and two non-electric conductor parts 2 are provided above and below each electrical conductor part 23.
4 are integrally fixed, a conductive wire 29 is connected to the electrical conductor section 23 at the center in the longitudinal direction of the pipe, and the other electrical conductor sections 2
3 is connected to a conducting wire 30 whose one end is connected to the secondary coil 28.

With this configuration, the reference potential is determined at the electrical conductor section 23 at the center in the longitudinal direction of the pipe, so a signal with less noise is output from the transmitting antenna section 6, and the electric field is transmitted to the upper and lower secondary coils 28. Conductor 3 between connection parts and above and below
In addition, since the distance between the secondary coil 28 connections becomes larger, the effective length of the antenna becomes longer, and therefore the output of the signal transmitted from the transmitting antenna section 6 becomes larger.

FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment of the present invention, in which reference numeral 31 denotes an annular electrical insulator made of plastic, FRM, etc., fitted into a plurality of holes drilled at required intervals in the longitudinal direction of the drill vibe 3. 32 are electrical conductor parts made of copper, steel, etc. that are fitted into holes in the electrical insulator part 31, and the uppermost and lowermost electrical conductor parts 32 of each electrical conductor part 32 are A secondary coil 28 is connected to the second electrical conductor section 32 from the top and a conductive wire 30 whose one end is connected to the secondary coil 28 is connected to the second electrical conductor section 32 from the top and the second electrical conductor section 32 from the bottom. A conducting wire 33 whose one end is connected to the secondary coil 28 is connected to the third electrical conductor portion 32 .

Even with such a configuration, since the reference potential is determined at the conductor 29, a signal with less noise is output from the transmitting antenna section 6, and the electric field is generated between the electrical conductor sections 32 at the upper and lower ends, from above and below. This occurs between the third electrical conductor section 32 and between the third electrical conductor section 32 from above and below, and the effective length of the antenna is also large, so that the output of the signal transmitted from the transmitting antenna section 8 is growing.

FIG. 6 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the secondary coil 28 and the transmitting antenna section 6 are connected between the transformer 2B side of the secondary coil 28 and the transmitting antenna section 6 or between the conductive wire 30.33. This is an example in which a delay circuit 34 is provided between the two. I'J
, P2. P3. Pa.

P5. P6 is a connection part on the side of the transmitting antenna section 6 for the secondary coil or conducting wire.

Now, the expected propagation speed of electromagnetic waves propagating in the medium is C
and from a certain place not shown in the figure to the connection part P+ + P
2 + P 3 + P 4 + P 5 +
The distance in the Z-axis direction of P6 is Zp+, ZP2
, Zp3.

ZP4. When ZPS and ZP (1 and the period of the electric field are T, the delay time τ2.τ3.τ4.τ5゜τ6 at each connection part P2.P3.PJ, P5゜P6 is A time delay is given to the output given to the connection section. By operating in this way, the output from the transmitting antenna section 6 increases even more than in the previous embodiment. The reference potential is determined at the conductor 29, but this point is This is the same as in each embodiment.

The strength of the electric field when there is no delay circuit 34 and when there is a delay circuit 34 is calculated as follows.
To explain using figures A) and (B), FIG. 7(A) shows the case without the delay circuit, and FIG. 7(B) shows the case with the delay circuit.

If there is no delay circuit, each connection section PI + P2 + P
3, the electric field strength at Pa, P5, p6 is −E + r −E 21 −E 3, +
If E a , + E s ++ E6, connection part P1
The total strength of the electric field at ~P3 is −Eo+ −−El −E
2-E3, and the total electric field strength of the connection parts P4 to P6 is E(12-Ea +E5 +E6, and the total electric field strength is E = -E 1- E 2- E 3 +
E a + E s + E (, but in this case, the plus and minus cancel each other out, so the signal output becomes small.

When the delay circuit 34 is provided, τ1. τ2゜τ3. τ4. τ5.
With a time delay of τ6, each connection portion PI, P2 . P3. P4. P
When an electric field is generated from S and P6, the strength of the electric field has the same sign as +El, as shown in FIG. 7(b), for example.

+E2, +E3, +Ea, +E5, +): 6, and the overall electric field strength is E--+-El +E2
+E3 +Ea +Es +E6, so the signs are equal, so the signal output increases. Note that the signs are equal to the connection part P4. This is because in PS and P6, the period is delayed by 172 cycles in addition to the delay based on the propagation speed of the current wave.

Note that the connection part p4. The electric field of ps, p6 is the connection part P,,P
2. The electric field increases as it is closer to the ground than P3.

FIG. 8 shows details of a circuit including the delay circuit 34 in a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Although the delay circuit 34 is provided further upstream of the coil 27, even with such a configuration, the electric field strength increases as in the case of FIG. 6. In the figure, 35 is a circuit for converting a parallel signal into a series signal and a circuit for modulating the signal, 36 is an A/D converter, 37 is a D/A converter, and 38 is an amplifier.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it goes without saying that various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

[Effects of the Invention] Since the excavation measurement data transmission device of the present invention is designed to determine a stable reference potential, noise in the signal output from the transmitting antenna section is reduced, and therefore accurate measurement data can be transmitted efficiently. It can have an excellent effect of being able to obtain good results.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the first embodiment of the excavation measurement data transmission device of the present invention, FIG.
b) (b) are graphs showing the state of the signal with respect to the reference potential, Fig. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the second embodiment of the excavation measurement data transmission device of the present invention, and Fig. 5 is a graph showing the state of the signal with respect to the reference potential. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the third embodiment of the transmission device, FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the fourth embodiment of the excavation measurement data transmission device of the present invention, and FIG. A graph showing the
Fig. 7 (0) is a graph showing the electric field strength when a time delay is given, Fig. 8 is an explanation of the fifth embodiment of the drilling measurement data transmission device of the present invention, and Fig. 9 is a graph showing the electric field strength when a time delay is applied. A general explanatory diagram of a drilling rig, FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a transmitting antenna section used in the oil drilling rig of FIG. 9, and FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of an example of the same location. In the figure, 3 is a drill pipe, 4 is a drill bit, 5 is a sensor section, 6 is a transmitting antenna section, 8 is a receiving antenna section, 23 is an electric conductor section, 24 is a non-conductive conductor section, 25 is an insulating material, 2B
is a transformer, 27 is a partial coil, 28 is a secondary coil, 2
9. 30 is a conductor, 31 is an electrical insulator, 32 is an electrical conductor, 33 is a conductor, and 34 is a delay circuit.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) A transformer with a primary coil and a secondary coil is housed in a drill pipe with a drill bit for digging underground at the tip, and the primary coil is connected to the sensor side and the secondary coil to the drill pipe side. A transmitting antenna part is formed in the drill pipe part, and the secondary coil and the drill pipe are connected by a conductive wire for forming a reference potential, so that the transmitting antenna part is of a balanced type. Transmission device.